Lifting Mechanism Research Articles

Solid–liquid separation state control system for shale shaker based on computer vision

Shale shakers are crucial in drilling operations, separating solid–liquid mixtures, protecting equipment, improving efficiency, and supporting environmental protection and resource recovery. Typically, the solid–liquid separation status on shaker screens is assessed through manual inspection and experiential judgment, with the screen tilt angle adjusted manually. This method has inherent delays, failing to promptly detect and address screen surface abnormalities. To overcome this, a computer vision-driven intelligent control system has been proposed, enhancing drilling sieving operations’ efficiency. The system uses computer vision and servo motors to monitor and adjust the sieving state. Twin industrial cameras capture images, which undergo preprocessing like perspective correction, grayscale conversion, noise reduction, and illumination equalization. Local threshold segmentation and morphological analysis distinguish between liquid and solid states. The segmented images’ contours and area analysis precisely determine the separation state. Results are transmitted to motors via an industrial computer to adjust the sieve net angle. Servo motors on both sides manipulate the sliding block lifting mechanism for precise tilt adjustment. Experiments demonstrate that the method achieves an average accuracy of 93.635% in identifying mud edges. The system’s high efficiency and reliability ensure accurate identification and adjustment of the solid–liquid separation state, thereby optimizing drilling sieving workflows.

The new constructive design of the planetary gearbox winches

Although the constructions of planetary reducers are complex, their technical indicators are higher than other gear boxes, and their overall dimensions are smaller. In this article, the constructions of planetary gearboxes were investigated, and an in-depth literature analysis was conducted on their modernization. Application of these gearboxes with high technical indicators and compact dimensions in lifting mechanisms would be suitable for the purpose. Thus, small overall size, large efficiency, and high reliability are the main requirements for winches, and planetary gearboxes can also provide these features. But for some reason, traditionally, geared elevator winches are mainly made with worm gearboxes. This is mainly due to the fact that they provide a high gear ratio in single stage and self-braking. But the efficiency of worm gear box is small, and the friction losses are larger. Therefore, it is time and necessity to replace them with other progressive designed gearboxes in the lifing winches. Taking these into account, in the article, as a result of structural and kinematic analysis and synthesis of planetary gearboxes, new constructions were developed and structural schemes were proposed for their application in the lifting mechanisms. For each of these schemes, the transmission ratio and efficiency were evaluated and compared with each other. The proposed schemes can be applied in the different types of lifting winches. The application fields of winches are different. Winches are more commonly used in drilling equipment and elevators. Winches are the main units of these equipments. Winches and their braking systems must meet operational requirements and operating conditions. Their strength and traction must be sufficient to perform the most demanding technological operations. Lifting and lowering speeds should ensure accident-free operations, be economically efficient and highly productive.

Research on Development of Nursing Bed Lifting Mechanism Technology

Nursing beds can be widely used in medical institutions and households to provide medical care for patients or disabled individuals. With the increasing demand for nursing, nursing beds are developing towards intelligence and comfort. In this study, the backrest lifting mechanism of nursing beds is selected as the research object. The standards for backrest angle adjustment and the basis for comfort judgment are reviewed, and the research on various adjustment configurations are sorted in order to provide assistance to relevant research institutions in understanding current technologies and assist users in making choices.

Design and Experimental Study of Banana Bunch Transportation Device with Lifting Mechanism and Automatic Bottom-Fixing Fruit Shaft

In addressing the challenges of high labor intensity, cost, and potential mechanical damage to banana fruit in orchards, this study presents the design of a banana bunch transport device featuring a lifting mechanism and an automatic fruit shaft bottom-fixing system. The device is tailored to the planting and morphological characteristics of banana bunches, aiming for efficient, low-loss, and labor-saving mechanized transport. Key design considerations included the anti-overturning mechanism and the lifting system based on transportation conditions and the physical dimensions of banana bunches. A dynamic simulation was conducted to analyze the angular velocity and acceleration during the initial conveying stages, forming the basis for the fruit shaft bottom-fixation mechanism. A novel horizontal multi-point scanning method was developed to accurately identify and secure the fruit shaft bottom, complemented by an automated control system. Experimental results showed a 95.83% success rate in identification and fixation, validated by field trials that confirmed the necessity and stability of the fixation mechanism. To enhance the durability of the fruit shaft bottom-fixation mechanism, a multi-factor test was conducted, optimizing the device’s maximum travel speed and minimizing the banana bunch’s oscillation angle. Field tests showed an oscillation angle of 8.961°, closely matching the simulated result of 9.526°, demonstrating the reliability of the response surface analysis model. This study offers a practical and efficient solution for banana bunch transport in orchards, showcasing significant practical value and potential for wider adoption.

Исследование математической модели объемного гидропривода с релейным управлением применительно к грузовой лебедке крана

The known variants of volumetric hydraulic drives of lifting and technological mechanisms are considered and analyzed. The areas of application of pumping and accumulator hydraulic drives, with various types of regulation, and options for their implementation as drives of a cargo winch of a bridge crane are considered. It is shown that the operation of the volumetric hydraulic drives of the cargo winch, along with volumetric and throttle control, can be performed by a relay method. It is noted that the cyclical operation of lifting mechanisms during lifting and lowering of cargo allows for mechanical and hydraulic energy recovery within the working cycle, which is a promising way to significantly increase the efficiency of their work. The analysis of the existing designs of hydraulic drives of technological machines, allowing to recover the potential energy of working bodies with cargo, is carried out. It is proposed as an alternative to the known hydraulic drives of the cargo winch of the bridge crane, a hydraulic drive with relay control. The efficiency of such a drive is shown, according to the indicators of the nominal pressure utilization coefficient and the energy intensity of the working fluid, in the case of the implementation of mechanical and hydraulic energy recovery in the working cycle in it. The mechanical and hydraulic circuits of such a drive are examined. An algorithm of mathematical model of its operation with consideration of different phases of cargo movement is proposed and its investigation is carried out. The possibility of fulfilling the safety conditions of operation of a hydraulic drive with relay control, in terms of ensuring the requirements for the uniformity of cargo movement, is analyzed.

Учет динамических нагрузок при проектировании металлоконструкций портальных кранов

The design calculation of crane metal structures is usually performed according to load combinations, for which the dynamic coefficients are strictly defined in the regulatory documentation. In fact, these coefficients depend on the departure and the length of the suspension of the load, they are different when lifting loads of different weights. A review of the literature has revealed a clear gap in the studies of the dynamics of gantry cranes, which are characterized by a change in the characteristics of their design even during one cycle of their operation. In this paper, to study the influence of the parameters of the gantry crane system on the magnitude of the dynamism coefficients, a dynamic model consisting of the mass of the crane’s metal structure brought to the point of suspension of the load and the weight of the load is applied. The weight of the rope, the elasticity of the lifting mechanism, and the damping of vibrations are not taken into account, and the characteristic of the drive is considered absolutely rigid. A method for determining the parameters of a dynamic model such as structural rigidity, its reduced masses is presented, and the results of calculating the dynamism coefficients for the metal structure of a crane and a rope suspension under various parameters and operating modes are presented. Calculations for a gantry crane with a lifting capacity of 10 tons have shown that with small departures, the dynamic load coefficient in the rope is always less than for a metal structure, while its value is maximum. For large departures, the values of the dynamics coefficients are close to those accepted for calculations according to regulatory documents. These circumstances should be taken into account both in the static calculation of portal cranes and in the calculation of their elements for durability, which will increase their reliability in determining the loading of metal structures.

Design and Experiment of Nighttime Greenhouse Tomato Harvesting Robot

In response to the issue of high tomato yield, low efficiency in harvesting tomatoes grown in greenhouses, and low recognition accuracy of nighttime harvesting robots, a design was developed and a robotic system was created specifically for nighttime greenhouse tomato harvesting. The robot employs a vision system and YOLOv5+HSV fusion algorithm to recognize and locate tomatoes. It then transmits this information to the robotic arm. By coordinating the visual system, the robotic arm, the end effector, and the lifting mechanism, the robot accurately picks ripe tomatoes. The robot was subjected to simulated field tests for visual recognition and harvesting, both during daytime and nighttime conditions. The results showed that the success rate of nighttime harvesting was slightly lower than during the daytime but remained at a relatively high level. The daytime harvesting success rate and the average time to pick a single fruit were 87.78% and 15.99 seconds, respectively. The nighttime harvesting success rate and the average time to pick a single fruit were 87.55% and 17.26 seconds, respectively. This approach effectively improves the recognition accuracy and harvesting speed of the harvesting robot, reducing damage to tomatoes during harvesting, and addresses the issues of supplementary lighting and image noise reduction for nighttime harvesting robots.

Analysis of structures and movement parametres of self-climbing platforms and development prospects

Introduction. For high-rise building construction self-climbing platforms based on hydraulic drive are used, lifting the formwork for monolithic structures. These lifting mechanisms differ in structures, characteristics and parameters. There is a need to introduce high-tech equipment in the industry. To create self-climbing platforms for high-rise construction, it is necessary to conduct research in the field of operation of lifting vehicles.Materials and methods. Platforms based on climbing profile for the analysis were used. The design features of the specified type of platforms were considered. The main parameters were speed of lifting, maximum lifting height and load capacity.Results. Graphical data on the main structural elements and the lifting process were obtained the specified type of platforms. Graphical data on hydraulic system is provided and the mechanism of movement is considered in detail. The basic formulas for determining the platform lifting speed and maximum load capacity required for the choosing of specified lifting vehicles.Discussion and conclusion. Existence of factors affecting the lifting speed of platforms and their maximum load capacity provides grounds for the development of a method for calculating and designing the considered transport and technological equipment in Russian Federation. One of the ways to develop this lifting equipment is integration of accessory mechanisms into their structure for fulfilling additional works during the construction of high-rise buildings, in this way forming a single transport and technological complex.

Design and Analysis of Lifting Carriage of 4T Overhead Stacker Crane

The Overhead Stacker Crane is a hybrid device that combines the features and constructions of "Industrial Forklifts" and "Electric Overhead Cranes." Stacker cranes are equipment with varied levels of automation that are used to store materials. They travel along the aisles of the operating areas, where they enter, position, or extract the material. This type of crane is widely used in assembly shops, production stores, warehouses, etc. Each application needs customizing. The lifting carriage of different overhead stacker crane design is studied in this study. The new design has two advantages: the lifting carriage is bracketed to the mast of the overhead stacker, and the new lifting mechanism is more compact. The most common structure configurations are single-mast and twin-mast constructions. Single-mast structures are used for investigation in our research. A live example has been chosen, and several design engineering stages have been implemented, with the goal of achieving compliance with safety-related standards as well as possible enhancements for future consideration. All the concerned parts have been 3D modelled, analyzed using classical means as well as advanced means of FEA. The goal of using design engineering concepts is to provide a verified design with documentation that can be manufactured with or without indicated improvements. Static analysis of identified parts is performed using both hand calculation and the FEA approach.

Design of Floating Installation Vessel for Offshore Installation of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

The installation of the present wind farms Hywind Scotland and Hywind Tampen are both carried out by towing the fully assembled wind turbine from the assembly site in the Norwegian fjords to the final offshore site. In the present study an alternative installation method is proposed where the fully assembled tower is transported to the site on the installation vessel and mounted onto the preinstalled floating substructure (a spar buoy). The paper presents a brief outline of the design process for the proposed concept and gives an overview of the work done to evaluate variations of the installation vessel and the proposed lifting mechanism. The paper is a summary of the results obtained by a project team in SFI MOVE addressing marine operations related to installation of floating offshore wind turbines.

The design of the insulation layer and energy consumption optimization of the injection mould for the motor commutator

The injection molding of the motor commutator requires a long-term high-temperature operation, which poses a problem of high energy consumption. The heating zone is located behind the mold, and there is thermal radiation and convection during heating, resulting in uneven temperature distribution. To solve the above problems, an automatic lifting and insulation mechanism is proposed. An insulation frame is built with an aerogel insulation layer inside. It is connected up to the upper table of the machine, moving up and down during processing, and connected down to the crank slider mechanism. Simulation software analyzes its insulation and temperature distribution and, through experimental verification, compares the temperature distribution and energy consumption of injection molds before and after the installation of insulation mechanisms. The experimental and simulation results show that using the automatic lifting insulation layer design scheme can effectively reduce energy consumption, improve temperature distribution unevenness, and increase the yield rate.

Simulation study on hydraulic lifting mechanism of lift-sliding mechanical parking system

A mechanical parking system is an important parking equipment that can improve the utilization rate of urban space. In China, the lift-sliding mechanical parking system is the most widely used. Among many types of drives, the hydraulic pump-hydraulic cylinder type has advantages such as convenient system integration and expansion, energy saving, etc. The system is prone to vibration and pressure shock during operation. This paper focuses on the causes of vibration and hydraulic impact, constructs a simulation model, and analyzes the causes of vibration and hydraulic impact through simulation results, guiding equipment optimization.

A Review Paper on Paint Spraying Robot

Abstract: Painting interior walls is a frequent construction task that takes a lot of time and work. Robotic painting was introduced to replace human manual activity, improving accuracy, efficiency, and lowering costs. In this study, We present an independent robot that paints walls. robot that uses a cascade lift mechanism to enable it to use a paint sprayer to paint a room's interior walls. The paint sprayer can reach the necessary heights With the assistance of of this mechanism for cascading lifts mechanism. With two degrees of freedom (DOF), The robot moves fluidly in each of the six directions. thanks to the DC powered mecanum wheels mounted down to its foundation. Ultrasonic sensors are used by the robot to measure distance, make adjustments to the walls, and determine if the mister has reached the wall's summit. The robot's mecanum wheels, ultrasonic sensors, and other components are all managed by the master controller. The AC power supply powers the entire system Color is sprayed on to manage the amount of color; sprayers are employed for this purpose. Sprayers need to split liquid into droplets that are the right size, distribute them evenly across the surface, and manage the volume of liquid to prevent overapplication. One major issue thataffects workers everywhere is disease control

СИСТЕМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ МЕХАНИЗМОМ ПОДЪЕМА КОВША ШАГАЮЩЕГО ЭКСКАВАТОРА

The control system of the bucket lifting mechanism of a walking excavator is considered, which al-lows to increase the speed of the electric drive

The concept of women's entrepreneurship as a mechanism of social lift

The work is relevant as it is aimed at a comprehensive disclosure of the female entrepreneurship potential and substantiation of its importance for the development of society, achieving gender equality, as well as creating favorable conditions for the economic growth and female social mobility. The author analyzes current trends in the field feminine entrepreneurship and its impact on economic development. It is noted that opportunities for women's business are expanding, and entrepreneurship is becoming an effective social elevator for women. The key goal of the article is to substantiate the concept of female entrepreneurship as an effective mechanism of social mobility and achievement of gender equality.Objectives: to analyze female entrepreneurship as a means of expanding women's rights and opportunities, increasing their social status and overcoming gender barriers; based on statistics and facts, to demonstrate the strengthening of the position of women's business in Russia and the world; to substantiate the potential of female entrepreneurship in solving social problems and promoting progressive changes. The paper uses methods of comparative analysis, generalization, secondary analysis of research results conducted by specialists in the development of female entrepreneurship. Particular attention is paid to the role of women entrepreneurs in politics and their ability to influence decision-making. It is noted that opportunities for women's business are expanding, and entrepreneurship is becoming an effective social elevator for women.Conclusions are drawn about the importance of developing female entrepreneurship as a tool for progressive transformations and achieving gender equality in society, and the need for a purposeful state policy to stimulate and support female entrepreneurship.

Von Mises stress analysis of surgery chair designed for laparoscopic surgeon with lifting mechanism

Laparoscopic surgeons can experience musculoskeletal disorders due to standing for long periods during surgical procedures. Surgery chair can help laparoscopic surgeons in overcoming these problems so that they carry out surgical procedures in a sitting position. However, the surgery chairs currently on the market use a hand-controlled pedal for the lifting mechanism, which is an obstacle for laparoscopic surgeons because it interferes with the concentration of the hands in using surgical tools. This study contributes to the development of the latest design of a surgery chair designed for Indonesian laparoscopic surgeons with a foot-controlled pedal so that it does not interfere with the concentration of the laparoscopic surgeon in using surgical tools to carry out surgical procedures. The lifting mechanism of the proposed surgery chair uses a worm gear with the rationalization of the rotation lock, space efficiency, and minimizes sound when lifting mechanism. Computational simulations via the finite element method were carried out on the mechanical components of the current surgery chair to analyze the von Mises stress under the down, middle, and top lifting mechanism conditions. The von Mises stress results show that the proposed surgery chair design is safe. This achievement is expected to be an initiation for the development of a better surgery chair in the future.

Фундаментальний аналіз та оптимізація (мінімізація) динамічних навантажень у пружних елементах механізмів підйому вантажу кранів. Частина І

The fundamental analysis and optimization (minimization) of dynamic loads in elastic elements (ropes) of load lifting mechanisms of cranes used in urban development is carried out. The basis of the analysis and methodology of optimization of motion modes of the mentioned mechanisms is the approach implemented in the classical calculus of variations, namely: the integral functional is minimized, which reflects undesirable properties of the mechanical system. Optimized modes of motion of the crane load lifting mechanism, which is represented in the paper by a mechanical system with a linear function of the position of its elements (the load on the rope and the drive mechanism). The significant influence of motion modes of exactly drive mechanisms on dynamic loads in elastic elements (ropes) of the load lifting mechanism of a city-building crane is shown. Usually separate typical modes of motion optimize only one certain property of the specified mechanism. In many practical cases, it is necessary to select modes of motion that optimize a set of properties of a machine or mechanism (respectively, a crane or a load lifting mechanism of a city-building crane). It is for the selection of such modes of motion of machines and mechanisms that dynamic criteria for their evaluation are needed. All existing criteria for evaluating machines and mechanisms can be conditionally divided into two classes: 1) positional (maximum values of kinematic characteristics of links, dynamic loads, amplitudes and frequencies of oscillations, dynamics coefficients, etc.); 2) integral (rms values of kinematic characteristics of links and dynamic loads, energy costs, etc.). In the work the fundamental analysis of the mentioned criteria is carried out and it is shown that for estimation of motion modes of hoisting machines, as well as mechanisms of cargo lifting cranes (boom, bridge, gantry, city cranes) it is necessary to use integral criteria, because they are the ones that estimate motion during the whole cycle. Integral criteria for evaluating urban construction cranes and load lifting mechanisms are presented, which fully reflect their dynamic properties, motion characteristics and, in particular, minimize dynamic loads on elastic elements (ropes). The results obtained in this study can be further used to clarify and improve the existing engineering methods of calculation of hoisting cranes used in urban planning, as well as their load lifting mechanisms, both at the design stages and in the modes of proper operation.

Фундаментальний аналіз та оптимізація (мінімізація) динамічних навантажень у пружних елементах механізмів підйому вантажу кранів. Частина ІІ

A scientifically substantiated methodology of optimization of motion modes of machines and mechanisms (in particular, city-building cranes) based on minimization of integral functionals, which reflect undesirable properties of mechanical systems, and terminal (initial/final) conditions of motion of the mechanism of lifting cargoes by cranes have a physical meaning and are based on Newton's laws of mechanics, is proposed. The modes of motion of specific mechanical systems with a linear function of the position of elements are optimized on the example of mechanisms of load-lifting city-building cranes. It is shown that the influence of motion modes of drive mechanisms on dynamic loads in elastic elements of the mechanism of lifting mechanism of a city-building crane (ropes) is essential. The parameters of such modes of functioning/movement of such systems, at which exactly dynamic stresses of ropes at the stages of start-up of mechanisms of lifting mechanism of cranes are minimized, are determined. The results obtained in the work can further serve to clarify and improve the existing engineering methods of calculation of load lifting mechanisms of urban cranes in order to minimize the dynamic stresses of their rope systems at the start-up stage, as well as to prevent the occurrence of possible emergency situations. Such an approach can be realized both at the stages of design of the mentioned mechanisms and in the modes of proper operation.

Синтез механизма привода ремиз

Introduction. Domestic enterprises in various industries use a variety of process equipment, including weaving machines. Modern weaving machines have several unique features, including a close relationship between technical condition, productivity, and product quality. Weaving machines are widely used in the textile industry in Russia and other countries. To produce cotton, silk, wool, linen, and other types of fabrics, appropriate machines are designed, including shuttle, shuttleless, pneumatic, and hydraulic machines. One of the most crucial parts of the machine is the heddle lifting mechanism, which determines the weave pattern and the quality of the fabric produced. The purpose of the work is to reduce the dimensions of the loom by changing the design parameters of the heddle lifting mechanism. The research methods are based on the theory of machines and mechanisms. They enable the development of a method for synthesizing the heddle lifting mechanism and designing a device with reduced dimensions. The paper presents the synthesis and analysis of the Assur group algorithm, which can determine the kinematic characteristics of the mechanism. Results and discussion. Following the proposed methodology, the mechanism design was modified by removing the fixing device from the lever mechanism operating area. This allowed for a reduction in interaxial distances and a change in the kinematic scheme. As a result of the new position of the fixed axes, some levers, the connecting rod, and the angle of the double-arm lever were also altered. The synthesis of the mechanism is proposed to begin with the last Assur group, setting it a specific value for the G-point motion equal to 75 mm. (motion of the fourth heddle shaft). As a limitation, the equality of arcs (chords) E´E = F´F ` was accepted. By assigning these values to the input element for the second-class first-type Assur group and bearing in mind the accepted conditions, the motions for point D were obtained. Thus, the value of the swing angle  of the roller shaft equal to 22.46° was obtained, which is 27.44 mm along the chord. Applying the interpolation principle, we found the initial motion value of 28 mm. Since the loom is planned to produce interlacing fabric patterns using 10 heddles, the design provides for a variable parameter that allows changing the motion of the heddles depending on their location in the depth of the machine. This role was assigned to the lever B03D. A cam pair synthesis was performed after determining the maximum and minimum values of the center of the roller motion. In total, 5 types of laws of motion were considered: straight-line, harmonic, double harmonic, power-law, cycloidal ones. For the center of the roller, the cycloidal law of motion was selected since it better corresponds to the specified conditions. The synthesis's accuracy was confirmed by the constructed cam profile and conducted kinematic studies for the Assur groups.

Non-symmetric Pauli spin blockade in a silicon double quantum dot

Spin qubits in gate-defined silicon quantum dots are receiving increased attention thanks to their potential for large-scale quantum computing. Readout of such spin qubits is done most accurately and scalably via Pauli spin blockade (PSB), however, various mechanisms may lift PSB and complicate readout. In this work, we present an experimental study of PSB in a multi-electron low-symmetry double quantum dot (DQD) in silicon nanowires. We report on the observation of non-symmetric PSB, manifesting as blockaded tunneling when the spin is projected to one QD of the pair but as allowed tunneling when the projection is done into the other. By analyzing the interaction of the DQD with a readout resonator, we find that PSB lifting is caused by a large coupling between the different electron spin manifolds of 7.90 μeV and that tunneling is incoherent. Further, magnetospectroscopy of the DQD in 16 charge configurations, enables reconstructing the energy spectrum of the DQD and reveals the lifting mechanism is energy-level selective. Our results indicate enhanced spin-orbit coupling which may enable all-electrical qubit control of electron spins in silicon nanowires.