Blood Lipid Metabolism Research Articles

The effect of apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism and Lp(a) levels on coronary artery disease with atrial fibrillation.

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes and blood lipid metabolism on coronary artery disease (CAD) with atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsPatients with suspected CAD were consecutively enrolled and divided into groups with or without CAD and/or AF. Blood lipid levels and APOE genotypes were determined and analysed for associations with CAD and AF.ResultsA total of 2048 patients were included (400 patients without CAD or AF [controls], 126 patients without CAD but with AF, 1294 patients with CAD without AF, and 228 patients with CAD and AF). Age and lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) levels were significantly higher in patients with CAD and AF versus those with CAD without AF. Among patients with CAD, the E3/E3 genotype and ε3 allele frequencies were significantly lower in patients with AF than in those without AF, and the E4/E4 genotype and ε4 allele frequencies were significantly increased. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that increased Lp(a) levels and age were independent risk factors for AF in patients with CAD.ConclusionAmong patients with CAD, those with AF had increased age, ε4 frequencies and Lp(a) levels. Age and Lp(a) levels may be independent risk factors for AF in patients with CAD.

Reducing the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women with Metabolic Syndrome by Dietary Intervention During Early Pregnancy

Objective: The study objective was to explore the clinical observation of reducing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women with metabolic syndrome (MS) by dietary intervention during early pregnancy. Methods: Singleton pregnant women who set early pregnancy filings and had regular prenatal care and delivery at Zengcheng Hospital of Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center of Guangdong Province from January 2020 to June 2021 were screened out according to the diagnostic criteria for MS promulgated by the International Diabetes Federation in 2005. Pregnant women meeting the diagnostic criteria for MS were randomly divided into the intervention group (n = 80) and the control group (n = 80). The changes in the indicators of MS (fasting plasma glucose [FPG], total cholesterol [TC], triglyceride [TG], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], systolic blood pressure [SBP], and diastolic blood pressure [DBP]) in early and late pregnancy were observed, and the incidence of GDM was analyzed. Results: There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in TC, TG, FPG, LDL, HDL, SBP, or DBP of women in early pregnancy between the two groups. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in TC and TG of women in late pregnancy between the two groups. The FPG, LDL, SBP, and DBP of the intervention group were lower than those of the control group, and the HDL of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group, which showed a significant difference in the two groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of GDM in the intervention group was lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Pregnant women with MS before their pregnancy were at a high risk of GDM. Diet and exercise interventions in early pregnancy could improve the indicators of their blood metabolism and lipid metabolism, which could effectively reduce the incidence of GDM and thus improve the adverse pregnancy outcome and ensure the safety of the mothers and the infants.

Changes of Blood Lipid Metabolism in Elderly Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer and Its Clinical Significance

Changes of Blood Lipid Metabolism in Elderly Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer and Its Clinical Significance

Influence of In Ovo Leptin Injection into Yolk Sac on Embryo Development, Blood Biochemical Parameters and Lipid Metabolism of Broiler Chicks during Early Post-Hatching Period

The study aimed to investigate the effect of in ovo (IO) leptin injection on yolk sac leptin concentration, embryo development, blood lipid metabolism, and biochemical parameters of broiler chicks during the early post-hatching period. Hatching eggs were weighed and placed in an incubator with 100 eggs/4 replications/group. The groups were: non-injected group (C); and 3 injected groups with 100 μl of phosphate buffer solution (PBS); 0.5 μl leptin (L0.5), and 1 μl leptin (L1) in 100 μl of PBS. Pure leptin hormone dissolved in PBS was injected into the yolk sac on day 7 of incubation. Yolk/yolk sac leptin concentrations at the onset of incubation, on days 7 and 15 of incubation, and at hatching were determined. Embryo/chick development was determined at all ages. Serum leptin, tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), creatine kinase, total protein, uric acid, and lipid profiles were measured at hatching and day 7 of chick age. The leptin level of the yolk was similar to the leptin level of the yolk sac at hatching. Leptin level of a yolk sac was higher on 7th day than at other ages. IO injection* age was significant for serum leptin level, which was similar to one-day chicks in the L0.5 at day 7 of chick age. T3, T4, creatine kinase, uric acid, lipid profiles, and embryo/chick development did not change with IO leptin. Serum HDL level was higher in the leptin groups than C and PBS groups at hatching. IO leptin application affects blood lipid metabolism depending on dose level for male broiler chicks at the early post-hatch period, without affecting embryo/chick development.Leptin level of yolk was similar to leptin level of yolk sac at hatching. Leptin level of yolk sac was higher on 7th day than other ages. IO injection* age was significant for serum leptin level, which was similar to one-day chicks in the L0.5 at day 7 of chick age. T3, T4, creatine kinase, uric acid, lipid profiles, and embryo/chick development did not change with IO leptin. Serum HDL level was higher in the leptin groups than C and PBS groups at hatching. IO leptin application affects blood lipid metabolism depending on dose level for male broiler chicks at early post-hatch period, without affecting embryo/chick development.

Integration Profiling Between Plasma Lipidomics, Epstein-Barr Virus and Clinical Phenomes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients.

Plasma lipidomics has been commonly used for biomarker discovery. Studies in cancer have suggested a significant alteration of circulating metabolite profiles which is correlated with cancer characteristics and treatment outcome. However, the lipidomics characteristics of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) have rarely been studied. We previously described the phenomenon of lipid droplet accumulation in NPC cells and showed that such accumulation could be regulated by latent infection of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Here, we compared the plasma lipidome of NPC patients to that of healthy controls by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). We found 19 lipids (e.g., phosphatidylinositols 18:0/20:4 and 18:0/18:2 and free fatty acid 22:6) to be remarkably decreased, whereas 2 lipids (i.e., diacylglycerols 16:0/16:1 and 16:0/20:3) to be increased, in the plasma of NPC patients, compared with controls. Different lipid profiles were also observed between patients with different titers of EBV antibodies (e.g., EA-IgA and VCA-IgA) as well as between patients with and without lymph node or distant organ metastasis. In conclusion, plasma lipidomics might help to differentiate NPC cases from controls, whereas EBV infection might influence the risk and prognosis of NPC through modulating lipid metabolism in both tumor cells and peripheral blood.

The Location of Missense Variants in the Human GIP Gene Is Indicative for Natural Selection.

The intestinal hormone, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), is involved in important physiological functions, including postprandial blood glucose homeostasis, bone remodeling, and lipid metabolism. While mutations leading to physiological changes can be identified in large-scale sequencing, no systematic investigation of GIP missense variants has been performed. Here, we identified 168 naturally occurring missense variants in the human GIP genes from three independent cohorts comprising ~720,000 individuals. We examined amino acid changing variants scattered across the pre-pro-GIP peptide using in silico effect predictions, which revealed that the sequence of the fully processed GIP hormone is more protected against mutations than the rest of the precursor protein. Thus, we observed a highly species-orthologous and population-specific conservation of the GIP peptide sequence, suggestive of evolutionary constraints to preserve the GIP peptide sequence. Elucidating the mutational landscape of GIP variants and how they affect the structural and functional architecture of GIP can aid future biological characterization and clinical translation.

Effect of Siberian Ginseng Water Extract as a Dietary Additive on Growth Performance, Blood Biochemical Indexes, Lipid Metabolism, and Expression of PPARs Pathway-Related Genes in Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Overnutrition in high-density aquaculture can negatively affect the health of farmed fish. The Chinese herbal medicine Siberian ginseng (Acanthopanax senticosus, AS) can promote animal growth and immunity, and regulate lipid metabolism. Therefore, we conducted an 8-week experiment, in which Oreochromis niloticus was fed with a diet supplemented with different concentrations of AS water extract (ASW) (0‰, 0.1‰, 0.2‰, 0.4‰, 0.8‰, and 1.6‰). The ASW improved the growth performance and increased the specific growth rate (SGR). Linear regression analysis based on the SGR estimated that the optimal ASW amount was 0.74‰. Dietary supplementation with 0.4–0.8‰ ASW reduced the triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the serum and liver, and regulated lipid transport by increasing the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration and lowering the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration. Dietary supplementation with ASW increased the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the liver, thereby improving the antioxidant capacity. Moreover, ASW modulated the transcription of genes in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway in the liver (upregulation of PPARα, APOA1b, and FABP10a and downregulation of PPARγ), thereby regulating fatty acid synthesis and metabolism and slowing fat deposition. These results showed that 0.4–0.8‰ ASW can slow fat deposition and protected the liver from cell damage and abnormal lipid metabolism.

Effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment on blood inflammatory parameters, glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) is the most essential part of periodontal treatment. Most patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can achieve a satisfying outcome by NSPT. For these patients, NSPT can not only improve clinical periodontal parameters significantly and decrease the serum inflammatory status,but also improve glucose and lipid metabolism to some extent. Thus, NSPT is of great significance in preventing or retarding the progress of T2DM or even its complications. However, the special general condition of T2DM makes NSPT effects on periodontitis patients partially differ from those without systemic diseases. Therefore, the special characteristic led by T2DM should be taken into account in the decision and implementation of treatment plans for periodontitis patients. This paper will review the above issues mainly based on the studies of our research group.

RETN Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Profile on Triglyceride-Glucose Index as Insulin Resistance Proxy Among Cohort Population of Non-Communicable Diseases in Bogor

Genetic factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are thought to contribute to the increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) through insulin resistance. SNPs in the RETN (resistin) gene encoding the resistin protein have been reported to play a role in causing abnormalities in blood glucose and lipid metabolism. Still, studies related to this have rarely been explored in cohort population models. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of resistin gene SNPs to the trend of the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) as a proxy for insulin resistance. The data were obtained from the results of the biomedical laboratory examination among participants of a cohort study in the Kebon Kalapa subdistrict, Bogor, every odd year period between 2015-2021 and from RETN genotyping (rs3745367). The generalized linear model (GLM) repeated measurement technique was used with the TyG index value as the dependent variable. The results of the GLM analysis showed that although there was a significant difference in the trend of the TyG index between the observation periods [F(2,87, 1671,1)=41,10, p-value <0.001], that’s not the case for RETN gene SNP [F(5,73, 1671,1) = 1.09, p-value = 0.367]. However, the multivariate test results suggested the association of these SNPs with age and DM status [F(4, 583)=2.48, p-value = 0.043]. In conclusion, RETN gene SNPs may require interaction with other factors or genes to induce insulin resistance or act by indirect glucose–fatty acid metabolic cycle mechanisms.

The effects of prenatal dietary supplements on blood glucose and lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol of randomized controlled trials.

Several randomized controlled trials (RCT) investigated antenatal dietary supplements' effect on gestational diabetes mellitus patients' fasting plasma glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin levels, homeostasis model assessment of- insulin resistance and β-cell function, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index for glucose, high-, low-, and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, total cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein ratio. However, an efficacy comparison across various dietary supplements and their co-supplements are unavailable for these outcomes. Therefore, a systematic review protocol is proposed here to make a network meta-analysis (NMA)-based juxtaposition across the following dietary supplements- vitamins, Myo-inositol, choline, minerals, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and omega-3 fatty acids. A database search will ensue in the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases for RCTs testing the above, irrespective of their geographical origin. Data on population characteristics, compared interventions, and outcomes of interest will get abstracted from the studies included in the proposed review. Each of the reviewed studies will get appraised using the revised Cochrane tool. For each outcome, the comparative efficacy across interventions will be estimated in weighted or standardized mean difference using the frequentist method NMA and presented with their 95% confidence interval using league tables. By constructing network maps and comparison-adjusted funnel plots, a visual assessment of the inter-interventional relation and publication bias in each NMA model will happen, respectively. The best-ranked intervention prediction for respective outcomes will transpire using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve values. The Stata statistical software (version 16) will be used for analysis, and statistical significance will be determined at p<0.05 and 95% confidence interval. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020214378.

Pomegranate peel polyphenols alleviate insulin resistance through the promotion of insulin signaling pathway in skeletal muscle of metabolic syndrome rats

Insulin resistance (IR) has been considered to be an important causative factor of metabolic syndrome (MetS). The present study investigated whether pomegranate peel polyphenols (PPPs) could prevent the development of MetS by improving IR in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed high fat diet (HFD) to induce MetS and supplemented with different dosages of PPPs for 12 weeks. The results showed that HFD-induced insulin resistant rats had disordered metabolism of blood glucose, blood lipid, and terrible muscle fiber morphology when compared with normal diet-fed rats, but PPPs treatment at a dosage of 300 mg/kg·day significantly reversed these negative effects. Moreover, in skeletal muscle tissue of insulin resistant rats, PPPs treatments significantly increased the protein expressions of insulin receptor (InsR) and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), stimulated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT/PKB) signaling pathway, and aggrandized the protein levels of phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4). Our results suggest that PPPs possess of the beneficial effects on alleviating IR by enhancing insulin sensitivity and regulating glucose metabolism.

Effect of Washed Microbiota Transplantation on Patients With Dyslipidemia in South China.

Background and AimsAlthough the manual crude fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) reduces blood lipids in animal models of hyperlipidemia, its clinical effect on blood lipid metabolism in patients with hyperlipidemia and hypolipidemia remains unclear, especially in the Chinese population. It was reported that washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) was safer, more precise, and more quality-controllable than the crude FMT by manual. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of WMT on lipid metabolism in the Chinese population.MethodsClinical data of patients with various indications who received WMT for 1–3 treatment procedures were collected. Changes in blood lipids before and after WMT, namely, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), liver fat attenuation, and liver stiffness measurement, were compared.ResultsA total of 177 patients (40 cases of hyperlipidemia, 87 cases with normal blood lipids, and 50 cases of hypolipidemia) were enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University. WMT has a significant therapeutic effect in reducing blood lipid levels (TC and TG) in the short- and medium term in patients with hyperlipidemia (p <0.05). Hyper blood lipid decreased to normal in the short-term (35.14%; p <0.001), and LDL-C changed to normal in the medium term (33.33%; p = 0.013). In the hypolipidemia group, 36.36% and 47.06% changed to normal in the short-term (p = 0.006) and medium term (p = 0.005) of therapeutic effects based on blood lipid levels. In the normal blood lipid group and the low-risk group of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the change was not statistically significant, indicating that WMT does not increase the risk of blood lipid and ASCVD in the long-term.ConclusionsWMT treatment changes blood lipids in patients with hyperlipidemia and hypolipidemia without serious adverse events, with no risk for increasing blood lipids and ASCVD in the long-term. There were significant decreased TC, TG, and LDL-C levels in the medium term of WMT treatment for hyperlipidemia. Therefore, the regulation of gut microbiota by WMT may indicate a new clinical method for the treatment of dyslipidemia.

Statement of Retraction: 1,25(OH)2D3 improves blood lipid metabolism, liver function, and atherosclerosis by constraining the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in rats with hyperlipidemia

This article refers to:RETRACTED ARTICLE: 1,25(OH)2D3 improves blood lipid metabolism, liver function, and atherosclerosis by constraining the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in rats with hyperlipidemia

The Therapeutic Effect of Coriolus versicolor Fruiting Body on STZ-Induced ICR Diabetic Mice.

Coriolus versicolor is a natural drugs which has many pharmacological effects such as antitumor and enhanced immune activity. This paper studies the therapeutic effect of Coriolus versicolor fruiting body (CVFB) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) diabetic mice, the STZ solution was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 150 mg/kg after fasting the mice, and ICR mice with fasting blood glucose >16.7 mmol/l were selected for research. Metformin was the positive control, and the dose of CVFB powder (1000 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, and 4000 mg/kg) for 28 consecutive days by gavage. The serum and liver of mice were collected for relevant index content testing. The results showed that CVFB can control or reduce the fasting blood glucose of mice and accelerate the rate of glucose metabolism, can reduce the levels of total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in mice, and regulate the abnormal symptoms of blood lipid metabolism commonly found in diabetes. It can increase the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) antioxidant enzymes and enhance the ability of antioxidative stress in diabetic mice. In the H&E staining and apoptosis experiments of pancreatic tissue, CVFB can greatly reduce the inflammatory factors present in islets, increase the islet cells, and reduce the apoptotic rate caused by diabetes. All data confirmed the therapeutic effect of CVFB on diabetic ICR mice. The present study provides a scientific basis for the development of drugs for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, it is of great significance to the in-depth study of Coriolus versicolor.

Clinical Features and Vitreous Biomarkers of Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

PurposeTo compare the clinical features and vitreous biomarkers of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) between patients with early-onset and late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Materials and MethodsThis case-control study analyzed the clinical data of 74 patients with PDR who underwent vitrectomy. The patients were divided into the early-onset (T2DM diagnosis age ≤ 40 years, n = 39) and late-onset (T2DM diagnosis age > 40 years, n = 35) groups. Thirty-six specimens were collected, and the liquid chip technology was used to detect the content of 27 types of cytokines in the vitreous. Differences in clinical features and cytokine levels between the two groups were evaluated. Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons.ResultsCompared with the late-onset group, the levels of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and total cholesterol were significantly higher in the early-onset group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.009, respectively). Patients with early-onset T2DM PDR had worse visual prognoses and a higher rate of postoperative recurrent vitreous hemorrhage. The results of cytokine detection showed that the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interferon-γ, interferon-inducible 10 kDa, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, and MIP-1β in the early-onset group were significantly higher than those in the late-onset group (p < 0.0026). Age at diabetes diagnosis and HbA1c, IL-4, and regulated upon activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted levels were independent risk factors for visual acuity after undergoing vitrectomy.ConclusionEarly-onset T2DM PDR patients had poor blood glucose and lipid metabolism, higher levels of inflammatory factors, and worse visual prognosis. Stricter metabolic management and earlier anti-inflammatory interventions may be required for patients with early-onset T2DM.

The Cardiovascular and Metabolic Effects of Chronic Hypoxia in Animal Models: A Mini-Review.

Animal models are useful to understand the myriad physiological effects of hypoxia. Such models attempt to recapitulate the hypoxemia of human disease in various ways. In this mini-review, we consider the various animal models which have been deployed to understand the effects of chronic hypoxia on pulmonary and systemic blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, and stroke. Chronic sustained hypoxia (CSH)—a model of chronic lung or heart diseases in which hypoxemia may be longstanding and persistent, or of high altitude, in which effective atmospheric oxygen concentration is low—reliably induces pulmonary hypertension in rodents, and appears to have protective effects on glucose metabolism. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has long been used as a model of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), in which recurrent airway occlusion results in intermittent reductions in oxyhemoglobin saturations throughout the night. CIH was first shown to increase systemic blood pressure, but has also been associated with other maladaptive physiological changes, including glucose dysregulation, atherosclerosis, progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and endothelial dysfunction. However, models of CIH have generally been implemented so as to mimic severe human OSA, with comparatively less focus on milder hypoxic regimens. Here we discuss CSH and CIH conceptually, the effects of these stimuli, and limitations of the available data.

Metabolic syndrome and losartan treatment effects in adult and pubertal rats

Introduction: Comparative estimation of losartan treatment effects in adult and pubertal rats with metabolic syndrome (MS). Material and methods: MS model was induced by full replacement of drinking water with 20% fructose solution at Wistar male rats of two age categories: young animals of 21–23 days age (50–70 g) and adults (160–180 g). Clinical hematology and biochemistry tests, blood pressure measurement, chromatin DNA fragmentation, and liver morphological investigations were carried out after 60 days of MS modeling and losartan treatment. Results: Effects of losartan on blood clotting time, lipid metabolism, and DNA fragmentation were more pronounced in pubertal rats, while more profound influence on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) contents, pancreas, and visceral fat relative weights was found in adults. Conclusions: In pubertal and adult rats with MS, losartan effects were age-dependent for lipid metabolism indices, blood clotting time, nuclear DNA fragmentation, relative organs weights, and liver morphologic structure. Losartan treatment normalized blood pressure independently of age, while its effects on other parameters in adults and young rats differed not only in their degree of manifestation but also in their very nature.

Application Value of Predictive Model Based on Maternal Coagulation Function and Glycolipid Metabolism Indicators in Early Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

ObjectiveTo investigate whether first-trimester fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood coagulation function and lipid metabolism could predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk.MethodsFrom October 2020 to May 2021, a total of 584 pregnant women who took prenatal care in Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital were chosen as the observation subjects. The clinical information and serum samples of all pregnant women were collected at 10–13 weeks of gestation and the blood coagulation function, fasting blood glucose and lipid profiles of the pregnant women were detected. A 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed up to 24–28 weeks of gestation. One hundred forty-two pregnant women with GDM and 442 pregnant women without GDM were detected. Data were expressed by x ± s or median (interquartile range) and were analyzed using student's t-test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and Logistic regression analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to analyze the predictive values.ResultsCompared with non-GDM group, age, pre-pregnancy BMI, FPG, FIB, D-Dimer, FDP, FPG, TC, TG, LDL-C, sdLDL-C, APOB and APOE in GDM group were significantly higher than those in non-GDM group, while PT, INR, APTT and TT were significantly lower than those in non-GDM group. Univariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors of GDM. Gestational age, pre-pregnancy BMI, FPG, PT, INR, APTT, FIB, TT, D-Dimer, TC, TG, LDL-C, sdLDL-C, APOB and APOE were all independent predictors of GDM. Multivariatelogistic regression showed that pre-pregnancy BMI, FPG, APTT, TT, TG, LDL-C, sdLDL-C and APOB were risk factors for GDM. The AUC of the established GDM risk prediction model was 0.892 (0.858–0.927), and the sensitivity and specificity were 80.71 and 86.85%, respectively; which were greater than that of pre-pregnancy BMI, FPG, APTT, TT,TG, LDL-C, sdLDL-C, APOB alone, and the difffference was statistically signifificant (P < 0.05).ConclusionsFPG, APTT, TT, TG, LDL-C, sdLDL-C, APOB and pre-pregnancy BMI in early pregnancy has important clinical value for the prediction of GDM, We combined these laboratory indicators and established a GDM risk prediction model, which is conducive to the early identification, intervention and treatment of GDM, so as to reduce the morbidity of maternal and infant complications.

Long-term PM0.1 exposure and human blood lipid metabolism: New insight from the 33-community study in China

Ambient particles with aerodynamic diameter <0.1 μm (PM0.1) have been suggested to have significant health impact. However, studies on the association between long-term PM0.1 exposure and human blood lipid metabolism are still limited. This study was aimed to evaluate such association based on multiple lipid biomarkers and dyslipidemia indicators. We matched the 2006–2009 average PM0.1 concentration simulated using the neural-network model following the WRF-Chem model with the clinical and questionnaire data of 15,477 adults randomly recruited from 33 communities in Northeast China in 2009. After controlling for social demographic and behavior confounders, we assessed the association of PM0.1 concentration with multiple lipid biomarkers and dyslipidemia indicators using generalized linear mixed-effect models. Effect modification by various social demographic and behavior factors was examined. We found that each interquartile range increase in PM0.1 concentration was associated with a 5.75 (95% Confidence interval, 3.24–8.25) mg/dl and a 6.05 (2.85–9.25) mg/dl increase in the serum level of total cholesterol and LDL-C, respectively. This increment was also associated with an odds ratio of 1.25 (1.10–1.42) for overall dyslipidemias, 1.41 (1.16, 1.73) for hypercholesterolemia, and 1.90 (1.39, 2.61) for hyperbetalipoproteinemia. Additionally, we found generally greater effect estimates among the younger participants and those with lower income or with certain behaviors such as high-fat diet. The deleterious effect of long-term PM0.1 exposure on lipid metabolism may make it an important toxic chemical to be targeted by future preventive strategies.

The Impact of Functional Bars and Adapted Physical Activity on Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Pilot Study.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a public health problem because it is characterized by several comorbidities, including uremic sarcopenia (US), and a poor quality of life. Currently, there are no standardized treatments available to counteract the onset of US but only some possible therapeutic approaches to slow its progression. The aim of this pilot study is to collect descriptive data in order to design a clinical trial based on the power analysis and simple size. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the possible beneficial action induced by the functional anti-inflammatory and antioxidant bars in combination with the adapted physical activity (APA), on the onset and progression of US and other related-CKD comorbidities. We enrolled 21 CKD patients under conservative therapy, divided into four groups: (A) the physical exercise program (PEP), three times a week, in combination with the daily consumption of the two functional bars group; (B) the PEP group; (C) the daily consumption of the two functional bars group; (D) the control group. The duration of the study protocol was 12 weeks. We observed an improvement trend of body composition, blood pressure levels, lipid metabolism, and functional test in A and B groups. These preliminary data would seem to confirm the effectiveness of APA and to demonstrate the additive role of the natural bioactive compound’s assumption in countering US and other CKD comorbidities.