Object Library Research Articles

개방형BIM기반 에너지 성능평가를 위한 시범 객체라이브러리 구축 및 호환성 검증에 관한 연구

In response to the increasing severity of environmental pollution, the energy-efficient designs that minimize carbon emissions have been increasingly discussed. After the increasing adoption of Building Information Modeling(BIM), various domestic and international attempts for BIM-based energy performance assessments have been investigated, but most of them have generated various problems from the lack of data interoperability. It makes users inefficient with inputting again the building information which are not compatible at energy analysis phase. Also through energy analysis, the feed-back of results can not be applied bidirectionally for back to the early modeling phase. The purpose of this study is to suggest improvement of interoperability for open BIM-based building energy assessment through object library system. To achieve this purpose, the authors have constructed the object material library based on ASHRAE Handbook reflected domestic material classification system and developed module for pre-checking and modification of material information in energy performance assessment. This study could reduce confusions from different processes and environments and offer the confidence to user. Furthermore as the alternative to lack of data interoperability, the object material library applied domestic state and ASHRAE Handbook can be reliable.

Synthetic CharacteristicsOf Traditional Historic Houses Entrances In Old City Of Mosul

The traditional and heritage houses of Mosul old city have significant architectural value represented by their distinctive characteristics. The main entrances and gates of these buildings with their constructed features located in touch with alleys indicate the building importance and identify the social level of their residents. The paper aims to define the synthetic characteristics and relations of the detailed structural elements constituting the main entrances of the traditional houses in Mosul old city, by gathering, analyzing and classifying these elements in categories according to their architectural details and materials, in order to employ them in providing a digital data base to be used in documentation, reconstruction and conservation activities. The paper also aims to present guidelines and recommendations for creating the virtual objects library for the entire architectural elements of the building in Mosul old city. Research results showthe great diversity of structural elements and synthetic relationships of the heritage houses entrances in Mosul old city, with high harmony between these various elements, referring to the old architects attempts for enriching and improving the alleys heritage facades using architectural elements details, and systematic construction processes. Keywords: Synthetic characteristics, Entrances, Traditional houses, Built Heritage, Mosul Old City

Share the wealth: Creative Commons licenses for library learning objects

Katie Fortney, Cody Hennesy, and Deborah Murphy Share the wealth Creative Commons licenses for library learning objects E fficiency, openness, sharing, and value: these are the bywords driving higher education today, as evidenced by academia’s increasing focus on online instruction meth- ods ranging from course management sites to MOOCs. Academic libraries are no excep- tion, and we continue to face new questions about how we can make our online instruc- tional tools more useful and accessible. To that end, the University of California (UC) Libraries Heads of Public Services (HOPS) recently charged a taskforce to establish recommendations for assigning clear reuse permissions to UC Libraries’ learning ob- jects; specifically, should the libraries adopt Creative Commons (CC) licenses, and if so, which one(s)? In order to make informed recom- mendations, the HOPS taskforce compiled information on: • the types of works that would be considered learning objects, and therefore covered by this recommendation, and what their chief purposes were; • what practices UC libraries and peer institutions had adopted around reuse poli- cies for similar objects; and • what options—specifically, which CC license terms—were available and what were the implications of their implementa- tion at individual libraries and UC-wide. Library learning objects Library learning objects potentially encom- passes a broad range of works. For our C&RL News July/August 2014 purposes, we considered the term to include any work published online by a library. 1 Examples might include tutorials, text from a LibGuide, or a page on how to write an annotated bibliography. Creators of these works often look at examples from other libraries before and during the writing of their own materials, and sometimes adapt them for reuse at their own institution. Creative Commons license considerations Creative Commons 2 is a global nonprofit organization that provides a set of standard licenses to enable and enhance sharing and reuse of creative works. 3 Users choosing a CC license can select from these terms: • Attribution (BY): You let others copy, distribute, and display your copyrighted work, but only if they give you appropriate credit. All Creative Commons licenses have this requirement, which does not exist in- dependently in US copyright law. • Noncommercial (NC): You let others copy, distribute, and display (and possibly adapt) your work but for noncommercial purposes only. Katie Fortney is copyright policy and education officer at California Digital Library, e-mail: katie.fortney@ucop. edu, Cody Hennesy is e-learning librarian at University of California-Berkeley, e-mail: chennesy@berkeley.edu, and Deborah Murphy is digital services librarian at University of California-Santa Cruz, e-mail: damurphy@ ucsc.edu © 2014 Katie Fortney, Cody Hennesy, and Deborah Murphy

Highway Freight Terminal Facilities Allocation based on Flexsim

For different technical levels of highway freight terminal, you need to allocate the appropriate facilities (such as parking lots, warehouses, loading and unloading areas, roads) to complete the various operations of vehicle and goods in the stations. According to the demand of the facilities’ ratio in the current revision of “classification and construction requirement of highway freight terminal”, the paper uses the flexsim computer simulation technology combined with AutoCAD and 3dsMax design software to simulate the highway freight terminal. A simulation result is given of the area ratio of the different technical levels of highway freight terminal.Flexsim software is a typical integration between virtual reality technology and discrete object-oriented simulation. In order to make the software more suitable for the simulation model of highway freight terminal, this paper comprehensively analysis the mapping relationship of the road freight station facilities and various objects in the flexsim software. By using external drawing software to create 3D models imported into flexsim simulation software, and create highway freight terminal user object libraries in flexsim, such as: truck. This will enable more realistic simulation models of highway freight terminals. In this paper, on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the simulation characteristics of the highway freight terminal and flexsim simulation methods, a typical road freight station is used for an example to establish the simulation models and give a simulation result of the area ratio of the different technical levels of highway freight terminal. Effective technical means to scientific decision-making for the road freight station planning and construction program are provided.

HBIM for Documentation, Dissemination and Management of Built Heritage. The Case Study of St. Maria in Scaria d'Intelvi

The research presented here is carried out within the INTERREG EU project framework, which aims to the valorisation and dissemination of the role of the Church of St. Maria di Scaria (Como, Italy). It mainly focuses on the Carloni's intervention (XVIII century), a local family of craftsmen, famous across many European cities and regions contributing to the construction of monuments and their rich decoration apparatus. The laser scanning and photogrammetric surveys have been integrated with the on-site stratigraphic analysis and with the scarcely available historical documents, in an attempt to focus on the reconstruction of the main transformations and chronological phases: BIM approach has been experimented as a way of transmitting a piece of the history of the church life to the local people and for tourist purposes. A Historic Building Information Modeling (HBIM) has been developed while investigating the potential of an object library specially generated to illustrate the structural elements, the construction technologies, and the decorative layers, along with the critical aspects faced by standard BIM in a complex geometry shift from surface approach to object modeling. The research contributes to the explanation of the sequence and construction technologies adopted for the vault system, the first two vaults of the nave, with respect to the vault covering the altar and the apse. The HBIM approach development is analysed to help the generation of a vocabulary and an abacus of elements to be geographically referenced across Europe to disseminate typical construction elements and skills.

Ease of Reuse: An Empirical Comparison of Components and Objects

The paper presents an empirical study that compares IT professionals' perceptions about the ease of reuse in modeling business systems from component versus object libraries. Results indicate that they perceive components to be much easier to reuse than objects.

Using simulation to optimize transhipment systems: Applications in field

This article presents a new simulation-based meta-model to support logistics providers in sizing transhipment systems. The meta-model is made up of: a user interface with database (where system elements and their parameters are specified); a library of objects (which represent all the elements of the system) and a software application to automatically build the simulation model of the system. The proposed meta-model – through a unique tool – allows service providers to design transhipment systems for various environments, whenever the experience from previous projects is often helpless. The suggested approach has been successfully used in two case-studies: an effective cost analysis has been carried out, by taking into account the expected effects on both revenues and investments; and the robustness of each system’s configuration has been tested by analysing its performance under different levels of various sources of variance.

BioSmalltalk: a pure object system and library for bioinformatics

We have developed BioSmalltalk, a new environment system for pure object-oriented bioinformatics programming. Adaptive end-user programming systems tend to become more important for discovering biological knowledge, as is demonstrated by the emergence of open-source programming toolkits for bioinformatics in the past years. Our software is intended to bridge the gap between bioscientists and rapid software prototyping while preserving the possibility of scaling to whole-system biology applications. BioSmalltalk performs better in terms of execution time and memory usage than Biopython and BioPerl for some classical situations. BioSmalltalk is cross-platform and freely available (MIT license) through the Google Project Hosting at http://code.google.com/p/biosmalltalk hernan.morales@gmail.com Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Non-destructive recognition of dielectric coated conducting objects by using WD type time-frequency transformation and PCA-based fusion

This article demonstrates the applications of a non-destructive electromagnetic target recognition method, called Wigner distribution-principal component analysis (WD-PCA) method, to dielectric coated conducting spheres. These spheres are chosen to be highly similar having the same overall size but slightly different permittivity and thickness values in coating layers. Four different classifiers are simulated by using the WD-PCA method for varying sizes of object libraries under different noise conditions. High correct decision rates are demonstrated even for challenging classifier libraries containing a large number of coated conductors while the method is also shown to be highly robust against noise both in design and test stages. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2013.

An application to calculate the factors which are used to determine the tensile rupture load of a lug under axial, transverse or oblique loading

This work describes a computer application to calculate the values of the factors which are used to determine the tensile rupture load of a lug under axial, transverse or oblique loading. It can be used as a procedure for identifying potential failure modes. Lugs are connector-type elements widely used as structural supports for pin connections in aerospace industry. Failure modes in lugs are functions of lug geometry and material mechanical properties. For a lug under axial load three modes of lug failure are considered: tension, shear and bearing. Under transverse load the load to cause rupture or unacceptable permanent deformation of the lug is given. Tension mode failure usually occurs in materials of low ductility. In materials with high ductility, the failure mode of a lug can be either tensile or shear tear-out, depending on the lug geometry. The application has a graphical interface that allows the user to use them with much ease and view immediately the results and provides a flexible ad-hoc print reports and diagrams that allow to present analysis information. It includes Microsoft Excel Object Library as reference to the Excel material properties file.

A method of 3D object recognition and localization in a cloud of points

The proposed method given in this article is prepared for analysis of data in the form of cloud of points directly from 3D measurements. It is designed for use in the end-user applications that can directly be integrated with 3D scanning software. The method utilizes locally calculated feature vectors (FVs) in point cloud data. Recognition is based on comparison of the analyzed scene with reference object library. A global descriptor in the form of a set of spatially distributed FVs is created for each reference model. During the detection process, correlation of subsets of reference FVs with FVs calculated in the scene is computed. Features utilized in the algorithm are based on parameters, which qualitatively estimate mean and Gaussian curvatures. Replacement of differentiation with averaging in the curvatures estimation makes the algorithm more resistant to discontinuities and poor quality of the input data. Utilization of the FV subsets allows to detect partially occluded and cluttered objects in the scene, while additional spatial information maintains false positive rate at a reasonably low level.

SEMI-AUTOMATIC MODELLING OF BUILDING FAÇADES WITH SHAPE GRAMMARS USING HISTORIC BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING

Abstract. This paper outlines a new approach for generating digital heritage models from laser scan or photogrammetric data using Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM). HBIM is a plug-in for Building Information Modelling (BIM) software that uses parametric library objects and procedural modelling techniques to automate the modelling stage. The HBIM process involves a reverse engineering solution whereby parametric interactive objects representing architectural elements are mapped onto laser scan or photogrammetric survey data. A library of parametric architectural objects has been designed from historic manuscripts and architectural pattern books. These parametric objects were built using an embedded programming language within the ArchiCAD BIM software called Geometric Description Language (GDL). Procedural modelling techniques have been implemented with the same language to create a parametric building façade which automatically combines library objects based on architectural rules and proportions. Different configurations of the façade are controlled by user parameter adjustment. The automatically positioned elements of the façade can be subsequently refined using graphical editing while overlaying the model with orthographic imagery. Along with this semi-automatic method for generating façade models, manual plotting of library objects can also be used to generate a BIM model from survey data. After the 3D model has been completed conservation documents such as plans, sections, elevations and 3D views can be automatically generated for conservation projects.

Historic Building Information Modelling – Adding intelligence to laser and image based surveys of European classical architecture

Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) is a novel prototype library of parametric objects, based on historic architectural data and a system of cross platform programmes for mapping parametric objects onto point cloud and image survey data. The HBIM process begins with remote collection of survey data using a terrestrial laser scanner combined with digital photo modelling. The next stage involves the design and construction of a parametric library of objects, which are based on the manuscripts ranging from Vitruvius to 18th century architectural pattern books. In building parametric objects, the problem of file format and exchange of data has been overcome within the BIM ArchiCAD software platform by using geometric descriptive language (GDL). The plotting of parametric objects onto the laser scan surveys as building components to create or form the entire building is the final stage in the reverse engineering process. The final HBIM product is the creation of full 3D models including detail behind the object’s surface concerning its methods of construction and material make-up. The resultant HBIM can automatically create cut sections, details and schedules in addition to the orthographic projections and 3D models (wire frame or textured) for both the analysis and conservation of historic objects, structures and environments.

The Web Collaborative Content Organiser (Webcoco): A Conceptual Framework for System Development

This paper discusses a conceptual framework for the system development of the web collaborative content organiser (WebCoCo). The conceptual framework of the system focuses on four main elements of learning activities, namely, learning objects, collaborative tasks, reflection and evaluation. The learning object tool consists of a learning object template which allows a course manager to upload relevant resources from the learning object library. These learning objects stored in the library are meta-tagged to allow students to search for the specific ones they require. The collaborative tasks in the system involve the deployment of various tools, namely, concept mapping, problem solving and topic forum tools. Based on the learning objects made available to them, students then work collaboratively to construct the concept map of a particular lesson. The concept map tool encourages students to participate actively in generating relationships from the information they receive from the learning objects thus allowing them to participate in the active process of knowledge construction. The course manager may also launch the topic in the forum board to get the students involved in discussing and exploring the contents and materials learned. These reflection tools in the system allow students to reflect and demonstrate on their understanding of the course content via the development of individual e-portfolios. The e-portfolio provides a learning record and evidence of a student's abilities, achievement and understanding of the course content. In addition, various other interactive evaluation tools, such as the interactive quiz and a library of structured questions with guided answers, are also embedded in the system. These tools allow and facilitate the mastery, comprehension and understanding of the course content by the students.

HISTORIC BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING – ADDING INTELLIGENCE TO LASER AND IMAGE BASED SURVEYS

Abstract. Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) is a novel prototype library of parametric objects based on historic data and a system of cross platform programmes for mapping parametric objects onto a point cloud and image survey data. The HBIM process begins with remote collection of survey data using a terrestrial laser scanner combined with digital photo modelling. The next stage involves the design and construction of a parametric library of objects, which are based on the manuscripts ranging from Vitruvius to 18th century architectural pattern books. In building parametric objects, the problem of file format and exchange of data has been overcome within the BIM ArchiCAD software platform by using geometric descriptive language (GDL). The plotting of parametric objects onto the laser scan surveys as building components to create or form the entire building is the final stage in the reverse engin- eering process. The final HBIM product is the creation of full 3D models including detail behind the object's surface concerning its methods of construction and material make-up. The resultant HBIM can automatically create cut sections, details and schedules in addition to the orthographic projections and 3D models (wire frame or textured).

The grammatical approach: A syntax-directed declarative specification method for XML processing tasks

This paper describes the grammatical approach, an approach to the specification of XML processing tasks based on attribute grammars. This approach describes how to provide task-specific context-free grammars for XML documents, as well as how to decompose complex processing tasks into simpler ones with attribute-grammar fragments. The result is a high-level, syntax-directed declarative specification for the processing of XML documents, which facilitates the development and maintenance of complex XML processing applications while preserving the flexibility of general-purpose XML processing models. The grammatical approach is illustrated using Chasqui, an e-learning platform for building educational digital libraries of learning objects.

An object library approach for managing construction safety components based on BIM

Purpose One of the potential solutions for designers’ lack of safety expertise in design decision is utilizing IPD to allow for constructor input. But how this is to be done is often unclear because few cases from either practice or research can be found. In this study we tried to develop an IPD-method to facilitate ‘safety in design’ with the contractor’s knowledge using an object-oriented programming (OOP) approach for design decision based on BIM. Method Our principal research method is simulation of the decision process in OOP2 in a case study. The integration of contractor’s knowledge in construction safety is achieved by setting parameters for construction safety investment with contractor’s input into a construction safety component library (CSCL) e.g. scaffolds, boards, barriers, etc. under the proposed IPD-framework. Results & Discussion A prototype of CSCL using one OOP-language, C#, is developed in Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 to Autodesk Revit 2012 with a completed construction project for demonstration. The results show that CSCL is a semiautomated tool with contractor’s knowledge of construction safety for design decision. It is consistent with the theory that BIM is not only a type of software but a knowledge repository for in-depth collaboration, information sharing and knowledge re-use among all parties involved in a project. New issues and rethinks including level of detail (LoD) on company’s library, IPDevaluation metrics, and BIM-development method addressing construction safety management, are also recommended in the final part.

Full paper: An object library approach for managing construction safety components based on BIM

Full paper: An object library approach for managing construction safety components based on BIM

Equipment Command Simulation Based on Workflow

Based on the introduction of workflow management software, this paper analyzed the feasibility for simulating Equipment Command Office (ECO) operations with workflow product-LiveFlow. It demonstrated the simulation process and simulation object model (SOM) of ECO explicitly. Consequently, the ECO federate was designed using LiveFlow within HLA infrastructure. The “Human-in-Loop” simulation was realized by invoking the business process object (BPO) library of LiveFlow. This research is significant to the deployment, training and working-efficiency evaluation of ECO staffs. It’s also the foundation of business process reengineering (BPR) of ECO.

Approach to Competence Modelling for Enterprise Knowledge Management

The ability to create new knowledge and to manage it is commonly recognized as one the most important quality of the modern and innovative organization. The management and control of knowledge and skills, and more recently the management of firms' competencies have turned out to be essential factors of industrial processes' performance. In the paper the authors present the method and tools for competency modelling for enterprise knowledge management. Competency modelling allows to management knowledge in the efficient and effective way on the stuff's and project's level. The product of this idea is the concept of the intangible production network for competence development and reusable Competence Object Library.