Lightweight cellular concrete (LCC) could be in frequent contact with chemicals (such as acid rains, chemical factories and acidic soils). However, the effect of acid and alkaline corrosion on the compressive strength of LCC is often ignored. In this study, the acid and alkali test were carried out to study the strength change of LCC specimens with different mix ratios, and the comparison was made with the untreated specimens. The results show that compared with specimens immersed in acid solution and untreated specimens, the compressive strength LCC specimens immersed in alkaline solution was always the lowest. With the increase of the foam content and water-binder ratio, the compressive strength of LCC specimens immersed in alkaline solution decreased. The compressive strength of LCC specimens immersed in acid solution decreased with the increase of the water-binder ratio. With the increase of the immersion time, the compressive strength of LCC specimens immersed the acid and alkaline solution all decreased.