Library Plus Research Articles

Revisión sistemática de las propiedades psicométricas de las escalas de valoración de la enfermedad de Parkinson: riesgo de caídas, congelaciones y otras alteraciones en la marcha y el control postural

ObjectiveTo review the psychometric properties of the scales that assess gait and balance in patients with Parkinson's disease and others used to measure risk of falls and freezings of gait. Searching strategiesThe following databases were reviewed: Cochrane Library Plus, Cuiden, Dialnet, Medes, Ebscohost (Medline y E-Journals), PEDro, Proquest Central, Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Knowledge (WOK). Applying the search limits, 86studies were obtained.Selection of studies After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24studies remained, these including 18scales. Synthesis of results and conclusionsThe FGA was the scale that received the most positive psychometric ratings (5values), followed by BESTest, MiniBESTest, and BBS with 4 positive ratings. Most of the scales evaluated showed consistent values for reliability, validity and internal consistency, the agreement coefficients, sensitivity and specificity and floor and ceiling effects being the least studied criteria.

Eficacia de las ondas de choque como método de tratamiento en espolón calcáneo

ObjectiveTo know the clinical effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave treatment as treatment of the heel spur and analyze the methodological quality of the articles. Study search and selection strategy78 publications were identified by electronic search in the databases MEDLINE, Dialnet, Cochrane Library Plus and PEDro and CSIC. Inclusion criteria were articles published from January 2000 to January 2013, controlled and clinical trials. Exclusion criteria were articles that studied heel spur from another point of view and in which the physiotherapy used was not shockwave. ResultsFive studies were included in the review. Two of them had a methodological quality of 5 and 6 (PEDro scale). The other three could not be evaluated because they lacked a control group. ConclusionsThe results of the review suggest that the use of extracorporeal shockwave treatment can improve pain and functional status in patients with heel spur. More studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of the extracorporeal shockwave treatment on the heel spur.

Escalas de valoración del dolor en pacientes con demencia. Instrumentos de ayuda para el fisioterapeuta, el médico, el enfermero y el terapeuta ocupacional

The purpose of this study was to determine which scales are being used to evaluate pain in old people suffering from dementia.A search strategy was developed to retrieve all articles (randomized controlled trials and clinical trials without randomization) published in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library Plus, PEDro and Dialnet and BMC Geriatrics from January 2000 to January 2012. Exclusion criteria were articles that did not use scales for evaluating pain in elderly patients suffering from dementia, and other type of articles (case studies, reviews…). Finally, 13studies were included in this review.From the results obtained it appears that more studies are needed to confirm the pain scales used for the elderly suffering from dementia. Observational scales may be useful to evaluate pain in these patients.

Eficacia de la hipertermia como tratamiento en las tendinopatías

ObjectiveTo evaluate, based on the recently published studies, the clinical effectiveness of hyperthermia as treatment of tendinopathies and to analyze the methodological quality of the articles. Study search and selection strategyA total of 38 publications were identified by electronic search in the following databases: MEDLINE, Dialnet, Cochrane Library Plus and PEDro, CSIC and CINAHL. Inclusion criteria were: articles published from January 2002 to January 2012, controlled trails and clinical cases. Exclusion criteria were articles studying tendinopathy from another approach: i.e. physiotherapy other than deep diathermy, and those that did not correspond to the typology of studies included. ResultsThree articles were included in this review. Mean methodological quality of the studies included was 8.6 points on the PeDro scale. ConclusionsIt seems that using the hyperthermia technique improves pain and functional status in these patients. More studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of hyperthermia on tendinopathies.

Tratamientos fisioterápicos para pacientes con hombro doloroso tras un accidente cerebrovascular. revisión sistemática

ObjectiveTo determine which physiotherapy treatments are more effective in the prevention and treatment of hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) based on current scientific evidence. Search strategyA systematic review of controlled trials was conducted in the PubMed, PEDro, Cochrane Library Plus, SCOPUS, Web of Knowledge databases as well as a manual searching. Screening of studiesA total of 16 studies included physiotherapy treatments were included. Synthesis of the resultsBased on the analysis of 16 studies, the following physiotherapy technique considered effective in relieving shoulder pain were found: shoulder strapping, aromatherapy acupressure, slow-stroke back massage, deep dry needling, cryotherapy, therapeutic robotic system, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, functional electrical stimulation and therapy based on the Bobath concept. ConclusionAlthough there is controversy regarding the use of functional electrical stimulation, the favorable outcome of other treatments mentioned suggests that physical therapy is essential to prevent or treat the HSP.

Escalas utilizadas para valorar el dolor en niños de 0-24 meses tras una intervención quirúrgica menor. Instrumentos de ayuda para la valoración en fisioterapia

ObjectiveTo know, based on the most recent studies published, the scales that are being used to evaluate pain in infants. Search and study selectionSeventy-five publications were identified by electronic search using the databases MEDLINE, ISI of Knowledge, Dialnet, Cochrane Library Plus and PEDro. Inclusion criteria were articles published from January 1995 to January 2012 in English or Spanish that included scales to assess pain after minor surgery in infants of 0-24 months. Exclusion criteria established were articles on any other type of patients not included in the established age range. ResultsFour articles with variable methodological quality and sample size heterogeneity were included. Their authors used different observational scales that show positive data for pain detection. ConclusionsMore studies are needed to determine the scales used most in the evaluation of pain in infants from 0 to 24 months after minor surgery. It seems that the use of observational scales may detect pain in this type of patients.

Functional Outcomes after Stabilization with Dynesys in Patients with Spinal Degenerative Diseases

Objective: To know the impact of the Dynesys system on the functional outcomes in patients with spinal degenerative diseases. Summary of background data: Dynesys system has been proposed as an alternative to vertebral fusion for several spinal degenerative diseases. The fact that it has been used in people with different diagnosis criteria using different tools to measure clinical outcomes makes very difficult unifying the results available nowadays. Methods: The data base of Medlars Online International Literature (MEDLINE) via PubMed©, EMBASE©, and the Cochrane Library Plus were reviewed in search of all the studies published until November 2012 in which an operation with Dynesys in patients with spinal degenerative diseases and an evaluation of the results by an analysis of functional outcomes had taken place. No limits were used to article type, date of publication or language. Results: A total of 134 articles were found, 26 of which fulfilled the inclusion criteria after being assessed by two reviewers. All of them were case series, except for a multicenter randomized clinical trial (RCT) and a prospective casecontrol study. The selected articles made a total of 1507 cases. The most frequent diagnosis were lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS), degenerative disc disease (DDD), degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) and lumbar degenerative scoliosis (LDS). In cases of lumbar spinal canal stenosis Dynesys was associated to surgical decompression. Several tools to measure the functional disability and general health status were found. Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the ODI Korean version (K-Odi), Prolo, Sf-36, Sf-12, Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ), and the pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were the most used. They showed positive results in all cases series reviewed. In most studies the ODI decreased about 25% (e.g. from a score of 85% to 60%). Better results when dynamic fusion was combined with nerve root decompression were found. Functional outcomes and leg pain scores with Dynesys were statistically non-inferior to posterolateral spinal fusion using autogenous bone. When Dynesys and decompression was compared with posterior interbody lumbar fixation (PLIF) and decompression, differences in ODI and VAS were not statistically significant. Conclusions: In patients with spinal degenerative diseases due to degenerative disc disorders, spinal canal stenosis and degenerative spondylolisthesis, surgery with Dynesys and decompression improves functional outcomes, decreases disability, and reduces back and leg pain. More studies are needed to conclude that dynamic stabilization is better than posterolateral and posterior interbody lumbar fusion. Studies comparing Dynesys with decompression against decompression alone should be done in order to isolate the effect of the dynamic stabilization.

Proposition and Application of Mapping System for Input Data between Open BIM Data and Building Energy Simulation Software - Focused on Building Material Library and Energy Plus -

With the increasing interest in green building and BIM, many studies on BIM-based energy simulation are being conducted in Korean AEC industry recently. One of the biggest issues in current studies is the trouble with interoperability of data between BIM modeling software and BIM-based energy simulation software. The purpose of this study is to establish a Proposition and Application of Mapping System for Input Data between Open BIM Data and Building Energy Simulation Software. For this, the authors analyzed various BIM-based energy software after the overview of Open BIM and energy simulation. In following phases, a mapping system was Proposed first, and an integrated material library was also generated through the system. Finally, the authors developed a IDF-Convertor which allows management, exchange, and sharing of data between IFC and BIM-based energy simulation software. The result of this study would enable the energy simulation using IFC format, which might be considered difficult before. The use of IFC would allow energy software to utilize much data from other fields as well as material data, and so, help energy simulation advance in the future.

Cáncer por contaminación química del agua de consumo humano en menores de 19 años: una revisión sistemática

To evaluate the association between exposure to the main chemical contaminants in drinking water and the rise in cancer cases among the population under age 19. A systematic review was undertaken of the scientific literature compiled in the MEDLINE (via PubMed©), EMBASE©, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library Plus, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), SCOPUS, and SCIRUS databases. The descriptors used were "neoplasms" and "water pollution, chemical," limited to studies that included people under age 19. Articles selected were of any type in any language, from the inception of the indexing of the primary source until March of 2011. The search generated 266 articles, from which 20 were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Drinking water contaminants analyzed were arsenic, disinfection byproducts, nitrogen compounds, petroleum derivatives, agricultural pesticides, radionuclides, and others of industrial origin. The majority of the studies did not find a significant link between exposure to drinking water contaminants and the increase in cancer cases in the under-19 population segment. In some of the studied populations a significant dose-response relationship was observed. Taking into account that the articles located were insufficiently up-to-date, more studies are required in order to know the effect of drinking water contamination on cancer rates, in particular among children and youths, who are more susceptible.

Scientific evidence and recommendations on vision screening

There is controversy on when and in who recommend visual screening, the aim of this paper is to assess the level of evidence on the topic and compare it with current recommendations. Systematic review of scientific papers searching in Medline and Cochrane Library Plus, without date limit and only papers in English and Spanish. Grey literature accessed through manual search, no restrictions were made by study design. There is a great variability in recommendations ranging from very restrictive to very lax. The vast majority were through clinical practice guidelines or opinion papers. The scientific paper identified, 2 were RCT, 3 non controlled trials, and one cross-sectional. Professional associations should use scientific arguments instead of corporative ones. The studies on adults don't allow to determine if the recommendation made by associations are evidence based. In the case of children, the studies and the recommendations give no information on what is the ideal age to perform the screening.

Cáncer por contaminación química del agua de consumo humano en menores de 19 años: una revisión sistemática

To evaluate the association between exposure to the main chemical contaminants in drinking water and the rise in cancer cases among the population under age 19.A systematic review was undertaken of the scientific literature compiled in the MEDLINE (via PubMed©), EMBASE©, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library Plus, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), SCOPUS, and SCIRUS databases. The descriptors used were "neoplasms" and "water pollution, chemical," limited to studies that included people under age 19. Articles selected were of any type in any language, from the inception of the indexing of the primary source until March of 2011.The search generated 266 articles, from which 20 were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Drinking water contaminants analyzed were arsenic, disinfection byproducts, nitrogen compounds, petroleum derivatives, agricultural pesticides, radionuclides, and others of industrial origin. The majority of the studies did not find a significant link between exposure to drinking water contaminants and the increase in cancer cases in the under-19 population segment. In some of the studied populations a significant dose-response relationship was observed.Taking into account that the articles located were insufficiently up-to-date, more studies are required in order to know the effect of drinking water contamination on cancer rates, in particular among children and youths, who are more susceptible.

Intervenciones eficaces para reducir el absentismo del personal de enfermería hospitalario

ObjectivesTo select and summarize the interventions that have proved effective in reducing absenteeism among hospital nurses. MethodsA scoping review was conducted through a literature search using Medline, Web of Science, Cinahl, Embase, Lilacs, Cuiden and Cochrane Library Plus databases. Of a total of 361 articles extracted, 15 were finally selected for this review. ResultsThe implementation of multifaceted support or physical training programs can produce positive results in terms of reducing absenteeism among hospital nurses. Cognitive-behavioral type interventions require studies with larger samples to provide conclusive results. Establishing more flexible working shifts may also reduce absenteeism rates, although again studies with larger samples are needed. Programs aimed at managing change developed by nurses themselves, participatory management of professional relations, the support provided by supervisors who are opposed to hierarchical leadership styles, and wage supplements that reward the lack of absence can also reduce these types of indicators. ConclusionsAbsenteeism can be considered as a final result and a consequence of the level of job satisfaction. The effectiveness of interventions to reduce absenteeism among hospital nurses will no doubt largely depend on the ability of these interventions to increase the job satisfaction of these workers.

La rehabilitación y fisioterapia domiciliaria en las prótesis de rodilla

This review analyzes the existing studies on home care rehabilitation and physiotherapy in patients with a knee prosthesis intervention, identifying and synthesising the results of the interventions measured in terms of muscular strength, function, extension of the joint, walking, patient's quality of life and cost of the service, compared with other alternative treatments. Nine databases have been analysed: IME, ENFISPO, CUIDEN PLUS, PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, COCHRANE library Plus and TRIP DATA BASE where 18 studies met the criteria for inclusion with information on 4,996 patients. Home care rehabilitation varies from one place to another and between studies (forms of care, application, duration, variable measures); but the idea is supported that this is as effective and acceptable as that received in an outpatients' department. It accelerates the attainment of functional achievements in the short and medium term, entailing very brief hospital stays and a reduction in costs.

Conocimiento enfermero sobre hipotermia inducida tras parada cardiorrespiratoria: revisión bibliográfica

ObjectivesThis paper aims to conduct a review of current scientific evidence on therapeutic hypothermia (TH) induced after cardiac arrest (CA).To examine the published literature; existing nursing knowledge; and the pursuit of the proper role of nursing. BackgroundCA is a problematic health status with a high associated mortality rate. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) techniques have increased the number of patients who recover spontaneous circulation, whereas, mortality in intensive care units (ICU) arising from the neurological damage produced, remains very high. Induced TH is defined as a protective factor against neurological damage resulting from the CA and CPR, but despite the recommendations on its use in the management of post-cardiac arrest syndrome, there is little rigour in its use, little nurse standardisation, and a lack of protocols in our ICU. Search strategyThe databases which can be accessed are: Medline, Pubmed, Ocenet Health, Cochrane Library Plus, Cuiden, Scielo, and electronic platforms Elsevier, OVID and ProQuest. The following keywords were used to start the search: “Hypothermia, Induced”, “Heart Arrest”, “Nursing”.Inclusion and exclusion criteria: only evidence published since 2005, regardless of the output language, focusing on those works involving nursing. ConclusionsThis work shows clear evidence of the use of TH induced after CA, and the literature and knowledge required for nursing to interpret their own role, and to introduce standardised protocols for ICUs.

Etiquetado y rotulación de los alimentos en la prevención del sobrepeso y la obesidad: una revisión sistemática

This article reports on a systematic review of articles on food labeling and the prevention of obesity and overweight, in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Library Plus, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, LILACS, and CINAHL databases. The DeCS/MeSH descriptors were obesity and food labeling. 207 articles were retrieved. Using inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 articles were selected: 11 were on food labeling and its impact on final food product consumption; 2 were on fast food establishments; 1 on sensory attributes as compared to health recommendations; and 2 on follow-up of interventions. Labeling has a positive effect on final food product consumption, in contrast with fast food restaurants. Sensory attributes were more effective than recommendations on the labels. Follow-up of interventions confirmed the long-term effect of the target interventions.

Systematic review of the use of fibrin sealant in abdominal-wall repair surgery

Our objective was to analyze the advantages and inconveniences associated with the use of fibrin sealant compared with mechanical means for mesh fixation following abdominal-wall surgery. Literature search was conducted in MedLine, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library Plus databases. Articles were randomized clinical trials, nonrandomized comparative studies, and case series containing at least ten patients. The fibrin sealant was shown to be biocompatible with the surrounding tissue. In patients treated with fibrin sealant, lower prevalence of acute and chronic postoperative pain was observed, and less hemorrhagic complications occurred. There are no data on the influence of fibrin sealant on seroma decrease. Efficiency in experimental models was similar to that observed for mechanical methods of fixation. Also, adhesions with fibrin sealant were less than that for mechanical methods. Compared with mechanical methods, fibrin sealant is an efficacious alternative for mesh fixation postsurgery of the abdominal wall.

Systematic review: Safety and efficacy of anti-TNF in elderly patients

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the safety and efficacy of anti-TNF treatments in elderly patients with rheumatic diseases is similar than the safety and efficacy of the same drugs in younger patients. MethodsSystematic review. We performed a systematic search in MEDLINE (Pubmed), EMBASE (Ovid), and the Cochrane Library Plus. Abstracts published in the American and European rheumatology congresses and articles in Reumatología Clínica were also reviewed. ResultsTen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Studies show a similar efficacy in elderly and younger patients. The differences between the young and the elderly regarding DAS28 reductions before and after are very small: 0.04 in the Geneway et al study and 0.0 in the Mariette et al study, as well as in the before and after HAQ: 0.04 (Geneway et al), 0.18 (Schiff et al) and 0.06 (Mariette et al).Adverse events reported in elderly and younger patients are 83.3% and 77.1% respectively with etanercept, as reported by Fleischmann; 27.2% vs 12.5%, P=.19, as reported by Chevillotte, and the rate of withdrawal due to an adverse event was 57,8% vs 29,2% with infliximab, P=.03, 36% vs 15% P=.06 with adalimumab and 10,3% and 9,5%, with no significant P value, as reported by Massara. ConclusionsThe information to assess the efficacy and safety of anti-TNF therapy in elderly patients was obtained in all cases from sub analyses and therefore bias is possible. We can say, with a low to moderate level of evidence, that elderly patients undergoing anti-TNF treatments have a higher number of adverse events, and similar efficacy, when compared with younger patients.

Information needs of health technology assessment units and agencies in Spain

The aim of this study was to analyze the information needs of Spanish health technology assessment (HTA) agencies and units to facilitate access to the resources they require to substantiate their reports. A questionnaire was designed and distributed among HTA bodies to ascertain the actual situation of subscriptions to information resources and what information specialists from these bodies considered would be the ideal subscription situation. Their information needs were then studied, and the resources that best met these needs were put forward. Following this definition, a subscriptions policy was adopted with suppliers and publishers. The survey showed that HTA bodies share a minimum of core subscriptions that includes open sources (MEDLINE, DARE) and sources that the government subscribes to for the health community (ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library Plus). There was no common approach to determining which databases to subscribe to (UpToDate, EMBASE, Ovid EBMR, CINAHL, or ECRI). After identifying the information needs, a list of resources was proposed that would best cover these needs and, of these, subscription to the following was proposed: Scopus, Ovid EBMR, Clinical Evidence, DynaMed, ECRI, and Hayes. There are differences in the way that HTA agencies and units access the different resources of biomedical information. Combined subscription to several resources for documentation services was suggested as a way of resolving these differences.

Revisión sistemática: eficacia y seguridad del tratamiento anti-TNF en pacientes ancianos

Objective To evaluate whether the safety and efficacy of anti-TNF treatments in elderly patients with rheumatic diseases is similar than the safety and efficacy of the same drugs in younger patients. Methods Systematic review. We performed a systematic search in MEDLINE (Pubmed), EMBASE (Ovid), and the Cochrane Library Plus. Abstracts published in the American and European rheumatology congresses and articles in Reumatología Clínica were also reviewed. Results Ten studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Studies show a similar efficacy in elderly and younger patients. The differences between the young and the elderly regarding DAS28 reductions before and after are very small: 0.04 in the Geneway et al study and 0.0 in the Mariette et al study, as well as in the before and after HAQ: 0.04 (Geneway et al), 0.18 (Schiff et al) and 0.06 (Mariette et al).Adverse events reported in elderly and younger patients are 83.3% and 77.1% respectively with etanercept, as reported by Fleischmann; 27.2% vs 12.5%, p=0.19, as reported by Chevillotte, and the rate of withdrawal due to an adverse event was 57,8% vs 29,2% with infliximab, p=0.03, 36% vs 15% p=0.06 with adalimumab and 10,3% and 9,5%, with no significant p value, as reported by Massara. Conclusions The information to assess the efficacy and safety of anti-TNF therapy in elderly patients was obtained in all cases from sub analyses and therefore bias is possible. We can say, with a low to moderate level of evidence, that elderly patients undergoing anti-TNF treatments have a higher number of adverse events, and similar efficacy, when compared with younger patients.

Revisión sistemática sobre el efecto analgésico de la crioterapia en el manejo del dolor de origen músculo esquelético

Introduction Cryotherapy is an alternative to Superficial Thermotherapy based on the application of cold as a therapeutic agent, although it is quite clear it is widely used for pain relief. However, only relies on indirect mechanisms of action and without a scientific basis to support its clinical application. Based on this an analysis will be made of the evidence regarding the effectiveness of Cryotherapy by means of a Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Objective To determine if there is scientific evidence to endorse the analgesic effect of Cryotherapy for the management of Musculoskeletal Pain. Strategy of Search The words/phrases included in the search were, Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), Systematic Reviews (SR) and Metaanalysis (MT), the databases used were: MEDLINE/PubMed, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, Biomed Central, Cochrane Library Plus and DARE. Results We selected a total of eight studies, including Randomized Controlled Trials and Systematic Reviews. Conclusions There is moderate evidence supporting that the use of Cryotherapy reduces pain and improves recovery times in ankle sprain and soft tissue injuries associated with sport, but there is limited evidence for its use in Knee Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Low Back Pain Syndrome.