Linear Correlation Analysis Research Articles

The sedimentary environment and main controlling factors of organic matter enrichment of Carboniferous-Permian marine-continental transitional shale in Kaiping syncline

The shale from the Carboniferous and Permian Taiyuan–Shanxi Formation in Kaiping syncline has good prospects for shale gas exploration and development. To understand the evolutionary characteristics of the sedimentary environment in this area and their relationships with organic matter enrichment. Shale samples from the Taiyuan-Shanxi in Well KP1 were selected as research objects, followed by organic geochemical research, elemental geochemical analysis, and numerical analysis. The results show that the sedimentary period of the Shanxi Formation was marked by a medium productivity level. The sedimentary water column was composed of brackish water and seawater deposits in an anoxic reduction environment. The Taiyuan Formation shale was characterized by a medium level of paleoproductivity. The sedimentary water column was composed of brackish water deposits in an anoxic reduction environment. According to the linear correlation analysis of paleoenvironmental conditions and TOC content. This study suggests that ancient water salinity is the main factor controlling the enrichment of organic matter in the sedimentary stage of the Taiyuan-Shanxi Formation.

Ensemble learning algorithms to elucidate the core microbiome's impact on carbon content and degradation properties at the soil aggregate level

Soil aggregates are crucial for soil organic carbon (OC) accumulation. This study, utilizing a 32-year fertilization experiment, investigates whether the core microbiome can elucidate variations in carbon content and decomposition across different aggregate sizes more effectively than broader bacterial and fungal community analyses. Employing ensemble learning algorithms that integrate machine learning with network inference, we found that the core microbiome accounts for an average increase of 26 % and 20 % in the explained variance of PCoA and Adonis analyses, respectively, in response to fertilization. Compared to the control, inorganic and organic fertilizers decreased the decomposition index (DDI) by 31 % and 38 %, respectively. The fungal core microbiome predominantly influenced OC content and DDI in larger macroaggregates (>2000 μm), explaining over 35 % of the variance, while the bacterial core microbiome had a lesser impact, explaining <30 %. Conversely, in smaller aggregates (<2000 μm), the bacterial core microbiome significantly influenced DDI (R2 > 0.2), and the fungal core microbiome more strongly affected OC content (R2 > 0.3). Mantel tests showed that pH is the most significant environmental factor affecting core microbiome composition across all aggregate sizes (Mantel's r > 0.8, P < 0.01). Linear correlation analysis further confirmed that the core microbiome's community structure could accurately predict OC content and DDI in aggregates (R2 > 0.8, P < 0.05). Overall, our findings suggested that the core microbiome provides deeper insights into the variability of aggregate organic carbon content and decomposition, with the bacterial core microbiome playing a particularly pivotal role within the soil aggregates.

A Machine Learning‐Based Approach to Quantify ENSO Sources of Predictability

AbstractA machine learning method is used to identify sources of long‐term ENSO predictability in the ocean (sea surface temperature (SST) and heat content) and the atmosphere (near‐surface zonal wind (U10)). Tropical SST represents the primary source of predictability skill. While U10 does not increase the skill when associated with SST, our analysis suggests U10 alone has apredictive skill comparable to that of SST between 11 and 21 months in advance, from late fall up to late spring. The long‐lead signal originates from coupled wind‐SST interactions across the Indian Ocean (IO) and propagates across the Pacific via an atmospheric bridge mechanism. A linear correlation analysis supports this mechanism, suggesting a precursor link between anomalies in SST in the western and wind in the eastern IO. Our results have important implications for ENSO predictions beyond 1 year ahead and identify the key role of U10 over the IO.

Assessing the Influence of Sustainable Tourism Practices on Conservation and Socio-Economic Development in Kosovo's Protected Areas

This study investigates the impact of sustainable tourism on the conservation of Kosovo's protected areas, offering insights into the synergy between tourism development and environmental preservation. Through a survey of 114 protected areas and an analysis of managers' responses to 15 questions, the research evaluates the effects of sustainable practices on local employment, biodiversity, environmental integrity, and the preservation of cultural heritage. Utilizing linear regression and correlation analysis, the findings reveal that sustainable tourism practices significantly contribute to local employment growth, biodiversity conservation, environmental protection, and the maintenance of cultural heritage. These outcomes illustrate that sustainable tourism not only upholds the ecological and social fabric of protected areas but also promotes economic advancement. The study highlights the essential role of sustainable practices in protected areas, emphasizing their importance in ensuring the long-term preservation of these regions while supporting local economies and cultural heritage. The research underscores the necessity of integrating sustainable tourism within protected areas to achieve a balanced approach to conservation and development. Received: 1 April 2024 / Accepted: 16 July 2024 / Published: 02 July 2024

Scaling relationships between the total number of leaves and the total leaf area per culm of two dwarf bamboo species.

Total leaf area per plant is an important measure of the photosynthetic capacity of an individual plant that together with plant density drives the canopy leaf area index, that is, the total leaf area per unit ground area. Because the total number of leaves per plant (or per shoot) varies among conspecifics and among mixed species communities, this variation can affect the total leaf area per plant and per canopy but has been little studied. Previous studies have shown a strong linear relationship between the total leaf area per plant (or per shoot) (A T) and the total number of leaves per plant (or per shoot) (N T) on a log-log scale for several growth forms. However, little is known whether such a scaling relationship also holds true for bamboos, which are a group of Poaceae plants with great ecological and economic importance in tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions. To test whether the scaling relationship holds true in bamboos, two dwarf bamboo species (Shibataea chinensis Nakai and Sasaella kongosanensis 'Aureostriatus') with a limited but large number of leaves per culm were examined. For the two species, the leaves from 480 and 500 culms, respectively, were sampled and A T was calculated by summing the areas of individual leaves per culm. Linear regression and correlation analyses reconfirmed that there was a significant log-log linear relationship between A T and N T for each species. For S. chinensis, the exponent of the A T versus N T scaling relationship was greater than unity, whereas that of S. kongosanensis 'Aureostriatus' was smaller than unity. The coefficient of variation in individual leaf area increased with increasing N T for each species. The data reconfirm that there is a strong positive power-law relationship between A T and N T for each of the two species, which may reflect adaptations of plants in response to intra- and inter-specific competition for light.

Sustainable Product Design Strategy: A Comparative Analysis on the M113

This empirical study investigates the relationship between the inventory trends of M113 armored vehicles and sustainable design strategies in the defense sectors of Türkiye and the USA with the perspective of industrial design. Utilizing ARIMA modeling and linear correlation analysis, data collected up to 2022 reveals distinct patterns in vehicle inventory dynamics. The ARIMA analysis produced reliable coefficients despite limited data availability, suggesting feasible numerical assessments. Results indicate that in the USA, the introduction of alternative vehicles such as the Bradley, designed with sustainable principles, led to the phased reduction of M113s. Conversely, Türkiye's inventory trends reflect a linear relationship between the absence of vehicles with design integrity and sustained M113 usage, with modernization efforts prolonging its presence. The study underscores the economic advantages of implementing sustainable product design strategies in armored vehicle development, particularly evident in the USA's production of the Abrams tank and Bradley tracked armored carrier. Despite Türkiye's prolonged reliance on M113s, it highlights the necessity of comprehensive feedback mechanisms and professional units to perform sustainable design strategies. Moreover, it reveals the inefficiency of solely relying on modernization for operational vehicle counts in developing countries, emphasizing the importance of balancing technological advancements with vehicle design integrity. This study sheds light on the evolving nature of sustainable design strategies in defense sectors, urging countries to integrate comprehensive feedback mechanisms and design integrity principles into their armored vehicle development processes for long-term effectiveness and economic viability.

High-Resolution Yield Mapping for Eucalyptus grandis—A Case Study

Yield data represent a valuable layer for supporting decision-making as they reflect crop management results. Forestry decision-makers often rely on coarse spatial resolution data (e.g., forest inventory plots) despite the availability of modern harvesters that can provide high-resolution forestry yield data. The objectives of this study were to present a method for generating high-resolution Eucalyptus grandis yield data (individual tree-level) and explore their applications, such as correlation analysis with soil attributes to aid nutrient recommendations. Two evaluations were conducted at two sites in Brazil: (a) assessing the positioning accuracy of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver positioning, and (b) analyzing the yield data and their correlation with the soil attributes. The results indicated that positioning the GNSS receiver at the harvesting head provided higher accuracy than placement at the top of the harvester cabin for individual tree-level data. Reliable yield data were generated despite the GNSS receiver’s increased susceptibility to damage when mounted on a harvest head. The linear correlation analysis between the Eucalyptus grandis yield data and soil attributes showed both negative (Clay, B, S, coarse sand, and potential acidity − H + Al) and positive correlations (K, Mg, pH-SMP, Ca, sum of bases, pH, base saturation, fine sand, total sand, and silt content). This study demonstrates the feasibility of obtaining high-resolution yield data at the individual tree-level and their correlation with soil attributes, providing valuable insights for improving forestry decision-making.

Microbial community dynamics and nitrogen transformation associated with turbid-turned culture stage of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei in small greenhouse farms

Small greenhouse farms have experienced rapid expansion of Litopenaeus vannamei culture in China in recent years. To investigate microbial community dynamics and nitrogen transformation during the early critical stage, known as the turbid-turned stage in small greenhouse farms, microbial samples from the water column of small greenhouses were analyzed by 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, along with the detection of ammonia nitrogen in water. The results of water quality analysis revealed that accumulated ammonia nitrogen was converted to nitrite as the water color transitioned from clear green to turbid brown. High-throughput sequencing data demonstrated a shift in dominant microorganisms from zooplankton to algae and bacteria during the turbid-turned stage, and the main functional microbial taxa, such Marivita and Chlorella, were enriched. The results of Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size and canonical correlation analyses indicated that the compositions of key microbial communities were correlated with environmental factors. Furthermore, analysis of functional genes indicated that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were present in the early growth stage, while the abundance of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria was low during the early culture stage. Overall, the findings suggest that microorganisms during the turbid-turned stage in small greenhouses may play a crucial role in regulating water quality and promoting shrimp health within a stable small greenhouse environment.

Estimation of economic equations as a management tool in feedlot dairy farming

The aim of this study was to evaluate Pearson's linear correlations between productive and economic indicators as well as to estimate economic equations as tools in dairy farming. We used the database of the Research Group, registered with CNPq under the title ‘Animal and Forage Production in Piaui’, which consisted of two experiments with feedlot lactating cows. Economic and productive indicators were employed. Correlations were determined by Pearson’s linear correlation analysis, using the ‘t’ test. Equations were estimated via regression, using Saeg software (Statistical and Genetic Analysis System), considering α = 0.05. Based on concepts related to Pearson's linear correlation and dairy farming management, we were able to find correlations that allowed us to estimate simple, yet very informative equations, which facilitated the interpretation of the management of a dairy farm. Among the studied variables, net present value, internal rate of return, the cost per liter of milk produced and net margin were those which most contributed to the estimation of equations.

Pengaruh Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Akebono Brake Astra Indonesia

Leadership on Employee Performance at PT. Akebono Brake Astra Indonesia, Management Study Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Jayabaya University, under the guidance of Dr. Mustangin Amin, SE., MM. This research aims to find out whether there is an influence between Leadership (XI) on Employee Performance (Y) of PT employees. Akebono Brake Astra Indonesia. The method used in this research is a quantitative method with data collection techniques through questionnaires. The sample used in this research was 53 respondents. The data analysis techniques in this research are validity test, reliability test, correlation coefficient analysis, simple linear regression analysis, t test, and determination correlation analysis using the SPSS 25 program. The research results show that leadership has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction at PT. Akebono Brake Astra Indonesia, where the significant value resulting from processing the t test is 0.000 &lt; 0.05, and the calculated t value is 3.894 &gt; t table 2.008, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that partially there is a significant influence between leadership variables on employee performance . The results of the coefficient of determination show an R square value of 0.214 or 21.4%, which means that the influence of leadership on employee performance is only 21.4%, while the remaining 78.6% is influenced by other factors not found in this research. Suggestions in this research for PT. Akebono Brake Astra Indonesia is a company that needs to pay more attention to the health of its employees, and companies need to supervise employees in completing work. Keywords: Employee Performance and Leadership.

Release of perfluoroalkyl acids from sediments under the effects of the discharge ratio and flow flux at a Y-shaped confluence

The sediments in riverine environments contain notably high concentrations of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), which may be released into the water body under different hydrodynamic forces, such as those occurring at Y-shaped confluences. The release of PFAAs may pose a significant risk to the surrounding aquatic ecosystems. However, our understanding of the release and transport of PFAAs from sediments at Y-shaped confluences remains unclear. Thus, in this study, we performed a series of flume experiments to explore the effects of discharge ratio and total flow flux on the release and redistribution of PFAAs. The results indicated that these two parameters significantly affected the hydrodynamic features of confluences and the water physicochemical parameters. PFAA concentrations in the dissolved phase and suspended particulate matter (SPM) rose significantly as the discharge ratio and total flow flux increased. The dissolved phase was the predominant loading form of PFAAs, with short-chain PFAAs being the main kind, while long-chain PFAAs were dominant in the SPM. The spatial distribution pattern of PFAAs in sediments at the confluence exhibited a high degree of correspondence with hydrodynamic zones. The separation zone and maximum velocity zone were consistent with sediment regions with low and high capacities to release PFAAs, respectively. The patterns of variation in PFAA distribution were comparable to those observed in hydrodynamic zones as the discharge ratio and total flow flux varied. Furthermore, these two parameters altered the partitioning behaviors of PFAAs; specifically, the PFAAs in sediments tended to be released into the pore-water, while the liberated PFAAs tended to attach to SPM. Linear regression and correlation analyses suggested that the stream-wise and vertical flow velocity components near the sediment-water interface were the primary contributors to sediment suspension and PFAA exchange between the water column and pore-water. These findings will help us to understand the patterns of PFAA release in sediments at Y-shaped confluences and assist in the management of PFAA-contaminated sediments at these locations.

Association between park vitality and commercial vitality: a case study in Chengdu

ABSTRACT Urban vitality stands as a pivotal metric for evaluating the sustainability and appeal of urban environments. Global experiences underscore the significance of parks and shopping centers as crucial components of urban vitality spaces. However, existing literature predominantly concentrates on the individual impacts of parks or shopping centers on urban vitality, with limited exploration into the vitality relationship between them, often relying on linear correlation analyses. To address this gap, this study, centered on the renowned Park City of Chengdu in China, employs Baidu heatmap and POI data, utilizing a combination of spatial syntax and linear and non-linear analysis methods to examine the influence of road accessibility on the vitality of shopping malls and parks, as well as their correlation. Findings indicate: (1) High-vitality shopping malls primarily cluster within the first ring road, while park utilization is notably higher in the southern urban area. (2) High-vitality parks and shopping centers are situated in regions characterized by elevated global integration and efficiency values, suggesting their vitality is influenced by road accessibility. (3) Linear correlation analysis, with global integration and efficiency values controlled, yields correlation coefficients of 0.797 and 0.795 for high-vitality parks and shopping centers, respectively. Non-linear correlation analysis indicates a correlation coefficient close to 0.7 between park vitality and shopping mall vitality, highlighting a strong correlation between them. This study elucidates the critical relationship between park vitality and commercial vitality in urban layout, offering valuable insights for urban planning strategies aimed at promoting sustainable urban development.

Development and Validation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay-Based Protocol for Evaluation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines.

Recently, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines based on the prefusion F (pre-F) antigen were approved in the United States. We aimed to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based protocol for the practical and large-scale evaluation of RSV vaccines. Two modified pre-F proteins (DS-Cav1 and SC-TM) were produced by genetic recombination and replication using an adenoviral vector. The protocol was established by optimizing the concentrations of the coating antigen (pre-F proteins), secondary antibodies, and blocking buffer. To validate the protocol, we examined its accuracy, precision, and specificity using serum samples from 150 participants across various age groups and the standard serum provided by the National Institute of Health. In the linear correlation analysis, coating concentrations of 5 and 2.5 μg/mL of DS-Cav1 and SC-TM showed high coefficients of determination (r > 0.90), respectively. Concentrations of secondary antibodies (alkaline phosphatase-conjugated anti-human immunoglobulin G, diluted 1:2000) and blocking reagents (5% skim milk/PBS-T) were optimized to minimize non-specific reactions. High accuracy was observed for DS-Cav1 (r = 0.90) and SC-TM (r = 0.86). Further, both antigens showed high precision (coefficient of variation < 15%). Inhibition ELISA revealed cross-reactivity of antibodies against DS-Cav1 and SC-TM, but not with the attachment (G) protein.

Reproducibility of Air Displacement Plethysmography in Term and Preterm Infants-A Study to Enhance Body Composition Analysis in Clinical Routine.

The quality-initiative analysis of weekly duplicate PEAPOD® body composition measurements was conducted from clinical practice (January to September 2021) on preterm and term infants without respiratory support. Statistical analysis, including regression analysis, Bland-Altman plots and cv-root-mean-square tests, was performed. A total of 188 duplicate (376 individual) measurements were collected from 119 infants (88 preterm, 31 term). The median absolute difference between duplicates was 31.5 g for fat-free mass (FFM). Linear correlation analysis showed R2 = 0.97 for FFM. The absolute differences in FFM and fat mass did not significantly correlate with increasing age. The %FFM differed (p = 0.02) across body weight groups of 1 kg < BW ≤ 2 kg (1.8%; IQR: 0.8, 3.6) and BW > 3 kg (0.9%; IQR: 0.3, 2.1). The median absolute differences were 1 g (IQR: 0.4, 3.1) for body weight and 5.6 mL (IQR: 2.1, 11.8) for body volume. Body volume estimation is charged with a constant absolute error, which is the main factor for differences between repeated body composition assessments. This error becomes more prominent in infants with lower body weights. Nevertheless, reproducibility of weekly PEAPOD testing is sufficient to monitor body compartment changes, offering a foundation for nutritional decisions in both preterm and term infants.

Aspects of Throughput Rate and Scientific Output in Doctoral Education: Changes over Time at the Departmental Level

Doctoral education has been shaped by a continuous interaction between the research community and representatives of the governmental authorities. In Sweden, doctorates were organised into structured educational programmes in 1969. In this study, the development of doctoral education in Medical Radiation Physics at Lund University, Sweden, was analysed over approximately 50 years, in terms of quantitative parameters related to throughput rate and scientific production making up the doctoral theses. Theses from two time periods (1970 to 1999 versus 2001 to 2023) were compared in terms of the total number of full papers (either accepted or in manuscript form), number of accepted full papers and number of accepted full papers as first author. For all three categories of included papers, median values were not significantly different between the two time periods while the variances were significantly smaller for the period 2001 to 2023 (level of significance 0.05). The time between admission and thesis defence decreased with time, according to linear correlation analysis, while the number of supervisors increased. Doctoral theses showed a significantly more uniform composition after a major political reform in 1998. Hence, doctoral education can be described as becoming more efficient and predictable. It is suggested that the primary causes include the introduction of individual study plans and secured personal financial support. The increased efficiency can also be problematised regarding, for example, insufficient independence and limited freedom of research.

Positive Correlation between BMI and Left Ventricle and Atrium Inside Diameter Size in Chinese Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Left Ventricular and Atrial Enlargement.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) commonly exhibit overlooked left ventricular and atrial hypertrophy. This research identifies potential risk factors and intervention targets. T2DM patients with normal ejection fraction values were enrolled, while we eliminated influences on heart size, such as hypertension and coronary heart disease. Variables for each participant, including height, weight, age, body mass index (BMI), and blood biochemistry, were recorded before patients were categorized into four groups based on heart size. Multiple linear regression and Pearson's correlation analyses were applied to investigate the possible correlations. Three years of clinical data were collected for each T2DM patient, while patients with incomplete data or interference factors affecting heart size were excluded. BMI, adjusted fasting blood glucose (FBG), glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and age all showed a significant positive correlation with the inner diameter of the left ventricle and atrium in groups exhibiting hypertrophy. In T2DM patients, BMI correlated positively with left ventricular enlargement, suggesting its potential role as a risk factor. Weight control may be an effective intervention for left ventricular enlargement, to reduce the likelihood of heart failure.

Ischaemic and haemorrhagic risk distribution in real-life patients with acute coronary syndromes

Background Effective treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS) requires careful assessment of both ischaemic and bleeding risks. We aimed to analyse risk distribution and evaluate antiplatelet prescription behaviours in real-life settings. Methods Data from 1100 NSTEACS patients in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from the Buenos Aires I Registry, with a 15-month follow-up, were analysed. In-hospital and 6-month GRACE scores, CRUSADE, and Precise DAPT scores were calculated. Results The mean age was 65.4 ± 11.5 years with a majority being male (77.2%). In-hospital mortality was 2.7%, primarily due to cardiovascular causes (1.8%). Bleeding events occurred in 20.9% of patients, with 4.9% classified as ≥ BARC 3. Predominance of low bleeding (71.3%) and ischaemic (55.8%) risks on admission was observed. At 6 months, the low-risk Precise category (70.9%) and GRACE (44.1%) categories prevailed. Linear correlation analysis showed a moderately positive correlation (r = 0.61, p < .05) between ischaemic–haemorrhagic risks. Regarding the prescription of antiplatelet agents, in the low ischaemic–haemorrhagic risk group, there was a predominance of aspirin + clopidogrel (41.2%) over other high-potency antiplatelet regimens (aspirin + ticagrelor or prasugrel). In the low ischaemic and high haemorrhagic risk group, aspirin and clopidogrel were also predominant (58%). Conclusions Our analysis underscores the significant relationship between ischaemic and haemorrhagic risks during NSTEACS hospitalisation. Despite the majority of patients falling into the low-intermediate risk category, the prescription of P2Y12 inhibitors in real-life settings does not consistently align with these risks.

#2793 Improvement of bone mineral density in kidney transplant recipients: it is just denosumab?

Abstract Background and Aims Post-transplant bone disease is a common complication after a kidney transplant. Several factors, including pre-existing CKD-MBD, steroid, and CNI immunosuppressive treatment, contribute to this condition and increase the risk of bone loss and fractures. Among various therapeutic strategies, Denosumab, a human monoclonal antibody against RANK-L, can decrease the risk of fracture in Kidney Transplant Recipients (KTRs). The most reported side effects are episodes of hypocalcemia, which are associated with an increase in parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. The FDA recommends treating these episodes with calcium supplements and cholecalciferol; another alternative is the use of receptor activators (VDRa). To our knowledge, there are only a few case reports in the literature analyzing the effect of combined treatment with VDRa and Denosumab. In this observational study, we evaluated changes in laboratory data and bone density (BMD) assessed by DXA in KTRs that received Denosumab with or without VDRa supplementation. Method This retrospective study evaluated 18 kidney transplant recipients who started Denosumab therapy after transplantation. The patients were divided into two groups: those who started or increased vitamin D receptor agonist therapy within the first 6 months before the second dose of Denosumab, and those who did not. We analyzed at baseline (T0) and after 1 year from first Denosumab administration (T1) creatinine, calcium, phosphate, PTH, bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin (OC), carboxy-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type 1 collagen (CTX), and 25-OH vitamin D and BMD at vertebral lumbar spine, femoral neck and total Hip. Furthermore, we evaluated Trabecular Bone Score (TBS). We performed ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables based on distribution and Fisher's test for categorical variables. To assess the correlation between variables, we used linear regression and the Pearson correlation coefficient. Additionally, we conducted logistic regression to analyze the outcomes. Results A total of 18 patients were included in the study cohort. Of these, 66.7% were females, and 33.3% were males, with an average age of 67 years (Table 1). 13 patients started or uptitrated VDRa within the first 6 months (VDRa group), while 5 did not (Control group). At baseline, the VDRa group had a lower eGFR and higher PTH compared to the Control group, although both were at the threshold of statistical significance (37.38 vs 52.20 mL/min/1.73 m², p = 0.060 and 106.77 vs 72.60 pg/mL, p = 0.069). However, they had significantly lower serum calcium levels (8.96 vs 9.90 mg/dL, p = 0.039). In terms of baseline bone structure, there were no significant differences between the two groups at any of the three sites examined. At 1 year the VDRa group had a significantly greater gain at the Total Hip (+0.08 vs −0.03 g/cm3, p = 0.048 and +10.81 vs −4.16%, p = 0.037). Additionally, the VDRa group had an increase in TBS, while the Control group had a reduction, and this absolute and percentage variation between the two was statistically significant (+0.07 vs −0.02, p = 0.034 and +6.14 vs −1.62, p = 0.043) (Table 2). In linear correlation analysis higher doses of VDRa were significantly and positively associated with Delta BMD at the Total Hip (r = 0.65, p = 0.003). However, a significant correlation was highlighted between VDRa dosage and PTH reduction (r = −0.51, p = 0.027). Finally, in univariate logistic regression analysis, the dosage of VDRA was significantly and positively associated with 5% BMD gain at the Total Hip (OR = 1.54, CI 1.08 to 1.89, p = 0.046) (Fig. 1). Conclusion After conducting our study, we found that the use of Denosumab had a positive impact on bone mineral density. In addition to that, we observed that the association with VDRa led to further improvement in BMD and better control of PTH. Despite having a small sample size, our study demonstrates that VDRa not only helps in correcting hypocalcemia but also enhances the effect of Denosumab.

Pengaruh Manajemen Kas, Manajemen Piutang, Dan Manajemen Persediaan Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Makanan Dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to test the influence of Cash Management, Accounts Receivable Management and Inventory Management on Profitability in Indonesian Food and Beverage Subsector Manufacturing companies registered in Indonesia in the period 2020-2022. The population used is 35 Manufacture companies of the Food and Beverage subsector registered in Indonesia. Sample determination is carried out using the purposive sampling method approach, based on sample determination criteria that have been carried out by 20 companies during the period 2020-2022. The study also uses quantitative approaches and techniques of multiple linear regression analysis, correlation analysis and coefficient of determination, as well as hypothesis tests using T test and F test previously performed classical assumption test first. The result of this study is that simultaneously the influence of cash management (X1), accounts receivable management (X2), inventory management (X3) on profitability (Y) obtained Fcompat (3,680) is greater than Ftable (2,680) 76). This indicates that simultaneously Cash management (X1), Accounts receivable management (X2), Inventory management (X3) against profitability (Y). The test results partially show that there is a positive and significant influence on inventory management on profitability. Cash management and accounts receivable have a negative and insignificant effect on profitability.

New sagittal abdominal diameter and transverse abdominal diameter based equations to estimate visceral fat area in type 2 diabetes patients

ObjectiveComputed Tomography (CT) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are considered gold standards for measuring visceral fat area (VFA). However, their relatively high prices and potential radiation exposure limit their widespread use in clinical practice and everyday life. Therefore, our study aims to develop a VFA estimated equation based on sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) and transverse abdominal diameter (TAD) using anthropometric indexes. To the best of our knowledge, there have been limited studies investigating this aspect thus far.MethodsThis study was designed as a cross-sectional, retrospective cohort survey. A total of 288 patients (167 males and 121 females) aged 18–80 with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were consecutively collected from a multicenter hospital, and VFA was measured by CT. Subsequently, variables highly correlated with VFA were screened through general linear correlation analysis. A stepwise regression analysis was then conducted to develop a VFA estimated equation. Discrepancies between the estimated and actual VFA values were assessed using the Bland-Altman method to validate the accuracy of the equation.ResultsIn the female T2D population, triglyceride (TG), SAD, TAD were found to be independently correlated with VFA; in the male T2D population, BMI, TG, SAD and TAD showed independent correlations with VFA. Among these variables, SAD exhibited the strongest correlation with VFA (r = 0.83 for females, r = 0.88 for males), followed by TAD (r = 0.69 for females, r = 0.79 for males). Based on these findings, a VFA estimated equation was developed for the T2D population: VFA (male) =-364.16 + 15.36*SAD + 0.77*TG + 9.41*TAD − 5.00*BMI (R2 = 0.75, adjusted R2 = 0.74); VFA(female)=-170.87 + 9.72*SAD-24.29*(TG^-1) + 3.93*TAD (R2 = 0.69, adjusted R2 = 0.68). Both models demonstrated a good fit. The Bland-Altman plot indicated a strong agreement between the actual VFA values and the estimated values, the mean differences were close to 0, and the majority of differences fell within the 95% confidence interval.ConclusionsIn the T2D population, a VFA estimated equation is developed by incorporating SAD and TAD along with other measurement indices. This equation demonstrates a favorable estimated performance, suggesting to the development of novel and practical VFA estimation models in the future study.