Lifelong Disability Research Articles

Prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis in France using prenatal screening: A decision-analytic economic model.

Toxoplasma gondii is one of the world's most common parasites. Primary infection of the mother during pregnancy can lead to transmission to the fetus with risks of brain and eye lesions, which may cause lifelong disabilities. France instituted a national program based on monthly retesting of susceptible pregnant women to reduce the number of severe cases through prompt antenatal and postnatal treatment and follow-up. To evaluate the ability of the French prenatal retesting program to reduce the lifetime costs of congenital toxoplasmosis. We measured and then compared the costs and benefits of screening vs. not screening using decision-tree modelling. It included direct and indirect costs to society of treatment and care, and the lifetime lost earnings of children and caregivers. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was carried out. Total lifetime costs per live born child identified as congenitally infected were estimated to be €444 for those identified through prenatal screening vs €656 for those who were not screened. Estimates were robust to changes in all costs of diagnosis, treatment, and sequelae. Screening for the prevention of the congenital T. gondii infection in France is cost saving at €212 per birth. Compared with no screening, screening every pregnant woman in France for toxoplasmosis in 2020 would have saved the country €148 million in addition to reducing or eliminating the devastating physical and emotional suffering caused by T. gondii. Our findings reinforce the conclusions of other decision-analytic modelling of prenatal toxoplasmosis screening.

Issues and problems involving acid attacks against male victims in India.

Acid attacks involve dousing a victim with a concentrated acidic or caustic fluid. The head and face are most often targeted to maximize the chances of disfigurement, as the intention is usually to cause life-long disability, pain and lack of psychological wellbeing rather than death. In India it is often regarded as a form of gender-based violence aimed predominantly at women, frequently following the rejection of a proposed sexual relationship, however, a significant subset of cases involve males. Four cases are reported to demonstrate the different reasons for such attacks in males including revenge for reporting criminal activity, intra-familial disputes and apparently random episodes. Male acid attack victims may represent an over-looked subgroup that often does not receive adequate compensation or government support to access disability services, despite this being mandated by recent legislation.

Enzyme therapy in sports injuries

<p>Sports and exercise activities are helpful to increase overall health and physical fitness. But also, there is risk of different types of injuries such as sprains, strains, dislocations and fractures collectively known as sports injuries. Sports injuries, if not treated promptly and properly, may lead to lifelong disabilities or may affect athlete’s ability to participate in sports. Most of the sports injuries are affecting bones and soft tissues manifesting pain, inflammation and restricted mobility. The common treatment modalities are the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids for pain and inflammation management in sports injuries. But these drugs may lead to severe side effects in long term use. Also, NSAIDs and corticosteroids, do not promote crucial process of remodeling and repair of injury. Hence, there is a need for treatment modalities facilitating fast recovery with less side effects hastening the return to competition by injured athletes. Systemic enzyme therapy (SET) is the enzyme flavonoid combination administered orally and has been recommended since many years for the treatment of pain and inflammation. SET including bromelain, trypsin, rutoside combination has been evaluated and proven effective treatment option for faster recovery with reduced inflammation. These enzymes either in combination or individually show effect on injuries. This review explains types, pathophysiology, current treatment modalities, use of SET and its clinical evidences in sports injury.</p>

Risk-Benefit assessment of foods: Development of a methodological framework for the harmonized selection of nutritional, microbiological, and toxicological components.

Investigating the impact of diet on public health using risk-benefit assessment (RBA) methods that simultaneously consider both beneficial and adverse health outcomes could be useful for shaping dietary policies and guidelines. In the field of food safety and nutrition, RBA is a relatively new approach facing methodological challenges and being subject to further developments. One of the methodological aspects calling for improvement is the selection of components to be considered in the assessment, currently based mainly on non-harmonized unstandardized experts' judgment. Our aim was to develop a harmonized, transparent, and documented methodological framework for selecting nutritional, microbiological, and toxicological RBA components. The approach was developed under the Novel foods as red meat replacers-an insight using Risk-Benefit Assessment methods (NovRBA) case study, which attempted to estimate the overall health impact of replacing red meat with an edible insect species, Acheta domesticus. Starting from the compositional profiles of both food items, we created a "long list" of food components. By subsequently applying a series of predefined criteria, we proceeded from the "long" to the "short list." These criteria were established based on the occurrence and severity of health outcomes related to these components. For nutrition and microbiology, the occurrence of health outcomes was evaluated considering the presence of a component in the raw material, as well as the effect of processing on the respective component. Regarding toxicology, the presence and exposure relative to reference doses and the contribution to total exposure were considered. Severity was graded with the potential contribution to the background diet alongside bioavailability aspects (nutrition), the disability-adjusted life years per case of illness of each hazard (microbiology), and disease incidence in the population, potential fatality, and lifelong disability (toxicology). To develop the "final list" of components, the "short list" was refined by considering the availability and quality of data for a feasible inclusion in the RBA model. The methodology developed can be broadly used in food RBA, to guide and reinforce a harmonized selection of nutritional, microbiological, and toxicological components and will contribute to facilitating RBA implementation, enabling the generation of transparent, robust, and comparable outcomes.

Особенности социализации лиц с различным временем наступления инвалидности

The article introduces a two-group classification of scientific publications on the age-related socio-psychological characteristics of people with special needs. The first group features the development conditions, while the second group focuses on the types of socio-psychological characteristics and the social groups they affect. The authors believe that adults with life-long disabilities and those who were registered as disabled at the age of majority have different socio-psychological profiles and socialization issues. An unstructured interview revealed that the socio-psychological characteristics of adults with life-long disabilities depended on the attitude to the disease shaped by their parents. As for people who acquired the status as adults, their attitude depended on the social skills they possessed before. They had a better social adaptability but a more difficult socialization later in life.

Disease burden and epidemiologic characteristics of injury in Korea

Background: Injury is a major public health concern because it is a major cause of death and may cause lifelong disabilities. New environmental risk factors, such as extreme climates, are now emerging, and the vulnerable elderly population is rapidly growing. Therefore, understanding the epidemiological characteristics and trends of injury is necessary to establish preventive policies and actions.Current Concepts: Injury accounts for 13.3% of the disease burden in Korea, which is higher than the global proportion (9.8%). In addition, in 2019, the life years lost due to injury in Korea was 973,030, which is also higher than in the other 37 countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Mortality due to injury has shown a downward trend, while mortality due to falls has shown an upward trend since 2010. Mortality due to injury in Korea is higher than the OECD average, and mortality due to intentional self-harm was the highest. Intentional self-harm accounts for 50.8% of deaths due to injury. In hospitalization due to injury, falls account for the largest proportion (38.5%) and frequently occur in older adults.Discussion and Conclusion: Although the mortality rate of injury is decreasing, the magnitude of injury in Korea is still higher than the OECD average. We hope these findings are used as basic data to find a targeted approach for injury prevention.

Neuroprotective and neurorestorative actions of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived small extracellular vesicles in the ischemic brain

Ischemic stroke is a highly prevalent condition that frequently results in life-long disability and death. Considerable efforts have been made to establish treatments that prevent secondary ischemic damage and promote stroke recovery. Until now, the recanalization of occluded blood vessels via thrombolysis and thrombectomy, although highly potent, remains the only treatment in humans that enhances stroke outcome. Small extracellular vesicles are non-replicating, nano-sized (70–150 nm) lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles, which have shown remarkable biological activities in various physiological and pathophysiological contexts. When administered post-stroke, mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) induce neuroprotection, promote brain remodeling and plasticity, and enhance neurological recovery in rodents and non-human primates via mechanisms that involve immunomodulation and anti-inflammation. In this review, experimental studies on the therapeutic actions of MSC-EVs in animal stroke models are summarized and perspectives for clinical translation are outlined.

Towards Shorter, Child-Friendly Regimens for Treatment of Tuberculosis Disease and Infection in Children.

Towards Shorter, Child-Friendly Regimens for Treatment of Tuberculosis Disease and Infection in Children.

An expansion of phenotype: novel homozygous variant in the MED17 identified in patients with progressive microcephaly and global developmental delay

Global developmental delay (GDD) is a lifelong disability that affects 1–3% of the population around the globe. It is phenotypically variable and highly heterogeneous in terms of the underlying genetics. Patients with GDD are intellectually disabled (ID) manifesting cognitive impairment and deficient adaptive behavior. Here, we investigated a two-looped consanguineous family segregating severe ID, seizure, and progressive microcephaly. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed mild brain atrophy and myelination defect. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on the DNA samples of two patients and a novel homozygous missense variant (Chr11:g0.93528085; NM_004268.5_c.871T > C; p. Trp291Gly) was identified in the MED17 gene. Sanger sequencing revealed that the identified variant is heterozygous in both parents and healthy siblings. This variant is conserved among different species, causes a non-conserved amino acid change, and is predicted deleterious by various in silico tools. The variant is not reported in population variant databases. MED17 (OMIM: 613668) encodes for the mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription complex subunit 17. Structure modeling of MED17 protein revealed that Trp291 is involved in different inter-helical interactions, providing structural stability. Replacement of Trp291Gly, a less hydrophobic amino acid loses the inter-helical interaction leading to a perturb variant of MED17 protein.

Homozygous Missense Variant in the N-Terminal Region of ANK3 Gene Is Associated with Developmental Delay, Seizures, Speech Abnormality, and Aggressive Behavior

Introduction: Intellectual disability (ID) is a lifelong disability that affects an individual’s learning capacity and adaptive behavior. Such individuals depend on their families for day-to-day survival and pose a significant challenge to the healthcare system, especially in developing countries. ID is a heterogeneous condition, and genetic studies are essential to unravel the underlying cellular pathway for brain development and functioning. Methods: Here we studied a female index patient, born to a consanguineous Pakistani couple, showing clinical symptoms of ID, ataxia, hypotonia, developmental delay, seizures, speech abnormality, and aggressive behavior. Whole exome sequencing (WES) coupled with Sanger sequencing was performed for molecular diagnosis. Further, 3D protein modeling was performed to see the effect of variant on protein structure. Results: WES identified a novel homozygous missense variant (c.178T>C; p.Tyr60His) in the ANK3 gene. In silico analysis and 3-dimensional (3D) protein modeling supports the deleterious impact of this variant on the encoding protein, which compromises the protein’s overall structure and function. Conclusion: Our finding supports the clinical and genetic diversity of the ANK3 gene as a plausible candidate gene for ID syndrome. Intelligence is a complex polygenic human trait, and understanding molecular and biological pathways involved in learning and memory can solve the complex puzzle of how cognition develops. Intellectual disability (ID) is defined as a deficit in an individual’s learning and adaptive behavior at an early age of onset [American Psychiatric Association, 2013]. It is one of the major medical, and cognitive disorders with a prevalence of 1–3% in the population worldwide [Leonard and Wen, 2002]. ID often exists with other disabling mental conditions such as autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depression. Almost half of the cases appear to have a genetic explanation that ranges from cytogenetically visible abnormalities to monogenic defects [Flint, 2001; Ropers, 2010; Tucker-Drob et al., 2013]. Intellectual disability is a genetically heterogeneous condition, and more than 700 genes have been identified to cause ID alone or as a part of the syndrome. Research in X-linked ID has identified more than 100 disease-causing genes on the X chromosome that play a role in cognition; however, research into autosomal causes of ID is still ongoing [Vissers et al., 2016].

Clinical, Etiological and Neuroimaging Profile in Children with Microcephaly Under Five Years of Age

Objective: To describe the clinical, etiological and neuroimaging profile of children with microcephaly at a tertiary care children hospital of Karachi Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at neurology outpatient department of National institute of child health (NICH) Karachi from 1st December 2020 to 30th November 2021. Methodology: Patients with microcephaly who presented to outpatient department of National Institute of Child Health (NICH) Karachi were included. Clinical history and physical examination findings were recorded in proforma and neuroimaging was done in all patients including computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of brain. Data entry and analysis was done in SPSS 25.0. Results: Total 130 children were enrolled with mean age was 7.17 ±7.1 (range 1-41) months of which male were 57(43.5%) and females were 74(56.5%). Mean weight was 7.74 ±2.9 kg. Mean FOC was 40.6 ±3.3 (range 33-49) cm. common clinical symptoms for presentation were seizures 95 (73%) and developmental delay 95 (73%). Most frequent etiology was birth asphyxia 60 (46%), and neuroimaging shows brain atrophy in 32 (24%). Conclusion: In our study common cause of microcephaly was cerebral palsy and was commonly associated with of epilepsy, developmental delay, hearing and vision problems. Further plans are needed for prevention of perinatal asphyxia by regular antenatal checkups and delivery by trained person with co-ordination between pediatrician and obstetrics along with early identification of danger signs, which may improve outcome and prevent lifelong disabilities Keywords: Microcephaly; developmental delay; seizures.

The Early Detection and Case Management of Skin Diseases With an mHealth App (eSkinHealth): Protocol for a Mixed Methods Pilot Study in Côte d'Ivoire.

BackgroundThere is a high prevalence of skin diseases sub-Saharan Africa, including skin neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that could lead to lifelong disabilities and deformities if not diagnosed and treated early. To achieve early detection and early treatment of these skin diseases, we developed a mobile health app, eSkinHealth.ObjectiveThis paper outlines a protocol for evaluating the effect of our eSkinHealth app in the early detection and effective management of skin diseases in Côte d’Ivoire.MethodsA mixed methods pilot trial will be conducted in Côte d’Ivoire and will consist of 3 phases: (1) the development and improvement of the eSkinHealth app, (2) a pilot trial to evaluate the usability of the eSkinHealth app for local medical staff in Côte d’Ivoire, and (3) a pilot trial to evaluate the effectiveness of early detection and case management of targeted skin NTDs (Buruli ulcer, leprosy, yaws, and lymphatic filariasis) with the eSkinHealth app in Côte d’Ivoire. The pilot study will be implemented as a 2-arm trial with local health care providers and patients with skin NTDs over a 3-month follow-up period. The local health care providers will be assigned to an intervention group receiving the eSkinHealth app to be used in their daily practices or a control group. Training will be provided on the use and implementation of the app and the diagnostic pipeline to the intervention group only, while both groups will receive training on skin diseases. Our primary outcome is to evaluate the early detection and effective management of skin diseases using the eSkinHealth app in Côte d’Ivoire by the number of cases diagnosed and managed. Additionally, we will evaluate the eSkinHealth app with validated questionnaires and in-depth interviews. Procedures of our methods have been reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Ministry of Health, Côte d’Ivoire and by Tulane University in 2021.ResultsThis study was funded in 2021. We started the enrollment of patients in February 2022, and data collection is currently underway. We expect the first results to be submitted for publication in 2023.ConclusionsOur eSkinHealth app is a field-adapted platform that could provide both direct diagnostic and management assistance to health workers in remote settings. The study will provide evidence for the usability and the effectiveness of the eSkinHealth app to improve the early detection and case management of skin NTDs in Côte d’Ivoire and, furthermore, is expected to contribute to knowledge on mobile health approaches in the control of skin NTDs.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05300399; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT05300399International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/39867

Development of a Three-Dimensional Nerve Stretch Growth Device towards an Implantable Neural Interface.

Because of rising traumatic accidents and diseases, the number of patients suffering from nerve injury is increasing. Without effective rehabilitation therapy, the patients will get motor or sensory function losses or even a lifelong disability. As for amputees, neural interface technology can be used to splice nerves and electrical wires together in a way that allows them to control an artificial limb as if it was a natural extension of the body. However, the means the need for an autologous nerve to stimulate axonal regeneration and extension into target tissues, which are limited by the supply of donor nerves. Based on the principle of mechanical force regulating axon growth, in this paper, we developed a three-dimensional nerve stretch growth device for an implantable neural interface. The device consists of three motors controlled by single chip microcomputer and some mechanical parts. The stability and reliability of the device were tested. Then, we used neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells by small chemical molecules to explore the optimal three-dimensional stretch culture parameters. Furthermore, we found that the axons were intact through 10 rotations per day and 1 mm of horizontal pulling per day. The results of this research will provide convenience for patients treated through an implantable neural interface.

Magnitude of position-related soft tissue injuries and associated factors among elective adult surgical patients at Tikur anbessa specialized hospital, Addis ababa, Ethiopia

BackgroundPosition-related soft tissue injuries are the cause of additional suffering for surgical patients, and increase treatment costs. Though its prevalence is underreported, its consequences range from acute mild injuries to lifelong disabilities. ObjectiveTo assess magnitude and associated factors of position-related soft tissue injuries among elective adult surgical patients at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa. MethodAn institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 292 elective adult surgical patients at Tikur Anbesa specialized hospital from January 1, 2021, to May 30, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used and data was collected by pre-tested questionnaire through data retrieval from chart and patients observation in the post anesthesia care unit. Both bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analysis were done to evaluate the association between dependent and independent variables. The level of statistical significance was decided at p-value less than 0.05. ResultsThe magnitude of position-related soft tissue injuries in our study was 9.6%. The lower Body Mass Index AOR = 6.12; 95%CI: (1.02–16.3), surgical duration more than 4 h AOR = 5.04; 95%CI:(1.19–21.2) and lateral position AOR = 8.01; 95% CI: (1.2–30.5) were found to be independently associated with position related soft tissue injury. ConclusionOur study found that the magnitude of position-related soft tissue injury was high. Surgical teams must develop the local protocol or adopt protocol to prevent the position-related soft tissue injury and factors associated should be identified a head of surgery.

Air Crash Investigation: Pattern of Spinal Injuries, Management During the COVID-19 Pandemic, and Outcomes.

Spinal injuries following an air crash can be fatal, and recognizing the patients who need immediate attention and early management could save those patients from ending up with lifelong disabilities and other consequences. However, taking appropriate actions in a pandemic situation presents additional challenges. We present our report of air crash victims with spinal injuries, along with their patterns, morphology, management, and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. An analysis was performed on the spinal injuries of victims of the Boeing 737 crash landing at the Karipur Airport (Calicut International Airport, Kerala, India) who were treated at a tertiary care referral hospital in August 2020. Details of the initial triage, patterns of injury, morphologies, mechanisms, management principles, and outcomes at 9 months postinjury were recorded and analyzed. Of the 47 patients received at our center, 44 survivors were triaged and 13 patients (29.5%) were identified to have spinal injuries of varying severities. The majority of the injuries were chance fractures at the lumbar level, followed by burst and compression fractures. A total of 6 patients underwent surgery, following all COVID-19 guidelines based on priority. All survivors had positive outcomes with our management. No complications such as secondary infections, worsening of neurological deficits, or implant failures were recorded. A high incidence of spinal injuries is seen in air crash victims. Early prioritized surgical management in selected patients provides excellent outcomes. Disaster management during a pandemic situation is a difficult task, where proper planning and execution is necessary to provide optimal results.

Socioeconomic risk markers of congenital Zika syndrome: a nationwide, registry-based study in Brazil

While it is well known that socioeconomic markers are associated with a higher risk of arbovirus infections, research on the relationship between socioeconomic factors and congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) remains...

Global Trends in Hemophilia Research

The hemophilias are the most common X-linked inherited bleeding disorders, and if not managed properly, they can lead to chronic disease and lifelong disabilities. The hemophilias remains a hot topic in the field of hematology. This bibliometric study aimed to investigate the current status of publications on haemophilia. The goal of this study was to retrieve data from journals that were indexed in the Web of Science (WoS; Thomson Reuters, New York, NY, USA) database. Keywords related to “Hemophilia” were used. The time span was set from 1970 to 2021. Data pertaining to growth of publications, the most active countries and institutions, the most cited journals, and mapping of publications and keywords were analyzed. Retrieved data were analyzed to present various bibliometric indicators while maps were visualized using the VOS viewer technique. The Hirsch (H) index and the impact factor (IF) of the publishing journal were used as indicators of impact of publications. A total of 7.736 articles were retrieved with an average of 22.06 and total of 170.624 citations. H index was found as 149. Study searches the publications in the period between 1970 and 2020 first article was in the year 1970. The leading country on journal number is the United States of America (USA) with (n=2474; 31.98%), followed by England (11.69%), Germany (9.76%), Italy (8.59%), Canada (6.81%), France (6.67%). Most of the retrieved articles were from research areas of Hematology (n=4706; 60.83%), Cardiovascular System/Cardiology (11.46%), General Internal Medicine (10.12%), Pediatrics (4.52%), Genetics Heredity (n4.25%). The number of publications from the development countries should be increased and research on hemophilia should be supported. The landscape of this illness is changing continuously, and bibliometric studies like the one presented are a useful tool for highlighting developments inside this field.

214.4: The Genetic Epidemiology of Hereditary Pancreatitis in Australia and Its Effect on Patients of Total Pancreatectomy and Islet Auto Translation (TP-IAT)

Introduction: Hereditary Pancreatitis (HP) is a cause of pancreatitis in childhood leading to lifelong disability and an elevated risk of pancreatic cancer. The clinical and genetic features of HP have not been characterised in Australia. This project aims to understand the effects of HP-associated variants on disease risk and progression, and their pertinence on past and future patients of TP-IAT. Methods: HP patients were identified from existing hospital records. Interviews were administered to collect HP-associated data including pain management, medical prescriptions, interventions, smoking and alcohol history, and overall quality of life. Saliva samples were obtained for whole-exome-sequencing (WES). Genetic data were analysed using standard bioinformatics toolkits for variant discovery and correlation with HP phenotype. This was compared to a control sample of 2,504 patients with adult-onset chronic pancreatitis. Results: A total of 44 HP patients from 10 independent pedigrees were identified. Eighty-four percent of HP cases presented with clinical onset before the age of 10. Eighty-six percent of HP patients reported ongoing opioid use to control pain and 79% of patients reported ongoing moderate to severe pain. The majority (57%) of the HP cohort self-identified as Indigenous Australians and HP was 67 times more prevalent in Indigenous populations than non-Indigenous. Overall, 14/16 individuals underwent TP-IAT exhibited substantial reduction in analgesic requirement. The estimated prevalence of HP in SA was 2.48 per 100,000. HP was ~67 times more prevalent in Indigenous people than non-Indigenous South Australians. The study cohort had a younger age of onset and higher female ratio when compared to 2,504 of control adult-onset CP cases. Conclusion: Our estimated prevalence of HP is higher than previously described and disproportionately affect Indigenous populations. The percentage of HP patients requiring lifelong analgesics is alarming and genetic factors are an important cause of pancreatitis in Australian children. Finally, TP-IAT has been successful as a new therapy for HP management.

Game-based virtual reality solution for post-stroke balance rehabilitation

In recent years, there has been a remarkable decline in stroke-related mortality. However, it remains one of the leading causes of death and the most prominent cause of lifelong disability in adults. This positive development results from increased accessibility to various stroke treatment options. In addition, the use of virtual reality in rehabilitation offers a possible alternative to traditional methods of medical rehabilitation of the upper limbs, improving muscle strength or balance. An early diagnosis of equilibrium deficits brings an incredible contribution to recovery. Analysis tests using stabilometric platforms have begun to be used more recently due to the advantages offered. This assessment method highlights and analyzes balance disorders and determines the body's center of gravity position through several sensors or arrays of sensors that transmit information to the processing software. This work aimed to develop a low-cost, stabilometric platform that could be used to build a recovery system using virtual reality-based games. The developed platform uses an Arduino UNO microcontroller that takes data from 4 force sensors. Two applications have been created. The first one was for balance maintenance and the second for execute balance exercises in the anteroposterior and mediolateral direction.

Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan tentang Imunisasi Polio dan Pentabio pada Ibu yang Memiliki Anak (Usia 0-6 Bulan) di Wilayah UPTD Puskesmas Kayon Palangka Raya

Background Polio immunization is used to prevent poliomyelitis disease that can cause paralysis in infants. The disease is caused by a poliomyelitis virus that enters through the food, breeds in the gastrointestinal lymph nodes, then spreads through the blood to the nervous system, resulting in paralysis or lifelong disability. Immunization of combined pentabio DPT-HB and Hib vaccine. Pentabio immunization prevents certain diseases, such as diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, hepatitis B, meningitis, and pneumonia caused by Hib bacteria (Haemophilus influenza type b). The phenomenon that occurred at Kayon Health Center when interviewed, there are still many mothers who are less aware of polio and pentabio immunization. Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health education on the level of knowledge about polio immunization in mothers who have babies (aged 0-6 months) in the UPTD Work Area of the Kayon Health Center Palangka Raya. The design used in this study uses a pre-experimental research design with a "one group pre-test and post-test design. Sampling using purposive sampling and a sample of 15 respondents mothers who have a baby (age 0-6 months). The data were collected using questionnaires, then analyzed using a non-parametric statistic test of the Wilcoxon sign tank test. The result of statistical test analysis using the Wilcoxon test above got a P-Value of 0,003 <0,05, so health education influences the mother's knowledge level about polio immunization and pentabio at baby 0-6 months. In conclusion, after being given health education, respondents have an increased level of knowledge. It is expected that the research can provide information about the influence of health education on the level of knowledge about immunization of polio and pentabio in mothers who have babies (ages 0-6 months) to increase mothers' knowledge in the importance of polio and pentabio immunization in children.