Library Of Alexandria Research Articles

From Law Firm to Library: Finding a Second Career as a Copyright Specialist

My first job out of law school was as an associate at a big DC law firm, where I rotated through the firm’s pro bono and education practice groups. After a couple of years in DC, I moved to a smaller firm in my home town of Chapel Hill, North Carolina—I learned a lot at the big firm, but I wanted to experience a community law practice where I could see my clients across the desk and advocate for them in a more personal way. I took on a wide variety of cases, and rather serendipitously, while volunteering for the local arts commission, I came to represent several local artists in small-scale copyright matters. My interest in copyright was piqued, and I started looking for ways to incorporate more of this work into my practice. I happen to have a few family members who are librarians, and I live in a town with a great library school. I made appointments to talk with several law librarians and library copyright specialists, and decided to apply to library school. While I was in library school, I interned at two law libraries and also at Duke’s copyright office, and after graduating I was lucky enough to find a job as a copyright librarian. I’ve found that working as a copyright librarian incorporates many of the things I loved about practicing law—my one-on-one copyright consultations with faculty and other members of the campus community have the personal feel of client meetings at a small law firm, while the issues we deal with have the interest and import of big firm matters. I also get to work closely with my general counsel’s office, so I feel well supported on tricky questions. I keep my law license active so that I can volunteer on other issues I care about, such as voting rights. I hope this story will be helpful to anyone currently practicing law who might be interested in finding a fulfilling second career that allows them to use their legal education and practice experience in a new way.

Great Library Events: From Planning to Promoting to Evaluation

Great Library Events: From Planning to Promoting to Evaluation

Grammarians and Emperors

Abstract The Greek γραµµατικός combined several functions: as editor and expounder of texts, linguist, librarian, lecturer, courtier and sometimes as ambassador for his monarch or city. In due course Latin-speaking grammatici applied philological skills developed at Alexandria to their own literature, and served as librarians in the great libraries of the imperial period. The present paper studies some Greek γραµµατικοί active in Rome, particularly Alexander of Cotiaeon, appointed by Antoninus Pius as tutor to the princes Marcus and Lucius, and also the teacher of Aelius Aristides. As Aristides’ tribute to him shows, Alexander was not only a notable critic and influential teacher, but acted as a benefactor (εὐεργέτης) of his native city, in this respect comparable to the sophists who were his contemporaries.

Antičke biblioteke od I do V veka nove ere

In ancient times, libraries were mostly founded by rulers - kings and emperors, owned by writers and philosophers. They were a landmark of larger cities, and the most famous and largest was the library in Alexandria, which was the most talked about, so it is briefly described in the introduction, together with 2 more important ancient libraries founded before Christ. The paper presents in more detail those built in the new era - from the 1st to the 5th century - the Celsius library, the library of Trajan's Forum, the Villa of the Papyri, the Theological Library of Caesarea Maritima and the Imperial Library in Constantinople, These are mainly data on the time and place of construction, the appearance and size of libraries, as well as their end/manner in which they ended their existence.

Аристотель и Птолемей I Сотер

The article discusses the influence of Aristotle on Ptolemy I. It is established that Ptolemy I managed to put into practice the ideas of Aristotle about a virtuous monarch and a state in which citizens lead a contemplative life. The reign of Ptolemy I fully corresponded to Aristotle's ideas of absolute monarchy. According to Aristotle, a monarch can have absolute power only if he has exceptional virtue. According to Aristotle, the main political virtue is prudence. This virtue is associated with making the right decisions in public administration. As we have shown, Ptolemy I was a very prudent monarch who managed to build a strong and prosperous state in Egypt. Also, Ptolemy I brought to life the idea of Aristotle on the establishment of a major research center. The Museum and Library in Alexandria became the place where Greek scientists and philosophers could lead a contemplative life in full accordance with Aristotle's views on the ideal state.

Information Access’s Changing Models from the Library of Alexandria to Google

Information Access’s Changing Models from the Library of Alexandria to Google

Mystery of Sunken Antiquities and its Effect in Promoting Tourism in Egypt: Case Study Alexandria Governorate-

Alexandria is characterized by many tourist attractions such as Qaitbay Castle, The library of Alexandria, the Sawari Column, the Burial chambers of Kom Al-Shoqafa, the Roman Amphitheater, the Temple of El-Ras El-soda, in addition to the sites of sunken antiquities...etc. that lead to the revitalization of the tourist movement in the city. In general, the beaches of Alexandria, particularly Abu Qir Bay and the Eastern Port area, are filled with treasures of sunken antiquities that have been sunk by natural phenomena for 15 centuries, particularly earthquakes that have thrown many of Alexandria’s buildings, palaces, and castles into the sea. Sunken Antiquities in Alexandria are located in eight sites which are the area of Qaitbay, the eastern port and outside the eastern port to Sidi Bishr Beach, the Area of Abu Qir Bay, the site of Nelson Island, and the location of the western port. The main data collection method involved in-depth, semi-structured interviews with government officials and expert divers at main diving centers in Alexandria, and second phase involved three focus groups with tourism companies’ managers. The paper recommends that the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities in cooperation with The Center for Sunken Marine Antiquities in Alexandria should disseminate the archaeological awareness of marine antiquities and how to preserve them in schools, through the presentation of movies about sunken antiquities, and models simulations.

An early colonial thirst for knowledge: Australia's first subscription library

On 26 February 1826, the first subscription library was heralded in Australia, thirty-eight years after the British colony was established. While northern-hemisphere subscription libraries were generally open to the local community, with membership accessible to a range of classes including women, this library was a more exclusive affair. The cost of membership was five guineas; women were not welcomed, and the enterprise was managed by members of the Sydney elite. By the 1830s the library was in trouble with a falling membership, poor accommodation, and dire finances. Eventually the book stock and the premises were purchased by the New South Wales government, forming the Free Public Library of Sydney in 1869. Despite this chequered history from 1826 and throughout the 1830s, the collection was developed through purchases and donations to become the foundation of one of the most important collections in Australia now held at the State Library of New South Wales. The collection contained a standard stock of reference material, classic texts, and serials, reflecting a colonial thirst for knowledge and a desire to create an institution and collection equal to the great libraries of Europe.

Why Have There Been No Great Art Libraries:

Why Have There Been No Great Art Libraries:

The teachings and spiritual rebirth of the great scientist Abu Nasir al-Farabi

The article describes the real biography of the great scientist Abu Nasir al-Farabi. In this regard, al-Farabi decided in the media that education was acquired not in his own country, but abroad in Arab countries. We have proof of how it was not, the knowledge received in their country, on landing. At the time when al-Farabi lived, at the same time, in Central Asia, Otrar, it was noted that culture, science and education were developing ahead of the Arabs, and that he was used to scientific Europeans. It was found that there is an Otrar library, which at that time was ahead of the library of Alexandria. (book Fund, content, etc.). This is almost the author of materials concerning the biography of our ancestor al-Farabi. Al-Farabi’s participation in the music of his ancestor, his writings are deeply interpreted, indicate that the work of scientists who saw his first teacher in this field is a recognized reality in that he is the chief specialist in the field of medicine

Multimedia Role in Virtual Education and Training Via the Electronic Publishing for Animation to Develop the Vision of Sino-Egyptian Education 2030 (An Analytical Study)

This is an analytical study for The Role of multimedia in virtual Learning & Training via Electronic publication of animation to develop Chinese & Egyptian Academic Education view (2030). As The importance of research lies in that it deals with virtual reality as an effective way to simulate reality whatever its circumstances and difficult, through which it can be configured for different environments told the reality of an individual can't be accessed or coexistence with them.As china builds the largest nursery for engineers and scientific researchers in the world .Egypt also has a new vision to develop university education 2030.so both could develop vocational & artificial & technical training and they could have co- projects of education process. For example. Studying sun groups and its plants can't be lived in realistic by the educated student in the university environment, and there is the role of virtual reality in composing an environment similar to this environment. This is actually modelling in Alexandria library, Alex, Egypt to enable the student to interact with it as if in the real environment .This includes the axis of education technology between reality and hope to achieve the vision of China and Egypt in 2030, which dealt with the worksheet on a set of important items, which deals with technological innovations in education technology and computer science educational.

Gratis & Libre: Wikipedia’s role in free and open history production and dissemination

ABSTRACT Wikipedia is by definition an encyclopedia, and the universal scope and availability it promises are ideals-in the pursuit of worldwide access to information. The history of literary production is equally the history of censorship, knowledge suppression, preservation, and material circulation. While widely accessed online sources might appear to have moved beyond these issues, they are in fact part of this complex balance between freedom and restriction. Therefore, it is useful to consider Wikipedia in terms other than as a website-as a library, as a dictionary, as an archive, as a book. In this light, we see that Wikipedia has many precedents in the history of knowledge dissemination and preservation, precedents as diverse as the Library of Alexandria, the Oxford English Dictionary or the Bible. Wikipedia is so different from what has gone before in any one field but so similar to what has happened in different aspects of many fields. This paper discusses how the idea of “free” is related to the production and dissemination of knowledge by looking at methods by which knowledge has historically been curtailed-through copyright; censorship; destruction; price; and language. Wikipedia is the latest in a long line of defenders of the ideal of free knowledge.

The Camel from Alexandria: Egyptian Sources of Ancient Sport*

A widespread system of sporting competitions existed in the Mediterranean world of Greco-Roman antiquity. Egypt played an interesting role in these competitions – and ancient Grecian sport had deep roots there. A variety of Egyptian sources, including papyri, stone inscriptions, and pictorial representations, document these sporting practices. This paper is based on a lecture delivered in 2017 for the opening ceremony of the 18th International Society for the History of Physical Education and Sport Congress at the Alexandria Library in Alexandria, Egypt.

The Library of Alexandria: A Cultural Crossroads of the Ancient World. Edited by ChristopheRico and AncaDan. Pp. xxix, 409, Polis Institute Press, 2017, £54.00.

The Heythrop JournalVolume 62, Issue 2 p. 403-404 Book Review The Library of Alexandria: A Cultural Crossroads of the Ancient World. Edited by Rico, Christophe and Dan, Anca. Pp. xxix, 409, Polis Institute Press, 2017, £54.00. Robin Waterfield, Robin Waterfield Lakonia, GreeceSearch for more papers by this author Robin Waterfield, Robin Waterfield Lakonia, GreeceSearch for more papers by this author First published: 08 March 2021 https://doi.org/10.1111/heyj.13885Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume62, Issue2Special Issue: Classical CultureMarch 2021Pages 403-404 RelatedInformation

Exploring Public Library Identity Through Mission Statements

ABSTRACT Public libraries’ institutional identities inform library strategic planning, including marketing and branding, collection and service development, evaluation, and talent management. While each public library develops a unique identity and brand, this identity is informed by the collective institutional identity of public libraries. This study examined the mission statements of public libraries in Canada and the United States in order to identity the salient aspects of public library identity of modern public libraries. The following identity components were identified: (1) community building, (2) culture and recreation, (3) equitable access, (4) information, (5) positive impact, and (6) stewardship. These identity components are examined in relation to literature on library and librarian professional identity and history. They categories are sufficiently broad to serve as an umbrella for a wide range of public library collections, programs and services. Understanding the collective identity of public libraries allows each public library to situate their unique collections and activities within the greater library community.

Library of Alexandria and the fire that did not destroy it. I: Modern reflections up to Justus Lipsius

This paper (first of two parts) aims to gather the most important testimonies of modern age authors regarding the Library of Alexandria, so that can be observed how the fire in 47 b.C. is considered. The increasing knowledge of the classical texts improves gradually the historical reconstruction of the event and poses new questions. Some variae lectiones from greek and roman authors are also discussed in order to draw more accurate conclusions. Particularly is examined the probable source of the Isidorus’ strange number (70.000) in Or. VI, 3, 5, concerning the amount of books destroyed by the fire.

Demetriusz z Faleronu a organizacja Musejonu w Aleksandrii

The article presents the state of research on the circumstances of the creation of the Alexandrian Mouseion, as well as confronts current opinions on the creation of the Mouseion and the Library of Alexandria with the preserved ancient sources. In particular, the theses about the key role of Demetrius of Phaleron in the organization of the Mouseion and the Library of Alexandria were critically assessed.

Codicological analysis of the work “tahsil nazoiru-l-quraan”

This article discusses the time, copiers, history, peculiarities of manuscripts, papers and size of the manuscript of Hakim Tirmidhi's “Tahsil Nazairi-l-Quraan” kept in the Baladia Library in Alexandria, Egypt, and the second manuscript copiedfrom it, which is kept in Cairo. In addition, the differences between the descriptions of the manuscripts in the catalogs and the discrepancies between the information provided by the researchers about the manuscript were analyzed. It was revealed that the manuscript contained incorrect information as a result of confusing the inverter and serial numbers in the catalog. Research in recent years has also shown that there are some uncertainties. For this purpose, the catalog of the Library of the Municipality of Alexandria, the information provided by Husni Zaidan, who prepared and published the “Tahsil Nazoiri-l-Quraan” for publication; Muhammad Juyushi's research and the information provided by the publishers of other works in the same manuscript also relied on the Cairo copy of the manuscript.

Burning the Books: A History of Knowledge under Attack by Richard Ovenden

Reviewed by: Burning the Books: A History of Knowledge under Attack by Richard Ovenden John Kennedy Ovenden, Richard, Burning the Books: A History of Knowledge under Attack, London, John Murray, 2020; hardcover; pp. 308; 16 b/w illustrations; R.R.P. £20.00; ISBN 9781529378757. The title and subtitle of this book perhaps give a slightly misleading indication of its contents. It is indeed about the frequently deliberate destruction of books and other documents, sometimes involving fire but also military action, religiously inspired vandalism, and (at least in the author's view) 'underfunding, low prioritization and general disregard' (p. 36) in the case of the ancient library of Alexandria. It is not primarily a book about censorship, though of course censorship of knowledge materials and their deliberate destruction are often closely associated. But almost as much as it is about such deliberate destruction it is an account of efforts to prevent it happening. Richard Ovenden is the twenty-fifth Bodley's Librarian in succession to Thomas James at the beginning of the seventeenth century, and thus the director of the Bodleian Libraries at the University of Oxford. His pride in the preservation achievements over four centuries of the library system that he oversees is frequently in evidence, and the book is in part a celebration of the preservation activities of librarians and a plea that they be adequately funded to continue this role. This relatively short history ranges from ancient Assyria to the present. Two chapters are likely to be of particular interest to readers of Parergon. Chapter 3, 'When Books were Dog Cheap', provides a powerful account of the losses when the monasteries of England were dissolved during the Reformation period. Ovenden states that 'in Britain alone, tens of thousands of books were burned or broken up and sold as scrap' (p. 54). Between seventy and eighty per cent of the contents of the pre-Reformation libraries of Britain and Ireland are reliably believed to have been lost. Ovenden's focus is on monasteries, but they were not the only target, and the destruction was not confined to Britain, though the apparently large-scale Continental Reformation period destruction receives only passing mention. He makes the valuable point that we are confronted not only with the total disappearance of works that once existed, but also with the loss of evidence of how widely works were disseminated, what was available where, and what was being read by whom. [End Page 245] Chapter 4, 'An Ark to Save Learning', is largely concerned with the circumstances surrounding the creation and early history of the Bodleian Library, which opened its door to readers in 1602. An apparently fairly impressive predecessor university library had been entirely dismantled by religious reformers in the 1550s, but thanks to the energy of the micromanaging Sir Thomas Bodley (1547–1613) the new library got off to a strong start. In a later chapter we learn that books looted by an English expedition in 1596 from the Bishop of Faro's library in Portugal were among its earliest acquisitions—the Vatican library benefited similarly a few decades later from the looting of a German Protestant prince's library holdings. Other chapters deal with later destruction, but quite frequently mention the loss or timely rescue of medieval and early modern books and manuscripts. The extraordinary recent adventures and eventual survival of the celebrated Sarajevo Haggadah, a fourteenth-century Hebrew manuscript of Spanish origin, are described in a chapter entitled 'Sarajevo Mon Amour', largely devoted to the 1990s war in Bosnia. The final chapter, largely about present-day concerns, begins with an account of the officially mandated burning of John Milton's works in a University of Oxford quadrangle in 1660 following the Restoration, and the brave decision of the then Bodley's Librarian to hide works the poet had presented to the library. This is a work for the general reader, and probably not vital professional reading for those for whom Parergon caters. But despite its librarian's viewpoint (and perhaps a sometimes-obtrusive tendency to boast about what the Bodleian has preserved and still holds!) it is a fascinating and very readable work full of interesting details and observations. In...

From Iology to Toxicology: A new specialization in Ancient Alexandrian School.

Alexandria was both an important city and a place of inspiration in the history of medicine since the 3rd century BC until 7th century AD. Its fertile intellectual and scientific environment gave rise to a radical and new thinking and understanding of the disease process. King Ptolemy I (323-285 BC) established the Museion and the Great Library of Alexandria fabled in Antiquity for its treasures of wisdom. This complex interaction between Greeks and Egyptians before and under the Ptolemies gave scientists an opportunity to live and work under royal patronage with excellent repercussions. Scholars were attracted to take part in scientific research, especially in medicine and mathematics, developing different known areas and programs. Furthermore scholars in Alexandria also brought back new ideas and activities each with specialized knowledge of the subjects. As the medical science of ancient Greece plunged into political decadence and setbacks - scientific work was renewed in this city with the arriving of the greatest minds of the day. The 'Faculty' of Medicine in Alexandria seems to be an integral part of the Mouseion. In the 3rd century BC, the Ptolemaic capital caught the different trends and became the seat of divergent and independent schools. The debt of the Alexandrian physicians to the native Egyptian doctors, highly specialized, was very considerable. Coan school in this time had general professionals who recommended therapeutic and nutricional strategies and diets while Alexandria science provided academic specialization. On the other hand the court physicians, involved in high politics, could be medical specialists meanwhile the teachers of advanced medicine were sometimes left undisturbed in the pursuit of their research. Being able to commit poisoning crimes with drugs by political interests, they were scared of them. Animal and plants toxins became an accepted and divulged study, very fashionable, and Alexandrian school developed scientific research in iology, name given later to this science. Greek sources on toxicology became a special and developed branch in medical literature and from Apollodorus of Tarentum onwards, the father of iology and his book Peri thêriōn, the interest in Greek treatises spread.