Lifetime Of Ad-hoc Networks Research Articles

A Cluster-Driven Energy Routing Protocol for Optimal Network Lifetime in Ad Hoc Networks

Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a group of networked mobile devices working in a cooperative manner. Due to usage, these devices quickly run out of battery power in critical situations and consequently fail in packet transmission. Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems (PEGASIS) and Dynamic State algorithm are two research works with unique energy efficiency concepts that, if harmonized and refined, will deliver a better optimized energy-efficient routing protocol for MANETs. This study, therefore, proposes PEGADyn – a hybrid version of PEGASIS and Dynamic State algorithm for a new energy-efficient routing protocol in ad hoc networks. PEGADyn creates a virtual grid classification of nodes based on current location, followed by a cluster formation of nodes in each virtual grid created. In each cluster and virtual grid formed, cluster heads (CHs) and designated cluster heads (dCH) are selected based on their energy levels. CHs and dCHs are used for communication between clusters and virtual grids. The use of CHs and dCHs limits communication overheads among nodes, reducing the energy expended and increasing the network lifetime. A simulation comparison of PEGADyn with PEGASIS and Dynamic State shows PEGADyn to be better in extending network lifetime and maintaining network throughput.

Estimated new Routing Scheme in MANETs

High probability of disappointment in Ad-Hoc networks due to energy-tired nodes is one of the main limitations. If some nodes expire early due to lack of energy, they cannot transfer the data with each other. Therefore, excessive consumption of nodes energy should be prevented. Energy conservation of a Network is a major design issue since mobile devices are often embarrassed by the battery. After suitable election of one active node among several nodes an enormous amount of energy can be saved in any local networks. This paper aims energy conservation through hexagonal GAF grid structures with the help of most popular Location-Aided Routing (LAR) scheme. This scheme uses the location of mobile node through GPS technique to improve the performance matrices such as energy saving, routing overhead and network life time in Ad-Hoc Networks.

Increasing the Lifetime of Ad Hoc Networks Using Hierarchical Cluster-based Power Management

One inevitable problem in Ad Hoc networks is the limited battery capacity, which explains why portable devices might shut down suddenly when the power of hardware is depleted. Hence, how to decrease the power consumption is an important issue in ad hoc networks. With the development of wireless technology, mobile devices can transmit voices, surf the Internet, download entertaining stuffs, and even support some P2P applications, like sharing real-time streaming. In order to keep the quality stable, the transmission must be continuous and it is thus necessary to select some managers to coordinate all nodes in a P2P community. In addition to assigning jobs to the staffs (children) when needed, these managers (ancestors) are able to reappoint jobs in advance when employees retire. This paper proposed a mechanism called Cluster-based Power Management (CPM) to stabilize the transmissions and increase Time to Live (TTL) of mobile hosts. In our new proposed method, we establish the clusters according to every node’s joining order and capability, and adjust their sleep time dynamically through three different mathematical models. Our simulation results reveal that this proposed scheme not only reduces the power consumption efficiently, but also increases the total TTLs evidently.