Limestone Horizons Research Articles

Geology of Muskegon Oil Field, Muskegon, Michigan

The Muskegon oil field was discovered in December, 1927, and reached its peak of production in August, 1929. This was the first field of significant commercial size in Michigan, containing 2,800 producing acres. The structure shows between 60 and 70 feet of closure on the productive porous limestone horizons, which include the Traverse, Dundee (?), and Upper Monroe, of Devonian age. The disappearance of the Devonian structure beneath the Salina salt beds seems to be explainable by the rate of eastward divergence of the Monroe-Salina section into the center of the basin.

Bark Structure of Callixylon

Previous articleNext article No AccessBark Structure of CallixylonChester A. ArnoldChester A. Arnold Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 90, Number 4Dec., 1930 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/334114 Views: 4Total views on this site Citations: 12Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in the Botanical Gazette (1876-1991), which is continued by International Journal of Plant Sciences (1992-present). PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Anne-Laure Decombeix and Jean Galtier Periderm Production in the Mississippian Cladoxylopsid Cladoxylon taeniatum and a Review of Periderm Occurrence in Paleozoic Plants, International Journal of Plant Sciences 182, no.66 (Apr 2021): 430–444.https://doi.org/10.1086/714284Nicolas Momont, Anne-Laure Decombeix, Philippe Gerrienne, Cyrille Prestianni New information, including anatomy of the secondary xylem, on the genus Brabantophyton (Stenokoleales) from Ronquières (Middle Devonian, Belgium), Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 234 (Nov 2016): 44–60.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2016.08.009Anne-Laure Decombeix, Jean Galtier, and Brigitte Meyer-Berthaud Secondary Phloem in Early Carboniferous Seed Plants: Anatomical Diversity and Evolutionary Implications, International Journal of Plant Sciences 175, no.88 (Jul 2015): 891–910.https://doi.org/10.1086/677650Anne-Laure Decombeix, Brigitte Meyer-Berthaud A Callixylon (Archaeopteridales, Progymnospermopsida) trunk with preserved secondary phloem from the Late Devonian of Morocco, American Journal of Botany 100, no.1111 (Nov 2013): 2219–2230.https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1300167Brigitte Meyer-Berthaud, Anne-Laure Decombeix, and Xavier Ermacora Archaeopterid Root Anatomy and Architecture: New Information from Permineralized Specimens of Famennian Age from Anti-Atlas (Morocco), International Journal of Plant Sciences 174, no.33 (Jul 2015): 364–381.https://doi.org/10.1086/668685Edith L. Taylor Phloem Evolution: An Appraisal Based on the Fossil Record, (Jan 1990): 285–298.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74445-7_14David C. Wight, Charles B. Beck Sieve Cells in Phloem of a Middle Devonian Progymnosperm, Science 225, no.46694669 (Sep 1984): 1469–1471.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.225.4669.1469Edith L. Smoot THE PHLOEM OF ETAPTERIS LECLERCQII AND BOTRYOPTERIS TRIDENTATA, American Journal of Botany 66, no.55 (May 1979): 511–521.https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1979.tb06253.xCharles B. Beck Current status of the Progymnospermopsida, Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 21, no.11 (Jan 1976): 5–23.https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-6667(76)90020-8S. E. Scheckler, H. P. Banks ANATOMY AND RELATIONSHIPS OF SOME DEVONIAN PROGYMNOSPERMS FROM NEW YORK, American Journal of Botany 58, no.88 (Sep 1971): 737–751.https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1971.tb10028.xJohn Walton ON THE STRUCTURE OF A SILICIFIED STEM OF PROTOPITYS AND ROOTS ASSOCIATED WITH IT FROM THE CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE, LOWER CARBONIFEROUS (MISSISSIPPIAN) OF YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND, American Journal of Botany 56, no.77 (Aug 1969): 808–813.https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1969.tb09730.xCharles B. Beck TETRAXYLOPTERIS SCHMIDTII GEN. ET SP. NOV., A PROBABLE PTERIDOSPERM PRECURSOR FROM THE DEVONIAN OF NEW YORK, American Journal of Botany 44, no.44 (Apr 1957): 350–367.https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1957.tb10551.x

The Petalocrinus Limestone Horizon at Woolhope, Herefordshire

The classic ground of the Woolhope Silurian inlier, situated some 5 miles south-east of the city of Hereford, has been described by various authors 1 ; its general dome-shaped form and the sequence of beds from Upper Llandovery to Downtonian are, therefore, well known. This communication deals in greater detail with the central area of the dome, which is occupied by the outcrops of Upper Llandovery rocks and overlying Woolhope Limestone. Murchison's description 2 of the succession of these beds at Woolhope has been tabulated by Prof. O. T. Jones, 3 in his paper on the Valentian Series, as follows:— Prof. Jones pointed out that the systematic position of the shales with calcareous flags and the overlying earthy limestones is not clear from the description given by Murchison, who apparently regarded them as passage-beds from the Upper Llandovery into the Woolhope Series. In the same paper he observed that ‘their chief interest is in the occurrence of the well-marked species Stricklandinia lirata (forma typica), which appears to be of very restricted vertical range. As there is no information in regard to the fauna associated with that species, it is impossible to decide whether the horizon should be attached to the Woolhope or to the Llandovery.’ Prof. Jones pointed out that the systematic position of the shales with calcerous flags and the overlying earthly limestones is not clear from the description given by Murchison, who apparently regarded them as passage-beds from the Upper Llandovery into the Woolhope Series. In the same paper he observed that

Hendrick Field, Winkler County, Texas

The Hendrick field, central Winkler County, the first field to be prorated in Texas, is located in an area that at one time was thought to be the deepest part of the Permian basin. Subsurface folding is not reflected in the surface, which is covered with windblown sands. The prolific production of oil is due to the high porosity in the producing limestone horizons, aided by the great hydrostatic pressure of water.

The coprolite limestone horizon of the Conemaugh series in and around Morgantown, West Virginia

The coprolite limestone horizon of the Conemaugh series in and around Morgantown, West Virginia

III.—The Bekinkinite of Barshaw (Renfrewshire), and the Associated Rocks

The recognition of teschenites in the Midland Valley of Scotland, first by Teall and later by several other petrographers, has led to the discovery of numerous varieties of analcite-rich rocks in th same area. One of the most interesting of these is the unique rock discovered in an old quarry at Barshaw near Paisley, during the remapping of the district by the officers of the Geological Survey of Scotland. A preliminary description of this rock as a weathered theralite was given by Mr. E. B. Bailey in 1909. In the previous year a chemical analysis by Mr. E. G. Radley had appeared. A fuller description is given in the Survey Memoir on the Glasgow District (1911). According to Mr. R. G. Carruthers the theralite is probably part of an igneous mass which is persistently found at the Hurlet Limestone horizon of the Carboniferous Limestone Series in the Paisley district. Tlie petrography of the rock, as investigated by Mr. Bailey, makes clear its relationship to the melanoeratic ijolites of Madagascar described by Lacroix, and named ‘bekinkinite’ by Rosenbusch. It is considered as a special modification of the Paisley teschenite or dolerite.

Part I the Stratigraphical Sucession

The Sedimentary rocks exposed in Fassa Valley and the immediate neighbourhood of Monzoni belong to the Permian and Triassic series. The thicknesses of the successive deposits are represented to true scale in the accompanying Table (p. 19). This Table marks certain advances upon all published accounts of the Triassic succession in the Fassa-Monzoni districts. Two new fossiliferous zones are demonstrated: 1. A fossiliferous zone at the base of the Mendola Limestone or dolomitic limestone horizon and above the Naticella costata zone , in so far as it has been previously defined, in the Dolomites. This zone corresponds in stratigraphical position to the horizon of the “Myophoria Beds or Reichenhall Limestone in N. Tyrol and Bavaria. 2. A fossiliferous zone at the base of the “Marmolata” Limestone or dolomitic-limestone and above the nodular limestone known as the “Buchenstein” horizon in this district. This fossiliferous zone answers to the Wengen-Cassian strata in other areas of the Dolomites and Eastern Alps generally. Lower Trias. Those geologists who are familiar with Alpine Trias will observe that the Werfen Strata or Lower Trias is estimated in the Table at a thickness more than double that which is usually accorded to it in this district; but the thickness of the individual horizons has been carefully calculated by me in the field and will be found to be approximately accurate. Very important results for the work of geological mapping were obtainable by means of close observation of the petrographical character as well as

VII.—Materials for the Correlation of the Lower Palæozoic Rocks of Britain and Scandinavia

Cambrian of Westrogothia, Oland, etc.—The Cambrian Rocks are shown in several other localities in Scania. The basal sandstones (Lugnas or Eophyton sandstones) near the Baltic coast, near Delperöd. The Hardeberga sandstones (Fucoid Sandstone) are found wherever the Archæan is bared, as near Rostånga, Lund, Eljaröd, and Cimbrishavn. Sections of the Alum schists are rarer. The most perfect is that of Kiviks Esperöd on the Baltic, where the Coronatus Limestone or Exsulans horizon of the Parad. Tessini zone well developed. The identity between its palæontological sequence and that of Andrarum was demonstrated by Nathorst in 1876.