Lifestyle Performance Research Articles

大学生のインターネット依存傾向と健康度および生活習慣との関連性

大学生のインターネット依存傾向と健康度および生活習慣との関連性

Altruistic Activities of Older Adults Living in Long Term Care Facilities: A Literature Review

The purposes of this study were to (1) review the research literature on altruistic activities of older adults living in long term care (LTC) facilities and (2) explore the implications of this research for the practice of occupational therapy. Reviews of six studies in the occupational therapy literature are presented. Three models used within occupational therapy practice (The Model of Human Occupation [MOHO], Person-Environment-Occupation Model [PEO] and the Lifestyle Performance Model [LSPM]) were then examined as to how altruistic behaviors can be incorporated as part of the assessment process. From this review six points were summarized which can assist occupational therapy professionals in planning interventions to meet altruistic needs. They include: (1) One should not assume that all residents of an LTC facility have the need to be altruistic; (2) having a choice to engage in the activity or not once it is designed is important, but having the opportunity presented by the therapist in the first place may be the key to facilitation of such activities; (3) the question of who to serve provides many opportunities, with research indicating a promising lead that intergenerational help may be particularly satisfying, (4) altruistic activities can have recipients from the community, but also can potentially include peers in the residence; (5) there is some research which indicates residents, once provided with the idea, can be active planners of the type of activities engaged in, including what to do, whom to do it for, and the length of time of participation; and (6) the opportunity for social engagement is of major importance. Practitioners need to be aware of the interest that may be present among older adults living in long term care facilities to engage in altruistic activities. Such activities may serve as a means to directly assist clients in maintaining their quality of life and achieving higher levels of life satisfaction.

What are the criteria for development of occupational therapy theory? A response to Fidler's Life Style Performance Model.

What are the criteria for development of occupational therapy theory? A response to Fidler's Life Style Performance Model.

Life-style performance: from profile to conceptual model.

The Life Style Performance Model provides a framework for knowing and understanding a person's total activity repertoire within the context of his or her human and nonhuman world. The model enables occupational therapy practitioners to gain a holistic perspective, thus ensuring that interventions will have more clearly discernible relevance to individual needs, interests, capacities, and self-other expectations. It presents a way of conceptualizing the interrelatedness of person, environment, activity profile, and quality of life. This article addresses these dynamic relationships in a manner that makes it possible to plan and implement interventions that hold maximum potential for eliciting and sustaining a person's intrinsic motivation to pursue an evolving life-style optimally satisfying to self and significant others.

Surgery for limb threatening ischaemia: A reappraisal of the costs and benefits

To study the quality of life of patients following surgery for critical limb is ischaemia. Part retrospective, part prospective open study. Vascular unit of a University Hospital. Seventy-nine consecutive patients, medium age 75 years (range 44 to 94), who presented with leg threatening ischaemia and who underwent successful revascularisation or a major amputation were studied. Six separate quality of life measures were recorded at 6 months: pain, mobility, anxiety, depression, activities of daily living (Barthel) and lifestyle (Frenchay). The mortality of this group of patients after six months was 24%. Forty-seven patients were available for quality of life assessment six months after initial intervention. Overall, amputation was more costly than successful revascularisation and limb salvage. Limb salvage resulted in greater mobility (p < 0.001) and better performance in self-care (p < 0.001) and lifestyle (p = 0.006), but produced more anxiety and depression (p = 0.04) than major amputation. A subgroup of patients who had major amputation after a failed limb salvage operation consumed a disproportionate amount of resources and, although their mobility was typical of amputees, their self-care and lifestyle scores were similar to those who had successful limb salvage. OBSTRUCTIONS: Limb salvage is attempted in up to 22% of patients for whom primary amputation may provide more expeditious rehabilitation with minimal impairment of their lifestyle performance.