Limousin Bulls Research Articles

Health, behaviour and growth performance of Charolais and Limousin bulls fattened on different types of flooring

Intensive fattening of late-maturing breeds on concrete or rubberized slatted floors is the prevalent beef production system in mainland Europe. The rationale behind this study is that specific beef breeds with different slaughter weights might have a diverse response to different flooring systems. The study aimed at assessing whether growth performance, health, behaviour and claw condition of two beef breeds, Charolais (CH) and Limousine (LIM), would be affected by their housing on concrete (CS) or rubber-covered (RCS) fully slatted floor. A total of 228 CH (116 on CS; 112 on RCS) and 115 LIM (57 on CS; 58 on RCS) were housed in four and two commercial farms, respectively, in groups of 9.0 ± 2.1 animals/pen with an average space allowance of 3.1 ± 0.2 m2. Draining gaps of CS and RCS pens were 16.9 ± 1.7% and 11.6 ± 1.2% of the total surface, respectively. Bulls of both breeds had similar initial body weight (429.4 ± 31.5 kg for CH; 369.6 ± 31.7 kg for LIM), and they were slaughtered when they reached suitable finishing. Charolais had a higher final body weight (BW) than LIM (750.8 ± 8.6 v. 613.7 ± 10.9 kg; P < 0.01), and bulls of both breeds on RCS had higher average daily gain than on CS (1.47 ± 0.02 v. 1.39 ± 0.02 kg/day; P < 0.05). The percentage of bulls early culled or treated for locomotor disorders were reduced by RCS only for LIM, while RCS tended to prevent the occurrence of bursitis for both breeds. During two 8-h behavioural observations, bulls on RCS performed more head butt/displacements and chases than on CS, and they reduced the frequency of abnormal lying down events. The use of RCS increased mounts’ frequency only in LIM, while its reduced drainage capacity impaired only the cleanliness of CH. Postmortem hoof inspection showed longer claw dorsal wall and diagonal lengths, and sharper toe angles for CH on RCS than LIM on both floors. Results of this study point out that fully slatted floors, regardless of being rubberized or not, are not suitable for bulls finished at a final BW above 700 kg due to their detrimental effects on health and welfare. The use of RCS could be recommended as an alternative to CS only if bulls are slaughtered at a lower final BW (around 600 kg), like in the case of LIM breed.

Distribución de partos e influencia de algunos factores de variación sobre el intervalo entre partos y mortalidad de terneros, bajo paridera continua, en vacas de cría en la dehesa

A total of 619 calvings and 547 intervals between calvings (IBC) from 97 cows, 15 Retinta cows and 82 crossbreed (Charolais x Retinta) cows, reared under continuous calving during eight consecutive years were controlled in the Dehesa ecosystem. The 39.25% of the calvings occured from December to February and only the 14.38% from August to October. The heifers and cows of seventh, eighth, tenth and eleventh and following calving showed an IBC higher than the cows of third, fourth, fitth and sixth calving. The variable “cow” had significant effect on the IBC, but the factors “gender of suckled calf”, “year”, “bull”, “calving month”, “fence” and, “body condition score at calving” had not significant influence on IBC. The age at first calving had not significant effect on IBC of heifer and average IBC of cows. Age at weaning of born calves from November to March was significantly lower than those born calves from May to July. The calf’s mortality seems affected by the genetic type of calf and the birth time. The use of Charolais bulls leads to a calves mortality at birth higher regarding Limousine bulls.

Seasonal changes in the proteome of cryopreserved bull semen supernatant

Seasonal variability in cattle fertility may be attributed to male reproduction, including the quality of semen produced by males and its usefulness after cryopreservation. The exact molecular mechanisms responsible for such seasonal variation are not entirely known. The aim of our study was to evaluate the changes in the proteome of cryopreserved bull (Bos taurus) semen supernatant throughout the year. The quality of cryopreserved semen collected from the same Limousin bulls during spring, summer, autumn and winter (n = 5 in each group) was assessed by measuring sperm motility parameters using the CASA system and sperm viability and the level of sperm reactive oxygen species using flow cytometry. Two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis analysis coupled with the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry was used to detect seasonal changes in the proteome of cryopreserved bull semen supernatant. We found seasonal variability in the percentage of sperm motility (P < 0.05), which was the highest in autumn and winter and the lowest in spring and summer. There was an effect of season on sperm viability (P < 0.05), with the highest percentage of dead sperm recorded in summer. There was no effect of season on sperm levels of oxidation. Proteomic analysis identified 23 protein spots, representing 10 proteins that changed during the year (P < 0.05). Albumin, clusterin, spermadhesin 1 and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase precursor were most abundant during winter, which presumably reflected correct lipid composition and morphology of spermatozoa, as well as involvement in protection against premature capacitation. Moreover, osteopontin and nucleobindin 1 could also be connected to increased semen quality in this season. C-C motif chemokine 2 precursor, epididymal-specific lipocalin-5, peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase and seminal ribonuclease were most abundant during summer and probably reflected disturbances during spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. In summary, our study has shown that cryopreserved bull semen quality parameters were higher in winter than in summer. The identification of proteins connected to the variability of semen quality during the year have provided new insight into understanding the mechanisms underlying the seasonality of cattle breeding.

Penampilan Produksi Sapi Peranakan Ongole dan Sapi Peranakan Ongole x Limousin yang mendapat Pakan Rumput Raja dan Ampas Bir

&lt;p&gt;An experiment was carried out to compare the performance of Grade Ongole (GO) and its crossing with Limousin (GL) bulls fed King Grass and brewery by-product. Four GO (weighed: 198.50 ± 38.04 kg) and four GL bulls (weighed: 248.84 ± 36,39 kg) were fed king grass and brewery by-product with ratio of 50:50. The amount of dry matter given was 3% of live weight. The parameters measured were feed intake, feed digestibility, liveweight gain (LWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The Results the two breed were not significantly different (P&amp;gt;0.05) in parameters measured. Dry matter intakes of GO and GL were 2,59 and 2.52% of body weight, respectively. The dry matter disgestibilities were 50.98 in GO and 45.74 in GL. Liveweight gains of GO and GL were 0.74 and 0.88 kg/day, respectively. Feed conversion ratios in GO and GL were 8.49, respectively. It was concluded that GO and GL bulls had similar production performance.&lt;/p&gt;

The test about blood serum capabilities in maintaining the quality of bull spermatozoa during storage in cep diluent at refrigerator temperature

The storage of spermatozoa requires a protective material from cold shock events and the presence of free radicals.In CEP diluent contain BSA, that was used as spermatozoa protection. This study aim was to examine the ability of cow blood serum in replacing BSA as spermatozoa protective in CEP diluent. Fresh semen from Limousin bull was diluted with CEP diluent + BSA as control, in the treatment group were CEP without BSA, but replaced with 3%, 5%, and 7% serum from fresh blood. Spermatozoa quality tests included motility and viability. The motility of spermatozoa was observed by two people using a light microscope with 200 X magnification at temperature of 37°C. The method of viability observation was eosin nigrosin staining, and observed under a light microscope with 400 X magnification. The results showed that the replacement of cow blood serum with various concentrations gave different effects on the quality of spermatozoa. The best motility and viability of the treatment group was at serum concentrations of 5% after eight days storage and was not significantly different from the controls. The conclusion in this study was cow blood serum can replace BSA in CEP diluents.

The relationship of physical and chemical conditions of CEP diluent with egg yolk addition to bull spermatozoa quality before and after storage at temperaturof 4-5°C

Storage of semen requires diluent to dilute semen and maintain sperm quality. One of the diluent for bull semen was CEP. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of bull spermatozoa quality with the physical and chemical conditions of CEP diluents with the addition of egg yolk before and after the storage process. The study used Limousin bull with 5 replications. The quality of spermatozoa included motility and viability. Physical and chemical conditions included the pH and osmolarity of the diluent. The motility of spermatozoa was observed under a light microscope with 200 X magnification at 37°C by two people. The viability of spermatozoa was observed under a light microscope with 400 X magnification with nigrosine eosin staining. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and continued Duncan’s test. Dilution pH was measured using pH indicator paper ranging from 6-8. The osmolarity of the diluent was measured by electrical osmolarity. The results showed that the addition of egg yolk in the CEP diluent decreased the pH and increased osmolartitas, but the quality of spermatozoa can be kept up to 8 days of storage. The conclusion in this study was the addition of egg yolk in the CEP diluent provided physical and chemical conditions that can maintain the quality of spermatozoa during storage at a temperature of 4-5 ° C.

Increased Integrity of Plasma Membrane and Acrosome Cap Spermatozoa Limousin Cattle at Post Thawing in Frozen Media by adding Seawater Extract

This research was determined membrane integrity and acrosome cap of Limousin bull post thawing after adding seawater extract with different concentrations in extender skim milk and egg yolk to increased frozen semen quality. This research used fresh samples of Limousin bull’s semen collected by using artificial vagina, then devided into 4 treatments and 6 replications. The experimental design that used was Complete Random Design. Analysis of the data using Analysis of Variant (ANOVA) one way then proceeds to the Duncan Multiple Range Test to determine significant differences between treatments.The first treatment P0 no seawater extract added as a control. The second treatment P1 was treated with 0.109 µL seawater extract, P2 was treated with 0.426 µL seawater extract, and P3 was treated with 1.09 µL seawater extract. The result showed that determine significant differences between treatments. The post thawing membrane integrity’s result was P0= 22.00 ± 4.28, P1= 22.66 ± 3.61, P2= 25.00 ± 2.75, and P3= 29.00 ± 1.67. The post thawing acrosome cap’s result was P0= 30.50 ± 1.37, P1= 31.50 ± 3.27, P2= 34.83 ± 2.31, and P3= 38.00 ± 1.41. The highest concentration added seawater extract to increased membrane integrity and acrosome cap spermatozoa in this research was 1.09 µL. Keywords: Limousin bull; spermatozoa; seawater extract; membrane integrity; acrosome cap

Meat quality of Limousin young bulls slaughtered at 6, 9 and 12 months of age

The aim of this study was to compare the quality of meat of the young Limousin bulls slaughtered at the age of 6, 9 and 12 months, with particular regard to the residual glycogen content in the meat and the value of the glycolytic potential. The study was conducted on bovine longissimus lumborum muscle. The residual glycogen content, glycolytic potential value (96 h post-mortem), pH value (45 min, 24 h, 48 h and 96 h post-mortem), IMP/ATP index (45 min post-mortem), colour parameters (L*, a* and b*), natural and cooking losses, free water content, the chemical composition, sensory parameters (aroma, flavour, juiciness and tenderness) as well as instrumental tenderness based on cutting test (96 h post-mortem) were analysed. The slaughter age of bulls had significant (p&lt;0.05) effect on following meat parameters: concentration of glycogen, glycolytic potential value, lightness (L*) and redness (a*), shear force value, intramuscular fat content and sensory evaluation of aroma, flavour, juiciness and tenderness. The longissimus lumborum muscle from young bulls slaughtered at the age of 6 months had significantly (p&lt;0.05) lower values for glycogen concentration, glycolytic potential and intramuscular fat content when compared to animals slaughtered at the age of 12 months. Moreover, the colour of the examined muscle from the youngest bulls was characterised by the highest L* value and the lowest a* value as well as the lowest shear force value when compared to the meat of older bulls slaughtered at the age of 9 and 12 months.

The study of protein biomarkers to understand the biochemical processes underlying beef color development in young bulls

This study investigates relationships between 21 biomarkers and meat color traits of Longissimus thoracis muscles of young Aberdeen Angus and Limousin bulls. The relationships found allowed to propose metabolic processes underlying meat color. The color coordinates were related with several biomarkers. The relationships were in some cases breed-dependent and the variability explained in the regression models varied between 31 and 56%. The correlations between biomarkers and color parameters were sometimes opposite between breeds. The PCA using the 21 biomarkers and the instrumental color coordinates showed that these variables discriminated efficiently between the two studied breeds. Results are coherent with earlier studies on other beef breeds showing that several proteins belonging to different but partly related biological pathways involved in muscle contraction, metabolism, heat stress and apoptosis are related to beef color. The results suggest that in future, biomarkers may be used to classify meat cuts sampled early post-mortem according to their forthcoming color.

KARAKTERISTIK SEMEN SEGAR SAPI BANGSA LIMOUSIN DAN SIMMENTAL DI BALAI INSEMINASI BUATAN LEMBANG

FRESH SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF LIMOUSIN AND SIMMENTAL BULLS AT THE ARTIFISIAL INSEMINATION CENTER, LEMBANG. This study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of fresh semen in Limousin and Simmental bulls at the artificial insemination center in Lembang. Results of this study showed that ejaculation frequency of Simmental bull was significantly higher than that of Limousin with the average of 5.37 and 4.60, respectively. Variables of volume, pH and motility were not significantly different between both bulls with volume ranging of 7.17 – 7.20 ml, pH ranging of 6.65 – 6.66 and motility ranging of 58.08 – 59.29%, respectively. The fresh semen colour of Limousin and Simmental bulls were indicated by dominant color of milk white color. Semen consistency of fresh semen from both bulls was moderate. The ejaculation frequency and pH variables indicated the correlation of -0.32 in Limousine bulls, meaning that the higher the ejaculation frequency, the lower the pH (acid), but the ejaculation frequency and motility of semen had the correlation of 0,34, indicating the more the semen ejaculation frequency, the higher the motility of spermatozoa. The motility of semen had the negative correlation with pH (-0.49). The higher the pH (base), the motility of spermatozoa tended to decline. Simmental bull showed also that semen ejaculation frequency with volume had correlation of -0.40, indicating that the higher the semen ejaculation frequency yakni, the lower the semen volume. Semen ejaculation frequency had correlation of 0.5 with mortality, indicating that the higher the semen ejaculation frequency, the higher the motility of spermatozoa.Keywords: Semen, ejaculation, volume, color, consistency, pH, motility

Effect of the genetic group, production system and sex on the meat quality and sensory traits of beef from crossbred animals.

The crossbreeding of two or more breeds from the Bos taurus and Bos indicus species is an alternative for obtaining high-quality meat from animals adapted to tropical climates. Quality and sensory attributes of beef, mainly its tenderness and flavour, are very important with regard to the consumer's point of view. This study aimed to evaluate the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of crossbred young bulls and heifers, the offspring of Angus or Limousin bulls and 1/2 Angus + 1/2 Nellore or 1/2 Simental + 1/2 Nellore cows that were finished on feedlot or pasture. Meat quality traits (pH, colour, cooking loss, water holding capacity and shear force) and sensory parameters (characteristic beef aroma/flavour intensity, strange aroma/flavour intensity, tenderness and juiciness descriptive attributes, flavour, texture (tenderness) and overall acceptance) were evaluated. The genetic group had an effect on the beef pH, but it was not as relevant as the effect of the combination between the production system and the sex or genetic group, which affected many of the quality and sensory traits.

PENAMPILAN TINGKAH LAKU SEKSUAL SAPI PEJANTAN LIMOUSIN DAN SIMMENTAL DI BALAI INSEMINASI BUATAN LEMBANG

ABSTRACT SEXUAL BEHAVIOR OF LIMOUSIN AND SIMMENTAL BULL BREEDSAT THE LEMBANG ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION CENTER. In order to provide the prominent bulls, the management process of animal selection was required for animal replacement stock. Animal selection was including the inspection of animal physical and sexual behavior. Based on this criterion, study was conducted to observe the sexual behavior of Limousin and Simmental breed bulls at the artificial insemination center in Lembang, Bandung. The objective of this study was to evaluate the characteristic of sexual behavior of the Limousin and Simmental breed bulls. The amount of 80 bulls consisted of 40 Limousin and 40 Simmental bulls at the age of 6 to 9 years old were used in this study. Data collections were conducted by focal animal sampling. Sexual behavior was observed during ten days at the time from 07.00 to 11.00 West Indonesian Time. Data collection were started at the period of bull was introduced into teaser.Based on t-test on sexual behavior of Limousin and Simmental bulls, the results showed that (1) The time need for courtship with teaser of Limousin bull was significantly shorter (P&lt;0,01) compared with Simmental bull; (2) Time period use for the first time to start flehmen of Limousin bull was shorter significantly (P&lt;0,01) compared with Simmental bull; (3) Flehmen frequency of Limousin and Simmental was non significantly.Based on the observation of sexual behavior, the Limousin bull need time of the 2,22 seconds to start courthip with teaser, while Simmental bull need time of 2,77 seconds to start courtship with teaser. The Limousin bull need time of 222 seconds to start flehmen, while Simmental bull need time of 239 seconds to start flehmen. The time periods used for the first time to mount teaser by Limousin bull were 214,87 seconds, while those by Simmental bull were 302,02 seconds. The flehmen frequency of Limousin dan Simmental bulls was similar of only one time during sexual behavior.Key Words :Limousin, Simmental, Sexual behavior, Lembang Artificial Insemination Center

KUALITAS SEMEN SEGAR DAN RECOVERY RATE (RR) SAPI LIMOUSIN PADA MUSIM YANG BERBEDA

This research aimed to determine the quality of fresh semen and recovery rate (RR) Limousin bulls at different seasons in Indonesia. The research materials were used semen sample and recording of 10 Limousin bulls on November 2015 until September 2016. The analyze was used by descriptive, while seasonal factors were determined by rainfall, they were divided into 2 stage (summer and rainy). The result was showed that the average of individual motility (60±0.07 %) on summer and (57.7±0.09 %) on rainy, Consentration of spermatozoa (1043±208 million/ml) on summer and (1013±175 million/ml) on rainy, post thawing motility (44±0.02 %) on summer and (41±0.05 %) on rainy, RR value (65±0.05 %) on summer and (55±0.09 %) on rainy, the production of frozen semen (1979±644.2 straw) on summer and (1623±379 straw) on rainy. It was concluded that the best quality of fresh until frozen semen was generally on summer with low rainfall. The seasonal effect for quality of semen Limousin bulls were individual motility, concentration, PTM, and RR value will be impacted for frozen semen produce. It was advisable to rejected the Limousin bulls with poor semen quality.Keywords: Seasonality, Summer, Rainy, Quality of Semen

Metabolisme Energi Pakan pada Sapi Peranakan Ongole dan Sapi Peranakan Ongole x Limousin Jantan yang Mendapat Pakan Jerami Padi Fermentasi dan Konsentrat

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt; An experiment was carried out to study energy metabolisability in Limousin Grade and Ongole Grade bulls fed fermented rice straw. This experiment used 4 Ongole Grade (OG) and 4 Ongole Grade x Limousin (OGL) bulls, aged 9 mths. Ongole Grade bulls weighed 109 &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;± 16 kg, while OGL bulls weighed 133 &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;± 25 kg. The feeds given were fermented rice straw (offered ad libitum) and concentrate (fed at 2.1% live weight). The breeds of cattle were compared to each other in an “Independent Sample Comparison” method. Parameters observed were energy intake, energy excretion through faeces, urine and methane, and live weight gain. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P&amp;gt;0.05) between OG and OGL in energy intake (58.2 MJ/d vs 74 MJ/d), nor in energy metabolisability (38,4% vs 43,4%) The LWG of OG (0,24 kg/d) was significantly (P&amp;lt;0.5) lower than that of OGL (0,47 kg/d). It was concluded that being given fermented rice straw, OG and OGL bulls had similar ability in dietary energy metabolism.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Key Words: bull, breed, energy metabolism&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Effect of GH and DGAT1 gene polymorphism on feeding qualities of bull calves

The aim of this paper is to study effects of GH and DGAT1 gene polymorphisms on feeding qualities of Hereford and Limousin bull calves bred in conditions of the Cis-Ural steppe zone. SNPs of genes GH and DGAT1 are investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The studied population of animals was assessed by defining the allele frequency and animal genotype occurrence for the studied gene SNPs, indicators of the actual and expected heterozygosity, and Pearson’s test. A study of polymorphism C214G of gene GH revealed that genotype LL prevails in Hereford and Limousin animals, 47.37 and 57.7%, respectively, while frequency of allele L is higher in Limousin bull calves (0.731). A study of polymorphism K232A of gene DGAT1 gene in both the populations showed absence of genotypes AA, which can be related to the low number of the studied animals. Expected heterozygosity indicators of gene GH are higher than the observed ones, and the observed heterozygosity is higher for DGAT1. The number of efficient alleles for the studied genes is higher for Hereford bull calves. In general, according to Pearson’s test, both the studied populations are in equilibrium. There is a significant effect of GH gene polymorphism on live weight gain rates at the end of sagination and total and average daily weight gains during animal raising.

Effect of health status on fattening performance in young crossbred polish Holstein-Friesian × Limousin Bulls and steers.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of disease incidence on selected parameters of cattle fattening performance and carcass quality, and the fatty acid profile of beef. The experimental materials comprised 16 bulls and 16 steers, Polish Holstein-Friesian × Limousin crossbreeds (including 10 healthy and six treated animals of each category). At 5weeks of age, bloodless castration was carried out using a rubber elastrator. The calves were fed milk replacer provided in automatic feeding stations. Until 540days of age, the animals were fattened in an Animal Research Laboratory equipped with the Roughage Intake Control (RIC) system (Insentec, the Netherlands). In comparison with healthy (untreated) bulls and steers, sick (treated) animals had lower average body weight at 180days of age, by 37kg (P≤0.05) and lower average final body weight at 540days of age, by 56kg (P≤0.05). Sick animals were characterized by lower feed intake and worse feed efficiency (not statistically significant differences). Hot carcass weight reached 318kg in healthy animals and 258kg in treated bulls (P≤0.05). In treated steers, the percentage of lean meat and bones in the three-rib section was higher and the percentage of fat was lower, compared with their healthy counterparts (P≤0.01). There was a category × health status interaction for carcass tissue composition. There were no significant influences of type of sickness on analyzed traits. In comparison with healthy steers, intramuscular fat of Musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) from treated steers had significantly (P≤0.05) higher concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 and n-3) and a lower content of conjugated linoleic acid.

Dermatosparaxis in two Limousin calves.

BackgroundAn unusual presentation of skin disease was identified in two related neonatal Pedigree Limousin calves presented to University Veterinary Hospital, University College Dublin, following detailed post mortem examination a diagnosis of dermatosparaxis was made. Dermatosparaxis in animals or Ehlers Danlos Syndrome, which is the analogous condition seen in humans, is a connective tissue disorder characterised by extreme skin fragility. To the authors’ knowledge this is the first report of such a diagnosis in the Limousin breed and the features of this lethal phenotype were severe in comparison to previous reports of the condition.Case presentationTwo calves, which were full siblings, a pedigree Limousin bull (Calf A) and pedigree Limousin heifer (Calf B) were examined clinically after presenting collapsed since birth, both had grossly abnormal skin with multiple skin fissures visible and both calves were subsequently euthanised. Both calves underwent gross post mortem examination, after which histological samples were reviewed and electron microscopical examination of selected skin samples was carried out. Histological features of dysplastic dermal collagen were identified. The diagnosis of dermatosparaxis in the Limousin breed was confirmed. Genetic testing was conducted to determine if the current cases had the same mutation as has previously been described in Belgian Blue cattle. Some common parentage was traced but genetic testing did not show a similar mutation to that previously described in cattle. The specific genetic cause in this case is unknown.ConclusionsThis is the first report of dermatosparaxis in the Limousin and the presentation of the dermatosparaxis phenotype has some noteworthy features thus further genetic testing is required to pinpoint the causative mutation or other genetic defect. Given the popularity of the breed and the lethal nature of the phenotype in this case it is important to raise awareness of the condition.

PENGGANTIAN BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN PADA PENGENCER CEP-2 DENGAN SERUM DARAH SAPI DAN PUTIH TELUR TERHADAP KUALITAS SEMEN CAIR SAPI LIMOUSIN SELAMA PENDINGINAN (The Substitution of Bovine Serum Albumin with Cattle Blood Serum and Egg White in CEP-2 Diluent on the Quality of Limousin Bull Liquid Semen during Refrigerating)

This study aims to determine the effect of the substitution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with cattle blood serum and egg white in the diluent of Cauda epididymal Plasma 2 (CEP-2) on sperm quality of Limousin cattle during cooling at 3-5 C. The research material used was rejected Limousin bull sperm (motility of 50-60%) from Artificial Insemination Centre Singosari, Malang. This research was a laboratory experiment using a randomized block design which was composed of six treatments with 10 replications, those were T0 as controls ((90% CEP-2 with BSA + 10% egg yolk); T1 (83.84% CEP-2 + 6.16% cattle blood serum + 10% egg yolk); T2 (81.84% CEP-2 + 8.16% cattle blood serum + 10% egg yolk); dan T3 (90% CEP-2 + 0,4% egg white + 10% egg yolk); T4 (90% CEP-2 + 0.8% egg white + 10% egg yolk); and T5 (90% CEP-2 without BSA + 10% egg yolk). Parameters measured were the percentage of motility, viability, and abnormality of sperms. Results of research after 48 hours of storage showed that the percentage of sperm motility in T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 were 40.50±5.90, 36±36.16, 34.00±6.58, 40.50±3.69, 38.50±3.37, and 38.50±4.12, respectively, while the percentage of sperms viability were 75.16±4.30, 70.50±2.88, 73.80±2.80, 74.80±3.30, 75.13±3.13, and 74.03±4.13, respectively, and the percentage of sperms abnormality were 10.14±2.34, 10.62±1.34, 11.33±2.00, 10.94±2.82, 10.02±1.95, and 10.78±1.96, respectively. In conclusion, CEP-2 diluent with or without the addition of 19% egg yolk in BSA and the substitution of BSA with 0.4-0.8% egg white can maintain semen quality to hour of 48 in cold storage.This study aims to determine the effect of the substitution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with cattle blood serum and egg white in the diluent of Cauda epididymal Plasma 2 (CEP-2) on sperm quality of Limousin cattle during cooling at 3-5 C. The research material used was rejected Limousin bull sperm (motility of 50-60%) from Artificial Insemination Centre Singosari, Malang. This research was a laboratory experiment using a randomized block design which was composed of six treatments with 10 replications, those were T0 as controls ((90% CEP-2 with BSA + 10% egg yolk); T1 (83.84% CEP-2 + 6.16% cattle blood serum + 10% egg yolk); T2 (81.84% CEP-2 + 8.16% cattle blood serum + 10% egg yolk); dan T3 (90% CEP-2 + 0,4% egg white + 10% egg yolk); T4 (90% CEP-2 + 0.8% egg white + 10% egg yolk); and T5 (90% CEP-2 without BSA + 10% egg yolk). Parameters measured were the percentage of motility, viability, and abnormality of sperms. Results of research after 48 hours of storage showed that the percentage of sperm motility in T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5 were 40.50±5.90, 36±36.16, 34.00±6.58, 40.50±3.69, 38.50±3.37, and 38.50±4.12, respectively, while the percentage of sperms viability were 75.16±4.30, 70.50±2.88, 73.80±2.80, 74.80±3.30, 75.13±3.13, and 74.03±4.13, respectively, and the percentage of sperms abnormality were 10.14±2.34, 10.62±1.34, 11.33±2.00, 10.94±2.82, 10.02±1.95, and 10.78±1.96, respectively. In conclusion, CEP-2 diluent with or without the addition of 19% egg yolk in BSA and the substitution of BSA with 0.4-0.8% egg white can maintain semen quality to hour of 48 in cold storage.

Fattening performance of crossbred (Polish Holstein-Friesian × Hereford, Limousin or Charolais) bulls and steers offered high-wilted grass silage-based rations

Fattening performance of crossbred (Polish Holstein-Friesian × Hereford, Limousin or Charolais) bulls and steers offered high-wilted grass silage-based rations

Effects of polymorphism in TG5 and LEP genes on meat productivity of Hereford and Limousin bull calves

The effects of polymorphism in the TG5 and LEP genes on meat productivity of Hereford and Limousin bull calves have been studied under the environmental conditions in the pre-Ural steppe zone. A significant dominance of the TG5C and LepA alleles is determined in the animals of both breeds; the distributions of frequencies of the genotypes for the TG5 gene are similar in character. The most common genotypes are TG5CC and TG5CT. The genotype frequency analysis indicates the considerable genetic potential of the animals for palatability and the nutritional values of meat, which is specified by the relatively high proportions of the TG5T allele and the desirableTG5TT genotype. The breed differences in the frequencies of genotypes for the LEP gene were ascertained as follows: the LEPAA genotype is predominant in the Hereford bull calves, while the relatively useful LEPAB genotype prevails in the Limousin bull calves. No significant relationship between the target TG5 and LEP SNP-genes and the animal growth rates was revealed.