Extreme Sports Research Articles

ANALISIS TEKNIK TOP ROPE PADA OLAHRAGA EXTREME PANJAT TEBING BAGI MAHASISWA PECINTA ALAM UNIVERSITAS DEHASEN BENGKULU

The problem in this study is that the level of rock climbing ability in the Top Rope category of students who are nature lovers at the University of Dehasen Bengkulu has not known. This study aims to determine the level of rock climbing ability in the Top Rope category for nature lovers at Dehasen University Bengkulu in the 2022/2023 period. The aim of this research is to find out the top rope technique in the extreme sport of rock climbing among students who love nature at MAPALA UNIVED Bengkulu. This research is quantitative descriptive. The population in this study were 55 Nature-loving Students at Dehasen University Bengkulu with a sample of 10 people who took the rock climbing division at Dehasen University Bengkulu Nature-loving Students. Data collection was carried out by tests and direct observation. Data analysis was carried out using the Rock Climbing Ability Assessment Norms for the category of wall climbing speed scores according to Jim. The results of this study showed that the level of rock climbing ability in the top rope category of Dehasen University Bengkulu students who took the rock climbing ability test in the top rope category was in the "good" category, which was 30%.

Telemedicine in Sports under Extreme Conditions: Data Transmission, Remote Medical Consultations, and Diagnostic Imaging.

Telemedical technologies provide significant benefits in sports for performance monitoring and early recognition of many medical issues, especially when sports are practised outside a regulated playing field, where participants are exposed to rapidly changing environmental conditions or specialised medical assistance is unavailable. We provide a review of the medical literature on the use of telemedicine in adventure and extreme sports. Out of 2715 unique sport citations from 4 scientific databases 16 papers met the criteria, which included all research papers exploring the use of telemedicine for monitoring performance and health status in extreme environments. Their quality was assessed by a double-anonymised review with a specifically designed four-item scoring system. Telemedicine was used in high-mountain sports (37.5%; n = 6), winter sports (18.7%; n = 3), water sports (25%; n = 4), and long-distance land sports (18.7%; n = 3). Telemedicine was used for data transfer, teleconsulting, and the execution of remote-controlled procedures, including imaging diagnostics. Telemedical technologies were also used to diagnose and treat sport-related and environmentally impacted injuries, including emergencies in three extreme conditions: high mountains, ultraendurance activities, and in/under the water. By highlighting sport-specific movement patterns or physiological and pathological responses in extreme climatic conditions and environments, telemedicine may result in better preparation and development of strategies for an in-depth understanding of the stress of the metabolic, cardiorespiratory, biomechanical, or neuromuscular system, potentially resulting in performance improvement and injury prevention.

Self-affirmation in sled dogs? Affordances, perceptual agency, and extreme sport

ABSTRACT We argue that extreme endurance sport can be valuable for some nonhuman animals. To make the case, we focus specifically on dogsled racing. We argue that, given certain views about the nature of self-affirmation, perceptual agency, and affordances, sled dogs are capable of realizing significant value through extreme endurance running. Because our focus is on the axiological question of the nature of the value of the sport for its participants, we do not claim that extreme dogsledding is ethical; indeed, we acknowledge the morally objectionable aspects of the practice in its current form. Still, we offer our argument as a critical step in providing an adequate moral justification for a reformed model of dogsled racing. If it is permissible, that is likely because it offers some significant benefits to sled dogs. Given some assumptions about sled dogs’ capacity to be guided by both internal and external affordances, those benefits include self-affirmation.

No limits forever! Understanding the lifecycle of trend and adventure sports in the context of individualization, eventization and mediatization

ABSTRACT Research question Recently, innovative new trend and adventure sports like Tough Mudder or adventure races have benefitted from a steady increase in popularity, participation and media attention, leading to spill-over effects of multiple, repeat or even copy-cat events (Antchak et al., 2021, Understanding the core elements of event portfolio strategy: lessons from Auckland and Dunedin. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(7), 2447–2464. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-09-2020-1022 ; Parent & Ruetsch, 2020, Managing Major Sports Events. Theory and Practice. Routledge; Raj et al., 2017, Events Management. Principles and Practice. SAGE; Yeoman et al., 2014, The Future of Events & Festivals. Routledge). How does this occur? This paper provides an answer to this question, explaining how these developments are fueled by the individualization and pluralization of lifestyles and accelerated by mediatization and eventization? Conceptual approach Selected trend sport cases are analyzed in order to gain insight and understanding about the hype surrounding these competitive, event-oriented, close-to-nature races that are inclusive, and overwhelmingly appealing to almost everyone. Based on existing literature, the paper presents a conceptual framework which can be used for further research. Discussion The high degree of inclusivity observed in these sports is made possible by the advancement of digital technologies and intensified by the metaprocesses of mediatization and eventization, reflecting the tendency of post-modern societies to stage everything. As athletes, participants, spectators and general public engage with these activities and share their experiences online, it gives rise to further interesting opportunities to join in and participate. Implications This conceptual paper presents a theoretical framework enabling practitioners to better understand the driving forces of mediatization and eventization for the development of trend and adventure sports, and their potential for tourism development and strategic destination management. The article concludes with the formulation of research questions and possible directions for future research.

Evaluasi Kondisi Fisik Dominan Pada Atlet Motocross Kota Banda Aceh

Motocross is a form of sport that combines the content of a racer with the automotive field or more precisely the engine. This sport is included in the category of extreme sports that require excellent physical condition and a good mentality. In Banda Aceh City there is a Racing Forum whose training ground is located under the Lamnyong bridge, the forum has a Motocross Team. To obtain maximum performance, the physical conditions are very influential so excellent physical conditions are needed. This study aims to determine the dominant physical conditions of motocross athletes in Banda Aceh. A quantitative descriptive approach is used to understand the research data. The population in the study involved Motocross Athletes in Banda Aceh City while the sample used was 6 people with the Total Sampling technique. Data analysis in this study used the calculation of the average value and the calculation of the proportion value. The data collection process is carried out through the tests given. The conclusion from this study is that the dominant physical condition of Banda Aceh Motocross athletes is in the "Enough" category. This is due to the implementation of continuous physical training given well by the Banda Aceh City Motocross coach.

An organizational change perspective on the incorporation of parkour in a gymnastics federation

Over the last decades, sport federations have been confronted with new variants of sports, such as parkour. Parkour is considered a lifestyle sports which embraces a specific culture that often conflicts with the culture of federation-organized sport (Sterchele and Ferrero Camoletto 2017). Participation in lifestyle sports is increasing rapidly, which may pose a threat to the market position of federations regarding leisure sports (Gilchrist and Wheaton 2011). Despite the studies emphasizing the dichotomous relation between sport federations and lifestyle sports, our study explores why and how both can reconcile. In particular, our study examined how and why readiness for change was achieved in the gymnastic federation as well as in the parkour community for integrating parkour into the federation. Applying a single-case study design, drawing on Oakland and Tanner (2007) change framework, our study revealed several key mechanisms to develop a lifestyle sport in a federation context. Organizational learning proved to be an essential determinant to overcome the cultural differences. Furthermore, our results emphasized the importance of leveraging behavioural and technical leadership in the change process. This study enhances sport managers’ knowledge on how they should approach lifestyle sport communities, while delivering insights to lifestyle sport communities on the intentions of federations regarding their sport.

The importance of family support to engage and retain girls in male dominated action sports. A qualitative study of young people's perspectives.

Social support is positively correlated with physical activity (PA), especially amongst girls, but is underexplored in male-dominated action sports (e.g., mountain biking, skateboarding and surfing). This study explored family level social support needs and experiences of girls and boys in three action sports. Aspiring, current or former Australian adolescent (12-18 years; girls n = 25; boys n = 17) mountain bikers, skateboarders and/or surfers were individually interviewed (telephone/Skype) in 2018/2020. A socio-ecological framework guided the semi-structured interview schedule. Audio-recordings were transcribed verbatim and data analysed thematically using a constant comparative approach. Family level social support was highly influential in young people's participation in action sports, with its absence a common reason for no or discontinued engagement amongst girls. Parents and siblings were the main social support providers with extended family (e.g., grandparents, aunts/uncles, cousins) also notable. Participation (current/past/co-) was the main social support type followed by emotional (e.g., encouragement), instrumental (e.g., transport, equipment/funding) and informational (e.g., coaching) support. Girls were inspired/encouraged by brothers but boys were not inspired/encouraged by sisters; boys and girls co-participated with both parents but co-participating and being inspired by fathers was most common, especially amongst girls; fathers were more commonly the main transport provider if they co-participated with their child; fathers mostly provided initial coaching; only boys were taught equipment maintenance by parents. Sport-related organisations/groups have numerous opportunities to improve girls' representation in action sports by fostering family level social support through various means. Intervention strategies should be tailored to account for gendered participation differences.

A comparative analysis of sports anxiety across various adventure sports

A comparative analysis of sports anxiety across various adventure sports

The effectiveness of penalty takers' deception: A scoping review

Attackers are supposed to take advantage of producing deceptive actions in competitive ball sports, particularly in penalty situations. We conducted a scoping review of the experimental literature to scrutinize whether penalty takers do indeed benefit from using deceptive actions in penalty situations, especially by increasing the likelihood to score a goal. Studies using video-based and in-situ tasks in which soccer and handball goalkeepers try to save a penalty were evaluated. Results showed that penalty takers' manipulation of spatial information available to the goalkeeper during deception (i.e., by using misleading and/or disguising actions) is less effective in in-situ than video-based studies. We argue that this difference occurs because goalkeepers adapt differently to the spatiotemporal constraints in the video-based and in-situ tasks. Goalkeepers appear to prioritize picking up spatial information in video-based tasks while prioritizing temporal information in-situ tasks. Therefore, the manipulation of spatial information appears to be less effective in the more representative in-situ studies than in video-based studies. In order to deceive, penalty takers are advised to manipulate temporal information during on-field penalty situations.

Application of video image processing in sports action recognition based on particle swarm optimization algorithm

The existing sports training methods are mainly aimed at the sports field environment. The traditional sports training is only based on the coaches' visual inspection and combined with their own experience to put forward suggestions, which is relatively inefficient, thus limiting the rise of athletes' sports training level to a certain extent. Based on this background, combining traditional physical education teaching methods with video image processing technology, especially using particle swarm optimization algorithm, can promote the application of human motion recognition technology in physical training. This paper mainly investigates the optimization process of particle swarm optimization algorithm and discusses the development of particle swarm optimization algorithm; Secondly, through video decoding, image noise removal, video enhancement and other methods, complete video image processing and establish the structure of the manikin to achieve the collection of key points of the target, and then collect relevant data with experimental methods The results show that the motion recognition system proposed in this paper can effectively detect the changes of athletes' sampling point path, and can be compared with standard movements, which has a good auxiliary role. With the application of video image processing technology in sports training becoming more and more common, athletes can analyze their training videos in a more intuitive way and find out shortcomings, so as to improve the training effect. This paper studies particle swarm optimization algorithm and applies it to the field of video image processing, which promotes the development of sports action recognition technology based on video processing.

Descriptive Analysis of Long Pass Results in Football Games

The low results of students' long pass at the BBSA soccer school cannot be separated from the training process that is being held. The purpose of this research is to increase the long pass results of BBSA Betung soccer school students through plyometric exercises through a demonstration approach. Implementation of the long pass with plyometric training through the demonstration method approach, is to follow the five stages of the demonstration cycle, namely ask (ask), invest (investigate), create (produce), discuss (discussion), and reflect (reflection). The research method used is the research method. This research is included in experimental research using sports action research (PTO) or commonly called PTK with actions carried out in two cycles. The research instruments used were pre-test/post-test sheets and educators/students. The research subjects were 18 BBSA football school students. The results showed that the results of plyometric training had increased after applying plyometric training through a demonstration approach. The results of the ability of the BBSA football school students to practice plyometrics using the demonstration approach increased.

Internet of things sports information collection and sports action simulation based on cloud computing data platform

In recent years, cloud computing technology has shown exponential growth, and the upgrading of hardware and the improvement of computing performance have brought significant changes to the Internet of Things industry. With the changes of the times and the emergence of many new demands, data platforms under cloud computing platforms must make corresponding changes according to the new demands. Among them, the construction of cross regional data centers is particularly important, especially in commercial environments. How to reduce the cost of data centers on cloud computing platforms while ensuring business quality has become a crucial issue. Based on the above situation, this article has optimized the bandwidth cost of the data center and solved the problem of big data transmission based on delayed big data windows and multi delay windows. A mathematical model for optimizing bandwidth cost under multi delay windows is proposed. This article also studied sports action simulation, which plays an important role in sports research, film animation, and virtual reality. Simulation actions are usually implemented based on data capture methods. However, these methods typically do not have interactivity with the environment. To enhance the authenticity and interactive ability of simulation action information collection, this article adopts reinforcement learning method for training and design, and applies a system of functions such as collecting human sports data processing. This article applies cloud computing data platforms and sports information collection to sports action simulation, making progress in the development of sports action simulation.

Action recognition for sports combined training based on wearable sensor technology and SVM prediction

In the field of sports, coaches have mainly relied on observing the performance of athletes on the spot to formulate suitable training plans for athletes, which has extremely high requirements for the professionalism of coaches. Based on the above requirements, this paper designs a sports action recognition system for sports enthusiasts based on the SVM algorithm optimization model, and for the purpose of verifying the applicability of the system to different sports fields, experiments are carried out on basketball actions and race walking actions. The system uses wearable sensors to capture the motion data of the user, and then analyzes and identifies the user's actions through the SVM algorithm optimization model. By standardizing the user's sports combination training under the system algorithm, the user can improve their training efficiency and reduce the risk of injury. To establish the human body motion model, this paper divides the human skeleton model into five motion branches. The rotation freedom constraints and joint rotation angle range limits are added to the model to ensure the accuracy of the motion analysis. Combining the forward kinematics of the robot and the homogeneous coordinate transformation, the human body joint rotation motion model and the human bone position and posture model are established. In the end, the user can standardize the sports combination training under the system algorithm. In this paper, through the research of wearable sensor technology and sports combined training action recognition, and apply it to practical life, it aims to promote its development and application.

Low energy split-cluster wireless acceleration sensors for motion and posture change recognition in sports

The rise of the national fitness trend has led more and more people to join the ranks of physical fitness, and the current physical education resources and human resources have not been able to keep pace with the development of sports. Due to the lack of guidance, many beginners of sports are not standardized, and their movements are not effective and even cause injuries. Sports action recognition technology can make up for this lack and realize the action recognition and guidance for sports players. In this paper, we build a sports movement and posture recognition model based on acceleration sensors, introduce Selectable Mode Vocoder (SMV) algorithm to optimize the performance, and ensure the effectiveness of sensor data transmission through a low energy multi-layer clustered wireless sensor network. The experiment mainly compares the generation results of the first energy depleted node in the entire network with the number of rounds with energy depleted nodes reaching 10 %. The experimental results show that the low-energy multi-layer clustered wireless sensor network effectively shortens the data transmission path, reduces the energy consumption of nodes, extends the network life time, ensures the data transmission effectiveness, and provides network guarantees for sports action recognition. In addition, in the comparison experiments, the action recognition model in this paper shows better recognition effect and efficiency with obvious performance advantages.

Motivation for professional activity in extreme conditions in Antarctica among winterers of different age groups

Professional activities in the extreme conditions of Antarctica and the Arctic are primarily associated with major risks to life and health, including psychological risks, for the personnel of polar stations. The relevance of this study is driven by the fact that in extreme forms of professional activity, such as expeditions to the Earth’s poles, extreme sports, military operations, etc., one of the main criteria for selecting and forming effective and cohesive teams or groups is understanding the primary motives behind their actions. Motivated individuals tend to perform better and achieve greater success. The purpose of the study is to identify the leading motivations for professional activity in extreme conditions among winterers of Ukrainian Antarctic expeditions across different age groups. To achieve this purpose, methods of theoretical and empirical analysis, observation, generalisation, and systematisation of age groups were chosen. The paper defines and establishes an age-based classification of participants in annual expeditions to the Ukrainian Antarctic station “Academic Vernadsky”. Through surveys, the study measures the level of motivation among individuals towards professional activities in Antarctica within three age groups: younger, middle-aged, and older. Three leading motives are identified: spiritual, social, and material. The analysis of the obtained data concerning the level of these leading motivational factors in polar station environments provides insights into the main reasons driving motivation for prolonged professional activity and helps in adapting to the extreme conditions of the surrounding environment. In addition, age-related differences in motivational processes among different age groups of winterers are presented, allowing for the formation of well-coordinated teams of polar expedition participants of varying age categories. The findings can be used in planning activities in long-term polar expeditions, in military and sports psychology.

Enriching the educational validity of decision-making evaluation in adventure sports coaching

ABSTRACT Adventure sports coaches must make sound judgements and effective decisions to ensure they can manage the significant risks present in an operating environment that is hyper-dynamic and has significant environmental complexity (Collins & Collins, 2013). High-level stakeholders in adventure sports require coaches demonstrate competency to fulfill their responsibilities to look after their clients. Most adventure sports qualifications identify the importance of decision making, however, by using competence-oriented syllabi they may not provide effective methods to evaluate a prospective adventure sport coach’s decision making. This paper identifies the need for expertise-oriented evaluation of decision making and explores decision support tools and educational validity theories in the evaluation process. It also considers how Collins and Collins’ (2021) Big 5 style approach represents an exemplar decision support tool and may provide educational assessment validity, so presenting a sound methodology for coach educators to evaluate the quality of an adventure sports coaches’ decision making.

Differences in epistemological beliefs in a group of high-level UK based caving, mountaineering and rock-climbing instructors

ABSTRACT The epistemological underpinning of Adventure Sports Coaches’ (ASCs) coaching and leadership practice is a growing area of research. The epistemological stance that links to caving instructors, winter mountaineering instructors and rock-climbing instructors practice however has not been considered. Consequently, this paper sought to explore the epistemology of 9 UK-based ASCs (caving instructors (n = 3), winter mountaineering instructors (n = 3) and rock-climbing Instructors (n = 3) using an Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis approach. The study aimed to determine specifically how epistemology manifested itself and whether findings reflected previous ASC research. Results supported previous work in confirming that an Epistemological Chain existed but found that it operated in a very different manner due to the environmental constraints and heightened risk evident within these particular Adventure Sport activities. Findings have implications for National Governing Body instructor training programme design and operation, and also in how epistemology is considered to influence coaches’ decision making in these Adventure Sport activities.

Gender differences in competitive adventure sports tourism

Gender differences in competitive adventure sports tourism

Sensorimotor responses and emotional perception in empathy for pain: An study in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and healthy older adults

AbstractBackgroundMotricity has been proposed to shape our perception and the pre‐reflective knowledge of the other as embodied agents. Through our motor system, we have a meaningful pre‐reflective conception of the experience of the other (empathy). We compared the sensorimotor responses and emotional perception in persons with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and healthy older adults (HOA) while they watched videos of sportswomen/sportsmen suffering physical accidents and videos of a neutral condition.Method86 participants older than 60 years were recruited (AD = 28, PD = 25, HOA = 33). Subjects with AD were diagnosed following NINCDS‐ADRDA criteria and PD with the United Kingdom Parkinson’s Disease Society Brain Bank. The assessment consisted of two parts. Firstly, a neuropsychological battery that included assessment in global cognition (ACE‐III), executive function (IFS, FAS), memory (FCRST), and social cognition (Minisea). Secondly, participants stood up without moving on a force platform while watching videos (60 seconds long and seven scenes each). One video showed sportswomen/sportsmen having physical accidents practicing extreme sports (pain condition), and the other was a neutral condition (home furnishings). At the end of each video, participants rated valence, intensity, and control (1‐9). Each scene was analyzed through six consecutive windows: three seconds before the fall and three after the fall. The six windows of the neutral condition were selected by taking the central temporal part of each scene. Subsequently, and in each window, the AnteroPosterior amplitude of the Center of Pressure (AP‐CoP) was calculated.ResultsParticipants with AD showed significant impairment in practically all cognitive domains, compared to PD and HOA. An Anova (group*condition*temporal windows) revealed a simple effect on group and condition in AP‐CoP displacement. AD and PD showed higher AP‐CoP in both pain and neutral condition than HOA. PD and HOA showed higher AP‐CoP in pain condition than neutral condition, but not AD. In the ANOVA (group*condition), AD rated (p <0.01) higher the emotional valence in the pain condition (5,93±2,72) than PD (3,52±2,2) and HOA (4,06±2,29).ConclusionSensorimotor responses in AD and PD showed enhanced AP‐CoP when compared to HOA. Moreover, AD patients showed a marked impairment in perceiving empathy towards the pain of others.

Counter‐hegemonic sport: Constructing alternative sports narratives in Indian cinema

AbstractThis paper explores the Indian sports film as a category that gains popularity after the economic reforms of the 1990s. Influenced by the Hollywood sports film and global neoliberal ideals, these films incorporate local ideological influences and contribute to the prevailing discourse about sport in India. While mainstream films convey dominant values associated with sport, there are films which challenge these notions. This study examines two such films, Mukkabaaz (2017) and Sudani from Nigeria (2018), which carry subversive potential against hegemonic conceptions of individual, community, nation and merit, and offer an alternate understanding of sport and its role in society.