Line Arrangements Research Articles

Dual unitary circuits in random geometries

Recently introduced dual unitary brickwork circuits have been recognised as paradigmatic exactly solvable quantum chaotic many-body systems with tunable degree of ergodicity and mixing. Here we show that regularity of the circuit lattice is not crucial for exact solvability. We consider a circuit where random 2-qubit dual unitary gates sit at intersections of random arrangements of straight lines in two dimensions (mikado) and analytically compute the variance of the spatio-temporal correlation function of local operators. Note that the average correlator vanishes due to local Haar randomness of the gates. The result can be physically motivated for two random mikado settings. The first corresponds to the thermal state of free particles carrying internal qubit degrees of freedom which experience interaction at kinematic crossings, while the second represents rotationally symmetric (random euclidean) space-time.

On the containment I(3) ⊂ I2 and configurationsof triple points in Böröczky line arrangements

We study sets of triple points of Böröczky’s arrangements of lines in the context of the containment problem proposed by Harbourne and Huneke. We show that in the class of those arrangements, the smallest counterexample to the containment I(3) ⊂ I2 is obtained when the number of lines is equal to 12.

OPTIMAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE LONGITUDINAL LINES OF THE LAMPS AT THE FLOOR POULTRY KEEPING

A standard-width poultry house with outdoor poultry keeping is considered, for which longitudinal lines of LED lamps are used for lighting. The need to increase the productivity of poultry leads to the urgent problem of creating the most uniform energy-saving lighting of the working area of the facility. When solving the problem, the problem arises of estimating the optimal distance between the lines of lamps of the Lop. Its solution is possible using the optimality criterion. Difficulties in accounting for reflected light are the reason for searching for a criterion independent of the reflected component. (Research purpose) The research purpose is evaluating the optimal distance between the longitudinal lines of lamps for poultry houses of standard width based on a criterion independent of the reflected component of illumination. (Materials and methods) The shortcomings of the recommendations obtained on the basis of the utilization factor method were identified. It was proposed to take into account the width of the poultry house to overcome the shortcomings and evaluate the Lop by the point method. A model of diffuse light reflection was applied. The optimality criterion was substantiated and an algorithm for the computer evaluation of Lop was developed. We used the developed algorithm for poultry houses of standard width. (Results and discussion) Poultry houses with a width b, a multiple of 6 meters, were studied with a constant length of each poultry house a1 = 78 meters for the height of the suspension of lamps H1 = 3.0 meters, H2 = 3.5 meters and H3 = 4.0 meters. Presented the results of the assessment of the protected areas in the form of a table. It was revealed that the dependence of Lop(b) is quadratic. (Conclusions) It has been established that the assessment of Lop can be performed in a model of diffuse reflection of light based on a criterion independent of the reflected component of illumination. It was noted that with the arrangement of the lighting lines, according to the table, the risk of unauthorized demolition of eggs by poultry decreases, which contributes to improving the quality of the eggs obtained and increasing the productivity of poultry. It was stated that the results of the Lop assessment can be recommended to specialists of poultry farms to adjust the existing lighting system or before purchasing it to plan an energy-efficient arrangement of lamps.

Chile

After an impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, the Chilean economy is undergoing a necessary transition towards sustainable growth amid a challenging external environment. Policy implementation remains very strong, geared towards correcting macroeconomic imbalances that built up during the pandemic while protecting the most vulnerable and advancing structural reforms, consistent with past Fund Advice (Annex I). On August 29, the IMF Executive Board approved a two-year Flexible Credit Line (FCL) arrangement for Chile in the amount of SDR 13.954 billion (800 percent of quota) to augment precautionary buffers and provide substantial insurance against adverse scenarios.

Data-driven predictive maintenance method for digital welding machines

Digital welding machine (DWM) is an advanced tool for material forming. The lifespan and health status of DWMs are closely related to the safety and reliability. To address the problem of low accuracy in the lifespan prediction of DWMs, a model based on immune algorithm (IA) and long short-term memory network (LSTM) with attention mechanism is proposed. First, the degradation characteristic indicators of the lifespan of DWMs are evaluated and selected. Then, a health index is constructed using linear regression to quantitatively reflect the lifespan status of DWMs. The optimized model is used to predict the remaining lifespan, and compared with various models using 5 indicators. Finally, predictive maintenance of DWMs is carried out based on product inspection and production scheduling. the optimal solution for the objective function is obtained to calculate the best predictive maintenance method for the digital welding machine.During the lifespan prediction process, the optimized model has a 20% decrease in root mean square error and a 35.8% decrease in mean square error compared to the traditional LSTM model. The average absolute error is decreased by 14.2% and the average absolute percentage error is closer to 0, while the coefficient of determination increases by 23%. By combining with actual production line arrangements, maintenance of DWMs can be performed at the most appropriate time to minimize maintenance costs.

ANALISIS GAYA BAHASA PADA PUISI “KANGEN” KARYA W.S. RENDRA

Poetry is a literary work that contains the outpouring of the heart or the expression of feelings with imaginative words that are poured into a piece of writing. Poetry is bound by rhythm, dimension, rhyme, as well as the arrangement of lines and stanzas. This article discusses the meaning of the poem "Kangen" by WS. Rendra uses a metaphorical figure of speech. In addition, W.S. Rendra packs poetry with a very modern style of writing and there is a typographical style of writing. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. This study focuses on the style of language used and the analysis of the meaning of the poem.
 
 

Preventing Crack in an Aluminum Alloy Complex Structure during Welding Process Based on Numerical Simulation Technology

Aluminum alloy structures are widely used for weight reduction in aviation, shipbuilding, rail vehicles and automotive industries. Fusion welding technology is one of the most important joining methods for lightweight structure assembly due to its advantages such as flexibility in design, high production efficiency, and low cost. However, the local centralized heating during fusion welding inevitably produces residual stress and welding deformation. For actual engineering structures, if the product design is unreasonable or the external restraint is inappropriate, the transient stress or residual stress become a key factor resulting in cracking during the assembly process. In the current study, an effective computational approach was developed based on the MSC Marc software to simulate transient and residual stress fields for complex aluminum alloy structures during the welding process. In the developed computational approach, according to the location and arrangement of welding lines, an instantaneous heat source model was used to replace the traditional moving heat source model, and as a result significanlty improved the calculation efficiency to meet actual engineering needs. The welding stresses, including transient and residual stress, of an A6061 aluminum alloy complex structure were calculated by the developed numerical simulation technology. The simulation results indicated that the cracking was produced by excessive transient stress during welding process. Subsequently, the effect of external restraint intensity on welding stress at the key location was examined numerically. Based on the simulation results, measures to reduce welding stress and cracking risk were put forward based on adjusting the external restraint intensity.

New phenomena in the containment problem for simplicial arrangements

We consider two simplicial arrangements of lines and ideals I of intersection points of these lines. There are 127 intersection points in both cases and the numbers ti of points lying on exactly i configuration lines (points of multiplicity i) coincide. We show that in one of these examples the containment I(3)⊆I2 holds, whereas it fails in the other. We also show that the containment fails for a subarrangement of 21 lines. The interest in the containment relation between I(3) and I2 for ideals of points in ℙ2 is motivated by a question posted by Hochster and Huneke in 2002. Configurations of points with I(3)⊈I2 are quite rare. Our example reveals two particular features: All points are defined over ℚ and all intersection points of lines are involved. In examples studied by now only points with multiplicity i≥3 were considered. The novelty of our arrangements lies in the geometry of the element in I(3) which witness the noncontainment in I2. In all previous examples such an element was a product of linear forms. Now, in both cases there is an irreducible curve of higher degree involved.

The Effectiveness of a Vehicle Manufacturing Line Using Probabilistic Process Timing

Abstract: Automotive manufacturing involves several steps, starting with the casting of components and moving on to the machining and assembly processes. The assembly system, particularly for the Single Cylinder S.I. Engine, will be the only emphasis of this project. A considerable number of components must be integrated throughout the engine assembly process. The creation of a decision assistance system based on a discrete event simulation model is discussed in the work provided in this paper. The four closed-loop network arrangement of vehicle assembly and preassembly lines connected by conveyors is targeted at a particular type of manufacturing lines. The design and execution of such industrial processes frequently include simulation. This simulation research aims to select the process throughput for the Single Cylinder S.I. Engine Assembly line. Any possible machine bottlenecks will be identified by the simulation study to avoid blockages and starvation and increase process throughput. Machine cycle times for various processes should be included in the input data for the research. The Arena simulation program will be utilized in this investigation. The goal is to use existing equipment to boost output on the present Head Assembly Line and Sub-Assembly Lines to an anticipated capacity. The outcomes of the simulation will be used to pinpoint the assembly-line procedures that may have an impact on the S.I. Engine's manufacturing schedule. By contrast the study's findings with the actual process throughput, the findings will be illustrated. Additionally, statistical analysis will be done to boost performance.

Smooth Points of the Space of Plane Foliations with a Center

Abstract We prove that a logarithmic foliation corresponding to a generic line arrangement of $d+1 \geq 3$ lines in the complex plane, with pairwise natural and co-prime residues, is a smooth point of the center set of plane foliations (vector fields) of degree $d$.

Planned spatial arrangement of high-speed railway lines in Poland

Abstract: The article analyzes the main directions of long-distance rail transport in Poland, confronting them with the main directions of population movements in individual road transport, which allowed for the formulation of a general conclusion as to the polycentric rather than monocentric system of the Polish land transport network, in which the main passenger flows are closed in two circles. The smaller circle is formed by Warsaw, Łódź, Poznań and Bydgoszcz with Toruń, while the larger one is defined by the main cities of northern, eastern, southern and western Poland. On the basis of this analysis, a general recommendation was formulated that when designing the spatial and geographical layout of new high-speed railway lines, the layout of passenger flows inside the country should also be taken into account. The new concepts of the geographic route of high-speed railway lines related to the railway component of the project to build the Central Communication Port (CPK) in Poland do not fully take into account this postulate because they have been completely subordinated to the function of transporting and transporting passengers to the planned central airport. In the further part of the article, after a critical analysis of the assumed spatial and geographical routes of new high-speed lines Warsaw - Łódź - Poznań / Wrocław, the CPK - Płock - Grudziądz - Gdańsk line and the designed sections of high-speed lines for the CPK - Rzeszów transport route, specific corrections of their spatial routes are proposed. Keywords: Railway development in Poland; Railway component of the CPK project; High Speed Railways

Experimental Verification of Backscattering Protection in PTD-Symmetric Bifilar Edge Waveguides

This article presents the design and experimental characterization of microwave structures based on parity time-reversal duality symmetric bifilar edge waveguides (PTD-BEWs) realized through a parallel plate waveguide (PPW) loaded by a metasurface. The analyzed structures include transmission lines with bends and multiple line arrangements. Due to their unique symmetry properties, these structures are robust against backscattering, thus resembling the behavior of topological WGs, despite the fact they are reciprocal. This makes it possible to guide the electromagnetic (EM) waves along the edge with low insertion losses and unique matching properties. Measurements, performed in the frequency range between 24 and 32 GHz, have confirmed the feasibility of the theoretical concept.

Graphic Deconstruction of Spatially Marked Race in Miné Okubo's Citizen 13660

Miné Okubo's Citizen 13660 is an autobiographical graphic novel about the Japanese concentration camp during the Second World War. From the perspective of an evacuee and Japanese American, Citizen 13660 rewrites Japanese American identity, which confronts the rhetoric of “enemy race” and the frontier myth that normalized the camp. The graphic novel reveals how deeply the War Relocation Authority (WRA) engaged in the spatial and social exclusion of the minority groups and, by doing so, negatively affected their racial identities. Shedding light on Lefebvre’s theory of the spatiality of power, which emphasizes that spatial order reflects the society’s hegemonic power and shapes the dwellers’ identity, this paper will analyze how the state power deindividualized and criminalized people of Japanese ancestry as a homogenous crowd of “enemy race” through spatial control. This paper will also investigate how Citizen 13660 creatively visualizes, reenacts and re-examine the WRA’s spatial politics with its spatial elements (the shape of panels or the arrangements of gutters, panels, lines, and objects), borrowing McCloud’s analysis of the spatiality of the graphic novel. With unique arrangements of spatial elements in Citizen 13660, Okubo asserts the necessity to dismantle the biologically essentialist concept of race, re-individualize people of Japanese ancestry, and challenge the legitimacy of the camp.

Transmission electron microscopy of pili annulati

BackgroundLittle is known about the ultrastructure of pili annulati. ObjectivesTo examine with transmission electron microscopy affected hairs of a family, whose diagnosis had been confirmed in five individuals with scanning electron microscopy, which showed surface undulations with “curtain-like” folding of the hair cuticula and to compare the findings with normal control. MethodsHairs of two affected patients and one control were embedded in resin and cut lengthwise to produce ultra-thin sections. ResultsThe normal hair showed a parallel arrangement of dark lines associated with less electron-dense wide bands. Small cavities could be observed, mostly in the dark lines, affected hairs had a large number of cavities, associated or not with the insertion of melanosomes and loss of parallelism of the dark lines. Higher magnification showed a significant loss of this parallelism, resembling “wood grooves”. Widened dark lines were observed in some areas. Study limitationsOnly a few hairs were examined. ConclusionsThe present results suggest that the microcanaliculi of the hair surface, easily found with scanning electron microscopy, may be secondary not only to the cavities seen in the sections but also to the disorder of proteins that form this region, demonstrated by the changes of the cortex dark lines.

Visionary Architects: Barbara Guest, Frederick Kiesler, and the Surrealist Poetics of the Galaxy

In this essay I demonstrate how Barbara Guest’s experiments in visual poetry were influenced by Frederick Kiesler’s architectural designs: both artists, inspired by Surrealist poetics, sought to build visionary structures that took shape on the page but moved beyond it. Following Kiesler’s 1965 death, Guest published a poem in 1968 inspired by Kiesler’s “Galaxy” structures, titled “Homage”, and included a shortened version in Durer in the Window (2003). Kiesler composed a number of works under the name “Galaxies”, all of which shared an interest in merging architecture with other art forms, including sculpture, mobiles, drawing, and painting. In “Homage”, Guest was less interested in describing Kiesler’s “Galaxies” than in building a commensurate architecture of the page, dependent on the spatial arrangement of lines and stanzas, the visual impact of white space, and the reader’s imaginative navigation of both. Putting Kiesler’s “Galaxies” and Guest’s “Homage” in dialogue illuminates a model of inter-arts reception as co-creation or what Kiesler called “Correalism” that depends on the spatial dimensions of the poetic imagination. Both works can be understood as open, mobile, “museums without walls” that anticipate the future by inviting dynamic collaboration and future transformation. Finally, I argue that the relationship between these works models the kind of affiliation important to experimental women artists and poets such as Guest, affiliations that helped form an En Dehors Garde “in the shadow” of the avant-garde.

A failed attempt to explain relative motion illusions via motion blur, and a new sparse version.

Visual patterns can evoke marked, even beautiful motion illusions even if they are static; eye movements in all likelihood serve as temporal modulators. This paper concentrates on Ouchi-type “relative” or “sliding” motion illusions. It outlines an eye-motion-evoked motion-blur hypothesis, which does not correctly predict the shift direction of maximal illusion. This failure led to a nearly new particularly simple stimulus: an arrangement of dashed lines that strongly evokes a relative motion illusion, the “orthogonal dotted lines sway.” The latter is well explained by motion integration.

Waring rank of binary forms, harmonic cross-ratio and golden ratio

We discuss the Waring rank of binary forms of degree 4 and 5, without multiple factors, and point out unexpected relations to the harmonic cross-ratio, j-invariants and the golden ratio. These computations of ranks for binary forms are used to show that the combinatorics of a line arrangement in the complex projective plane does not determine the Waring rank of the defining equation even in very simple situations.

An Ultra‐Compact Spoof Surface Plasmon Polariton Transmission Line and Its Signal Integrity Analysis

An ultra‐compact spoof surface plasmon polariton (UCSSPP) transmission line (TL) based on a meander line is proposed, which can achieve almost the same transmission performance as the conventional rectangular‐groove SSPP TL, but the linewidth is greatly reduced by more than 40%. The coupling effect between two UCSSPP TLs in different line arrangements has been well studied, revealing that excellent crosstalk suppression can be achieved when two TLs are arranged back‐to‐back, while strong coupling occurs when they are arranged face‐to‐back or face‐to‐face. The signal integrity of back‐to‐back UCSSPP TLs is analyzed and demonstrated, which shows that the signal integrity can be greatly improved compared with microstrip (MS) TLs. In addition, based on the principle of mode mismatch, MS and UCSSPP TLs are arranged alternately to solve the mutual coupling problem in multi‐line systems. In contrast, benefiting from the strong coupling of face‐to‐face UCSSPP TLs, an ultra‐miniaturized SSPP coupler working at 9 GHz is designed, whose size can be reduced by over 75% compared with conventional MS coupler. The measurement results show good agreement with full‐wave simulations, indicating that the proposed UCSSPP TL has significant advantages in signal integrity and device miniaturization over previously reported SSPP TLs.

Optimization of FLASH proton beams using a track-repeating algorithm.

Radiation with high dose rate (FLASH) has shown to reduce toxicities to normal tissues around the target and maintain tumor control with the same amount of dose compared to conventional radiation. This phenomenon has been widely studied in electron therapy, which is often used for shallow tumor treatment. Proton therapy is considered a more suitable treatment modality for deep-seated tumors. The feasibility of FLASH proton therapy has recently been demonstrated by a series of pre- and clinical trials. One of the challenges is to efficiently generate wide enough dose distributions in both lateral and longitudinal directions to cover the entire tumor volume. The goal of this paper is to introduce a set of automatic FLASH proton beam optimization algorithms developed recently. To develop a fast and efficient optimizer for the design of a passive scattering proton FLASH radiotherapy delivery at The University of Texas MD Anderson Proton Therapy Center, based on the fast dose calculator (FDC). A track-repeating algorithm, FDC, was validated versus Geant4 simulations and applied to calculate dose distributions in various beamline setups. The design of the components was optimized to deliver homogeneous fields with well-defined diameters between 11.0 and 20.5mm, as well as a spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) with modulations between 8.5 and 39.0mm. A ridge filter, a high-Z material scatterer, and a collimator with range compensator were inserted in the beam path, and their shapes and sizes were optimized to spread out the Bragg peak, widen the beam, and reduce the penumbra. The optimizer was developed and tested using two proton energies (87.0 and 159.5MeV) in a variety of beamline arrangements. Dose rates of the optimized beams were estimated by scaling their doses to those of unmodified beams. The optimized 87.0-MeV beams, with a distance from the beam pipe window to the phantom surface (window-to-surface distance [WSD]) of 550mm, produced an 8.5-mm-wide SOBP (proximal 90% to distal 90% of the maximum dose); 14.5, 12.0, and 11.0-mm lateral widths at the 50%, 80%, and 90% dose location, respectively; and a 2.5-mm penumbra from 80% to 20% in the lateral profile. The 159.5-MeV beam had an SOBP of 39.0mm and lateral widths of 20.5, 15.0, and 12.5mm at 50%, 80%, and 90% dose location, respectively, when the WSD was 550mm. Wider lateral widths were obtained with increased WSD. The SOBP modulations changed when the ridge filters with different characteristics were inserted. Dose rates on the beam central axis for all optimized beams (other than the 87.0-MeV beam with 2000-mm WSD) were above that needed for the FLASH effect threshold (40Gy/s) except at the very end of the depth dose profile scaling with a dose rate of 1400Gy/s at the Bragg peak in the unmodified beams. The optimizer was able to instantly design the individual beamline components for each of the beamline setups, without the need of time intensive iterative simulations. An efficient system, consisting of an optimizer and an FDC have been developed and validated in a variety of beamline setups, comprising two proton energies, several WSDs, and SOBPs. The set of automatic optimization algorithms produces beam shaping element designs efficiently and with excellent quality.

Inserting One Edge into a Simple Drawing is Hard

A simple drawingD(G) of a graph G is one where each pair of edges share at most one point: either a common endpoint or a proper crossing. An edge e in the complement of G can be inserted into D(G) if there exists a simple drawing of G+e extending D(G). As a result of Levi’s Enlargement Lemma, if a drawing is rectilinear (pseudolinear), that is, the edges can be extended into an arrangement of lines (pseudolines), then any edge in the complement of G can be inserted. In contrast, we show that it is NP-complete to decide whether one edge can be inserted into a simple drawing. This remains true even if we assume that the drawing is pseudocircular, that is, the edges can be extended to an arrangement of pseudocircles. On the positive side, we show that, given an arrangement of pseudocircles mathcal {A} and a pseudosegment sigma , it can be decided in polynomial time whether there exists a pseudocircle Phi _sigma extending sigma for which mathcal {A}cup {Phi _sigma } is again an arrangement of pseudocircles.