Line Positions Research Articles

Seepage stability analysis of geogrid reinforced tailings dam

To investigate the influence of a geogrid-reinforced tailings dam on the seepage stability of the dam body, this paper was based on the field test of a reinforced tailings accumulation dam. The study utilized the finite element strength reduction method to simulate the stability of the main dam of the Fengshuigou tailings reservoir under different seepage conditions using ABAQUS software. Additionally, the paper discussed the impact of conventional heightening, dry beach length, and geogrid reinforcement on the position and safety factor of the saturation line of the dam body. The results showed that when the dam body was raised, the saturation line rose by 2.8–5.3 m, resulting in a decrease in the safety factor. The geogrid effectively reduced the height of the saturation line in the tailings dam. In comparison to the unreinforced condition (dam heightening), the saturation line of the tailings dam decreased by 0.9–2.8 m under the local reinforcement condition and by 3.2–12.5 m under the overall reinforcement condition. The geogrid significantly improved the stability of the tailings dam. Furthermore, under the local reinforcement condition, the safety factor of the dam increased by 3.8–5.5%, and under the overall reinforcement condition, it increased by 35.9–42.9%, when compared to the unreinforced condition. Increasing the dry beach length improved the stability of the tailings dam, and under normal working conditions, the safety of the tailings dam was much higher than under the minimum dry beach condition. These results served as a reference for the design of the dam and the new tailings reservoir, laying a foundation for the sustainable development and environmental protection of the tailings pond.

MPG-LSD: A high-quality line segment detector based on multi-scale perceptual grouping

Existing methods that rely on a single Gaussian scale to detect line segments could yield poor line continuity and inferior orientation and position accuracy due to insufficient suppression of quantization noise inherent in digital images. To address this fundamental issue, a novel multi-scale perceptual grouping-based line segment detector (MPG-LSD) is proposed in this paper. Our multi-scale perceptual grouping is developed to identify and aggregate collinear pixels that have similar gradient orientations for producing line segment candidates, not only over the input image but also across a set of Gaussian scales. Multi-scale line segment refinement and validation are then further developed and implemented to produce the final detection result, which delivers high quality in terms of line continuity, orientation and position accuracy. To enrich the evaluation of line segment detection performance, a new dataset consisting of high-resolution and natural noise-corrupted images with line segment annotations is constructed. Extensive experimental results show that our proposed MPG-LSD can outperform the current state-of-the-arts by a large margin.

In their own language: cues guiding sticky spiral placement by Micrathena duodecimspinosa (Araneae: Araneidae)

Abstract Orb-web construction behaviour, a classic example of ‘innate’ behaviour, is highly flexible. Determining which cues guide construction behaviour is complicated by the strong correlations between some variables, and the difficulty of manipulating of some web variables in biologically realistic ways. This study utilized a new experimental technique, adding sticky lines to webs during construction, to examine cues that guide sticky spiral spacing. Deflections and subsequent reductions in spacing produced by experiments that involved relatively long radii resembled the reduced spacing pattern on short radii in control webs; radius length was thus not the cue eliciting reduced spacing in control webs. An alternative, that smaller inter-radius distances elicited reduced spacing, was supported by experimentally removing radii to increase the distances between radii. The new technique also elicited variation in responses that suggested that spiders may use mental cues such as memories or expectations of line positions to guide sticky spiral placement.

Study on immobilisation process on lateral flow assay test strip for detection of Enrofloxacin antibiotic by inkjet printing

Enrofloxacin has been widely and increasingly used in veterinary medicine to treat infection on animals which could lead to antibiotic resistance for the consumer. Among the available detection techniques for Enrofloxacin, immunoassay lateral flow test strip is realised to be a rapid and accurate detection method for on-site analysis of Enrofloxacin antibiotic. The current study aims to analyse the application of inkjet printing technology on the immobilisation of biological substances at the test line and control line position of the test strip. With the printing parameters value at 35 °C, 35 °C, 7 layers and 15 μm for cartridge temperature, substrate temperature, printing layers and drop spacing, respectively, the fabricated test strips show correlation coefficient R 2 at 0.993 for the test with Enrofloxacin samples in the concentration range from 0 to 100 ppb. Compared to conventional fabrication method, the immobilisation process utilising inkjet printing technology is considered to be superior in printing patterns with a simple and material-saving process, which holds a potential of innovative and financially beneficial approach for on-site detection of Enrofloxacin antibiotic.

New acetylene line list near 3.8-μm - Part III - 12C13CH2 and 12C2HD

The intensities of minor acetylene isotopologues 12C13CH2 and 12C2HD have been studied from Fourier transform spectra of acetylene in natural abundance using high optical path length. This study completes the work performed in the two first paper of the series (JQSRT 2023;295:108,413 and JQSRT 2023;311:108,771) where 71 bands of 12C2H2 were studied in the ΔP = 4 spectral region (∼2400–2900 cm−1). In this work, 692 measured line intensities allowed to derive vibrational transition dipole moment squared (and sometimes Herman-Wallis coefficients) for 11 bands of 12C13CH2 and 6 bands of 12C2HD. Using line positions and broadening parameters from literature, a line list has been generated for atmospheric and astrophysical applications.

Blueprints to Benefits: Towards an Index to Measure the Impact of Sustainable Product Development on the Firm’s Bottom Line

This study pioneers the development of the Sustainable Product Impact (SPI) Index, a novel framework designed to bridge the gap in existing sustainability assessment methodologies by focusing specifically on the influence of sustainable product development on a firm’s financial outcomes. For the first time, this research draws on the core principles of economics, marketing, and environmental sciences research fields to provide a comprehensive tool that enables businesses to quantify the multifaceted impacts of their sustainability initiatives within a corporate context. The SPI Index is an innovative metric that evaluates various factors, including financial and market performance, operational efficiency, brand perception, regulatory benefits, and long-term strategic advantages. This holistic approach allows for a more nuanced understanding of how sustainable practices influence a company’s bottom line and overall market position. Key findings of this research reveal that integrating sustainable product development into business strategies enhances environmental stewardship and impacts financial performance. The SPI Index has demonstrated its capacity to provide detailed insights into the specific areas of sustainability that most strongly affect profitability, thereby guiding businesses in their strategic planning and decision-making processes. In terms of originality and value, this study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by offering a unique and practical tool for businesses. The SPI Index stands out in its ability to translate sustainability efforts into quantifiable financial metrics, promoting a more integrated and balanced approach to corporate sustainability and profitability. Hence, this research plays a crucial role in guiding companies toward responsible corporate citizenship while focusing on economic viability in the modern business landscape.

Verification labels for rovibronic quantum-state energy uncertainties

Transition wavenumbers contained in line-by-line rovibronic databases can be compromised by errors of various nature. When left undetected, these errors may result in incorrect quantum-state energies, potentially compromising a large number of derived spectroscopic data. Spectroscopic networks treat the complete set of line-by-line spectroscopic data as a large graph, and through a least-squares refinement the measured line positions are converted into empirical quantum-state energies. Spectroscopic networks also offer a highly useful framework to develop mathematical tools helping to identify possible errors and conflicts within the dataset. For example, wavenumber errors can be detected by checking for violations of the law of energy conservation. This paper describes a new graph-theory tool, which results in so-called verification labels for the quantum states. Verification labels help to express the vulnerability of a calculated empirical energy value and its uncertainty against possible wavenumber errors, providing complementary information to simple statistical uncertainties.

A hybrid approach to generating diatomic line lists for high resolution studies of exoplanets and other hot astronomical objects: updates to ExoMol MgO, TiO, and VO line lists

ABSTRACT The best molecular line lists for astrophysical applications today require both high accuracy of line positions for strong lines as well as high overall completeness. The former is required to enable, for example, molecular detection in high-resolution cross-correlation observations of exoplanets, while completeness is required for accurate spectroscopic and radiative properties over broad temperature and spectral ranges. The use of empirical energies generated with the marvel procedure is a standard way to improve accuracy; here we explore methods of extending the use of these levels using predicted shifts and isotopologue extrapolation, as well as augmenting the levels from other sources such as effective Hamiltonian studies. These methods are used to update ExoMol line lists for the main $^{24}$Mg$^{16}$O and $^{48}$Ti$^{16}$O isotopologues, as well as for $^{24}$Mg$^{17}$O, $^{24}$Mg$^{18}$O, $^{25}$Mg$^{16}$O, $^{26}$Mg$^{16}$O, $^{46}$Ti$^{16}$O, $^{47}$Ti$^{16}$O, $^{49}$Ti$^{16}$O, and $^{50}$Ti$^{16}$O; new marvel results for $^{51}$V$^{16}$O are also presented.

Tracer Study of BS Hotel and Restaurant Management in Kalinga State University

This study aims to track the employment profile, struggles of the graduates during their search for employment and perceived competencies acquired. The study is limited to the graduates of BS in Hotel and Restaurant Management of year 2017 – 2020. Further the study also assessed the curriculum design of the program of Kalinga State University. It aimed to find out the specific skills that helped the graduates attain employment in line with their specialization. There are 127 graduates, 87 of them were able to respond. The instrument is patterned with the employability survey used by Commission on Higher Education. Results show that 84% are employed. Among the employed 29% hold a position in line to specialization and 5% are in supervisory level. 38% of the employed respondents took 1 – 6 months as their length of pursuing employment. As to struggles during pursuit of employment, 25% believed that they lack industry experience. As to the skills acquired during their stay in university it is communication skills that got 59%. Tracer studies have been used as tool to know the performance of graduates from formal education to employment. This study was conducted to help the university deliver a more effective curriculum for BS HRM program. The findings provide helpful information on the improvement of the curriculum design, enhance the teaching strategies and planning initiative for the delivery of current and future curriculum. Furthermore, it will also be used as the databank of the graduate’s profile for future studies and accreditation purposes.

Synthesis Design of In-Line Pseudoelliptic SISL Bandpass Filter Employing Non-Resonating Mode in Low-Loss Patch Resonators

This paper presents a novel type of patch resonator suitable for the design of high selectivity in-line pseudoelliptic bandpass filters (BPFs) based on a substrate-integrated suspended line (SISL) platform. The proposed structure is a rectangular patch resonator that allows the propagation of the fundamental mode and high order modes. By controlling the position of input and output feedlines, the proposed resonators can provide both a reflection and a transmission zero simultaneously. Thus, a pole-zero pair can be produced (behaving as a singlet). The position of poles and zeros can be fully controlled by varying the position and orientation of the feeding lines. To verify the proposed concept, a detailed study about the behavior of the patch singlet and a validated third-order filter BPF with three TZs ( canonical BPF) located in the lower and upper passband is presented in this brief. The measured results exhibit an extended stopband with rejection better than 58 dB in the lower passband and 40 dB in the upper passband. The tested return losses and insertion loss are better than -15.7 dB and 1.31 dB, respectively.

Физико-географический контроль определения границ рек, их водоохранных зон, зон затопления и подтопления в Томской области (Российская Федерация)

Purpose: to develop the methodology of physical and geographical control of the validity of determining the boundaries of rivers and their special zones in the territory of Tomsk region. Materials and methods. The initial materials were the materials of the regime hydrological (Roshydromet) and hydrogeological (Gidrospetzgeology) observations, the results of engineering surveys and examinations. The main objects are the Tom river at Tomsk city, the Vasyugan river at New Vasyugan settlement, the Iksa river at Plotnikovo village, the Klyutch river at Polynyanka village. Additionally, data on the Ob and Parabel rivers and other tributaries of the Ob river were used. Results. The calculations of the position of the coastline and the boundaries of flood and underflooding zones of a number of river valleys in Tomsk region were carried out. A comparison of the characteristic levels of river waters with the hydrogeological, geomorphological and geobotanical conditions of river valleys (also underflooding conditions with the prevailing channel process types) was carried out. The physicogeographical methodology of validity control of estimating the coastline, protection, flooding and underflooding zones boundaries are proposed. Conclusions. It is shown that estimating the position of the river coastal line in Tomsk region can be carried out according to the data not only on the average daily water levels for the period of the free channel, but also the average monthly levels of river waters of the spring-summer flood and summer-autumn low water season. It was established that the average maximum level and the maximum level of 1 % occurrence relate to the relief, groundwater levels and the vegetation cover of the river valleys. It was revealed that the probability of the river valley underflooding increases in the case of floodplain anabranching and free meandering and decreases with the pre-dominance of limit meandering.

Smart Vehicle Driving Behavior Analysis Based on 5G, IoT and Edge Computing Technologies

Abstract With the development of science and technology, the realization of intelligent vehicle autonomous driving has become a popular research. In order to realize the optimal autonomous driving behavior, this paper proposes a vehicle-splittable task offloading algorithm for edge offloading in the IoT environment based on the study of edge computing technology and the integration of 5G communication. On this basis, a task offloading model is built by combining Markov decision learning algorithm in order to improve the ability of real-time computation of intelligent vehicles in real driving environment and, at the same time, to realize the recording of dynamic driving behavior of the vehicle and the prediction of intelligent and safe paths in the dynamic IoV environment. Simulation experiments verify the performance of the VPEO algorithm. When there are varying numbers of vehicles and tasks, the VPEO algorithm performs better according to the experimental results. After 750 iterations, the VPEO algorithm achieves a 94% success rate when calculating tasks and stabilizes. In the intelligent warning experiments, the VPEO algorithm measured the average accuracy of lane offset distance, the average judgment correctness of vehicle class, and vulnerable traffic participant in relation to the position of the lane line were 84.66%, 92.26% and 94.69%, respectively. The VPEO algorithm can perform real-time calculations of intelligent driving information, and warnings about intelligent driving safety can be provided.

Allotropic Ga2Se3/GaSe nanostructures grown by van der Waals epitaxy: narrow exciton lines and single-photon emission.

The ability to emit narrow exciton lines, preferably with a clearly defined polarization, is one of the key conditions for the use of nanostructures based on III-VI monochalcogenides and other layered crystals in quantum technology to create non-classical light. Currently, the main method of their formation is exfoliation followed by strain and defect engineering. A factor limiting the use of epitaxy is the presence of different phases in the grown films. In this work, we show that control over their formation makes it possible to create structures with the desired properties. We propose Ga2Se3/GaSe nanostructures grown by van der Waals epitaxy with a high VI/III flux ratio as a source of narrow exciton lines. Actually, these nanostructures are a combination of allotropes: GaSe and Ga2Se3, consisting of the same atoms in different arrangements. The energy positions of the narrow lines are determined by the quantum confinement in Ga2Se3 inclusions of different sizes in the GaSe matrix, similar to quantum dots, and their linear polarization is due to the ordering of Ga vacancies in a certain crystalline direction in Ga2Se3. Such nanostructures exhibit single-photon emission with second-order correlation function g(2)(0) ∼ 0.10 at 10 K that makes them promising for quantum technologies.

Green Algorithms for Energy-efficient Distributed Flow-Shop Manufacturing Problem

Minimizing energy consumption is one of the most interesting issues in recent industrial production. Energy-efficient scheduling is a promising approach to reducing energy consumption in manufacturing systems. However, energy-efficient scheduling is a problem of great interest, especially for the Distributed permutation Flow-Shop Manufacturing Problem (DPFSMP). This paper addresses the critical challenge of energy efficiency in the industry of DPFSMP optimization, where task processing times depend closely on their position in the production line. The objective is to minimize the total energy consumption (TEC) for all machines in distributed workshops. To solve this problem, we propose two efficient constructive algorithms for energy-efficient scheduling of this type of problem with speed-dependent tasks: the Nawaz Enscore and Ham (NEH) based algorithm and the Greedy Random Adaptive Search Procedure (GRASP) based algorithm. We evaluate the performance of the two proposed algorithms on a set of benchmark problems to identify the one with the best performance. The results show that the (NEH) algorithm outperforms the GRASP algorithm in terms of energy efficiency and solution quality. In fact, the proposed algorithms can be used by manufacturers to reduce energy consumption in their production systems. This can help manufacturers save money, reduce environmental impact and improve overall sustainability.

Influence of particle crushing on the critical state line of rockfill materials

The mechanical behaviour of rockfill materials is strongly affected by particle breakage, which causes a continuous variation of the grain size distribution (GSD) until a stationary condition. Although the evolution of grain crushing caused among others by the initial grading, the relative density and stress level has been extensively studied, the relationship describing the influence of the current GSD on other soil properties such as the critical state line is not uniquely defined. In this study, a series of triaxial compression tests with various stress paths under monotonic loading were performed on a rockfill to examine the effect of particle breakage on the position of the critical state lines (CSLs) in the compression plane. Specimens were prepared with the same initial grading and relative density to investigate the evolution of the GSD as a result of grain breakage determined by different stress paths applied in a large triaxial apparatus. In addition, a recently proposed simplified procedure is employed to capture the evolution of the CSLs of the tested crushable rockfill as a function of a breakage parameter related to the breakage index Bg. Experimental results obtained for the tested rockfill demonstrate that the abovementioned procedure is capable to predict the position of the CSL linked to the GSD reached at the end of the triaxial test, also when the critical state condition, defined as the ultimate condition in which shearing could continue indefinitely without changes in volume or effective stresses, is not reached.

Influence of rotary axis angular positioning error motions on robotic probing

The accuracy of touch-trigger probing by a six-axis robotic manipulator is determined by the accuracy of the robot forward kinematic model to estimate the stylus sphere position from angular positions of rotary axes. Many conventional studies have employed the Denavit–Hartenberg (DH) model, containing position and orientation errors of the rotary axis average lines as error sources. This paper proposes the application of a new kinematic model, containing the angular positioning deviations of all the rotary axes, to the robotic probing. The probing accuracy is experimentally investigated in profile probing of a straightedge over the robot's workspace.

Prediction of a two-dimensional high Curie temperature Weyl nodal line kagome semimetal.

Kagome lattices may have numerous exotic physical properties, such as stable ferromagnetism and topological states. Herein, combining the particle swarm structure search method with first-principles calculations, we identify a two-dimensional (2D) kagome Mo2Se3 crystal structure with space group P6/mmm. The results show that 2D kagome Mo2Se3 is a 100% spin-polarized topological nodal line semimetal and exhibits excellent ambient stability. The band crossing points form two nodal loops around the high-symmetry points Γ and K. On the other hand, Mo2Se3 shows intrinsic ferromagnetism with a large magnetic moment of 3.05 μB per Mo atom and magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) of 4.78 meV. Monte Carlo simulations estimate that Mo2Se3 possesses a high Curie temperature of about 673 K. In addition, its ferromagnetic ground state can be well preserved under external strain, and the MAE can be improved by increasing the strain. More importantly, the position of each nodal line can be adjusted to the Fermi level through hole doping. This multifunctional 2D magnetic material that combines spin and topology has great potential in the field of nanoscale spintronic devices.

Numerical calculation of seepage field and stability analysis of dam body of closed tailings pond

Abstract In this study, taking a certain iron ore tailings pond as the research object, a closed pond engineering design was conducted to ensure its sustained and stable operation. Firstly, installation of a flood drainage system (spillway) and closure of the existing overflow tower and drainage pipe are suggested. Secondly, numerical analysis is conducted on the seepage field of the dam body to determine the position of the saturation line of the dam body under normal water storage level and design flood level. Subsequently, the stability of the dam body under various working conditions is assessed using the limit equilibrium method.

Comparison of pressure-based flame describing functions measured in an annular combustor under self-sustained oscillations and in an externally modulated linear combustor

One important aspect in the analysis of combustion instabilities in multiple-injector annular systems is that of representing such oscillations with a linear array of injectors. This issue is considered in the present work by comparing flame dynamics in a self-sustained oscillations situation in the annular configuration MICCA-Spray, with experiments carried out in TACC-Spray, a rectangular combustor equipped with five injectors externally modulated by driver units. In the annular system, the coupling mode is azimuthal, and in the linear array, the flames are submitted to a transverse acoustic field. An original method is used to change the limit-cycle pressure oscillations amplitude in the annular system and favor a standing mode with a well-defined nodal line position. It consists in using different arrangements of two types of injectors, leading to various azimuthal staging patterns. The range of pressure oscillation amplitudes is swept in TACC-Spray by changing the external acoustic forcing level. It is thus possible to compare the flame dynamics in forced and self-sustained situations using these two experimental facilities. This is done by examining flame describing functions (FDFs) based on downstream pressure fluctuations measured in the two configurations for different pressure oscillation amplitudes. The trends observed in the two systems are in good agreement, and there is a reasonably good match between the values of the gains and phases determined in the two configurations. The pressure-based FDFs are determined for flames located at different positions with respect to the acoustic mode. It is found that the transverse or azimuthal velocity component has only a weak influence on the pressure-based FDF, the strongest impact being observed in the neighborhood of the velocity antinode. This study demonstrates the ability of a linear-array setup modulated by a transverse mode to reproduce conditions of azimuthal coupling leading to self-sustained limit cycles in an annular combustor.

Предельно-упругий изгиб n-слойного физически-нелинейного бетонного стержня

В данной работе рассматривается задача изгиба многослойного стержня поперечными нагрузками при наличии зон упругого и нелинейно-неупругого деформирования, получены соотношения для определения границы раздела упругой и нелинейно-неупругой областей деформирования стержня. Полученные численные расчеты для случаев совпадения и не совпадения нейтральной линиии с осью стержня. Приведены чиссленные расчеты предельных нагрузок: первой (деформация достигает значения предельной неупругой) и второй (деформация достигает значения деформации предразрушения). This paper considers the problem of bending a multilayer rod under transverse loads in the presence of zones of elastic and nonlinear-inelastic deformation, and relations are obtained to determine the interface between the elastic and nonlinear-inelastic deformation regions of the rod. The resulting numerical calculations for cases of coincidence and non-coincidence of the neutral line with the axis of the rod. Numerical calculations of the limiting loads are presented: the first (the deformation reaches the limiting inelastic value) and the second (the deformation reaches the value of the pre-fracture strain).