Russia is one of the unique countries in the world, whose history is full of events that not only testified and testify to its heroic past and present, but also unfolded the course of its development in diametrically opposite directions, as it was at the beginning and at the end of the twentieth century (1917 - the beginning of the construction of a new socialist society, the emergence of the USSR in 29.12.1922; the collapse of the USSR in 26.12.1991 and the following transition of society to the capitalist path of development). These changes could not but affect the social institutions existing in society, which had to adapt to the changing external environment, find resources for effective functioning in order to achieve the goals set for society. And in all these processes, no matter how trivial it may sound, a person (in the collective sense of the word) played an important role. The social practices implemented by him, inclusiveness or detachment from the processes taking place in society depended on his value orientations and life attitudes. That is why education, considered by us as a social institution that performs, along with other functions, one of the main ones - the formation of value attitudes - deserves close attention and study. The dynamics of the changing conditions mentioned above predetermined the nomination of new tasks that arose in front of the domestic social institute of education, and the results of their solution manifested (and continue to manifest themselves) at all levels of society (macro-, meso- and micro-). The consideration of the domestic social institute of education in the projection of a causal relationship with the events taking place in the world and in society (Soviet and modern Russian) in the modes of social time was the subject of the study, the results of which are proposed in this article. The directions of further development of the domestic social institute of education are analyzed within the framework of its modification in accordance with the requirements of modern Russian society, which defends its sovereignty and independence in the international arena and strives to consolidate positions in all spheres (of science, engineering and technology), allowing to solve the tasks set in the international arena and within the country, achieving an increase in the level and quality of life of the population.
Read full abstract