Lipid Parameters In Patients Research Articles

Effect of a program of physical activity motivated by lipid parameters of patients with obesity and/or overweight

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of a motivated physical activity program on the lipid parameters most related to excess weight (triglycerides [TG], and high density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL]) in a weight-loss intervention in obese and overweight patients. MethodsA randomised and controlled, 2-arm, clinical trial and a 12-months follow-up was conducted. The patients included in the study were randomised into 2 intervention groups: motivational intervention of obesity with a previously trained nurse (G1), motivational group, with digital platform support and motivated physical activity program (iwopi [G2]).The anthropometric variables measured were height, weight, body mass index (BMI), as well as the analytical variables, total cholesterol, TG and HDL-C. ResultsA total of 123 patients participated in the study, of which 61 were randomised to G1, and 62 to G2. Both groups significantly decreased weight at the end of the study, with the decrease in G1 being 4.898kg, and 6.292kg in G2. In both groups there was also a significantly decrease (p<0.05) in total cholesterol and TG, and increase in HDL cholesterol, with these changes being more intense in the G2 group, as well as being the group that lost more weight. ConclusionsWeight reduction is accompanied by favourable changes in lipid parameters related to overweight and obesity, being more intense the greater the weight loss.

Associations of cholesterol and vitamin D metabolites with the risk for development of high grade colorectal cancer.

Vitamin D deficiency is repeatedly reported in colorectal cancer (CRC). Since cholesterol and vitamin D share common precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), it would be important to explore the associations of key vitamin D metabolites and serum lipid parameters in patients with high and low grade CRC. The aim of this study was to analyze relationships between serum 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3 and 7-DHC levels and serum lipids in patients with CRC, and to evaluate their potential for prediction of risk for development of high grade CRC. We recruited 82 patients CRC and 77 controls. 7-DHC, 25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 were quantified by LC-MS/MS methods. 7-DHC, 25(OH)D3 and vitamin D metabolic ratio (VDMR) were significantly lower in CRC patients than in control group (P<0.001, P<0.010, P<0.050 and P<0.050, respectively). 25(OH)D3 levels were higher in patients with grade I CRC when compared to grade II (P<0.050). All vitamin D metabolites positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC) concentration in CRC patients. 25(OH)D3 was significant predictor of increased CRC risk (P<0.010). After adjustment for TC concentration, 25(OH)D3 lost its predictive abilities. However, 25(OH)D3 remained significant predictor of poorly differentiated type of cancer (P<0.050). We found significant positive association between vitamin D status and serum total cholesterol. Although low 25(OH)D3 was found to be a significant risk factor for CRC development, the obtained results primarily suggest profound impact of cholesterol level on vitamin D status in CRC. However, our results suggest that low 25(OH)D3 might independently contribute to development of poorly differentiated tumor.

1-OR: Effect of Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Liner on Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome

Introduction: The duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) is an antiresorptive endoscopic treatment option for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and obesity. The effects of DJBL on cardiovascular risk parameters remain elusive. Methods: We implanted in 71 patients with T2DM and metabolic syndrome a DJBL for 9-12 months. At implantation, 3 months, explantation, 3 and 6 months follow-up, data on blood sugar, body weight, blood pressure and lipid status were collected. Serum samples were analysed for dynamics of cardiovascular biomarkers: high sensitive CRP (HsCRP); lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2); Homoarginine; symmetrical dimethylarginin (SDMA), assymetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), and low densitiy lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions. Overall cardiovascular risk was estimated by Advanced-Risk-Engine at time of implantation, explantation and after 6 months of follow-up. Results: Implantation of DJBL was accompanied by significant decrease of body weight and improvement of blood sugar. We observed decrements of systolic blood pressure, LDL and triglyceride levels in the course of DJBL implantation (p=1x10-3, p=2x10-3, p=0.01). hsCRP, Lp-PLA2 and small dense lipoprotein fraction LDL-4 showed significant decreases after implantation (hsCRP: V1 vs. V6, p=1x10-3, Lp-PLA2: V1 vs. V5, p&amp;lt;1x10-3, LDL-4: V1 vs. V5, p=0.04). Unexpectedly, decreased homoarginine levels after DJBL-implantation correlated with body weight reduction, possibly reflecting catabolic metabolism. Estimated overall cardiovascular risk by Advanced-Risk-Engine decreased after implantation and remained stable within 6 months of follow-up. Discussion: Above recent reports of beneficial effects of DJBL on weight loss, glycemic control and lipid parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome, this is the first study that revealed significant impact on serological cardiovascular biomarkers, indicating possible protective effects of DJBL on cardiovascular outcome. Disclosure K. Laubner: Research Support; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, GI Dynamics, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Self; AstraZeneca, Berlin-Chemie AG, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., Novartis AG. N. Röhlen: None. D. Bettinger: None. H. Hilger: None. C. König: None. A. Krebs: None. J. Seufert: None. Funding GI Dynamics

Evaluation of Lipid Parameters in Patients Receiving Vitamin B12 Therapy

Evaluation of Lipid Parameters in Patients Receiving Vitamin B12 Therapy

Effects of curcumin on glycemic control and lipid profile in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

ScopeStudies have demonstrated inconsistent effects of curcumin on glycemic outcomes and lipid parameters in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to assess the effect of curcumin on glycemic control and lipid profile in prediabetes and T2DM.Methods and resultsA systematic search of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted from inception to June 2018 in electronic sources including AMED, ANZCTR, BioMed Central, CENTRAL, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, Expanded Academic Index, Google Scholar, ISRCTN, LILACS, MEDLINE, NCCIH, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and WHO ICTRP. Hand search was also performed. Of the total 486 records, four trials (N = 508) and eight trials (N = 646) were eligible for the meta-analysis of individuals with prediabetes and T2DM, respectively. Curcumin significantly reduced glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in prediabetics (MD: -0.9%, 95% CI: -1.7 to -0.1%, p = 0.03). Furthermore, T2DM subjects gained favorable reduction in both HbA1c (MD: -0.5%, 95% CI: -1.0 to -0.0%, p = 0.04) and fasting plasma glucose (MD: -11.7 mg/dL, 95% CI: -22.1 to -1.3 mg/dL, p = 0.03). Tendency of lipid profile improvement was also observed.ConclusionOur findings may encourage curcumin supplementation based on its meaningful effect on glycemic control and positive trend on lipid outcomes in prediabetes and T2DM.

No effect of fenugreek, bergamot and olive leaf extract on glucose homeostasis in patients with prediabetes: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study.

IntroductionThe main pathophysiologic mechanism of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is insulin resistance, which exists several years before T2D diagnosis. The term ‘prediabetes’ applies to patients with insulin resistance but without overt T2D. The improvement of glucose homeostasis in these patients may prevent or delay the development of T2D and its complications. Data suggest that fenugreek, olive leaf polyphenols and bergamot extract may improve carbohydrate metabolism. We examined the effect of an agent containing fenugreek, olive leaf polyphenols and bergamot extract (active agent) on glucose homeostasis in patients with prediabetes.Material and methodsThis was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial; patients with prediabetes (N = 100) were randomized to treatment with the active agent or placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at 6 months after treatment initiation. Secondary endpoints included changes in other parameters of glucose metabolism and lipid profile.ResultsOverall 87 patients completed the study. No significant change in HbA1c was observed in either treatment group. Similarly, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and lipid profile remained unaltered in both groups.ConclusionsThe administration of an agent containing fenugreek, olive leaf polyphenols and bergamot extract for 6 months did not improve glycemia or lipid parameters in patients with prediabetes.

Relationship Between Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism and Lipid Parameters in Patients with Behçets Disease

Relationship Between Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism and Lipid Parameters in Patients with Behçets Disease

Variation in common serum lipid parameters in patients with malaria: A 1-year cross-sectional study

Background: Variations in serum lipid parameters are commonly and ubiquitously reported in patients with malaria. Different host cell lipid-dependent processes have been observed in the life cycle of the malarial parasite Plasmodium. Aim: The present study was undertaken to assess the serum lipid profile in patients with malaria. Materials and Methods: This 1-year cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2013 to December 2013 at the Department of Medicine. A total of 50 adult patients with positive-smear and quantitative buffy coat test for malaria, as well as with clinical features of malarial infection, were investigated for serum lipid profile changes. Patients on lipid-lowering drugs were excluded from the study. Fasting lipid profile estimation was performed using fully-automated Siemens Dimension Clinical Chemistry System for total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides. Data were analyzed using the independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results: Majority (86%) of the patients were positive for Plasmodium vivax. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 64% of the patients. Serum lipid profile estimation in these patients revealed that 60% of the patients had low total cholesterol levels (100–150 mg/dL), 56% of patients had low-LDL levels ( 150 mg/dL). Interestingly, patients with low-LDL cholesterol level had low-platelet count (51.25 ± 29.67;P = 0.035). Conclusion: Patients with malaria infections may have lipid parameters alteration in terms of hypocholesterolemia, low-HDL and -LDL levels, and hypertriglyceridemia.

Association of Hypertensive Retinopathy with different serum lipid parameters in patients of Essential Hypertension: A Hospital Based Study

Introduction: Abnormalities in serum lipid and lipoprotein levels are recognized as major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and essential hypertension and retinopathy. So this study was conducted to evaluate the role of dyslipidemia on development of retinopathy in hypertensive patients and to establish the association of parameters of serum lipid profile with hypertensive retinopathy.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ophthalmology Department among 135 patients in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NoMCTH), Biratnagar who were diagnosed with essential hypertension. Patients having diabetes mellitus, myopia, hazy ocular media and other posterior segment disorders were excluded from the study. The detailed ophthalmic examination was carried out in department of ophthalmology, NoMCTH, Biratnagar and all the study population were investigated for fasting serum lipid profile.&#x0D; Result: Out of 135 patients with essential hypertension, 65.44% had retinopathy and remaining had no signs of retinopathy. Mean age of patients were 60.24 (±15.14) years. Although no gender preponderance was found with retinopathy but this study showed that hypertensive retinopathy increases significantly with increase in age and its incidence increases after the age of 60 years.&#x0D; Conclusion: The duration of hypertension was found to be strongly associated with development of hypertensive retinopathy. The increase in all the lipid profile parameters (Serum TG, TC, and LDL and LDL:HDL) and the obesity were found to be strongly associated with retinopathy in hypertensive patients.

Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and lipid parameters in patients with end stage renal failure before and after kidney allotrasplantation

Aim: Background: Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a serin protease inhibitor, which has anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory effects. Several studies reported significant associations between PEDF levels and metabolic parameters, however little is known about the association between PEDF levels and lipid parameters in renal transplanted patients. Therefore our aim was to investigate the relationship between PEDF level and lipid parameters in renal transplanted patients.

F60. INFLAMMATORY MARKERS AND COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA TREATED WITH LURASIDONE

BackgroundRecent studies have linked inflammation, obesity, and lipid dysregulation with cognitive impairment, a core feature of schizophrenia. Elevated C-reactive protein concentration has been shown to be a reliable biomarker for inflammatory states. We conducted an exploratory analysis to investigate the potential influence of inflammation, obesity and lipid metabolism on changes in symptom severity and cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia treated with lurasidone.MethodsPatients with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia were treated with one of two fixed doses of lurasidone (80 or 160 mg/day), placebo, or 600 mg/day quetiapine XR in a 6-week double-blind study. A wide-range CRP (wr-CRP) assay (equivalent to high sensitivity CRP assay) was used to assess levels of inflammation. CRP was evaluated as a logarithm transformed (log) continuous variable and as a categorical variable divided into low (≤ 2 mg/L), medium (> 2 mg/L and ≤ 5 mg/L) and high (> 5 mg/L) subgroups. Cognitive function was assessed with the CogState computerized cognitive battery at baseline and week 6 endpoint. Nonparametric bootstrap resampling method was applied to estimate the main and interactive effects of CRP on ranked cognitive scores.ResultsElevated level of wr-CRP (log) was associated with cognitive impairment at study baseline (P < 0.05), with significantly lower cognitive performance in the subgroup with high wr-CRP (> 5 mg/L) compared to those with low wr- CRP (< 2 mg/L) at study baseline (P < 0.05). Higher level of CRP (log) was also associated with significantly greater symptom severity as assessed by PANSS score, as well as higher BMI/body weight, and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and high hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at study baseline (P < 0.05). No significant associations were found for wr-CRP (log) with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and total cholesterol at study baseline. High wr-CRP level (> 5 mg/L) at study baseline predicted less improvement of cognitive composite score at week 6 endpoint for all treatment groups, compared to those with low to medium wr-CRP levels (< 5 mg/L).The joint effect of wr-CRP (log) and HDL or HOMA-IR on moderating procognitive effects of lurasidone was significant (P<0.05), with greater lurasidone (vs. placebo) effect size in patients with either low wr-CRP and high HDL concentration or lower levels of both wr-CRP and HOMA-IR.Lurasidone treatment was associated with significant reduction in symptom severity as assessed by PANSS, CGI-S, and MADRS change scores from baseline to week 6, independent of wr-CRP, HDL and HOMA-IR levels at study baseline. Lurasidone had no significant effect on change in wr-CRP level from baseline to week 6 endpoint.DiscussionOur findings from this exploratory analysis of a placebo-controlled trial in patients with schizophrenia suggest that the joint effects of low wr-CRP level combined with either high HDL or low HOMA-IR can predict cognitive improvement in patients treated with lurasidone (vs. placebo). These findings suggest that inflammation and its interactive effects with insulin resistance and lipid parameters in patients with schizophrenia might impact cognition and response to treatment with antipsychotics.

Correlations of Cathepsin S with lipoprotein subclasses levels and lipid parameters in patients with stable angina

Correlations of Cathepsin S with lipoprotein subclasses levels and lipid parameters in patients with stable angina

Association of Apolipoprotein A-V Gene Polymorphisms and Lipid Metabolism in Mongolian Patients with Metabolic Syndrome

Objectives: Our study determined the genetic effect of Apolipoprotein A-V (APOA5) gene polymorphisms on lipid parameters in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: 160 patients with MetS and 144 healthy individuals were selected for the case and control groups, respectively. APOA5 gene polymorphisms (-1131T&gt;C, IVS3+476G&gt;A, c.1177C&gt;T, c.1259T&gt;C) were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. Results: Serum levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride were higher in the MetS group than the control group (p=0.028, p&lt;0.001), while high density lipoprotein levels was lower in the MetS group than the control group (p=0.048). The -1131C allele frequency was higher in the MetS group than the control group (p=0.048). Results of regression analysis showed that APOA5−1131C carriers had increased incidences of MetS (OR=1.87, p=0.010). The frequency of the haplotype C-A-T-C was higher in the MetS group than the control group (p=0.027). In the MetS group, the triglyceride level was significantly higher in the minor allele carriers of -1131T&gt;C, IVS3+476G&gt;A, c.1177C&gt;T. Conclusion: Our results suggest that, among the APOA5 SNPs, the C allele of -1131T&gt;C polymorphism is a risk factor for MetS.

Evaluate the efficacy of Simvastatin and Fluvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia and their effect on liver functions

The study was aimed to evaluate Simvastatin and Fluvastatin effects on patients with hypercholesterolemia. For 6 months, 141 patients administered Simvastatin (GpA), 100 administered Fluvastatin (GpB) and 100 fluctuated between them (GpC). Post treatment, in GpA, Triglycerides, total Bilirubin (T.BIL), Cholesterol and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly reduced. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) elevated reduced in females and elevated in males. T.BIL reduced in both males and females. In GpB, Glutamyltransferase elevated and Cholesterol and LDL reduced. Albumin elevated in females and reduced in males and the opposite in Triglycerides. Significant difference between age groups in Albumin, Globulin, and ALT was found. In GpC, Asprtate Aminotransferase (AST) elevated and ALT, Cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL reduced in all patients. Albumin and ALT elevated in males and reduced in females. Significant difference between age groups in Albumin, T.BIL and AST was found. Fluvastatin or simvastatin had variable effects on lipid parameters in patients with hypercholesterolemia and associated with mild effect on liver. Simvastatin was more effective to reach antihypercholesterolemic goal. Effects were related to gender, age and continuation on the same medication. Patients lab data periodic monitoring during therapy is useful to reach antihypercholesterolemic goal and observe any serious liver parameters elevation.

Concomitant Use of Statins in Tocilizumab-Treated Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Post Hoc Analysis.

IntroductionPatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have decreased survival because of increased cardiovascular risk compared with the general population, and treatment with tocilizumab (TCZ) has been shown to increase lipid levels; however, the relationship between lipids and cardiovascular risk is unknown. This post hoc analysis expanded on previously reported 24-week results by characterizing statin use and subsequent changes in lipid parameters in patients with RA treated with intravenous or subcutaneous TCZ (TCZ-IV or TCZ-SC) over 2 years of treatment.MethodsData were collected from patients with moderate to severe active RA who received ≥1 dose of the study drug in seven international, randomized, double-blind, controlled phase 3 and 4 clinical trials of TCZ-IV or TCZ-SC. Lipid levels and safety events were assessed over 2 years of treatment. Data were summarized for all pooled treatment groups of the intention-to-treat populations in the TCZ-IV and TCZ-SC studies, and results were stratified by concomitant statin use.ResultsData from this descriptive, retrospective, pooled analysis indicated that statins can stabilize lipid levels without a clinically significant increase in adverse events. Approximately 30% of patients in the TCZ treatment arms who never received a statin demonstrated a shift in low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from <130 mg/dl at baseline to ≥130 mg/dl at 2 years. However, despite the increased potential cardiovascular risk, <15% of patients with LDL-C ≥100 mg/dl and <35% of patients with a total cholesterol:high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol ratio >5 at 2 years were receiving concomitant statins.ConclusionConcomitant statin use attenuated TCZ-mediated lipid increases; however, a large proportion of TCZ-treated patients potentially at risk of cardiovascular disease were untreated. These findings highlight the need for better understanding of potential risk associated with TCZ-mediated lipid elevations as well as implementation of RA-specific guidelines on the recognition and management of elevated risk of cardiovascular events in patients with RA.FundingF. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40744-016-0049-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Efficacy and Safety of Cannabidiol and Tetrahydrocannabivarin on Glycemic and Lipid Parameters in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Pilot Study

Cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) are nonpsychoactive phytocannabinoids affecting lipid and glucose metabolism in animal models. This study set out to examine the effects of these compounds in patients with type 2 diabetes. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 62 subjects with noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes were randomized to five treatment arms: CBD (100 mg twice daily), THCV (5 mg twice daily), 1:1 ratio of CBD and THCV (5 mg/5 mg, twice daily), 20:1 ratio of CBD and THCV (100 mg/5 mg, twice daily), or matched placebo for 13 weeks. The primary end point was a change in HDL-cholesterol concentrations from baseline. Secondary/tertiary end points included changes in glycemic control, lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, body weight, liver triglyceride content, adipose tissue distribution, appetite, markers of inflammation, markers of vascular function, gut hormones, circulating endocannabinoids, and adipokine concentrations. Safety and tolerability end points were also evaluated. Compared with placebo, THCV significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (estimated treatment difference [ETD] = -1.2 mmol/L; P < 0.05) and improved pancreatic β-cell function (HOMA2 β-cell function [ETD = -44.51 points; P < 0.01]), adiponectin (ETD = -5.9 × 10(6) pg/mL; P < 0.01), and apolipoprotein A (ETD = -6.02 μmol/L; P < 0.05), although plasma HDL was unaffected. Compared with baseline (but not placebo), CBD decreased resistin (-898 pg/ml; P < 0.05) and increased glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (21.9 pg/ml; P < 0.05). None of the combination treatments had a significant impact on end points. CBD and THCV were well tolerated. THCV could represent a new therapeutic agent in glycemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Lipid-lowering efficacy of the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab (AMG 145) in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of individual patient data

Patients with type 2 diabetes have increased cardiovascular risk. PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies have been shown to reduce LDL cholesterol and other lipids, but specific efficacy for patients with diabetes is unknown. We compared the effect of the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab on lipid parameters in patients with and without type 2 diabetes. We did a random-effects meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials comparing the efficacy of evolocumab, placebo, and ezetimibe to improve lipid parameters in adult patients (age 18-80 years) with or without type 2 diabetes. We searched MEDLINE and Embase to identify eligible 12-week, phase 3 trials published between Jan 1, 2012, and Feb 28, 2015. We excluded trials that included patients who had homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. All analyses were based on individual participant data. We used DerSimonian and Laird random-effects meta-analyses to compare the mean changes from baseline in concentrations of LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoprotein(a), and HDL cholesterol at 12 weeks for evolocumab, placebo, and ezetimibe. We also assessed the effect of evolocumab therapy compared with placebo across subgroups of patients based on glycaemia, insulin use, renal function, and cardiovascular disease status at baseline. Three trials met our inclusion criteria, and included 413 patients with type 2 diabetes and 2119 patients without type 2 diabetes. In patients with type 2 diabetes evolocumab caused mean reductions in LDL cholesterol concentration that were 60% (95% CI 51-69) versus placebo and 39% (32-47) versus ezetimibe. In patients without type 2 diabetes, evolocumab caused mean reductions in LDL cholesterol that were 66% (62-70) versus placebo and 40% (36-45) versus ezetimibe. In patients with type 2 diabetes, evolocumab was associated with reductions in non-HDL cholesterol (55% [47-63] vs placebo and 34% [26-41] vs ezetimibe), total cholesterol (38% [32-44] vs placebo and 24% [16-31] vs ezetimibe), and lipoprotein(a) (31% [25-37] vs placebo and 26% [16-35] vs ezetimibe), and an increase in HDL cholesterol (7% [4-11] vs placebo and 8% [4-13] vs ezetimibe). Findings were similar across diabetes subgroups based on glycaemia, insulin use, renal function, and cardiovascular disease status. Evolocumab markedly reduces atherogenic lipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes, an effect that is consistent across subgroups and similar to that seen in patients without type 2 diabetes. Results from ongoing cardiovascular outcome trials of PCSK9 inhibitors will provide additional data to inform the use of these drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes. Amgen.

Healthy and Unhealthy Dietary Patterns are related to Lipid Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Citation: Noorshahi N, Sotoudeh G, Djalali M, Eshraghian MR, Karimi Z, et al. (2016) Healthy and Unhealthy Dietary Patterns are related to Lipid Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Nutr Health Sci 3(1): 103. doi: 10.15744/2393-9060.3.103 Volume 3 | Issue 1 Journal of Nutrition and Health Sciences

Prospective study of blood lipid parameters in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and its correlation with the glycated hemoglobin

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are accompanied (many a time ignored) by dyslipidemia; such patients are the easy targets for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). An early treatment to normalize abnormal lipid levels can reduce the CVD and related mortality. The aim was to measure blood lipid parameters in patients with T2DM and their relation with the glycemic control. Methods: Prospective study including 124 T2DM patients in the Department of Medicine, Mayo Institute of Medical sciences, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India between January 2016 to June 2016. Brief history, examination and investigations including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), post prandial blood glucose (PPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were done. Correlation was obtained for lipid parameters between patients having HbA1c 0.05). A significant positive correlation was obtained between HbA1c and TC (r=0.216, p=0.016), TG (r=0.269, p=0.003), LDL/HDL ratio (r=0.296, p=0.001), VLDL-C (r=0.235, p=0.009) and non HDL-C (r=0.250, p=0.007) whereas a negative correlation was obtained with HDL-C (r= -0.192, p=0.032). In present study, 21.77% had hypercholesterolemia, 54.83% had low HDL-C level, 32.25% had hypertriglyceridemia and 72.58% patients had high LDL-C level. Conclusions: Type 2 DM is associated with dyslipidemia and both together are the major risk factors for development of cardiovascular disease. There was a positive correlation between HbA1c and abnormal lipid parameters in patients with T2DM.

TIME COURSE OF CHANGES IN BLOOD LIPID PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS DURING TREAT-TO-TARGET ANTIRHEUMATIC THERAPY: ACCORDING TO 18-MONTH FOLLOW-UP FINDINGS

The mechanisms for lowering a cardiovascular risk (CVR) in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) when implementing the treat-to-target strategy remain inadequately investigated. Objective: to estimate the time course of changes in blood lipid parameters in patients with early RA during Treat-totarget antirheumatic therapy at an 18-month follow-up. Subjects and methods. Seventy-four patients (73% women; median age, 56 years) with early RA meeting the respective 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) classification criteria and moderate or high activity (median DAS28-ESR score of 5.4) were examined within the framework of the REMARCA trial. After 6-month treatment, RA activity significantly reduced (p < 0.05). At months 6 to 18, no significant change in RA activity was recorded. After 18 months, remission was observed in 31 (42%) patients: in 17 (55%) on methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy and in 14 (45%) on combined therapy with MTX and a biological agent. Blood lipid levels were determined at inclusion in the investigation, 6 and 18 months later. The values of lipid parameters were estimated in terms of the total CVR. 67.6% of the patients were classified as at very high CVR. At 18 months of treatment, 34 (46%) patients were treated with statins (median atorvastatin and rosuvastatin doses were 10 mg/day each). Results and discussion. Only 12% of the patients had optimal baseline values of just all lipid parameters. The concentration of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) correlated negatively with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, and HAQ (p < 0.05). After 6-month treatment, there were increases in TC by 7%, LDL-C by 12.5%, and HDL-C by 19.7%, and a decrease in the atherogenic index by 16% (p < 0.05). ΔCRP negatively correlated with ΔTC, ΔLDL-C, and ΔHDL-C (r = -0.3; p < 0.05). A correlation of TC and LDL-C with inflammation markers broke off in the presence of lower RA activity; the investigators began recording a relationship of these lipid parameters to traditional CVR factors. Between 6th and 18th month of treatment, there was no significant change in lipid parameters. Statin therapy resulted in no considerable change in lipid concentrations. Conclusion. The level of lipids negatively correlates with disease activity in the patients with early RA. During antirheumatic treatment, the lipid concentrations are more elevated with a more intensive decrease in CRP levels. With lowered RA activity, the level of lipids correlates with traditional CVR factors more strongly than with inflammation markers.