Multiuser detection for space-time coded synchronous multiple-access systems in the presence of independent Rayleigh fading is considered. Under the assumption of quasi-static fading, it is shown that optimal (full diversity achieving) space-time codes designed for single-user channels, can still provide full diversity in the multiuser channel. The joint optimal maximum likelihood multiuser detector, which can be implemented with a Viterbi-type algorithm, is derived for such space-time coded systems. Low complexity, partitioned detector structures that separate the multiuser detection and space-time decoding into two stages are also developed. Both linear and nonlinear multiuser detection schemes are considered for the first stage of these partitioned space-time multiuser receivers. Simulation results show that these latter methods achieve performance competitive with the single-user bound for space-time coded systems.