Lightweight Key Agreement Protocol Research Articles

Secure and lightweight key agreement protocol for remote surgery over tactile internet using physically unclonable functions

Secure and lightweight key agreement protocol for remote surgery over tactile internet using physically unclonable functions

MCDH-SLKAP: Modified Computational Diffie-Hellman-Based Secure and Lightweight Key Agreement Protocol for Decentralized Edge Computing Networks

MCDH-SLKAP: Modified Computational Diffie-Hellman-Based Secure and Lightweight Key Agreement Protocol for Decentralized Edge Computing Networks

A Provably Secure Lightweight Key Agreement Protocol for Wireless Body Area Networks in Healthcare System

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is a vital application of the Internet of Things (IoT) that plays a significant role in gathering a patient's healthcare information. This collected data helps special professionals like doctors or physicians analyze patients' health status to cure different diseases. However, collecting such information from an insecure channel can be threatening due to the potential security threats. Therefore, it is crucial to secure this sensitive information. This article proposes a secure and lightweight authentication protocol for WBAN. The devised protocol is scalable, secure, and lightweight compared to various relevant competing protocols. The informal security analysis shows that the designed protocol is lightweight, secure, and efficient in resisting various major attacks. The performance analysis demonstrates our protocol's supremacy over various competing protocols in terms of computation and communication costs, inducing efficiency of 20.3% and 12.3%, respectively. Moreover, the practical performance of the designed protocol from the network point of view is measured using the widely recognized NS3 simulation tool.

A Lightweight Key Agreement Protocol with Authentication Capability

Computationally lightweight and unconditionally secure key agreement protocols are very useful for secure communication in public networks. Recently, Guan et al. proposed a key agreement protocol whose security is based on the unpredictability of channel noise rather than computationally hard problems. These protocols are efficient, computationally lightweight, and unconditionally secure. However, authentication was not integrated into these protocols. In this article, we propose a new protocol with authentication capability that enables two nodes in the network to establish a secret session key for secure communication. It is more efficient, and it also preserves the lightweight and unconditional secure features of the key agreement protocols proposed by Guan et al. Therefore, it is more suitable for devices with limited computing power, such as sensors in Internet of Things (IoT).

A Key Agreement Scheme for IoD Deployment Civilian Drone

Drones are of different shapes, sizes, characteristics, and configurations. It can be classified for the purpose of its deployment, either in the civilian or military domain. The earliest usage of drones was totally for military purposes, but manufacturers promptly tested it for civilian fields like border surveillance, disaster relief, pipeline relief, and security. Drone’s manufacturing, equipment installation, power supply, multi-rotor system, and embedded sensors are not the pressing issues for researchers of drone technologies. What is required is to utilize a drone for a complex operation and ensure secured data broadcasting among drones with the ground control station via a self-organized, resourceless, and infrastructureless network (Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANET)). These operations are no less important in areas like emergency, search and rescue operations, border surveillance, and physical phenomenon sensing for the end-user. However, it is not without some challenges for the researchers keeping in view the threats these operations are exposed to concerning security issues and challenges. To overcome these challenges, the designers have to strive towards a secured drone operation by developing a robust and lightweight key agreement protocol for IoD deployment civilian drone. Consequently, the researchers in this study have attempted to design a verifiably secure and lightweight authentication scheme for IoD deployment civilian drones. The proposed security protocol has been verified by ProVerif2.02 and Real-Or-Random (ROR) model, while its performance scenario has been tackled by considering storage, computation, and communication overheads analysis. In comparing the proposed framework with prior protocols, it has been demonstrated that the scheme is quite efficient and may be recommended for operations in a given IoD environment.

A Lightweight Key Agreement Protocol Based on Chinese Remainder Theorem and ECDH for Smart Homes.

Security and efficiency are the two main challenges for designing a smart home system. In this paper, by incorporating Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) into the elliptic curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDH), a lightweight key agreement protocol for smart home systems is constructed. Firstly, one-way hash authentication is used to identify the sensor nodes instead of mutual authentication to reduce the authentication cost. Secondly, the CRT is introduced to enhance the security of the original ECDH key agreement. Security analysis showed that the proposed protocol can validate the data integrity and resist the replay attack, the man-in-middle attack, and other attacks. Performance analysis and experiments showed that the protocol achieves high security with low communication and computation costs, and can be implemented in smart home systems.

Anonymous Key-Agreement Protocol for V2G Environment Within Social Internet of Vehicles

The blend of Internet of Things (IoT) and social networking has introduced the emerging notion of social Internet of Things, which is bringing advancements in the operation of concerned industries. There are various prevailing applications of social internet of things; smart grid is one of them. The smart grid is considered as economical robust and intuitive replacement of the conventional grid. However, smart grid experiences two significant challenges, i.e. privacy and security. This article is dedicated to resolve the privacy and security concerns for the vehicle to grid networks to facilitate their large-scale integration with smart grids. As anticipation, a vigorous key agreement protocol is introduced to achieve mutual authentication with an aided feature of user anonymity. Moreover, efficiency in terms of computation, communication and storage needs to be taken care for resource-constrained infrastructure like vehicle to grid network. We have introduced a lightweight key agreement protocol using lightweight cryptographic operations such as exclusive-OR and hash etc. This protocol is validated through a formal security model. An informal security analysis is also elaborated to present the security strength of our protocol against well-known attacks. Furthermore, we have implemented all the cryptographic operations used at trusted agent's side on a desktop system, while the operations used at battery vehicle unit's side are implemented on an Arduino to get the experimental results. In the end, we have presented a performance analysis to compare the performance of our protocol with related ones. This comparison highlights that our protocol is not only lightweight but also efficient in terms of communication and storage cost of related protocols.

A Dynamic Privacy-Preserving Key Management Protocol for V2G in Social Internet of Things

With the smart grid (SG) and the social Internet of Things (SIoT), an electric vehicle operator can use reliable, flexible, and efficient charging service with vehicle-to-grid (V2G). However, open channels can be vulnerable to various attacks by a malicious adversary. Therefore, secure mutual authentication for V2G has become essential, and numerous related protocols have been proposed. In 2018, Shen et al. proposed a privacy-preserving and lightweight key agreement protocol for V2G in SIoT to ensure security. However, we demonstrate that their protocol does not withstand impersonation, privileged-insider, and offline password guessing attacks, and it does not also guarantee secure mutual authentication, session key security, and perfect forward secrecy. Therefore, this paper proposes a dynamic privacy-preserving and lightweight key agreement protocol for V2G in SIoT to resolve the security weaknesses of Shen et al.'s protocol. The proposed protocol resists several attacks including impersonation, offline password guessing, man-in-the-middle, replay, and trace attacks, ensures anonymity, perfect forward secrecy, session key security, and secure mutual authentication. We evaluate the security of the proposed protocol using formal security analysis under the broadly-accepted real-or-random (ROR) model, secure mutual authentication proof using the widely-accepted Burrows-Abadi-Needham (BAN) logic, informal (non-mathematical) security analysis, and also the formal security verification using the broadly-accepted automated validation of Internet security protocols and applications (AVISPA) tool. We then compare computation costs, and security and functionality features of the proposed protocol with related protocols. Overall, the proposed protocol provides superior security, and it can be efficiently deployed to practical SIoT-based V2G environment.

Privacy-Preserving and Lightweight Key Agreement Protocol for V2G in the Social Internet of Things

The concept of the Social Internet of Things (SIoT) can be viewed as the integration of prevailing social networking and the Internet of Things, which is making inroads into the daily operation of many industries. Smart grids, which are cost-effective and environmentally friendly applications, are a promising field of the SIoT. However, security and privacy concerns are the dark aspects of smart grids. The goal of this paper is to address the security and privacy issues in the vehicle-togrid (V2G) networks with the intention of promoting a more extensive deployment of V2G networks for smart grids. Driven by this motivation, in this paper, we propose a robust key agreement protocol that can achieve mutual authentication without exposing the real identities of users. Efficiency is also a major concern in resource-constrained environments. By leveraging only hash functions and bitwise exclusive-OR operations, the proposed protocol is highly efficient compared with pairing-based protocols. In addition, we define a formal security model for our privacy-preserving key agreement protocol for V2G networks. Using this model, a formal security analysis shows that the proposed protocol is secure. Moreover, an informal security analysis demonstrates that our protocol can withstand different types of attacks.

Secure Key Agreement with Rekeying Using FLSO Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network

A challenge in wireless sensor network (WSN) is to design an energy efficient and secure network protocol because sensors are the wireless device with limited resources. To overcome the problem of insecure transmission in WSNs, efficient and light weight key agreement protocol (LARK) with rekeying is designed in which sensed data is carried out through the gateway node. In this paper, a novel construction is largely deliberated to abolish the security issues. The novel method called fuzzy C means cluster based light weight social spider optimization (FLSO) protocol for improving secure transmission with less energy consumption. In FLSO protocol, fuzzy C means clustering is used for grouping the nodes based on individual cluster’s membership and cluster head selection is associated with the lowest ID of the corresponding nodes. Next to clustering, secure transmission is done with the help of light weight key agreement protocol (LARK) with rekeying technique. In addition to the symmetric key, another one session key is generated to improve security using the Diffie Hellman cryptographic algorithm. Then the secure routing is done with the help of social spider algorithm. Finally, the simulation is performed on the platform of MATLAB simulator. In which results are taken in terms of memory, communication overhead, end to end delay, transmission delay, packet delivery ratio, authentication analysis, computational time and energy consumption. Results indicate that FLSO protocol provides efficient transmission by reducing energy consumption and providing security over the path of the transmission.

Lightweight key agreement protocol for IoT based on IKEv2

The future of wireless sensor networks is in providing IP connectivity to all the nodes in the network. 6LoWPAN is an adaptation layer which allows the IEEE 802.15.4 network to communicate using IPv6 addresses. Security in 6LoWPAN is an important issue to be taken into consideration. The nodes are limited in terms of energy, memory and processing power. Therefore, including security will be an additional cost, but nevertheless it is mandatory in certain applications like e-health monitoring, building-structure monitoring, etc. Therefore, as a part of providing end-to-end security in wireless sensor networks, a novel lightweight key agreement and authentication protocol has been proposed. This protocol is implemented in NS-2 and a performance comparison is made with the existing IKEv2 protocol.

A novel user authentication and key agreement scheme for heterogeneous ad hoc wireless sensor networks, based on the Internet of Things notion

The idea of the Internet of Things (IOT) notion is that everything within the global network is accessible and interconnected. As such Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) play a vital role in such an environment, since they cover a wide application field. Such interconnection can be seen from the aspect of a remote user who can access a single desired sensor node from the WSN without the necessity of firstly connecting with a gateway node (GWN). This paper focuses on such an environment and proposes a novel user authentication and key agreement scheme for heterogeneous ad hoc wireless sensor networks. The proposed scheme enables a remote user to securely negotiate a session key with a general sensor node, using a lightweight key agreement protocol. The proposed scheme ensures mutual authentication between the user, sensor node, and the gateway node (GWN), although the GWN is never contacted by the user. The proposed scheme has been adapted to the resource-constrained architecture of the WSN, thus it uses only simple hash and XOR computations. Our proposed scheme tackles these risks and the challenges posed by the IOT, by ensuring high security and performance features.

An Improved Lightweight Key Agreement Protocol between Resource-Constrained Nodes and Powerful Devices and Its Application

An Improved Lightweight Key Agreement Protocol between Resource-Constrained Nodes and Powerful Devices and Its Application