Light Production Research Articles

Light demand characteristics, production performance, and changes in the feeding patterns of broilers

Light demand characteristics, production performance, and changes in the feeding patterns of broilers

ЗАКАТ ЭСТЕТИКИ БУДУАРА. СОВЕТСКИЙ СУБЪЕКТ В ЛАБИРИНТЕ ДЕКОРАТИВНОЙ ИСТОРИИ И КУЛЬТУРНАЯ РЕВОЛЮЦИЯ 1990-Х ГОДОВ В РОССИИ

Thearticle examines the Russian television series “Queen Margot” and “Comtesse De Montsoreau” in the context of socio-cultural changes that took place in Russia in the 1980s –1990s. The artistic style of these TV projects is studied in comparison with the French and Soviet traditions of film adaptations of works by A. Dumas. French cinema and television in the second half of the twentieth century was characterized by a movement from light semi-comedy productions to deep reconstruction, immersing the viewer in the historical context of the era. In the Soviet Union, there was a special artistic style of film adaptations, to the detriment of historicity, emphasizing the elements of theatrical decorativeness inherent in the writer’s work. These techniques, like the “Aesopian language” of Soviet literature, successfully helped film and television figures to circumvent the taboos and prohibitions that existed in Soviet culture. In the 1990s, there was a revolution-like change in the functional tasks of domestic television. Despite the preservation of inertial motion in the same stylistic direction for some time, as evidenced by the above-mentioned television series, there is a gradual disintegration of the foundations of the Soviet visualization model. Russian television has increasingly become a part of the cultural industry, while losing its former distinctive features.

ACTUALIZATION OF THE PROBLEM OF IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH-RISK FACILITIES

Purpose. The purpose of the work is to analyze the existing approaches to the identification of high-risk facilities and identify the features inherent in the process of identification of oil products supply facilities. Methodology. To achieve this goal, the analysis of the requirements of normative legal acts regulating the process of identification of high-risk facilities, methods of collecting and summarizing information, as well as critical analysis with elements of forecasting has been used. Results. The features of the process of identification of filling stations (gas stations), which are due to the change in the identification procedure and the introduction of the 3d class of high-risk facilities, have been determined. It is shown that almost all modern gas stations, which are designed for receiving, storing and dispensing light petroleum products, and where cars are refueled with LPG, are high-risk facilities of the 3d class and are subject to the requirements of regulatory legal acts regarding the identification, submission of a declaration, development and revision of the plan for localization and elimination of accidents. It has been established that in the absence of tanks for storage of LPG at gas stations, they are not highrisk facilities, and the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On High-Risk Facilities" do not apply to them. Scientific novelty. Establishing the ambiguity of the current process of identification of high-risk facilities, and the tasks that need to be solved to improve this process, which consist in harmonizing all normative legal acts that regulate security issues in the state, including in terms of planning and development of settlements, taking into account not only the dangers caused by the harmful effects of industrial enterprises and other economic facilities, but also their characteristics, as high-risk facilities. Practical value. It consists in establishing the conditions under which the gas station belongs to the 3d class of high-risk facilities, which is an important measure for the prevention of man-made accidents (explosions and fires) in connection with the loss of force of regulations governing the identification of potentially dangerous facilities and the adoption of the Procedure for identifying high-risk facilities and keeping records of them, approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated September 13, 2022, No. 1030. It allows preventing negative consequences of their impact on employees, public and environment. Keywords: high-risk facilities, identification, gas stations, oil products, explosions, fires, safety.

Particle production in Au+Au collisions at beam energy scan II energies at STAR

We report on measurements of light charged hadron production in Au+Au collisions at √SNN = 14.6, 19.6, 27, and 54.4 GeV from the second phase of the beam energy scan (BES-II) program at RHIC. Transverse mass spectra and rapidity density distributions of π±, K±, p, and ¯p are measured as a function of collision energy, centrality, and rapidity. This work extends the previously published BES-I mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.1) measurement to a rapidity of 0.9. This new rapidity dependence highlights the effects of baryon stopping for proton yields and the different production mechanisms of π± and K±. The relative abundance of these light hadrons indicates different thermodynamic environments at different energies, centralities, and rapidities. The temperature (T) and chemical potentials (μB and μS) at chemical freeze-out are reported with their dependence on rapidity to further understand the QCD phase diagram.

Progress of research on the bonding-strength improvement of two-layer adhesive-free flexible copper-clad laminates.

The arrival of the 5G era has placed high demands on the electronic products. Developing thin, light, and portable electronic products capable of simultaneously improving the transmission rate and reducing the signal delay and transmission loss is necessary to meet such demands. The traditional three-layer, adhesive, flexible copper-clad laminate (3L-FCCL) cannot satisfy these demands because of its adhesive component. The large thickness and poor heat resistance disadvantages of 3L-FCCL can be avoided with a two-layer, adhesive-free, flexible copper-clad laminate (2L-FCCL). However, 2L-FCCL has low bonding strength. This work introduces the selection of conductor materials and insulating base films for flexible copper-clad laminates. Modification studies aimed at increasing the bonding performance of 2L-FCCL are summarized based on three aspects. These modification techniques include the surface treatment of copper foils, modification and surface treatment of polyimide films, and surface treatment of liquid-crystal polymers. Prospects are further provided.

Characterization Product of Coconut Shell Gasification as Liquid Fuel Through Catalytic Cracking Process with Activated Natural Zeolite Catalyst

There are 3 types of general fuels widely used, namely solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Liquid fuel is the most frequently used fuels because its the easiest to use and for transportation. Type of liquid fuel commonly used is gasoline and diesel. However, the amount of fossil fuels is dwindling, so that at this time a substitute fuel from biomass and its derivatives is needed. One of the commonly used natural resources is biomass. This biomass is used not only directly but can also be used indirectly. One of them is the gasification process. The gasification process produces 3 products, gas, solid and liquid. The liquid gasification product is rarely used because its considered a B3 waste. The liquid gasification product is tar. Tar is a substance composed of various long chain hydrocarbon compounds. Therefore, tar has the potential to be processed into fuel. Therefore, currently we process tar as a fuel by cracking the tar to obtain light hydrocarbon products which are equivalent to gasoline or diesel. This process uses a natural zeolite catalyst to break down these hydrocarbons. The natural zeolite used is zeolite originating from Padalarang, West Java. This natural zeolite has been processed to obtain a suitable Si/Al content for cracking. After the cracking process with catalyst, liquid fuel will be produced. GCMS test results for liquid products is component acetic acid with a concentration of 5.87.2%, phenol 5.55.9% and C8H10O2 and C8H10O3 9.110.5%. Based on these components, the resulting liquid fuel is equivalent to gasoline.

Tuning white light emission using single-component tetrachroic Dy3+ metallacrowns: the role of chromophoric building blocks.

White light production is of major importance for ambient lighting and technological displays. White light can be obtained by several types of materials and their combinations, but single component emitters remain rare and desirable towards thinner devices that are, therefore, easier to control and that require fewer manufacturing steps. We have designed a series of dysprosium(iii)-based luminescent metallacrowns (MCs) to achieve this goal. The synthesized MCs possess three main structural types LnGa4(L')4(L'')4 (type A), Ln2Ga8(L')8(L''')4 (type B) and LnGa8(L')8(OH)4 (type C) (H3L', HL'' and H2L''' derivatives of salicylhydroxamic, benzoic and isophthalic acids, respectively). The advantage of these MCs is that, within each structural type, the nature of the organic building blocks does not affect the symmetry around Dy3+. By detailed studies of the photophysical properties of these Dy3+-based MCs, we have demonstrated that CIE coordinates can be tuned from warm to neutral to cold white by (i) defining the symmetry about Dy3+, and (ii) choosing appropriate chromophoric building blocks. These organic building blocks, without altering the coordination geometry around Dy3+, influence the total emission profile through changing the probability of different energy transfer processes including the 3T1 ← Dy3+* energy back transfer and/or by generating ligand-centered fluorescence in the blue range. This work opens new perspectives for the creation of white light emitting devices using single component tetrachroic molecular compounds.

Computer design of LED light device for lighting production premises

The article is devoted to the design of an LED lamp intended to replace the traditional lighting device GSP17-1000-002 Grand produced by JSC «Ardatov Lighting Plant» with a 1000 W DRI lamp. The need to replace the basic lighting device is substantiated. The main steps when designing a new lamp are considered. The choice of basic structural lighting materials and elements is substantiated. A comparative analysis of the lighting characteristics for the designed and basic lighting devices showed that the designed LED lamp is an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly analogue of the basic lamp GSP17-700-002 Grand for lighting production premises. Keywords lighting device, lamp, LED, power, luminous flux, luminous efficiency, spectral distribution of radiation

Техніко-економічні передумови доцільності створення в Україні виробництва синтетичного моторного палива

The article formulates the main scenarios for organizing the supply of motor fuel to Ukraine. It is shown that a significant reduction in imports of motor fuel in the post-war period is possible only through the restoration and development of oil production and refining with the simultaneous search for options for organizing the production of synthetic motor fuel from non-oil raw materials. The article compares the technical characteristics of a full-cycle oil refinery and a plant producing synthetic motor fuels from coal. It is shown that in the USA and Western Europe, the depth of oil refining is 90-95 %. In Ukraine, these figures were much lower - only 72.1 %. In addition, the European Union's environmental standards governing the content of harmful substances in exhaust gases from cars and specialized machinery are becoming stricter, which should stimulate the development of oil refining and transport engineering technologies. When synthetic motor fuels are produced, the degree of carbon conversion of the original fossil coal into the target light products is 56.0 %, which is objectively less than the depth of oil refining. Under such conditions, the main advantages of obtaining synthetic motor fuels from coal compared to oil refining for the conditions of our country are: reduction of import dependence of the country's economy; sulphur content in the products obtained meets the requirements of modern European standards; the depth of processing of synthetic products reaches 90 % and more with the use of relatively simple equipment; favorable technological properties of synthetic oil determine its price on the world market by about 30 % higher than the best light oil ‘brent’; the obtaining of a by-products of increased demand (light hydrocarbons, thermal and electrical energy); the possibility of obtaining synthetic base oils. Keywords: fossil coal, motor fuel, synthetic fuel, oil refining, refining depth, Nelson index. Corresponding author: I.V. Shulga, e-mail: ko@ukhin.org.ua

Tunneling induced transparency and slow light in an asymmetric double quantum dot molecule—Metal nanoparticle hybrid

We investigate the optical properties appearing in a nanostructure that is composed of an asymmetric double semiconductor quantum dot (SQD) molecule and a metal nanoparticle (MNP). The profile of the total linear absorption spectrum is proportional to the SQD contribution, while the MNP contribution is important. The profile of the doublet of resonances detected on the total linear absorption spectrum creates a transparency window. The doublet is asymmetric for small SQD-MNP distances and has a narrow peak and a wide peak. The width of the transparency window is increased, either with the enhancement of the rate at which the electron tunneling effect takes place within the double SQD molecule or with the decrease of the distance that separates the SQD molecule from the center of the MNP. The steep slope detected on the linear dispersion spectrum for frequencies laying within the transparency window owes its presence to the tunneling induced transparency and leads to slow light production. The corresponding value of the slow down factor is maximized for low values of the electron tunneling rate as well as for low center-to-center distances between the components of the hybrid nanostructure.

Maximizing light olefin production via one-pot catalytic cracking of crude waste plastic pyrolysis oil

Energy-efficient processes for converting polyolefinic waste plastics into light olefins are critical for mitigating environmental pollution and reducing carbon emissions. In this study, an alternative recycling scheme, the catalytic cracking of crude waste plastic pyrolysis oil (WPPO) over microspherical P-modified steam-treated ZSM-5 (ms-P-HZSM5-S), was demonstrated and compared to a state-of-the-art commercial scheme, the thermal cracking of a hydrotreated naphtha range of WPPO. The C2–C4 olefins yield achieved by the catalytic WPPO cracking (56.6 wt%) exceeded those achieved by the thermal WPPO cracking (36.1 wt%), thermal naphtha cracking (23.1 wt%), and catalytic naphtha cracking (29.7 wt%), which indicated the superiority of WPPO over naphtha as a feedstock. However, during a deactivation test over ms-P-HZSM5-S, coke accumulation resulted in a rapid decline in the yields of ethylene (from 17.2 to 14.6 wt%), propylene (from 25.8 to 23.6 wt%), and benzene, toluene, and xylenes (from 16.1 to 13.4 wt%) after a reaction time of 810 s (temperature = 680 °C, weight hourly space velocity = 16 h−1). Nevertheless, the catalytic performance was fully restored through regeneration in air at 730 °C, which confirmed the viability of continuous operation involving successive reaction–regeneration cycles. These findings can be leveraged to devise a new approach, the catalytic cracking of WPPO integrated with a continuous regeneration (e.g., circulating fluidized bed reactor) system, which could offer several advantages over the commercial strategy, including the posttreatment-free utilization of the entire WPPO range, higher light olefins yields, continuous coke removal, reduced energy consumption, and non-necessity of H2.

Production of Light Naphtha by Flash Distillation of Crude Oil

The escalating global demand for sustainable, renewable energy sources has catalyzed research into advanced refining processes, particularly focusing on the generation of essential raw materials like light naphtha. This paper delves into the production of light naphtha via the flash distillation of crude oil, underlining its critical role in fulfilling the petrochemical industry's requirements. The research delineates the fundamentals of flash distillation, incorporating both physical and mathematical models, with a specific emphasis on Raoult's Law, to demystify the hydrocarbon separation process in crude oil. The mathematical framework encompasses material and energy balances, coupled with the application of liquid-vapor equilibrium equations, thereby shedding light on the thermodynamic principles steering this procedure. The progression of this study involved analyzing the distillation curve of the referenced crude oil and identifying the pseudo-components representative of the involved hydrocarbons. Utilizing the DWSIM commercial simulator, the flash distillation process of Nemba crude oil was simulated, taking into account diverse operational conditions and thermodynamic models. The outcomes were juxtaposed with industrial datasets, demonstrating a significant alignment and affirming the simulation's predictive efficacy. A parametric sensitivity analysis was conducted to refine light naphtha yield, elucidating the effect of variables like the temperature of crude oil feed and naphtha separator feed on the process efficiency. The response surface methodology underscored the feasibility of augmenting naphtha production under certain conditions. Furthermore, this study assessed the impacts of employing two distinct thermodynamic models – the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) and Peng-Robinson (PR) equations of state. This analysis revealed minimal discrepancies in physical parameters, confirming the simulation's robustness and the reliability of both models. The findings of this paper validate the efficacy of flash distillation in light naphtha production, with numerical simulation emerging as a potent tool for enhancing process optimization and predictive analysis. These insights not only contribute to a deeper understanding of environmental sustainability but also offer strategies for maximizing light naphtha production in the oil industry. In conclusion, the results from this investigation significantly advance our comprehension of phase equilibrium profiles and their relationship with the applied thermodynamic state equations, thereby enriching the quality of the results.

Unraveling the complex interactions between structural features and reactivity of iron-based catalysts across various supports in the synthesis of light olefins from syngas

This study provides a systematic examination of the hydrogenation of CO over mixed Fe-Co-K catalysts on SiO2, TiO2, and Al2O3 supports for the production of light olefins. The unsupported FeCo/K catalyst, while demonstrating selectivity towards light olefins, yielded a low space–time yield (STY) for hydrocarbon formation. Additionally, the Fe3O4 phase in the spent catalyst appeared to promote an increased rate of CO2 formation. The SiO2-supported catalyst showed a high dispersion of isolated Fe particles but were less effective in synthesizing light olefins. The interaction of Fe species with TiO2 support was found to be strong, impeding the formation of the active Fe5C2 phase and thus lowering the yield of light olefins. Al2O3 stood out as the most effective support, ensuring an optimal dispersion of the Fe phase with minimal interaction, enabling the Fe to effectively synergize with K. This synergy promoted the formation of the iron carbide Fe5C2 phase, essential for efficient CO hydrogenation to light olefins, and achieved a notable STY of 17.2 mmol gcat−1 h−1 at 360 °C and 20 bar. Long-term stability testing underscored the influence of reaction temperature on light olefins yield, with paraffin wax formation at 300 °C leading to catalyst deactivation through adsorption and accumulation. Conversely, at 360 °C, a distinct carbon layer was observed, forming an extended structure that did not directly cover the catalyst's surface. These findings contribute valuable knowledge for the custom development of catalysts tailored for light olefins production from syngas, offering a promising avenue for future research.

Wet shaking table operating parameters optimization for maximizing metal recovery from incineration bottom ash fine fraction

Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash has emerged as a secondary source of valuable metals, including aluminum and copper. Specifically, the fine fraction, with a particle size less than two millimeters, exhibits average grades of 2.5 g/kg for copper and 10.0 g/kg for elemental aluminum. Gravimetric concentration equipment, such as wet shaking tables, is widely used in the mining and recycling industries to concentrate materials based on density. However, the optimization of these devices typically relies on a trial-and-error approach. This paper presents a statistical model that optimizes the crucial working parameters of the wet shaking table for recovering elemental aluminum in a light product mineral matrix and copper in a high-density product. The statistical analysis highlights that upper values of shaking amplitude are beneficial for both the recovery and grade of copper and aluminum in the obtained products. Conversely, variations in other parameters, such as wash water or desk tilt, yield contrasting effects on grade and recovery. By precisely adjusting the working parameters of the device, the analyses demonstrate that copper enrichment of up to 45 times can be achieved in the product smaller than 500 µm and up to 15 times in the 500–2000 µm product, resulting in the recovery of approximately 65 % of the total copper.

КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ НЕФТЕСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ОТХОДОВ И ПОДБОР МЕТОДОВ ИХ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИКЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ НЕФТЕСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ОТХОДОВ И ПОДБОР МЕТОДОВ ИХ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ

The systematization of the sources of formation of oil-containing waste at the refinery has been carried out. The physicochemical and chemmotological characteristics of oil sludge of various technological nature have been studied. The variants of processing bottom sediments of oil tanks with the production of fuel compositions and light distillate petroleum products are inves-tigated

ПЕРЕРАБОТКА НЕФТЕСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ОТХОДОВ НА УСТАНОВКЕ ЗАМЕДЛЕННОГО КОКСОВАНИЯ

The variants of oil sludge processing at a delayed coking plant in order to obtain light distillate petroleum products are investigated. A simulation of the process was carried out, a scheme for involving oil sludge in the installation was proposed

Comparative genomics of symbiotic Photobacterium using highly contiguous genome assemblies from long read sequences.

This study presents the assembly and comparative genomic analysis of luminous Photobacterium strains isolated from the light organs of 12 fish species using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing. The majority of assemblies achieved chromosome-level continuity, consisting of one large (>3 Mbp) and one small (~1.5 Mbp) contig, with near complete BUSCO scores along with varying plasmid sequences. Leveraging this dataset, this study significantly expanded the available genomes for P. leiognathi and its subspecies P. 'mandapamensis', enabling a comparative genomic analysis between the two lineages. An analysis of the large and small chromosomes unveiled distinct patterns of core and accessory genes, with a larger fraction of the core genes residing on the large chromosome, supporting the hypothesis of secondary chromosome evolution from megaplasmids in Vibrionaceae. In addition, we discovered a proposed new species, Photobacterium acropomis sp. nov., isolated from an acropomatid host, with an average nucleotide identify (ANI) of 93 % compared to the P. leiognathi and P. 'mandapamensis' strains. A comparison of the P. leiognathi and P. 'mandapamensis' lineages revealed minimal differences in gene content, yet highlighted the former's larger genome size and potential for horizontal gene transfer. An investigation of the lux-rib operon, responsible for light production, indicated congruence between the presence of luxF and host family, challenging its role in differentiating P. 'mandapamensis' from P. leiognathi. Further insights were derived from the identification of metabolic differences, such as the presence of the NADH:quinone oxidoreductase respiratory complex I in P. leiognathi as well as variations in the type II secretion system (T2S) genes between the lineages, potentially impacting protein secretion and symbiosis. In summary, this study advances our understanding of Photobacterium genome evolution, highlighting subtle differences between closely related lineages, specifically P. leiognathi and P. 'mandapamensis'. These findings highlight the benefit of long read sequencing for bacterial genome assembly and pangenome analysis and provide a foundation for exploring early bacterial speciation processes of these facultative light organ symbionts.

UV- shielding and antioxidant properties of chitosan film impregnated with Acacia catechu modified with calcium carbonate for food packaging

Acacia catechu contains polyphenolic compounds such as catechin and tannins, which exhibit antioxidant and antimicrobial properties that have the potential to be used in food packaging applications. In this study, chitosan-based (CH) antioxidant films were developed with the incorporation of calcium carbonate (CC) and Acacia catechu (CT). The films were fabricated by the solvent-casting method, and the effects of the different concentrations of Acacia catechu were analyzed. The physicomechanical, antioxidant, and UV shielding properties of the films were determined. The addition of Acacia catechu and calcium carbonate has significantly increased the tensile from 2.30 MPa to 4.95 MPa, respectively, for neat CH and CH/CC/CT-4 film. At the same time, there is a reduction in the elongation at break from 26.75 % in neat CH film to 12.11 % in CH/CC/CT-4 film. The CH/CC/CT-4 film has shown the highest ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of 0.440 mg Trolox/g dried weight of the film and 2,2 diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity of 93.05 %. The UV transmittance of CH/CC/CT-4 film was 0.46 %, the lowest compared to the rest of the fabricated films. These active properties depict that CH/CC/CT-4 film has the potential to be utilized for the packaging of light and oxygen-sensitive food products.

Catalytic pyrolysis of straight-run light oil to light olefins: Role of molecular structure and catalytic materials

The development of straight-run light oil catalytic pyrolysis to light olefins process is an important approach of achieving the transformation and upgrading of the current oil refining industry. However, the industrialization of the catalytic pyrolysis process for straight-run light oil has been slow. Herein, we investigated the decomposition of complex straight-run light oil into different structural units and further examined their effects on light olefins production. The results indicated that the yields of light olefins cracked over MFI zeolite were about 45 % and 30 % for alkane structure and cycloalkane ring structure, respectively. Further analysis showed that the olefin structure could theoretically be cracked to 100 % light olefins, but in fact, 40 % of the light olefins were lost due to the transfer of 10 % hydrogen. Subsequently, the effects of zeolite topology and acid properties on the cracking of different structural units were further analyzed. It was found that zeolites with MTT and MFI topologies contributed to the catalytic pyrolysis of chain and cycloalkane ring structures, respectively, because appropriate pore size helped diffusion of hydrocarbon molecules and inhibited side reactions such as hydrogen transfer. Compared with MFI zeolite, the light olefins yield produced by chain structure cracking over MTT zeolite increased by 5.83 %-10.54 %. In addition, it was discovered that zeolites with total and strong acids in the range of 0.2–0.4 mmol/g and 0.1–0.2 mmol/g, respectively, were beneficial for the cracking of light alkanes in straight-run light oils to light olefins. This work provides useful insights into the fundamental understanding and development of straight-run light oil catalytic pyrolysis to light olefins process.

The fate of bromine during microwave-assisted pyrolysis of waste printed circuit boards

Bromine control is imperative for efficient treatment and products utilization during pyrolysis of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). This study investigated Br-species in products from microwave-assisted auger pyrolysis of WPCBs, and discussed synergetic evolution mechanisms, release kinetics and thermodynamics of Br-containing pollutants with different kinds of mineral species (alkaline earth, alkali, and transition metals). Results indicated that heavy Br-containing volatiles release (e.g., brominated phenols) was dominated at 320–520 °C. Brominated phenols released Br* to react with small-molecule groups to form light Br-containing products (e.g., HBr, CH3Br, and CH3CH2Br) at >520 °C. K2CO3 efficiently suppressed Br-containing pollutants emissions (∼50% reduction) and promoted bromine fixation in char (∼33.49% increase). With K2CO3 addition, bromine evolution mechanism is largely dehydrobromination and neutralization reactions when bromine bonds with aliphatic carbon with an adjacent aliphatic hydrogen. Negatively charged oxygen of K2CO3 attacks bromine and causes C-Br scission when bromine bonds with CH3* or aromatic carbon. The chemical reaction models (CRM3–CRM5) are best fitted with bromine evolution and the activation energy of WPCBs-KC reached the lowest (149.83–192.19 kJ/mol). Furthermore, bromine control strategy in WPCBs pyrolysis products toward environmental and economic sustainability were suggested, which created less environmental impact and maximum resource recovery.