Line P1 Research Articles

Transcriptome-metabolome reveals the molecular changes in meat production and quality in the hybrid populations of Sichuan white goose

Hybrid breeding has proven to enhance meat quality and is extensively utilized in goose breeding. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of research investigating the molecular mechanisms that underlie the meat quality of hybrid geese. In this study, we employed the Sichuan White Goose as the maternal line for hybridization with the Zhedong White Goose and Tianfu Meat Goose P3 line. We assessed the growth and slaughter meat quality performance of 10-wk-old hybrid offspring in comparison to Sichuan white goose purebred offspring. The results indicate that hybrid geese have significantly improved performance in growth and slaughter meat quality. Furthermore, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the chest muscles of hybrid offspring through transcriptomics and metabolomics to unravel the effects of hybrid breeding on growth and meat quality. A total of 673 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 93 differentially expressed metabolites were identified. The joint analysis highlighted the significant enrichment of DEGs AMPD1, AMPD3, RRM2, ENTPD3, and the metabolite UMP in the nucleotide metabolism pathway. These findings underscore the crucial role of these genetic and metabolic factors in regulating muscle growth and meat quality in hybrid populations.

Initial Clinical Manifestations of Dogs with Neurological Distemper

The canine distemper virus (CDV) causes demyelination within the central nervous system, gastrointestinal and/or respiratory signs. Due to the wide variety of clinical manifestations, determining the initial clinical manifestation of dogs with neurological CDV of different ages can be used to increase the index of suspicion of CDV, especially in triage. 44 dogs, aged 2-8 months, with clinical findings suggesting the presence of neurological CDV were used, and 38 were enrolled. The dogs were divided into 2 subgroups based on their age. Accordingly, dogs aged 2-4 months were included in Group 1 (n:16), and dogs aged 5-8 months were included in Group 2 (n:22). The body temperature of Group 1 was higher than that of Group 2 (p3 lines) were prominent in both groups. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed dilated intestine segments. It was concluded that the evaluation of the initial clinical manifestation in combination with non-invasive imaging methods might be used to increase the index of suspicion of neurologic CDV before proceeding to laboratory analyses, especially in triage.

Highly Improved PID Stability for Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Modules Due to a Filled P1 Groove

Two types of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin-film solar modules, differing only in the patterning procedures, were exposed to a high voltage (1 kV) across the thickness of the soda-lime glass substrate. Both module types utilized a cell stack, and in particular, a molybdenum back contact, which was optimized for CIGS solar cells with enhanced stability against potential-induced degradation (PID). A standard module with regular patterning lines for monolithic interconnection consists of P1, P2, and P3 lines, with P1 separating the back contact, P2 establishing the contact between the front contact TCO of one cell to the Mo back contact of the next cell, and P3 isolating the front contact from one cell to the next cell. However, modules employing this cell stack with regular patterning lines P1, P2, and P3 suffered considerably from PID while modules with a P1 groove filled with an insulator showed greatly enhanced stability similar to the pure single cell without P1 patterning. PID manifests once a specific quantity of charge has been transmitted through the soda-lime glass substrate, while the molybdenum back contact of the cell functions as the cathode, maintaining a negative bias relative to the substrate’s backside. As a consequence of PID, sodium is increased in the adsorber for susceptible cells. Therefore, inhibiting sodium transport through the P1 groove by filling it with an insulating material enhances the PID stability of the modules considerably. As a result, the modules with a filled P1 groove showed similar stability to the single solar cells with an improved PID stable cell stack, while modules without a filled P1 patterning were much more susceptible to PID, although a cell stack with greatly enhanced PID stability was used. In summary, the presented strategy to fill the P1 groove offers a viable and novel path to improved PID stability of CIGS modules.

Scarce Evidence of Heterosis for Growth Traits in Peruvian Guinea Pigs.

This study aimed to estimate the heterosis for productive traits in a two-way crossbreeding scheme. Four guinea pig lines were originally selected for the following traits: line P1 for the growth rate, P2 for the partial feed conversion rate, M1 for the growth rate of the litter at 10 days of age, and M2 for the litter size at birth. The comparison included 176 purebreds (P1: 46, P2: 43, M1: 54 and M2: 33) and 150 crosses (P1P2: 42, P2P1: 38, M1M2: 11 and M2M1: 59); body weights at birth, 10 days, weaning and 60 days of age were analyzed. A linear fixed-effect model was used, and heterosis was estimated as the difference between the average performance of the crossbred and pure-line animals. The pure line comparisons showed that P2 was lower than P1 for weight at 10 days and weaning weight, while all other comparisons between the paternal and maternal pure lines were not significant. The results indicated significant positive heterosis effects for both types of crosses, but only for birth weight: 3.7% for paternal crosses and 12.7% for maternal crosses. The heterosis estimates were mostly positive but not significant for all other traits. A reason for the low levels of heterosis could be that the lines are not very genetically differentiated. These results suggest that applying a two-way crossbreeding scheme within paternal and maternal guinea pig lines for meat production is not recommended due to the absence of heterosis for growth traits.

The long-term behavior of the p-adic Sigmoid Beverton-Holt dynamical systems in the projective line [formula omitted

In this paper we study the long-term behavior of the p-adic dynamical systems associated with the Sigmoid Beverton-Holt model that arises in population dynamics. The corresponding fixed points, maximal Siegel disks, attractors, and periodic trajectories are analyzed in the projective line P1(Qp). Moreover, the Julia and Fatou sets associated with these dynamical systems are also examined.

Computing Galois groups of Fano problems

A Fano problem consists of enumerating linear spaces of a fixed dimension on a variety, generalizing the classical problem of 27 lines on a cubic surface. Those Fano problems with finitely many linear spaces have an associated Galois group that acts on these linear spaces and controls the complexity of computing them in suitable coordinates. These Galois groups were first defined and studied by Jordan, who in particular considered the problem of lines in P3 on a cubic surface. Recently, Hashimoto and Kadets determined the Galois groups for a special family of Fano problems and showed that all other Fano problems have Galois group that contains the alternating group. A complete classification of Galois groups of Fano problems rests on the determination of these Galois groups. We use computational tools to prove that several Fano problems of moderate size have Galois group equal to the symmetric group, each of which were previously unknown.

On genera containing non-split Eichler orders over function fields

Grothendieck-Birkhoff Theorem states that every finite dimensional vector bundle over the projective line P1 splits as the sum of one dimensional vector This can be rephrased, in terms of orders, as stating that all maximal orders over the projective line in a matrix algebra split. In this work we study the extent to which this result can be generalized to Eichler orders when the base field F is finite. To be precise, we characterize both the genera of Eichler orders containing only split orders and the genera containing only a finite number of non-split conjugacy classes. The latter characterization is given for arbitrary projective curves over F. The method developed here also allows us to compute quotient graphs for some subgroups of $PGL_2(F[t])$ of arithmetical interest. This paper includes material from the unpublished work Simultaneous diagonalization of vector bundles.

Seismic Site Classification Using the Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves Method

The soil has a variety of qualities that affect its ability to support the weight of a structure. One of these features is soil stiffness, which can be determined using the surface wave method to prevent soil collapse. Multichannel Analysis of Surface Waves (MASW) is one of the non-invasive methodologies used in this study to investigate subsurface structures in North Sumatra, Indonesia. This method utilizes the dispersion properties of Rayleigh waves, producing a dispersion curve to get the shear wave velocity (Vs) through inversion. The shear wave velocity can be used to examine the soil stiffness qualities. The dispersion curve explains the relationship between shear wave velocity and depth, which can subsequently be used as a site class parameter. This survey uses three lines with one shot for each line which uses thirty geophones. The seismic source used is a gun with the type M16.38 Cal. Each line consists of 30 geophones with a distance of 5 m. The entire track is 160 m long and lasts for 2048 seconds with a sampling rate of 0.00025 seconds. The average shear wave velocity measured at three measurements was 372.5 m/s on line P1, 347.1 m/s on line P2A, and 311.0 m/s on line P2B, respectively. Overall, the soil classification on the P1 line is class C, and the P2A and P2B lines are class D, which is suitable for development planning areas.

In-Vitro Use of Verteporfin for Photodynamic Therapy in Glioblastoma

BackgroundStummer et al. established fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) for glioblastoma (GBM) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Its metabolite, protoporphyrin IX (PPIX), is also a photosensitizer and can be used for photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a laser beam of 635 nm. The porphyrin derivate verteporfin (VP) was discovered to have properties to penetrate the brain, pharmacologically target glioma cells, and is approved for PDT of choroidal neovascularization in wet age-related macular degeneration at 689 nm. ObjectiveTo elucidate whether GBM cell lines are susceptible to PDT with second-generation photosensitizer VP. MethodsHuman glioma cell lines LN229, HSR-GBM1, and a low-passage patient-derived GBM cell line P1 were treated with variable concentrations of VP for 24 h, followed by PDT at 689 nm using a diode laser light. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay and VP uptake was measured using a desktop cytometer. ResultsSignificantly higher cell death following PDT with VP compared to VP treatment alone or no treatment was detected in all cell models (LN229, HSR-GBM1, P1). Flowcytometric measurements revealed a concentration-dependent cellular uptake of VP after 24 h incubation up to 99% at 10 µM (HSR-GBM1). ConclusionThis study demonstrates that PDT with VP causes cell death in GBM cells at marginal concentrations. Additionally, red spectrum fluorescence was detected at therapeutic concentrations in all cell lines, validating the cellular uptake of VP in GBM cells. VP, therefore, is not only a potential drug for targeting GBM pharmacologically but can be used as an optical imaging dye in surgery and photosensitizer to make GBM susceptible to PDT.

P-192: Circularly permuted TRAIL (CPT) combined with Thalidomide and Dexamethasone in patients with relapsed/refractory Multiple Myeloma: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study

<h3>Background</h3> CPT, a recombinant permuted human TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), is a 1rst-in-human anti-myeloma drug targeting death receptor 4/5. In order to verify the effectiveness and safety of CPT, we have conducted this multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study. <h3>Methods</h3> In this study, 417 RRMM patients previously treated with two or more lines of therapies were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive CPT+TD (CPT group) vs. placebo+TD (control group). CPT or placebo at a dose of 10 mg/kg was intravenously administered on days 1 to 5, both groups receive dexamethasone 40 mg orally on days 1 to 4, and thalidomide 150mg daily, 28 days per cycle until to disease progressions or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the key secondary endpoints overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), and safety. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 417 patients enrolled, 415 patients received CPT+TD (n=276) or placebo+TD (n=139) treatment. The demographic, baseline disease and clinical characteristic of the two groups were comparable. The median age of the patients was 59 years, and the median time from the initial diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM) to participating this trial was 2.6 years. The median number of lines of prior therapies was 3. Proteasome inhibitors (PI) and immunomodulators (IMiD) were previously used in 74% and 86.5% of patients, respectively. At date cutoff, the primary endpoint of PFS was significantly longer in the CPT group than in the control group (median 5.5 vs. 3.1 months; hazard ratio [HR] 0.619; P3 lines of prior therapies. PFS and ORR were also significantly improved in the patients with PI and IMiD double-refractory MM. The serious adverse events (SAE) rates were similar in the CPT group and the control group (40.6% vs. 37.4%), as were the death rates during the treatments (7.6% vs. 8.6%). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) with at least a 10% greater frequency in the CPT group vs. the control group were elevated alanine transaminase (ALT), elevated aspartate transaminase (AST), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), increased monocyte counts, hypocalcaemia and upper respiratory tract infections. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The combination of CPT with TD significantly prolonged the PFS and OS, increased the ORR. CPT combined with TD was well tolerated, the adverse events were mild, transient and reversible.

The ACM property for unions of lines in P1×P2

This paper examines the Arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay (ACM) property for certain codimension 2 varieties in P1×P2 called sets of lines in P1×P2 (not necessarily reduced). We discuss some obstacles to finding a general characterization. We then consider certain classes of such curves, and we address two questions. First, when are they themselves ACM? Second, in a non-ACM reduced configuration, is it possible to replace one component of a primary (prime) decomposition by a suitable power (i.e. to “fatten” one line) to make the resulting scheme ACM? Finally, for our classes of such curves, we characterize the locally Cohen-Macaulay property in combinatorial terms by introducing the definition of a fully v-connected configuration. We apply some of our results to give analogous ACM results for sets of lines in P3.

Improved Electrical Performance of Perovskite Photovoltaic Mini‐Modules through Controlled PbI2 Formation Using Nanosecond Laser Pulses for P3 Patterning

The upscaling of perovskite solar cells to modules requires the patterning of the layer stack in individual cells that are monolithically interconnected in series. This interconnection scheme is composed of three lines, P1–P3, which are scribed using a pulsed laser beam. The P3 scribe is intended to isolate the back contact layer of neighboring cells, but is often affected by undesired effects such as back contact delamination, flaking, and poor electrical isolation. Herein, the influence of the laser pulse duration on the electrical and compositional properties of P3 scribe lines is investigated. The results show that both nanosecond and picosecond laser pulses are suitable for P3 patterning, with the nanosecond pulses leading to a higher open circuit voltage, a higher fill factor, and a higher power conversion efficiency. It is found that the longer pulse duration resultes in a larger amount of PbI2 formed within the P3 line and a thin Br‐rich interfacial layer which both effectively passivate defects at the scribe line edges and block charge carrier in its vicinity. Thus, nanosecond laser pulses are preferable for P3 patterning as they promote the formation of beneficial chemical phases, resulting in an improved photovoltaic performance.

An arithmetic count of the lines meeting four lines in 𝐏³

We enrich the classical count that there are two complex lines meeting four lines in space to an equality of isomorphism classes of bilinear forms. For any field k k , this enrichment counts the number of lines meeting four lines defined over k k in P k 3 \mathbf {P}^3_k , with such lines weighted by their fields of definition together with information about the cross-ratio of the intersection points and spanning planes. We generalize this example to an infinite family of such enrichments, obtained using an Euler number in A 1 \mathbf {A}^1 -homotopy theory. The classical counts are recovered by taking the rank of the bilinear forms.

A property of five lines in ℙ3 and four generated 4-instantons

We show that there exist mathematical 4-instanton bundles F on the projective 3-space such that F(2) is globally generated (by four global sections). This is equivalent to the existence of elliptic space curves of degree 8 defined by quartic equations. There is a (possibly incomplete) intersection theoretic argument for the existence of such curves in D’Almeida [Bull. Soc. Math. France 128 (2000), 577–584] and another argument, using results of Mori [Nagoya Math. J. 96 (1984), 127–132], in Chiodera and Ellia [Rend. Istit. Univ. Trieste 44 (2012), 413–422]. Our argument is quite different. We prove directly the existence of 4-instantons with the above property using the method of Hartshorne and Hirschowitz [Ann. Scient. Éc. Norm. Sup. (4) 15 (1982), 365–390] and a geometric result, of classical flavor, stating that the union of five general lines in the projective 3-space is the zero scheme of a global section of T(2), where T is the tangent bundle of the space. This approach sheds, also, some light on the set of jumping lines of a 4-instanton.

Principal co-Higgs bundles on ℙ1

AbstractFor complex connected, reductive, affine, algebraic groups G, we give a Lie-theoretic characterization of the semistability of principal G-co-Higgs bundles on the complex projective line ℙ1 in terms of the simple roots of a Borel subgroup of G. We describe a stratification of the moduli space in terms of the Harder–Narasimhan type of the underlying bundle.

Electron Microscopy Characterization of P3 Lines and Laser Scribing-Induced Perovskite Decomposition in Perovskite Solar Modules.

Hybrid metal halide perovskites have emerged as a potential photovoltaic material for low-cost thin film solar cells due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. However, high efficiencies obtained with lab-scale cells are difficult to replicate in large modules. The upscaling process requires careful optimization of multiple steps, such as laser scribing, which divides a module into serially connected cells using a pulsed laser beam. In this work, we characterize the effect of laser scribing on the perovskite layer adjacent to a P3 scribe line using analytical scanning and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy techniques. We demonstrate that lateral flow of residual thermal energy from picosecond laser pulses decomposes the perovskite layer over extended length scales. We propose that the exact nature of the change in perovskite composition is determined by the presence of preexisting PbI2 grains and hence by the original perovskite formation reaction. Furthermore, we show that along the P3 lines, the indium tin oxide contact is also damaged by high-fluence pulses. Our results provide a deeper understanding on the interaction between laser pulses and perovskite solar modules, highlighting the need to minimize material damage by careful tuning of both laser parameters and the device fabrication procedure.

Fermat-type configurations of lines in [formula omitted] and the containment problem

The purpose of this note is to show a new series of examples of homogeneous ideals I in K[x,y,z,w] for which the containment I(3)⊂I2 fails. These ideals are supported on certain arrangements of lines in P3, which resemble Fermat configurations of points in P2, see [14]. All examples exhibiting the failure of the containment I(3)⊆I2 constructed so far have been supported on points or cones over configurations of points. Apart from providing new counterexamples, these ideals seem quite interesting on their own.

Generalized Artin–Mumford curves over finite fields

Let Fq be the finite field of order q=ph with p>2 prime and h>1, and let Fq¯ be a subfield of Fq. From any two q¯-linearized polynomials L1,L2∈F‾q[T] of degree q, we construct an ordinary curve X(L1,L2) of genus g=(q−1)2 which is a generalized Artin–Schreier cover of the projective line P1. The automorphism group of X(L1,L2) over the algebraic closure F‾q of Fq contains a semidirect product Σ⋊Γ of an elementary abelian p-group Σ of order q2 by a cyclic group Γ of order q¯−1. We show that for L1≠L2, Σ⋊Γ is the full automorphism group Aut(X(L1,L2)) over F‾q; for L1=L2 there exists an extra involution and Aut(X(L1,L1))=Σ⋊Δ with a dihedral group Δ of order 2(q¯−1) containing Γ. Two different choices of the pair {L1,L2} may produce birationally isomorphic curves, even for L1=L2. We prove that any curve of genus (q−1)2 whose F‾q-automorphism group contains an elementary abelian subgroup of order q2 is birationally equivalent to X(L1,L2) for some separable q¯-linearized polynomials L1,L2 of degree q. We produce an analogous characterization in the special case L1=L2. This extends a result on the Artin–Mumford curves, due to Arakelian and Korchmáros [1].

Congruences and concurrent lines in multi-view geometry

We present a new framework for multi-view geometry in computer vision. A camera is a mapping between P3 and a line congruence. This model, which ignores image planes and measurements, is a natural abstraction of traditional pinhole cameras. It includes two-slit cameras, pushbroom cameras, catadioptric cameras, and many more. We study the concurrent lines variety, which consists of n-tuples of lines in P3 that intersect at a point. Combining its equations with those of various congruences, we derive constraints for corresponding images in multiple views. We also study photographic cameras which use image measurements and are modeled as rational maps from P3 to P2 or P1×P1.

Diallel analysis and genetic diversity of some yellow maize inbred lines (Zea mays L.) using RAPD and SSR markers

Information about combining ability and genetic diversity among maize inbred lines is fundamental in designing breeding strategies for improving grain yield. Twenty one F1 hybrids were generated by crossing seven yellow maize inbred lines in a half diallel mating scheme in 2013 season. The 21 F1 hybrids plus the two check hybrids (SC166 and SC173) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2014 season, to estimate combining ability effects and identify type of gene action governing the inheritance of grain yield and other important agronomic traits. Results showed that both general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability mean squares were highly significant for all the studied characters. The GCA/SCA ratio was more than unity for all the studied traits, except days to 50% silking, plant height and grain yield, indicating the preponderance of the additive gene effects in the inheritance of these traits. The inbred line P1 appeared to be the best general combiner for earliness, grain yield and its components. The crosses P1×P2, P3×P7, P4×P7, and P5×P6 had the best SCA effects for grain yield and most of its component traits. The cross P1×P2 significantly out-yielded the two check hybrids (SC166 and SC173). The genetic diversity among the seven yellow parental inbred lines was assessed using two types of molecular markers; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR). Seven random primers were used in the RAPD reactions, resulting in the amplification of 82 bands with 95.12% polymorphism. While, eight pairs of SSR primers were used and resulted in 49 fragments with 100% polymorphism. Genetic similarity among all possible pairs of inbred lines varied from 0.12 to 0.69, with an average of 0.34, for RAPD markers, and from 0.01 to 0.56, with an average of 0.24, for SSR markers. The similarity matrices for RAPD and SSR data were not significantly correlated (r=0.34, p >0.05). Genetic distances based on RAPD and SSR markers were insignificantly correlated with F1 hybrids grain yield, the correlation values being (r =0.02 and 0.429 P>0.05), respectively. Therefore, the parental genetic distance could not be used to predict the grain yield of the F1 hybrids in this study.