Upland Rice Lines Research Articles

Treating Radiation-induced Aceh Rice Germplasm with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi has been Shown to Effectively Address Bacterial Leaf Blight

Background: Bacterial leaf blight can damage upland rice and reduce yield by 30-40%. Chemical pesticides harm ecosystems and can increase pathogen resistance. The objective of this research was to explore the potential of AMF, a biological agent, to enhance the resistance of local Acehnese-radiated mutant rice against bacterial leaf blight. Methods: Two-factor factorial design with three levels of AMF dosage (0 g, 10 g and 20 g per plant) and three upland rice lines (UA-01, UA-09 and UA-10). There were 9 treatment combinations replicated 3 times, resulting in 81 experimental units. Result: The intensity of the disease decreased significantly as the dosage of AMF increased and the maximum number of tillers increased substantially up to 20 g plant-1 AMF application. UA-10 strains exhibited the highest number of tillers per clump, while UA-09 strains had the lowest. The interaction between local Aceh rice varieties and AMF did not impact bacterial leaf blight intensity, maximum number of tillers and percentage of filled grain, except for AMF colonization on roots. The significance of AMF colonization varied among lines, with the highest AMF colonization observed in the UA-10 strain (20.64%) at an AMF dose of 20 g plant-1. AMF inoculation appeared to affect the percentage of filled grain positively.

Desempenho de linhagens elite de arroz de terras altas em baixas temperaturas

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenotypic performance of elite upland rice lines subjected to different temperature conditions during the booting stage (R2). Eight elite lines from an upland rice breeding program were evaluated under six temperatures: 12, 17, 20, 25, 29, and 32°C. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse and climatic chambers with photoperiod control. The experimental design was completely randomized, with three replicates. Number of days to flowering, plant height, number of panicles, and spikelet sterility were measured. The upland rice lines do not tolerate the low temperatures of 12 and 17°C, which result in a low performance in yield components and a grain sterility of 100%. The lowest rates of spikelet sterilization occur at the temperatures of 25 and 29°C. Cultivar BRSMG Caçula is a promising candidate to integrate the crop succession system.

Evaluation of the distinct and uniformity of upland rice superior varieties candidates

Rice production needs to be increased by using new superior varieties of upland rice. Currently, 5 promising lines of upland rice have been produced through plant breeding programs. Before being registered as a variety, plant variety canadidates must have distinct and uniform criteria. This research was conducted to determine distinctiveness, uniformity and recommendations for 5 promising lines as candidates for upland rice of new superior varieties. This research was conducted from August 2022 to March 2023 at the Experimental and Research Station, Universitas Bangka Belitung. The research material consists of 5 F8 lines and 5 comparison varieties. Data analysis used the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and uniformity test. The results of ANOVA test showed were significant differences in the characters of plant height, flag leaf length, panicle length, filled grain weight per clump, and 1000 grain weight. The promising lines show distinct characteristics of seed color, plant height, number of productive tillers, and panicle length. Narrow variability values indicate a high level of uniformity with the expected lines of uniformity ranging from 88-100%. Lines 23A-56-22-20-05 (brown rice) and 23A-56-20-07-20 (white rice) with high production are recommended as candidates for new superior varieties of upland rice.

PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND EATING QUALITY OF PROMISING CROSSBRED UPLAND RICE LINES DEVELOPED FROM SUPERIOR PARENTAL GENOTYPES

The ultimate objective of breeding is to produce high-yielding cultivars that are fascinating to the farming community and end users, allowing for easy marketing. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct various tests on milling quality, physicochemical properties, and eating quality to determine the overall rice quality and evaluate the response of potential consumers. The presented study sought the complete rice quality and the consumer acceptance of 12 upland rice lines derived from superior parental genotypes. This research conducted in 2019 performed milling and eating quality assessments on milled and cooked rice, respectively. The milling quality analysis revealed that lines L-04, L-05, and L-06 produced middle-length grains, while others produced full-length grains. Rice from lines L-02, L-09, and L-12 were slender, while the rest were medium-shape. All upland rice lines also met the national standard (SNI 6128-2015) for milling degree (85%–100%), moisture content (9.85%–11.30%), chalky rice (0.06%–1.59%), and yellow rice (0.21%–1.77%). Lines L-03 and L-05 met the Medium-I quality standard with head rice recovery (HRR) values of 84.15% and 84.76%, respectively. However, lines L-01 and L-02 met the Medium-III standard with HRR values of 66.24% and 66.39%, separately. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed four principal physicochemical characteristics, i.e., degree of milling, length, width, and HRR. Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) analysis displayed the overall liking as determined by the interaction of four descriptive factors, mostly taste and texture. Cooked rice of line L-12 (cross of cv. Inpago-8 × B11930F-TB-2) was the most liked compared with other cooked rice samples.

Analysis and Identification of Chemical Content of Rice of Several Strains Local Upland Rice

So far, Rice production has yet to meet domestic demand due to population growth, which continues to increase yearly. Lowland rice provides the most significant contribution to national rice production; for this reason, upland rice development is urgently needed to help increase national rice production. Central Sulawesi's upland rice germplasm is very abundant; it's just that there are still many that still need to be identified. For this reason, this study aims to identify the chemical levels of rice in several local upland rice lines. This research was conducted at the Research and Development Site of Gogo Rice, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University is located at 230 meters above sea level in Kalama Hamlet III, Tamarenja Village, Sindue Tobata District, Donggala Regency, Central Sulawesi Province, with coordinates LS 00o26'51.4 BT 119o49'50,5. This research started from January to June 2023. This research was compiled using the Randomized Block Design (RAK) method with 14 local upland rice lines (Pae bohe, Menso, Maraki, Uva buya, Kalendeng, Pulau tau leru, Pulu Konta, Jahara, Buncaili, Delima, Pae dupa, Puyu tas, Tako, Dongan) and one variety of check (Situ bagendit) which was repeated three times to obtain 45 experimental units. The variables observed included moisture content, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrates, fibre and amylose. The results showed that the Pae dupa strain yielded a water content of 7.44%, protein content of 8.91%, fibre content of 3.90% and amylose content of 12.58%, while the Situ bagendit strain had a moisture content of 11.61%, ash content of 0.57%, protein content of 7.72%, fat content 0.66%.

Yield of Several Local Upland Rice Lines

Climate change brought on by global warming affects agricultural production, notably rice crops, and results in harsh weather. Because it is becoming harder to utilize the area of paddy fields, one effort that can be made to boost the national food supply is by improving and expanding the upland rice farming area. This study aimed to analyze and ascertain the upland rice lines in the area's production potential. The study was carried out on agricultural land in Tamarenja Village (Kalama backwoods), Central Sulawesi Province, about 200 meters above sea level, with latitudes of 00o26'51.5" South Latitude and 119o49'50.6" East Longitude. They began in August 2022 and continued through February 2023. Fifteen strains or varieties of upland rice were used in the study's Randomized Block Design (RBD), which was repeated three times to create 45 trial plots. These strains or varieties included Untad I, Untad II, Untad III, Untad V, Uva Buya, Kalendeng, Pulu Tau Leru, Jahara, Buncaili, Delima, Dongan, Konta Island, Tako, and Situ Bagendit. Plant height, leaf length, tiller number, productive tiller number, panicle length, number of grains/panicles, harvest age, the weight of 1000 grains, and production were among the variables recorded. The findings demonstrated that the Tako, Dongan, Pulu Tau Leru, Uva Buya, and Kalendeng strains produced better yields compared to the control variety.

Purification of local upland rice seeds based on morphological characteristics

This research is directed to overcome the problem of upland rice seeds that are no longer pure, because they have been mixed with other types of rice seeds, which can result in a decrease in the quality or nature of superior upland rice which is already favorable by the community. Seed purification is needed to restore the purity of the seeds of superior local upland rice lines. Another target of this research is to produce basic seeds of pure local upland rice lines (without mixture), which are needed for further breeding programs, or for the purpose of releasing varieties, as well as for production purposes for consumption. This study aims to select and detect the same/uniform morphological characteristics of local upland rice in each seed lot and to find out which seed lots show high uniformity. The experiment used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) consisting of 20 seed lots as treatment and each seed lot was made into a so-called “grid” (replication) of 3 grids. This research was conducted at the Field Laboratory, Experimental Garden II, Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University. Observational data were analyzed with variance and qualitative characters were converted to binary data and analyzed by the NTSYS program. If there is a significant effect, then proceed with the Scott Knott group test (α = 0.05). The results showed a very significant effect on the variables of flowering age, productive tillers and flag leaf angle, and no significant effect on the variables of plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, harvest age, panicle length, flag leaf area, total grain per panicle and percentage of grain. per panicle.

Potential of Upland Rice Promising Lines in Acid Dry Land at Two Different Seasons

Superior upland rice varieties can be obtained through the plant breeding process. Upland rice lines that are carried out from crossing have different potentials. The research aims to determine upland rice promising lines with high yields in acid-dry land. The study is conducted on Ultisol soil. The first season is in 2019 for F 6 lines, and the second is in 2021 for F 7 lines. The experimental methods use factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). The treatment at the preliminary yield test use 5 lines 4 varieties, and 1 landrace. The advanced yield test uses 5 F 7 lines (selected from F 6 lines) and 5 types. Analysis data use ANOVA and LSI test. The result shows that lines GH8 and GH10 have the highest yields on acid-dry soils during two planting seasons. The GH 10 line has a 7.20-9.53 kg/plot yield, and the GH 8 line has a 5.22-6.26 kg/plot. The highest yield potential was the GH 10 line of 3.69-4.77 t/ha, more increased than Balok, Banyuasin, Danau Gaung, Inpago 8, and PBM-UBB1 varieties. GH 10 and GH 8 lines are recommended as candidates for new superior varieties of upland rice that are adaptive to acid-dry soils.

Uniformity test of the upland rice lines F8 from crosses of local Bangka rice and lodging resistance superior varieties in Belitung Regency

Lodging on plant rice can lead to reduces yields. Developing rice varieties with lodging resistance can do through the breeding activities. Crossing between local Bangka rice and lodging resistance superior varieties have been carried out and obtained F8 lines of upland rice. Before releasing the rice lines released into varieties, it must meet the high uniformity criteria. This research aims to determine the uniformity level of F8 upland rice lines. This research was conducted using an experimental method. The design used a randomized block design with 10 treatments (5 F8 lines and 5 comparison varieties). The F8 lines used 19I-06-09-23-03, 21B-57-21-21-23, 23F-04-10-18-18, 23A-56-20-07-20 and 23A-56-22-20-05. The comparison varieties used i.e. Danau Gaung, Inpago 8, Inpago 12, Rindang and PBM UBB 1. The research data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive, variability test, uniformity test, and Least Significant Increase (LSI) test. The result showed that F8 lines of upland rice had narrow genotypic and phenotypic variability values in all characters observed. The percentage of uniformity was obtained in the range between 83.3-100%. It shows that the F8 lines had a high uniformity. F8 lines of 19I-06-09-23-03, 21B-57-21-21-23, 23F-04-10-18-18, and 23A-56-20-07-20 showed 100% uniformity level in plant height, flag leaf length, panicle length, productive tillers number, and filled grains number. The result of LSI test obtained 23A-56-22-20-05 and 23A-56-20-07-20 lines are better than the comparison varieties.

Integrative analysis of transcriptome and metabolism reveals potential roles of carbon fixation and photorespiratory metabolism in response to drought in Shanlan upland rice

Shanlan upland rice is an important landrace rice resource and is characterized with high drought stress (DS) tolerance relative to cultivated rice. However, the molecular mechanism of DS response in Shanlan upland rice remains unclear. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of transcriptome and targeted metabolism to decipher the key biological pathways that responded to drought tolerance using two Shanlan upland rice lines. Results show that SL10 possesses 64% higher photosynthetic efficiency (Pn) and 2-fold higher water use efficiency (WUE) than that in SL1 exposed to DS. The decrease in Pn by DS is not due to stomatal limitation effects for SL1. Transcriptome analysis suggests photosynthesis relevant pathways (photosynthesis-antenna proteins and carbon fixation) and photorespiration relevant pathway (glycine, serine and threonine metabolism) in SL1 under DS were significantly enriched in the down-regulated and up-regulated DEGs list, respectively. There are 412 up-regulated and 233 down-regulated drought responsive genes (DRGs) in SL10 relative to SL1 induced by DS. Targeted metabolism results suggest that the contents across five metabolites related to carbon fixation pathway were declined by 36 and 8% in SL1 and SL10 caused by DS, respectively. We finally summarized the both gene expression and metabolites involved in photorespiration and carbon fixation pathways in response to DS in both rice lines. This study provides valuable information for better understanding the molecular mechanism underlying drought tolerance in Shanlan rice.

Genotype-Environment Interaction and Yield Stability of Upland Rice in Intercropping Cultivation

Rice cultivation as intercropping in plantations is a potential approach to increase land resource efficiency. Implementation of rice intercropping would require genotypes adapted to shaded environments. This study aimed to clarify the interaction of genotype and environment on agronomic characteristics of upland rice grown under intercropping system and to identify suitable genotypes for this particular cropping system. Multi-location trials evaluated twelve upland rice lines and two check varieties in eight upland sites during the wet season (WS) 2015-2016. Rice was grown as intercropping in six sites and as monoculture in two sites. Rice as intercrop was cultivated in between plantations of tall coconut, rambutan, teak, albizia, and natural rubber. The result of this study revealed that the interaction between genotype and environment was significant for all agronomic characteristics. The genotype B12056F-TB-1-29-1 was the best performer when grown as intercropping in Subang and Indramayu, with shading intensities of 65% and 44%, respectively. The genotype B11908F-TB-3-WN-1 was the best yielder in Cianjur and Lampung Tengah, which had 37% and 54% shading intensity, respectively. The genotype B12825E-TB-2-4 was the best performer in Lampung Timur with shading intensity of 45%, while Jatiluhur was the best genotype in Banyumas with shading intensity of 82%. The yield of rice genotypes grown as monocultures was higher than as intercropping. Among the genotypes, B12056F-TB-1-29-1 showed the highest yield across sites. Stable and high-yield genotypes identified from this study are expected to be adopted by farmers for intercropping rice cultivation.

Improving Broad Spectrum Blast Resistance by Introduction of the Pita2 Gene: Encoding the NB-ARC Domain of Blast-Resistant Proteins into Upland Rice Breeding Programs

Blast disease is generally more important in upland rather than lowland rice cultivation, representing one of the biotic obstacles in the development of upland rice. The objective of this study was to detect broad-spectrum blast resistance gene Pita2 encoding the NB-ARC (nucleotide-binding adaptor common in APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4) domain of blast-resistant proteins in new upland rice lines from the breeding program for landrace rice varieties, with the goal of providing a novel source of blast-resistant germplasm for application in future upland rice breeding programs. In this study, we screened 19 inbred lines of landrace rice varieties challenged using local virulent isolates in greenhouse conditions and performed field evaluations to confirm blast resistance. Molecular analysis was conducted using six specific primers to detect broad-spectrum blast resistance, and sequence analysis was performed to detect the NB-ARC domain of blast-resistant proteins in the lines. Consistent results were observed between greenhouse screening and field evaluations, although there was variance in the level of resistance. The PCR assay showed that there were eight positive lines (G7, G8, G9, G11, G13, G14, G15, and G18) containing the Pita2 gene. Conserved domain analysis revealed that eight blast-resistant rice lines encode NB-ARC at sequence lengths ranging between 300 and 870 (450 bp). Using these sequences in BLASTX searching revealed 15 gene homologs of the eight rice lines, which were detected as Pita2 genes, with a similarity level of 81–99%. Further comprehensive studies should be performed to confirm the performance and resistance of candidate lines in field trials in various blast-endemic areas before being released as new upland rice varieties able to overcome the problem of blast disease in the field. In addition, the lines can also be used as a novel genetic resource in the blast-resistant upland rice breeding program on various rice cultivars.

Study on gene action and combining ability for yield and its attributes in upland rice lines of Himachal Pradesh

The present study was conducted to estimate gene action and combining ability of 12 rice lines bred for upland conditions and 3 testers along with 36 cross combinations developed through line x tester mating design in Kharif 2019 and 2020. The crossing was done in Kharif 2019, and the material developed was grown and evaluated along with its parents in randomized block design in Kharif 2020. Statistical analysis of the observed data for 14 yield and yield related traits revealed that the dominance variance was higher than the additive variance for all the traits studied except total tillers per plant, grain breadth and L: B ratio. Moreover, the average degree of dominance was greater than 1 for most of the traits, indicating the preponderance of non- additive gene action in governance of these traits and the scope of exploitation of non- additive gene action for further improvement. Significant GCA and SCA effects were found for the lines and crosses, respectively. The lines showing significant GCA effects were HPR 2884, HPR 2871, HPR 2873, and HPR 2889, while the crosses HPR 2866 x HPR 2656, HPR 2866 x HPR 1156, and HPR 2840 x HPR 1156 showed high SCA for various traits.

Short Communication: Evaluation of F6 generation of upland rice promising lines for drought stress tolerance

Abstract. Mustikarini ED, Lestari T, Santi R, Prayoga GI, Cahya Z. 2022. Short Communication: Evaluation of F6 generation of upland rice promising lines for drought stress tolerance. Biodiversitas 23: 3401-3406. Water is important in metabolic processes affecting rice crop growth and development. Drought stress can decrease rice production, necessitating the development ofdrought-tolerant varieties. Selection of drought-tolerant can be done during the critical period plant booting phase. Thisresearch aimed to determine promising linesof upland rice tolerant to drought stress. This research was conducted from December 2019 toMay 2020 at the experimental farmofthe Faculty of Agriculture, Fisheries and Biology, Universitas Bangka Belitung. The research was laid out in a completely randomized design with a single-factortreatment. The treatment was rice genotypes consisting of 10 lines and 2 checkvarieties; each was 3 replicates. The results showed that the droughtstressin the plant booting phase of rice plants significantly affected the plant heigh character of the plant, grains number per panicle, the weight of grain per panicle, the age of flowering, and harvest time, but gave no significant effect on the number of leaves, the number of productive tillers, roots length. The upland rice lines 23A-56-30-25-1, 23A-56-30-25-12, and 23A-56-30-25-13 showed good drought stress tolerance based on leaf rolling, leaf drying, crop yield, and plant growth percentage.

Effectiveness of NPK fertilizer on the growth of several new superior upland rice lines (Oryza sativa L.) crosses from Southeast Sulawesi

Rice is the primary source of carbohydrates in Indonesia. The rice demand increases every year and needs to fulfil sustainably. Effective fertilizer treatment is very important. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness and the best dosage of NPK on the growth of several superior upland rice lines from Southeast Sulawesi. The research was conducted in Field Experiment Faculty of Agriculture, Halu Oleo University. The research design in factorial randomized block design (RBD) consists of two factors. The first factor was the rice cultivar different, i.e., GS11-2 (G1), GS12-2 (G2), GS44-2 (G3), GS16-2 (G4), and Lipigo 4 as a check variety or control. The second factor was the different dose of NPK, i.e., without fertilizer as a control, 4 g plant-1, and 8 g plant-1. The observed parameter is plant height (cm), leaf number and tiller number. The observational data were analysed using ANOVA dan further using DMRT tests. The results showed NPK fertilizer was effective on the growth of several upland rice lines in the parameter of plant height, leaf number, and tiller number. The four lines tested showed that these lines had the potential to become new superior upland rice varieties.

Variation in yield attributing traits and genetic parameters estimates of some advanced promising lines of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under shade conditions

Efforts to develop upland rice need to be supported by plant breeding programs by assembling superior upland rice varieties. Eight advanced promising lines developed through a hybridization breeding program and two check varieties were used to study. The study conducted in Langgea Village (4°3’24”S and 121°27’59”E), Ranomeeto District, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. The experiment arranged in a split-plot design using randomized complete block (RCB) and three replications. Shade treatments arranged as main plots and the different of upland rice promising lines as subplots. The parameters observed were included vegetative and generative character. The results showed that the genotypes significantly differed in grain yield and yield attributing traits. The estimation of genetic parameters of some upland rice promising lines for grain yield and yield attributing traits indicated that total grain per panicle and leaf area had high both genotypic and phenotypic coefficient variance. There were genotypic diversity values on the appearance of some upland rice promising lines at a low light intensity, which had the highest value on the total grain per panicle (282.13) and the lowest value on the grain weight per clump (1.02).

Augmented analysis for yield performance and agronomic characteristics of upland rice lines grown under coconut plantation

Establishment of shade-tolerant rice varieties aims to utilize the dry land under tree stands. A field experiment on rice yield under coconut plantation was conducted at farmer field in Calincing Tegalbuleud Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. The experiment involved 307 upland promising lines, 42 of which were selected in comparison to four check varieties, namely Jatiluhur, Batutugi, Limboto and Situpatenggang. The experiment was conducted according to augmented design with four replications. The analysis of variance indicated significant difference in yield per ha between blocks and no significant differences in days to flowering, plant height and number of productive tiller between blocks. Meanwhile, significant differences were observed in plant height and number of productive tillers between all check varieties. Under shade of coconut plantation, some lines could perform better and had higher performance than check varieties. Four lines ofB11957SR* 232182SI2MR2PN21, B12743MR18232PN1111, B13498D9, and B12743MR18235PN1031 had significantly higher yield compared to the check variety with the highest yield, which is Limboto. The utperforming lines can be proposed as promising rice lines for shading tolerance. However, most of the lines were proved to be underperforming for yield and its components in prevailing conditions.

Rice lines potentially as new varieties for acidic dry lands

Dry land has great potential to support programs to increase national rice production by increasing the planted area. The aim of the study was to evaluate the yield of upland rice lines to obtain several lines of upland rice which had high yield and had the potential to be released as new varieties for acid dry land. The experiment was carried out in Lampung on DS 2020. A total of 60 advanced upland rice lines and comparison varieties were used as material for this experiment. The variables observed were plant height, number of productive tillers, age of flowering plants (50%), harvestable age (80% yellowing of rice), number of filled and empty grains per panicle, weight of 1000 filled grains, yield. milled dry grain and its resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. From the preliminary yield test, ten lines showed comparable yields above the best comparison variety Inpago 12. The lines were B14986E-MR-26 (6.78 t/ha), B15151E-MR-23 (6.39 t/ha), B15151E-MR-21 (6.61 t/ha), B15151E-MR-18 (5.95 t/ha), B15340 -2B-TB-23 (5.87 t/ha), B15154E-MR-2 (6.33 t/ha), B15151E-MR-1 (5.78 t/ha), B13017B-RS*1-2-6-PN-11-2-1 (5.94 t/ha) and B15511D-KR-31 (6.32 t/ha). Those lines have long (L), medium (M) and medium chalkiness (M) sizes. The rice texture is between medium and soft.

Mapping phenotypic parameters linked to salt stress tolerance strategies in rice lines

Salinity is recognized as one of the main abiotic stresses, causing declines in the productivity of many crops, such as rice. Considering the importance of rice as a staple food crop, the generalized pattern of salinization in soils around the globe and the sensitivity of the crop to saline soils, the aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity / tolerance of upland rice lines. The upland rice lines used in this work were obtained from the Genetic Improvement Program of the Universidade Federal de Lavras. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with a block design and factorial scheme, with 10 lines and four NaCl treatments (0, 3, 15 and 45 mmol·L-1) on the substrate. Parameters related to the emergence rate, seedling survival rate, growth and architecture, biomass allocation, gas exchange and productivity were evaluated. Salinity levels influenced the emergence and survival rates, especially at the highest levels of NaCl, with lines L1, L4 and L5 showing survival below 60%. These lines were excluded from the experiment, and the other seven lines were carried out until the end of the crop cycle. Grain weight per plant (GWP) was used as an indicator of greater tolerance to salinity, and lines L6, L7 and L8 showed outstanding performance under treatments with increased NaCl. L6 had the highest GWP, while L7 and L8 had less pronounced decreases with increasing NaCl doses. These three lines may be recommended for further studies about the impacts of NaCl on rice production.

Effect of media size and dosage of NPK fertilizer on growth and yield of upland rice lines in polybags

This study aims to determine the appropriate media size and dose of NPK fertilizer for the growth and yield of upland rice plants. The research was carried out from October 2020 to January 2021, in the village of Sungai Hitam, Pondok Kelapa District, Central Bengkulu Regency. using the RAKL design with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The main treatments of 3 levels were polybag media sizes 3 kg, 4 kg, 6 kg, and the 3 levels of NPK fertilizer dosage were 100kg/ha NPK fertilizer dose, 150kg/ha NPK fertilizer dose, and 200kg/ha NPK fertilizer dose. The results showed that the size of the growing media had a significant effect on plant vegetative growth, but did not affect the yield and yield of upland rice in polybag cultivation. The dose of NPK fertilizer affects the growth and yield of upland rice plants. The best results were obtained with fertilization with a dose of 200 kg NPK/ha. The addition of a fertilizer dose of up to 200 kg NPK/ha will be followed by an increase in yield and yield components for each size of the media used