Life Program Research Articles

Early life programming by diet can play a role in risk reduction of otitis in dogs.

Otitis in dogs is often chronic while local treatment primarily consists of flushing, antibiotics, and/or antifungals. We were interested in finding early life variables that associate with otitis later in life, preferably some that could be modified. A cross-sectional hypothesis-driven study with longitudinal data was performed to search for associations between pre- and postnatal exposures, and the incidence of owner-reported otitis in dogs at over 1 year of age. The multivariate logistic regression analysis study included data from 3,064 dogs and explored 26 different early life variables at four early life stages: prenatal, neonatal, postnatal, and puppyhood. We compared two feeding patterns, a non-processed meat-based diet (NPMD, raw) and an ultra-processed carbohydrate-based diet (UPCD, dry). We report that eating a NPMD diet significantly decreased the risk of otitis later in life, while eating a UPCD diet significantly increased the risk. This was seen in different life stages of mother or puppy: The maternal diet during pregnancy (p=0.011) and the puppies' diet from 2 to 6 months of age (p=0.019) were both significantly associated with otitis incidence later in life, whereas the puppies' first solid diet, was associated in the same way, but did not reach significance (p=0.072). Also, analyzing food ratios showed that when puppies were consuming >25% of their food as NPMD it significantly decreased their incidence of otitis later in life, while a ratio of >75% UPCD in their diet significantly increased their risk of otitis. Also, if the dog was born in the current family, was exposed to sunlight for more than 1 hour daily, and was raised on a dirt floor during puppyhood, there was a lower risk of otitis development later in life. The findings only suggest causality, and further studies are required. However, we propose that veterinarians, breeders, and owners can impact otitis risk by modifying factors such as diet and environment.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and associated factors in military policemen

The metabolic syndrome is characterized by disturbances in the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates, abdominal obesity, and high blood pressure, which together increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This article aims to estimate the prevalence and investigate associated factors to metabolic syndrome in military police officers in Salvador (Bahia – BA). This is a cross-sectional epidemiological study, which included a random sample of 360 clinical records of police officers enrolled in the medical control program of the Military Police of Bahia in 2017. The International Diabetes Federation protocol was used to characterize the metabolic syndrome. A prevalence of 34.4% of metabolic syndrome was observed, being higher among men (35.9%) when compared with women (28.9%). Of the isolated components, the most prevalent were arterial hypertension (69%), abdominal obesity (57.8%), and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (39.4%). By the multivariate analysis, only two variables showed statistical significance in the association with the metabolic syndrome: age ≥ 38 years and the practice of physical activity, which was identified as a protective factor. The study shows a high prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and of its isolated components in the studied group, indicating the need to create health and quality of life programs that seek to prevent its occurrence among the military police of Bahia, especially with the practice of physical activity.

Optimizing delirium care in the era of Age-Friendly Health System.

Delirium is a significant geriatric condition associated with adverse clinical and economic outcomes. The cause of delirium is usually multifactorial, and person-centered multicomponent approaches for proper delirium management are required. In 2017, the John A. Hartford Foundation and the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) launched a national initiative, Age-Friendly Health System (AFHS), promoting the use of a framework called 4Ms (what matters, medication, mentation, and mobility). The 4Ms framework's primary goal is to provide comprehensive and practical person-centered care for older adults and it aligns with the core concepts of optimal delirium management. In this special article, we demonstrate how a traditional delirium prevention and management model can be assessed from the perspective of AFHS. An example is the crosswalk with the Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) Core Interventions and the 4MS, which demonstrates alignment in delirium management. We also introduce useful tools to create an AFHS environment in delirium management. Although much has been written about delirium management, there is a need to identify the critical steps in advancing the overall delirium care in the context of the AFHS. In this article, we suggest future directions, including the need for more prospective and comprehensive research to assess the impact of AFHS on delirium care, the need for more innovative and sustainable education platforms, fundamental changes in the healthcare payment system for proper adoption of AFHS in any healthcare setting, and application of AFHS in the community for continuity of care for older adults with delirium.

SNS 방송 클립 영상 시청의 공감 반응이 본방송 호기심과 시청 의도에 미치는 영향

This study analyzes the effect of empathic response of watching SNS broad- casting clips on the Curiosity and viewing intention of live program. Results indicated that empathetic understanding, identification, and vicarious emotional response have immediate effects on Curiosity. The Curiosity for the main broadcast had a positive effect on the viewing intention of live program, thus the mediating effect was verified. This shows that empathic response plays significant roles in developing Curiosity and viewing intention of watching the main show while viewing SNS broadcasting clips.

The Effects of Vegan Diet on Fetus and Maternal Health: A Review.

Veganism, a way of eating that forbids goods produced from animals, is rising in acceptance around the globe. This thorough analysis investigates how a vegan diet affects fetal growth during pregnancy, highlighting the need to maintain ideal maternal nutrition. The idea of "early life programming"emphasizes how a pregnant woman's lifestyle impacts her unborn child's health. Nutrient consumption during pregnancy makes it essential to have a healthy eating routine. While a carefully thought-out vegan diet may contain all the essential nutrients, some micronutrients need special attention, which may call for supplementation. The study delves into significant findings concerning nutritional adequacy and challenges in the discussion section, highlighting nutrients like calcium, iron, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D, and protein. It emphasizes medical professionals' need to monitor and assist vegan expectant mothers in meeting their nutritional needs. The analysis also examines the intricate connection between a mother's health and the outcomes of vegan pregnancies, such as decreased rates of gestational diabetes and hypertension. Examining fetal growth and development further highlights the complexity of this process, as do the contradicting data on birth weights. Furthermore, early data suggestthat infants born to vegan moms may benefit cognitively, but further studies are required to prove a causal relationship. In addressing ethical and environmental issues in the review's conclusion, it is acknowledged that these aspects impact pregnant women's food decisions. Given the rising popularity of veganism, it is crucial to offer trustworthy advice to expectant women who are thinking about or already following a vegan diet.

Constraints to community empowerment: A study of communities around forests in Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province

The empowerment of village communities around the forest is called the Plants of Life program by the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number P.12/Menlhk-II/2015 concerning Industrial Plantation Forest Development where the community is entitled to 20% of the HTI area. However, this is very contradictory to the community in Pelalawan Regency where empowerment through plants of life still adopts the pattern of giving cash. The purpose of this study is to analyze and explain the obstacles to empowering communities around the forest in Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. This research uses a type of qualitative research with a case study approach that the author considers can answer the problems faced, namely related to obstacles to community empowerment around the forest. The type of research used is qualitative research with a case study approach. The data analysis techniques used are interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The informants in this study were the village government, community leaders, and the company. The data used consists of primary and secondary data. The results of the discussion show the lack of community ability to change from consumptive patterns to ideal empowerment patterns. Then existing institutions in the village such as teams/cooperatives are unable to accommodate the welfare of the community, as well as regulations that are unable to accommodate empowerment.

Randomized-controlled trial of a whole-family obesity prevention and treatment intervention designed for low-income Hispanic families: HeLP the healthy living program

BackgroundLow-income Hispanic families face marked disparities in obesity, but interventions for obesity prevention and treatment have rarely been designed with this population as a focus. Hispanic culture is characterized by Familism, a value that prioritizes familial respect, cooperation, and togetherness. We describe the rationale and design of a trial of the Healthy Living Program (HeLP), a bilingual whole-family behavioral obesity prevention and treatment intervention designed around the value Familism and addressing food insecurity. Methods/designThis two-group randomized comparative effectiveness trial will compare the effects of HeLP versus a primary care counseling intervention (Recommended Treatment of Obesity in Primary Care, or RTOP) on decreasing body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) in Hispanic children 2–16 years of age with obesity and preventing BMI increase among siblings without obesity. 164 families per arm will be recruited from primary care practices. Families randomized to HeLP will participate in 12 two-hour sessions, followed by booster sessions. HeLP sessions include family meals and instruction in parenting skills, nutrition, culinary skills, fitness, and mindfulness delivered at community recreation centers by bilingual health educators and athletic trainers. Families randomized to RTOP will be offered individual visits in primary care every 3 months throughout the 18-month follow-up period. Secondary outcomes include changes to objectively measured child fitness, the home environment related to nutrition, physical activity, and media usage, food insecurity, child eating behaviors, quality of life, parent BMI and waist circumference, and implementation outcomes. DiscussionThis protocol paper describes the rationale and planned methods for the comparative effectiveness trial. Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT05041855 (6/13/2023).

A scoping review of housing stabilization interventions for youth experiencing homelessness

This scoping review synthesized the academic literature within North America that focuses on housing stabilization interventions for young people experiencing homelessness. A scoping review method was used to identify literature relevant to the question: What is the existing evidence in the peer-reviewed literature regarding housing stabilization interventions for youth who have experienced homelessness? The databases of PubMed, Scopus, PsychInfo and Google Scholar were searched, identifying 31 papers that were selected for the review. Three housing stabilization themes were identified, which included: 1) Multidisciplinary and outreach interventions, 2) Housing first models and 3) Transitional, Supportive and Independent Living programs. Results indicated improvements in housing stability among youth across types of housing stabilization interventions as well as promising impacts in areas of mental health, addictions, employment, education, and independent living skills. The evidence base, however, is limited, highlighting a need for future research to include more pragmatic design and examine what works best for who and when.

Vanhenevien kansalaisten äänimuistot radion keskusteluohjelmassa

Sonic remembering of older citizens in a live radio show
 An interactive three-hour live radio programme Äänien ilta (“Evening of Sounds”) is composed of phone-in requests on environmental sounds and callers’ narratives on their personal memories of historical and contemporary sonic phenomena from diverse settings. Fulfilled requests are accompanied by discussions between callers and studio personnel aiming to elicit further information on emotionally and intellectually exceptional sounds and soundscapes. The Finnish radio format was developed into a transnational programme in collaboration with B-Air – Art Infinity Radio. Creating Sound Art for Babies, Toddlers and Vulnerable Groups project to raise awareness in diverse sound cultures in European countries.
 By analysing the phone calls and fieldwork material collected among the older citizens, the article will present how sound memories and the acts of remembering are constructed in radio live shows and in an interview situation. Specific attention is paid to the sounds of media, transforming everyday soundscapes and how different machines and engines are represented in speech. The article draws from the theories of individual and social remembering and clarifies the scholarly origins and conceptual discussions in soundscape research in Finland and abroad.

Initial Implementation of the My Heart, My Life Program by the National Heart Foundation of Australia: Pilot Mixed Methods Evaluation Study.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) remains the leading cause of death in Australia, with a high residual risk of repeat events in survivors. Secondary prevention therapy is crucial for reducing the risk of both death and other major adverse cardiac events. The National Heart Foundation of Australia has developed a consumer-facing support program called My Heart, My Life (MHML) to address the gap in the secondary prevention of CHD in Australia. The MHML pilot program supplies advice and support for both patients and their caregivers, and it was conducted over 8 months from November 2019 to June 2020. This study aims to describe and examine the implementation of a novel multimodality secondary CHD prevention pilot program called MHML, which was delivered through booklets, text messages, emails, and telephone calls. This pilot study consists of a mixed methods evaluation involving surveys of participants (patients and caregivers) and health professionals, in-depth interviews, and digital communication (SMS text message, electronic direct mail, and call record analytics). This study was performed in people older than 18 years with acute coronary syndrome or angina and their caregivers in 38 Australian hospitals from November 2019 to June 2020 through the National Heart Foundation of Australia web page. The main outcome measures were reach, accessibility, feasibility, barriers, and enablers to implementation of this program. Of the 1004 participants (838 patients and 164 caregivers; 2 missing), 60.9% (608/1001) were males, 50.7% (491/967) were aged between 45 and 64 years, 27.4% (276/1004) were from disadvantaged areas, 2.5% (24/946) were from Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander background, and 16.9% (170/1004) reported English as their second language. The participants (patients and their caregivers) and health professionals reported high satisfaction with the MHML program (55/62, 88.7% and 33/38, 87%, respectively). Of the 62 participants who took the survey, 88% (55/62) used the text messaging service and reported a very high level of satisfaction. Approximately 94% (58/62) and 89% (55/62) of the participants were satisfied with the quick guide booklets 1 and 2, respectively; 79% (49/62) were satisfied with the monthly email journey and 71% (44/62) were satisfied with the helpline calls. Most participants reported that the MHML program improved preventive behaviors, that is, 73% (45/62) of them reported that they maintained increased physical activity and 84% (52/62) reported that they maintained a healthy diet even after the MHML program. The findings of our pilot study suggest that a multimodal support program, including digital, print, phone, and web-based media, for the secondary prevention of CHD is useful and could be a potential means of providing customized at-scale secondary prevention support for survivors of acute coronary syndrome.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Live Musical Theater-Based Approach to Child Sexual Abuse Prevention in Elementary Schools

ABSTRACT Hugs and Kisses is a theater-based child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention program designed for children in kindergarten through fifth grades. The purpose of this cross-sectional case study is to evaluate how a comprehensive live musical theater program can prepare teachers to discuss and identify the signs of CSA, help children increase their knowledge, and learn prevention strategies to stop CSA in the future. A total of 154 teachers and 2,700 children from 31 schools participated in this program during 2016. Findings show this program increases children’s awareness of touch and action knowledge through five primary safety lessons taught during the program and reinforced by a teacher led in-person discussion after the play. Nearly 85% of the students across all grade levels in this sample understood the lessons taught in the play, and students whose teachers held an in-class discussion after the play scored better than those students whose teachers did not hold a discussion. Teachers who were prepared with training resources also held longer in-class discussions compared to those who were not prepared. The Hugs play has the potential to be a national model for evidence-based CSA programs.

Federal work life programs and generational perception: an exploratory study using evidence from OPM’s work life survey

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the work-life needs of all public sector employees is key to revitalizing government agencies and the services they deliver. Using the U.S. Office of Personnel Management’s very first Federal Work Life Survey (2018), this study examines intergenerational variations of perceived satisfaction from federal work-life programs, supervisory support to participate in federal work life programs, and the moderating effect of work-life programs on an employee’s intention to leave. Our study confirms the existence of generational differences amongst millennials, generation X, baby boomers, and traditionalists and highlights the benefits of work-life programs for employees across generations, with particular emphasis on their attractiveness to younger workers, and the need to discover and create innovative ways to retain workers across generations in the federal workforce.

3.65 Effectiveness of the Adapt for Life, Suicide Prevention and Depression Awareness Program

3.65 Effectiveness of the Adapt for Life, Suicide Prevention and Depression Awareness Program

Lights, Cameras, Stream: Dietetic Interns' Experiences with Live Virtual Nutrition Education and Food Demonstration Program for Older Adults

Lights, Cameras, Stream: Dietetic Interns' Experiences with Live Virtual Nutrition Education and Food Demonstration Program for Older Adults

Risk management analysis of environmental investment in economic security


 
 
 Biodiversity loss is irreversible and demands investment in organizational measures for environmental protection and effective risk management of relevant financial investments to ensure national economic security. This research analyzes the directions of investment support for economic security based on rational interaction between society and ecosystems. The goal of this article is to identify the main directions of anthropogenic impact on the environment and the interdependence of improving ecological indicators through investment activities in the corresponding direction to ensure economic security. The study examines investment directions in environmental protection within the LIFE program projects to prevent negative cause-and-effect effects from the implementation of natural innovations. The maximization of the EU’s efforts in ecosystem restoration and protection is identified to mitigate investment risks by promoting the adoption of innovations across a wider range of societal spheres. It is estimated that during the period from 2018 to 2022, there was an increase in investment in environmental protection by approximately 18%, resulting in areduction in emissions intensity by 22.9% by economic activity types from 2016 to 2021, and the average CO2 emissions indicator contributed to a decrease by 1.1%. Investing in the environment requires continuous adaptation to changing external conditions and requires adjustments to reduce risk threats, such as unforeseen consequences of financial investments in certain economic sectors, shifts in societal behavior, and unexpected ecosystem impacts. However, effective management of investment risks is a potential for the development of environmental investment activities, such as the implementation and support of sustainable innovations (transition to eco-friendly construction, reforestation, raw material certification).
 
 

Implementation of a Cancer Education Program in Rural Counties with the Lowest HPV Vaccination Rates and Health Rankings.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI). To address STIs, one rural county public school district developed a series of Family Life Programs to educate pre-teens about pertinent health information. The Schooling Cancer Program (SCP) was developed in partnership with the local Cancer Research and Resource Center to raise awareness about cancer risk factors including HPV-related cancers and HPV prevention methods. We collected a post-evaluation survey from students who attended a SCP session at one of the targeted middle schools. The SCP educated students about topics focusing on healthy lifestyles. The survey asked students' knowledge on the SCP topics, HPV knowledge, tobacco usage, and factors that reduced cancer development. 87% agreed that tobacco products are associated with cancer, and 81% did not agree that E-cigarettes are scientifically proven to be safer than cigarettes. Although we do not have pre-evaluation data about these students' HPV knowledge, our evaluation survey shows that 80% of students correctly identified HPV as the most common STI, and 84% of students correctly identified the factors that decrease their risk of developing cancer. Through this initiative, students learned essential health concepts and HPV-related risk factors.

Interlingual live subtitling: the crossroads between translation, interpreting and accessibility

AbstractWhereas prototypical conceptions of translation and interpreting as two separate and distinct entities are still being upheld in different contexts, the professional reality shows a less clear-cut picture. Given the relentless advancement of technological innovation and the important role played by (media) accessibility in society, translation, interpreting and accessibility are in a state of flux, with increasingly blurring boundaries between them. Interpreting is not only concerned with spoken and signed modalities, but also with written target texts, which links it to audio–visual translation. In turn, audio–visual translation is no longer only about dubbing and subtitling films from one language to another. It now covers the provision of intra- and interlingual translation for live programmes and live events for users who have no access to the original version (be it for linguistic, sensory-related or other reasons). Speech-to-text interpreting (STTI), also referred to as live subtitling, is a communication-enabling service that allows the production of written access to live events or programmes for people with and without hearing loss. It thus brings together translation, interpreting and accessibility. The aim of this paper is to introduce STTI for readers who may not be familiar with it and to delve into interlingual live subtitling (ILS), and more specifically to explore the research carried out to date about this new technique, its professional development and the way in which it is being trained.

From Home to Corner Office: How Work–Life Programs Influence Women's Managerial Representation in Japan

Although researchers have suggested that work–life programs (WLPs) help increase the representation of women in management (WIM), stigmatization and gender stereotyping can prevent this beneficial effect. We adopt a contingency approach by taking the roles of time, gender context, and the purposes of different practices into consideration and examine the effects of WLPs on WIM longitudinally. Our analysis of a sample of Japanese public firms spanning 14 years addresses endogeneity concerns and shows that: (1) increases in WLPs are weakly associated with subsequent increases in the proportion of WIM within firms; (2) this positive effect is stronger in organizations where the percentage of female employees is growing; and (3) there is no evidence to suggest an effect in the opposite direction. We further propose different temporal patterns by which the effects of flexibility practices (e.g., remote work) and resource practices (e.g., childcare benefits) emerge due to the varying degree of changes in job structures and work norms involved in their implementation. Our analysis provides supportive evidence that the effects of flexibility practices that require more changes inconveniencing decision-makers, users, and coworkers take longer to emerge compared to resource practices that incur fewer changes and inconveniences. These findings contribute to a more detailed understanding of the WLPs–WIM relationship and offer insights for research on WLPs and women's career advancement.

Ask a Neoliberal An Interview with J. Bradford DeLong

Abstract: An economist at UC Berkeley and former member of the Clinton administration, DeLong now views the neoliberal project as a failure. But in 1999 he said it was “the only live utopian program in the world today.” We talked about neoliberalism’s origins, the sources of its appeal, and whether we have really moved beyond it.

Micronutrients in early life and offspring metabolic health programming: a promising target for preventing non-communicable diseases.

Chronic non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Developing and implementing effective preventive strategies is the best way to ensure the overall metabolic health status of the population and to counter the global burden of non-communicable diseases. Predisposition to obesity and other non-communicable diseases is due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors throughout life, but the early environment, particularly the environment during the fetal period and the early years of life, is crucial in determining metabolic health, hence the concept of 'fetal programming'. The origins of this causal link between environmental factors and disease lie in epigenetic mechanisms. Among the environmental factors, diet plays a crucial role in this process. Substantial evidence documented the key role of macronutrients in the programming of metabolic diseases early in life. Recently, the effect of maternal micronutrient intake on offspring metabolic health in later life emerged. The purpose of this narrative review is to bring to light available evidence in the literature on the effect of maternal micronutrient status on offspring metabolic health and underlying epigenetic mechanisms that drive this link to highlight its potential role in the prevention of non-communicable diseases.