Linguistic Thinking Research Articles

Associative field of the concept “power” in the social consciousness of young Ukrainians

Introduction: The concept of “power” is a fundamental element of social consciousness, shaping the worldviews and actions of individuals and collectives. Understanding how this concept is constructed and perceived within a particular linguistic and cultural community offers insights into the nation’s historical development and future trajectories.Objective: to investigate the associative field of the concept "power" in the mentality of young Ukrainians aged 17-20, elucidating the conceptual features of this social phenomenon that have emerged in the linguistic thinking of the country’s new generation.Methods: The main method employed was a free associative experiment with 100 participants aged 17-20, complemented by content analysis of a corpus of Ukrainian journalistic texts. Mathematical calculations established quantitative ratios, while descriptive methods facilitated result presentation.Results: The fundamental associative reactions of the notion were identified through analysis as follows: democratic, governing, state, money, and Verkhovna Rada. The youth’s practical, pragmatic perspective of power is suggested by a higher proportion of conceptual and figurative linkages over evaluative ones. Concentration in an elected body, democratic underpinnings, administrative responsibilities, political party and oligarch influence, and corruption were among the key philosophical elements. Disparities from the public conversation surfaced, including attributions of impunity, conflict, slyness, and indifference.Conclusion: The research exposed young Ukrainians’ critical evaluations of authority, which acknowledged the necessity of social supervision but denounced the institution’s ties to political parties and corrupt tendencies. Extensive research on national mindset is essential to precisely predict state-building orientations and processes in an independent Ukraine

The Effectiveness of the Generative Learning Model to Develop Audio Comprehension Skills and Language Thinking Skills among Primary School Students

The study aimed to verify the effectiveness of the generative learning model in developing audio comprehension skills and linguistic thinking; to achieve the objective of the study, the researcher used the semi-experimental approach, based on the design of the experimental and control groups, and the researcher also identified a list of audio comprehension skills and a list of linguistic thinking skills appropriate for sixth grade primary students, in the light of which an achievement test for audio comprehension skills and a linguistic thinking test were built, and two research materials were designed: The teacher's guide and the student's educational activities booklet; After the researcher verified the validity and stability of the two study tools, they were applied to the study sample consisting of (66) students. After processing the data statistically, the study found statistically significant differences at a level of significance less or equal to (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group and the control group in the total dimensional test of audio comprehension skills and linguistic thinking, in favor of the experimental group, and the study also provided a number of recommendations and suggestions in light of the results of the study reached.

Imagery-Focused Therapy for Visual Hallucinations: A Case Series.

Visual hallucinations (VH) are more common than previously thought and are linked to higher levels of distress and disability in people with a psychotic illness. Despite this, scant attention has been given to VHs in the clinical literature, and the few therapy case series of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) published to date have not demonstrated reliable change. In other areas of clinical research, problematic mental imagery has been found to be more strongly related to negative affect in psychological disorders than negative linguistic thinking, and imagery focused techniques have commonly been found to improve the outcomes in CBT trials. Given VHs have many similarities with visual mental imagery and many of the distressing beliefs associated with VHs targeted in CBT are maintained by accompanying mental imagery (i.e., imaging a hallucinated figure attacking them), it seems plausible that an imagery-focused approach to treating VHs may be most effective. The current study is a multiple baseline case series (N = 11) of a 10-session imagery-focused therapy for VH in a transdiagnostic sample. The study had good attendance and feedback, no adverse events and only one [seemly unrelated] drop-out, suggesting good feasibility, safety and acceptability. The majority of clients reported reduction on both full-scale measures (administered at 3 baselines, midtherapy, posttherapy and 3-month follow-up) and weekly measures of VH severity and distress, ranging from medium to large effect sizes. The case series suggests that an imagery-focused approach to treating VHs may be beneficial, with a recommendation for more rigorous clinical trials to follow.

Technology of multilingual skills formation of schoolchildren of the basic comprehensive school in the conditions of an additional modular general educational program “Linguistic Workshop”

Importance. The problem of the formation of a multilingual student’s personality is important and relevant for modern language education. The purpose of the study is to propose a technology for the formation of multilingual skills of schoolchildren (grades 5-9) based on a modular general development program for the study of languages and cultures in an additional training course.Research Methods. Based on scientific literature theoretical analysis, the refined concept of “modular general educational program of additional education” as a means of multilingual skills forming of schoolchildren is presented. It is proved that a prerequisite for the multilingual skills formation of schoolchildren is their awareness of the value of their multilingual development, upbringing and development of a multilingual personality based on mastering socially significant experience, which is embodied in language knowledge and skills, language and speech activity. The main methods of polylinguistic skills’ formation are: comparative, communicative, method of control and self-control.Results and Discussion. It is revealed and substantiated that the use of a modular general development program in an additional training course will allow developing the student’s multilingual personality, its linguistic thinking, and language ability, which arouses great interest in the didactic possibilities of the proposed technology.Conclusion. The application of the research results can contribute to the development of new directions in linguodidactics and the design of an effective multilingual school environment.

Intertestualità dantesca in Electric Light (2001) di Seamus Heaney

ABSTRACT Critics have often acknowledged Dante’s influence on the poetry of Seamus Heaney, winner of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Literature. During the conflict in Northern Ireland, Dante’s political and linguistic thinking showed Heaney a way of cultural reconciliation between the British and Gaelic traditions. From the early 1970s to the late 1990s, political (dis)harmony, linguistic unity, faith and poetics are some of his major themes, often explored through the reworking of passages from the Commedia. After the end of the Troubles in 1998, Dante’s poetry may have taken on a new significance for the Irish author. This article therefore aims to explore Dantean intertextuality in Heaney’s first peacetime collection, Electric Light (2001). Through the revival of settings, themes and motifs (particularly in the remake of ‘Guido, i’ vorrei’), Dante’s presence seems to act as an analytical lens that shapes the poetic self, filters his literary experience, and redefines descriptive imagery.

조선·근대시기 연하장의 종류와 설날 인사 풍속연구

This paper studied the New Year's card(年賀狀, Yeonhajang), one of the representative customs of Lunar New Year. The New Year's card is a writing expression of New Year's blessings in accordance with a certain style, and it is a culture that contains the linguistic thinking of Koreans who consider the language itself to have divine power. The hajeon(賀箋) presented to the king from Jeongjo Harye(正朝賀禮) during the Joseon Dynasty can also be said to be a New Year's card of this era. First, how to write a hajeon is written in the order of (1)a story about nature and the season, (2)a content that praises the king, and (3)a concluding word that celebrates the new year. Documents posted by officials or low-ranking people to their superiors show a similar structure. In addition, sending a New Year's card appears to be a major annual event in the execution of public affairs. Next, the document life style and Lunar New Year holiday customs, which became common in the late Joseon Dynasty, were also dealt with lightly. In addition, the relatively common New Year's greeting customs, Seham(歲銜)and Munanbi (問安婢) were reviewed.
 The documents containing New Year's greetings in the next modern period focused on a collection of letters and practical book. In these popular books, it was confirmed that the pre-modern method continued to affect moderntimes. However, through the scope of sending and receiving letters, the expanded social network could be identified, and there were parts that could capture fragmentary but new changes in the times. The Lunar New Year custom that attracts attention in the modern period is the appearance of “Yeonhajang”. With the introduction of the postal system, the custom of sending greeting cards begins to revitalize. In addition, the New Year's greeting “謹賀新年(Happy New Year)” is also a new term that emerges in modern times. 謹賀新年 a short phrase used in Japanese 年賀狀, later flowed into Joseon and began to become popular as a phrase representing New Year's celebrations.

TRANSLATION ACTIVITY AND LINGUISTIC THINKING AS A SYSTEM OF HARMONIOUS METHODS FOR IDENTIFYING THE STRUCTURE AND THE CONTENT OF PSYCHO-LINGUISTIC ELEMENTS OF THE TEXT

The purpose of our research is to display translation activity and linguistic thinking as a system of harmonious methods for identifying the structure and the content of psycho-linguistic elements of the text.
 It was shown, that understanding of translation activity allows us to consider the issues, which were the most important for our research in a different way. What it is important is not the distinction of objects of the translation, but the formation of technology for the purpose of constructing translation objects (events, realities, and images), their semantic (semiotic) specification, the discovery of a universal translation algorithm, and the expansion of the methodological base for translation operations. The detection of such operations, their psycholinguistic analysis and structuring become quite important for the development of translation competence of the individual, which is one of the leading factors of active translation activity. In addition, it allows us to consider the process of translation at the level of diachrony and synchrony the text, as a process of generation, use and forgetting of translation techniques, bringing the translation activity closer to the interpretive theory of translation. Within the limits of the latter, it becomes possible for us to define the content of concepts, which are important for translation activity, such as a point of view, composition, a plot and a fable, connotative repertoire, strong positions (semantic milestones) and key words, meanings, senses and representations, referential and text situations, modal worlds of the author, reader’s and text’s expression from the point of view of their interconnection and interpenetration.
 We define linguistic thinking as a system of methods for purposefully identifying the structure and the content of linguistic elements, analyzing the peculiarities of their relationships, revealing the specifics of phonetic, lexical, grammatical and other phenomena and the laws of the language that are being learned. The formation of linguistic thinking ensures a high-quality solution to professional tasks and becomes a necessary condition for the person’s conscious and systematic mastery of a foreign language. So, from our point of view, linguistic thinking involves a thorough examination and study of the language as a system. As a result, this approach requires a detailed analysis of the structure of the language, its mechanisms and principles of the formation from the side of subjects of learning.

Phraseologisms in Dmytro Dontsov’s works as manifestations of Ukrainian identity

D. Dontsov fills Ukrainian journalism with various idioms, some of which are established in the language system (ancient, Latin, Ukrainian, and foreign expressions, etc.), others are partially known to the reader (partly author’s), and still others he creates himself, that is, they are author’s. The work aims to analyze various types of phraseology in the works of D. Dontsov, which is a manifestation of his original thinking. It is proposed to consider and introduce into the Ukrainian political style those author’s phraseology unknown to the recipients. The functional, informational- semantic, descriptive, discursive, contextual and observational methods were used in the article. The source base of the article is the 10-volume edition of the thinker’s heritage and separate printed works. D. Dontsov’s authorial phraseologisms form numerous microfields concerning the establishment of an independent state, ideology, demonstration of struggle and education of character. The study proves that Dontsov’s phraseology reproduces his extraordinary linguistic thinking and create the recognizable idiostyle of a great publicist.

MYTHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW (THE MOON AND THE SUN IN PHRASEOLOGY)

In the focus of the article there is the problem of hidden mythological seman- tics of lexical (more broadly — phraseological) units in the Slavic and Germanic (English) languages. Often the lack of proper attention to this problem leads to inaccurate, inappropriate, superficial translation or to incorrect assessment of certain fragments of folklore texts of various genres in their ethnolinguistic study. Being «erased» on the surface of linguistic consciousness, which in the course of evolution has developed new stereotypes, the structures of mythological think- ing are often preserved at the level of lexical semantics and in the semantics of phraseological units. The mythological plane of the semantics of linguistic units is an important level of such a complex object of linguistics as the linguistic picture of the world, since it largely determines the specificity and originality of linguistic thinking, while remaining implicit, hidden behind the everyday, habitual meaning. On the example of microtexts (established figurative phrases) with two oppo- site ancient concepts «the moon» and «the sun», the commonality and difference in the mythological semantics of the units of the Slavic and English languages are shown. The relevant differential features of the Slavic and Germanic worldviews are emphasized.

Children’s analogism in the acquisition of morphology as a reflection of linguistic thinking

Abstract The paper presents psycholinguistic personal case study in its character. It focuses on the analogous (hypergeneralizing) formation of nouns and verbs in the ontogenesis of children’s speech through the prism of linguistic principles. The basic research material is diary entries of 364 grammatical forms of two children aged 1;10 – 2;7 years and 3;8 – 4;5 years (recorded during the ten months in 2017), which are incompatible with the literary norm of the Slovak language. The basic starting point was the hypothesis that agrammatic forms in children’s speech can be categorized and explained on the basis of natural language principles, whose application presupposes a certain level in the development and functioning of logical and thought operations and the cognitive system as such. The analysis of research material enabled us to generalize certain tendencies in the ontogenesis of the morphological system in children, which lead to structural iconism, uniform symbolization, systemicity and unification of the word-formation basis. The application of the principles in children’s speech has proved to be specific – the child applies in his speech mainly the principles of analogy, naturalness and dominance. The limit of the presented longitudinal research is the small number of respondents and the very nature of the research problem, whose solution requires intensive contact with the child subject, a longer period of time and more extensive research material.

Impact Of Arabic Language Academies And Their Foundations On Community Service/ أثر مجامع اللغة العربية ومؤسساتها في خدمة المجتمع

This research is a descriptive approach that studies the impact of linguistic academies and institutions concerned with the Arabic language on both the local and the Arab communities. The boundaries of the study are the linguistic academies in Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Algeria, Syria, and other linguistic institutions; it aims to monitor the goals of the academies and institutions and to show their relationship with society, in addition, to highlight the areas of cooperation between them, to present the areas in which community can be served, and to identify the core obstacles facing these academies and institutions in their linguistic mission. Therefore, the research answers an important question: Is there an impact of Arabic linguistic academies and institutions on the local and Arab community? The sample of study adopted by the research was all the Arab academies, the most prominent of which are the Iraqi, Syrian, Jordanian, Egyptian, Saudi, and Algerian Arabic language academies, by tracking their websites and printed books and collecting the topics they published, and have a direct relationship with the local and Arab community. The most important goals of these academies are to preserve the integrity of the Arabic language, to take care of new terms and Arabize them, to establish linguistic issues, to monitor the reality of the Arabic language, and to make linguistic dictionaries. One of the aspects of the relationship between the academies and the community is through carrying out linguistic projects, communicating with it, and holding courses and competitions for it. The research clarified the most significant obstacles that affect this relationship, the most important of which are low financial resources, the rarity of linguistic experts, and media weakness. The research concludes with the need to break the elite control of linguistic academies and institutions and to expand the integration of human potentials that serve the Arabic language so that there are multiple windows of influence and the need to involve segments of society in linguistic thinking, its problems, ways to solve it and to pay attention to computational, psychological, social, political linguistics, by offering courses, programs, and diplomas that assist national plans for human development.

Metaphoric, metonymic and psychotic somatoform dissociation

The present paper seeks to propose, using a combination of psychoanalytic and linguistic thinking, a distinction between three degrees of symbolicity across the somatoform dissociative continuum: the metaphorical, in which there is a symbolic connection between the somatoform phenomenon and the traumatic content, the metonymic, which constitutes a revival of the traumatic experience without the ability to reflect on it, and the psychotic, in which the somatoform phenomenon is experienced as ego-syntonic, thus neither causes distress nor evokes thinking. Three clinical vignettes demonstrate how the higher the degree of symbolization, the more effective the therapeutic process. Finally, a fourth vignette demonstrates how acoustic association in the therapist's countertransference can constitute an antidote to the patient's acoustic dissociation, allowing the reclaiming of the capacity for linking.

Formation and Development of Scientific Knowledge and Research to the Use of Natural Technologies

The human race came from one blood (Acts 17: 26). The abilities of the soul and spirit of each person are laid down by the Creator for research. The human spirit reflects and fixes the qualitative properties of the perceived environment. The human mind cognizes and explores the observed reality. Through linguistic interpretation and functional formalization within the framework of a theory built with the help of axioms and concepts, it captures the results of research. The functional law of thinking Dao, Chinese philosophers proposed as a law of formalization and quantitative representation of the material world as follows: Dao generates 1, 1 generates 2, and so on; The Dao gives rise to plus, minus, multiply, divide, and other functions. Linguistic thinking generates an interpretation of what is happening in the observed reality. Functional thinking is formed and developed within the framework of axiomatic theory. A theory is built on the basis of axioms and concepts. The theory describes the phenomena, processes, essence of the material world and provides an opportunity to conduct research based on its facts and results. When a person focuses his attention on the relevant research, this indicates that he has the knowledge and skills to work in this area, perceiving the living information of nature and the noosphere. Complex formalization and interpretation of the surrounding reality have led to artificial intelligence, which develops new practical results for a person. Interdisciplinary research provides a more holistic view of the Universe. Actual research at the current time is the construction of the theory, detection, identification and use of natural technologies.

Информационный матракаж и инфожирение: дискурс-реалии современного медийного пространства

The research aims to highlight the universal linguosemiotic features of the modern media-digital cluster. The scientific novelty of the paper consists in a comprehensive identification of the features of the discourse models for discursive manipulation in the texts of modern mass media in line with the study of the linguosemiotic mechanisms of the functioning of matraquage discourse, both in the space of a complete utterance and at the level of the universal pool of world linguoculture. The scientific novelty of the research also consists in introducing into active scientific use the terms “raw information”, “matraquage discourse” and “infobesity” in order to clarify the conceptual apparatus and to achieve a clearer semantic structuring of the terminological system of information theory and communication theory. One of the main epistemological aspects of the paper is the development of the problems of macrodiscursive interpretation of the media space as a semiotic whole and value, i.e. the issues of searching for the foundations of subjective or universal identity, which can be addressed, in one way or another, by referring to language. An important point of the research is the synergy between the conceptual and epistemic dimensions of knowledge, in other words, between the linguistic and conceptual analysis of media discourse in line with the interpretative-semiological approach. The achieved results showed the predominance of universal features in media discourse and also made it possible to detect information about the elements of the worldview and cognition of the collective actor of matraquage discourse at the level of media discourse functioning. The obtained data made it possible to identify a number of socio-cultural features in the linguistic thinking of the consumer of media information that are required to overcome crisis-related and stressful situations associated with infobesity on the path of existential and psychological stabilisation of cognition and communication behavioural models.

THE USE OF INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES IN V. ANANIAN'S NOVEL "ON THE SHORE OF SEVAN"

Interrogative sentences express a question. The most typical and common characteristic of these sentences is the interrogative tone, the inquiry. In that sense, the stylistic value of interrogative sentences is large and varied. In Ananyan's artistic speech, first of all, it makes the speech vivid and impressive, gives a national color to the speech of both the author and the characters, reveals the linguistic thinking characteristic of each of them. The work presents the use of interrogative sentences in V. Ananyan's work “On the Shore of Sevan”, which artistically reveals the spiritual inner world of the native people, its national character, the author's attitude towards the characterized phenomena. Targeted quotations of carefully selected relevant original examples from the literary work reveal the stylistic uniqueness of the speech, the logic of what is being said, the feeling and emotionality. In the work "On the Shore of Sevan" the author skillfully creates a figurative speech, mood and state of mind of the characters through interrogative sentences. The use of these syntactic means more fully represents the author's thought, emotion, feeling, preserving the tonal integrity. It is undeniable that in the mentioned novel the interrogative sentences not only convey a unique artistic style, which are constructed with exceptional skill, but also provide the emotional coloring of the great writer's speech. The use of interrogative sentences in various epic and verbal situations, their appropriate use and knowledge is a necessity, as it contributes to the development of students' language thinking, the skill of constructing beautiful and attractive speech.

МОВНИЙ ПОРТРЕТ ПОЛЯКА В РОМАНІ «ВОГНЕМ І МЕЧЕМ» ГЕНРИКА СЕНКЕВИЧА

The article analyses the linguistic portrait of a Pole in Henryk Sienkiewicz’ novel “With Fire and Sword”. The usage of rycerz, żołnierze, kniaź, as well as substantive word combinations rycerski honor i sumienie, wielka sława rycerska, honoru i wszystkich cnót rycerskich are determined, which expand the fiction-image paradigm of the simulated linguistic portrait. It was found that the productive means of creating a linguistic portrait of the characters include the names twarz, oblicze, oczy, wzrok. The actualization of such words testifies to the method of modeling an internal portrait of a person through the signs of external behavior and specific actions, which is indicative of the writer's linguistic thinking. The tone of figurative and metaphorical artistic portrayal of a person's inner world is typical of prose writer's individual style which leads to the activation of text structures with functionally loaded lexemes of soul and heart. The Pole’s linguistic portrait is modeled by the sayings, which are filled with the characteristics of decency and good manners, introduced among the people under the influence of Polish culture of that time. The conclusion that the concepts of chivalry and defending the homeland are central for understanding the philosophy of the Pole's linguistic portrait is made.

Лексико-семантичне поле «відповідальність»в українському поетичному дискурсі періоду війни

Introduction. The reality of a full-scale war caused drastic changes in the language and language consciousness of Ukrainians. The modern poetic dictionary demonstrably reflects these changes and makes it possible to establish the time marking of the texts, to differentiate them chronologically as those created "before" and "after" February 24, 2022. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to characterize the lexical-semantic field of «responsibility» in the Ukrainian poetic discourse of the war period. Results. A cognitive-textual analysis of poetry written during the Russian-Ukrainian war records an intensive renewal of the corpus of key concepts for modern language thinking. Significant recent trends were observed in the lexical-semantic development of the concept of «responsibility». It was established that its component content, directions of textual and associative branching correlate with the methodologically important concepts of memory and history. Іn particular, when comparing the present and the future (as components of history) in connection with the social, collective need to condemn and punish the perpetrators of the war, the motif of the historical and personal responsibility of the Russian aggressors for the war crime against Ukraine and the Ukrainian people was fully expressed. One of the most important segments of the Ukrainian linguistic and poetic picture of the world during the war is the lexical-semantic field «responsibility». In addition to the name of the field, the core zone of LSF «responsibility» is formed by the nominations forgiveness / non- forgiveness, punishment, trial, sentence, revenge, retribution. It also includes precedent expressions blood for blood, death for death, symbolic proper names Nuremberg, The Hague. Conclusion. The lexical-semantic field «responsibility» is one of the determining for Ukrainian war poetry. The рerspective of continuing this scientific direction is connected with the need for in-depth linguistic knowledge and description of poetry of the war period and about the war, in particular with the need to systematically stratify a poetic dictionary updated in accordance with modern conditions, which demonstrably records the changes in the linguistic thinking of modern Ukrainians.

Du latin tardif au numérique. Une histoire de la phrase française des « Serments de Strasbourg » aux écritures numériques sous la direction de Gilles Siouffi

From late Latin to digital culture. A History of French Sentence from the „Oaths of Strasbourg” to Digital Writing under the direction of Gilles Siouffi The article constitutes a report on the publication Une histoire de la phrase française des Serments de Strasbourg aux écritures numériques [A History of French Sentence from the “Oaths of Strasbourg” to Digital Writing] published under the direction of Gilles Siouffi. The notion of a sentence seems nowadays so widely shared that we could be tempted to think that all over the history it was an obvious thing. Texts used by the authors demonstrate the contrary, they show that a sentence was for a long time contending with little success against competitive concepts (such as period, proposition, to mention just the most important ones) and that it is the outcome of a complicated history relating to various areas of the social life: political history, literary history, technical innovations, language analyses, etc. Apart from the authors’ erudition and their ability to include linguistic thinking into the common history, this work seduces by the contrast between texts certified and the model of a sentence, which contemporary French speakers have encoded.

THE LINGUISTIC SYSTEM OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF GRAMMAR

The article analyzes the views of the Danish linguist Otto Espersen on the philosophy of grammar, the historical development of the English language and the methodology of teaching foreign languages. Espersan's linguistic thinking on the development of language is still relevant today, despite being heavily criticized at the time.

PROBLEMS OF FORMING A STUDENT’S VALUE SYSTEM WITHIN ‘HISTORY OF THE ARMENIAN LANGUAGE’ COURSE

Higher education should form such a value system in a learner, which is competitive, in keeping with the modern period. The "History of the Armenian Language" course forms linguistic thinking, cultural and idealistic values in a learner. As a linguistic discipline, the course develops in a learner skills to make independent research and conclusions. The "History of the Armenian Language" course creates a student’s scientific, idealistic, naturalistic value system. The article examines the problems of the formation of the value system at different times, which naturally and regularly are changing in accordance with the requirements of the time. Therefore, based on the requirements of the time, the values in the "History of the Armenian Language" course are presented in the unity of scientific and practical perspectives. Thus, the purpose of the article is to value and address the problems of the history of the Armenian language that contribute to the formation and completion of the student's idealistic, naturalistic, linguistic value system. A system of exercises and skills aimed at the formation of the value system is proposed, considering the demands and interests of the modern student, which are obtained as a result of independent analysis and research.