Library Discovery Research Articles

Library Carpentry: Towards a New Professional Dimension (Part II – Automatic Authority Control to Enhance Retrieval)

Authority control for bibliographic data management in Indian libraries is generally a neglected area and thereby library OPACs of the country (including OPAC of the National Library) supports only the finding function of a catalogue and not the collocating function. In this context, the part II of the three part series on library carpentry (part I has been published in April issue) is an attempt to apply library carpentry methods in building authority datasets from scratch. It deals with the methodologies for developing authority datasets by applying data wrangling techniques and subsequent transformations of these datasets into ready-to-import MARC 21 format (for authority data). Like the previous part of the series, this research study is also represented through a case study. The case study narrates development of geographic name authority datasets for - states and union territories (level I), districts of India (level II), sub-districts (level III) and community development blocks of India (level IV). It also demonstrates that how the merged geographic name authority file for India can be implemented in an open source ILS and can become instrumental in enhancing retrieval efficiency through geodetic search feature in an open source library discovery system. It concludes that the proposed mechanisms and methodology (supported with proofs of the concept) may lead to a new era of authority-controlled cataloguing in Indian libraries.

On the Origin of Queries: Where Chat Reference Questions Begin

Academic libraries providing chat reference services have a range of options for where and how library users can engage with chat providers. These entry points can be static or proactively invite users into the service. The study compares the URLs from which users entered chat reference at three large public research libraries in the United States. The URLs show where users were when they sought assistance with library tasks. This exploratory investigation is important for extending knowledge of user help-seeking behavior and how chat service configuration may impact use. Data are variables related to chat interactions (n = 19,839) at Bowling Green State University (BGSU), University of Illinois Chicago (UIC), and University of New Mexico (UNM) in three semesters 2019–20. Findings show users originated most chats from either the library website or discovery layer; chat initiations from other resources are minimal; chat traffic increased at all three during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Finding Open Content in the Library Is Surprisingly Hard

While library discovery systems offer great promise for delivering open access materials, they often fall short. Discovery tools merge multiple records together, and in the process show a preference for linking options that are less likely to successfully deliver open access full text. Third party tools offer options for bringing users to missing content, but these tools are often not fully supported in library systems. Library systems are so focused on keeping unauthorized users out of restricted content that it compromises their ability to get users into content that is freely available.

Online navigation to journal articles: How are journal articles retrieved by researchers and students at an academic institution; a quantitative examination of HTTP referer [sic] data

This quantitative case study employs weblog data supplied by six major academic journal publishers, known as HTTP referer [sic] data from Washington State University IP address ranges to reveal the sites that researchers and students use to retrieve academic journal literature. HTTP referrers to academic journal articles were categorized as follows; Search Engines (37%), Library Discovery Services (10.04%), the individual publisher itself (15.85%), free A & I services (7.90%) and absent data (termed no referrers) (25.77%). Within the category of search engines, Google and Google Scholar combined to account for almost all of the referrers. There was no evidence from the referrer data that Social Networking Sites or Courseware sites were substantial referrers. There were large variations in results between the individual publishers.

Masked by Trust: Bias in Library Discovery. By Matthew Reidsma

Masked by Trust: Bias in Library Discovery. By Matthew Reidsma

SVM &Ga-clustering Based Feature Selection Approach for Breast Cancer Detection

Mortality leading among women in developed countries is breast cancer. Breast cancer is women's second most prominent cause of cancer mortality worldwide. In recent decades, women's high prevalence of breast cancer has risen dramatically. This paper discussed several data analysis methods used to detect breast cancer early. Breast cancer diagnosis distinguishes benign and malignant breast lumps. Using data processing tools, we tackled this disease analysis. Data mining is an important step of library discovery where intelligent methods are used to detect patterns. Several clinical breast cancer studies were conducted using soft computing and machine learning techniques. Sometimes their algorithms are easier, easier, or more comprehensive than others. This research is focused on genetic programming and machine learning algorithms to reliably identify benign and malignant breast cancer. This study aimed to optimise the testing algorithm. We used genetic programming methods to choose classification machines' best features and parameter values. Data mining is an important step of library discovery where intelligent methods are used to detect patterns. We are analysing data accessible from the U.C.I. deep-learning data set in Wisconsin. In this experiment, we equate four Weka clustering strategies with genetic clustering. A comparison of results reveals that sequential minimal optimization (S.M.O.) is better than I.B.K. and B.F. Tree processes, i.e. 97.71%.

Migration as a Catalyst for Organizational Change in Technical Services

ABSTRACT This article describes the changes within the Western Michigan University Libraries Technical Services Department during a five-year period from 2012 to 2017, which involved a reorganization of staff and the migration to Alma/Primo, Ex Libris’ next-generation library management system and discovery solution. The aim of this case study is to understand the role these two significant events played in the transformation of the department.

Reidsma, Matthew: Masked by Trust : bias in library discovery

Reidsma, Matthew: Masked by Trust : bias in library discovery

Moving from OPAC to Discovery Systems: Nigerian Librarians’ Perceived Knowledge and Readiness

The recent trend of move from OPAC to discovery system has not been observed in Nigeria. Hence, this study examined Nigerian librarians’ perceived knowledge and readiness to move from OPAC to discovery system. The study adopts mixed method research approach. The study found that Nigerian librarians are not ready to move from OPAC to library discovery system in the nearest future. It was also shown that there is little or no knowledge of library discovery system among Nigerian librarians. The study concludes that Nigerian librarians are not ready nor have knowledge of moving from OPAC to library discovery system.

Matthew Reidsma. Masked by Trust: Bias in Library Discovery. Sacramento, CA: Library Juice Press, 2019. 194p. Paper, $28.00 (ISBN 978-1-63400-083-3). LCCN 2019010995.

In his book, Masked by Trust: Bias in Library Discovery, Reidsma addresses the increasing use and misplaced trust in search engines, and how library software developers have integrated Google-like elements into discovery systems. Since libraries license these systems, users believe that they are more reliable than web, or general purpose, search engines. However, the author asserts that, since library discovery systems are created by people with biases, they are not as neutral as vendors and libraries claim. Reidsma references several important researchers throughout the text, such as Safiya Umoja Noble, Cathy O’Neil, Carole Cadwalladr, and others, who have published works regarding algorithmic bias. These, in addition to his own research into algorithms in library systems, help support the author’s assertion that library systems are not immune from bias, thereby making the case that even library systems are not neutral.

Trial by Fire and Then Some for Electronic Resources: Connecting the Community through Customer Service

ABSTRACT Electronic resource troubleshooting can feel like extinguishing a fire every day in a library. When a real fire comes along as Kansas State University (K-State) experienced at Hale Library, one learns not to take e-resources–and the fact that they are working–for granted. Regardless of the integrated library system and discovery layer, getting databases and online subscriptions back up is especially critical when physical collections are suddenly inaccessible. Returning to a sense of normalcy involves rethinking priorities, staffing, and the nature of the resources in given circumstances. Earlier in the fall of 2017, the acquisitions unit had begun a study of its Jane Hale ticketing system for e-resource issues and problems. Jane Hale is a not a real person, but rather a persona for a shared email account and workflow used in acquisitions and e-resources management troubleshooting. Prior to the fire, the Jane Hale e-resource ticketing system was staffed with the intention of delivering more timely access to e-resources. The work devoted to improving the e-resources ticketing system yielded many benefits following the fire, not the least being improved internal customer service and processes. The community of vendors, librarians, and patrons demonstrated an outpouring of support and kindness. From this experience, we learned the importance of creating good relationships and fostering a sense of community before access is disrupted. Communication, both internal and external, is also very significant. Disaster response for electronic resources became an effective continuity plan, underscoring the importance of deciding what is essential and how to use communication and other skills to meet the needs of the library community.

The Importance of Teacher Professionalism in Facing The Industrial Revolution Era 4.0

<em>This article aims to exlain the importance of developing teacher professionalism in facing the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. The research method used is the study of literature. Data collection is carried out by conducting a study of books, literature, notes and reports that have to do with the importance of teacher professionalism in facing the industrial revolution era 4.0. so in this article includes general processes such as: systematically identifying the theory, library discovery, and analysis of documents that contain information related to the research topic. The results of this study are in the form of a description related to development that can be dont by teachers to develop teacher professionalism in facing the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 well.</em>

Syndetics Unbound (ProQuest)

In this age of social media where interacting with others online and personalizing content are now second nature to almost every age group, regardless of context, ProQuest’s Syndetics Unbound brings all these elements together in an enrichment platform for library OPACs, ILS, and discovery systems. Syndetics Unbound creates a search environment where library users want to linger and continue to browse, discovering content that they may otherwise overlook, and potentially improving library circulation of such content.

More DOIs are Accessed Through Library Discovery Services than Through Google

A Review of:
 Wang, X., Cui, Y., & Xu, S. (2018). Evaluating the impact of web-scale discovery services on scholarly content seeking. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 44(5), 545-552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2018.05.010 
 Abstract
 Objective – To examine trends in digital object identifier (DOI) web referrals and explore the referring domains, especially those originating from web-scale discovery systems like ProQuest’s Summon and Primo.
 Design – Log analysis and web traffic analysis.
 Setting – CrossRef, a web server that connects DOIs to the corresponding articles’ landing pages.
 Subjects – Web traffic that passed through CrossRef between 2011 and 2016.
 Methods – The researchers collected data from CrossRef using a web tool called Chronograph. The data captured information about the websites users were on when they requested a DOI (called the referrer) and about the time and date of each request.
 The researchers used time series analysis to discover longitudinal patterns in the data. Annual, monthly, and weekly trends were also examined with a seasonal adjustment model, a seasonal trend decomposition, and log transformation. They also isolated traffic from four institutions in Australia, Japan, Sweden, and the United States of America to determine if overall seasonal patterns were reflected locally.
 ProQuest websites were of particular interest to the researchers because they determined that it had the highest market share of discovery services. Much of the analysis focused on ProQuest’s serialsolutions.com, exlibrisgroup.com, and proquest.com website domains.
 Main Results – ProQuest servers sent over 25 million DOI referrals through CrossRef – more than either Web of Knowledge (n=24.47 million) or Google (n=15.38 million).
 Referral traffic grew over the period with the sharpest growth rate occurring between 2011 and 2012. Of ProQuest’s domains, serialsolutions.com (Summon) had more traffic and more growth over the observation period than exlibrisgroup.com (Primo).
 In all of the years studied, the busiest months were September to November and January to March, while June to August and December were low points. Seasonal fluctuations were attributed to university vacation schedules as demonstrated in the traffic patterns of four ProQuest-subscribing institutions.
 Weekly trend analysis showed that Monday to Thursday had consistently heavy referral traffic. Of the remaining days, the fewest referrals were observed on Saturdays.
 Conclusion – DOI referrer traffic is closely tied to the university calendar. Library discovery products are used more frequently to access DOIs than Google.

In the Wake of Discovery: Student Perceptions, Integration, and Instructional Design

Academic libraries have increasingly adopted web-scale discovery tools in order to meet the expectations of students who want immediate results, efficient algorithms, and a single search box. As they have become the de facto search tool at many libraries, librarians and patrons alike have been forced to confront the way they think about research processes and in some cases, modulate ingrained habits. In this article, the authors explore student perceptions of efficacy, relevancy, and ease of use of a library discovery tool through a 2017 mixed-methods user experience study conducted at three City University of New York (CUNY) campuses. The results from this user study will be useful to other institutions that already have implemented discovery layers within their library and help inform website design, discovery layer design, and pedagogy. By combining student interviews with a task analysis, the authors were able to learn more about student search behaviors, how they respond to challenges, and what they expect from search tools. Identifying these barriers to student use of the Primo discovery tool has helped us articulate best practices for instruction and interface customization that may address these barriers and has illuminated implications for website integration.

DEVELOPMENT OF ECO-CULTURE TO IMPROVE ENVIROMENTAL LITERACY IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

<p><em>The objectives of writing scientific papers are: (1) describing eco-culture, (2) describing ecoliteration of the environment, and (3)to describing ways to improve environmental ecoliteracy by means of eco-culture in elementary schools. The method used is literature study, which is data collection techniques by conducting study studies of books, literature, notes, and reports that are related to the problem being solved. Library sources in this study were obtained from: books, journals and research results (thesis, thesis, and dissertation). So that in this study include general processes such as: systematic theory identification, library discovery, and documentary analysis which contains information relating to the research topic. The results of this study are (1) eco-culture a process of increasing understanding, knowledge, attitudes and behavior based on ecology. (2) environmental echoliteration is to teach children to love the environment through greening. (3) improve environmental ecoliteracy in primary schools by take care and practicing directly maintaining and caring for the school environment.</em></p>

A Comparative Study of Perceptions and Use of Google Scholar and Academic Library Discovery Systems

Google Scholar and academic library discovery systems are both popular resources among academic users for finding scholarly information. By conducting an online survey with 975 users from more than 20 public research universities across the United States, this study comparatively investigates how and why academic users use these two resources. Results show that the ways participants used both resources were similar, and both were perceived as highly accessible and useful . Academic library discovery systems’ perceived comprehensiveness , subjective norm , loyalty , and intended use were higher than Google Scholar, while Google Scholar’s perceived ease of use , system quality , and satisfaction were higher than that of academic library discovery systems.

From Integrated Library System (ILS) to Library Service Platform (LSP): Role of Library Discovery System (LDS)

This paper shows the evolution of the web-scale resource discovery services in libraries along with different discovery software available both in commercial and open source domain. The paper discusses several discovery tools and identifies several key parameters on the basis of which can compare the usability and accessibility of different discovery software. It will be identifies tools possibilities of applications of these interactive, collaborative and participative tools in enhancing existing library services and the feasibility of introducing next generation library services. Therefore, today all world look-over the newly made association which is library discovery system. Library discovery system make a software like 'VuFind' as open source software, digital library software to distributed across the globe.

Demonstrating the value of “library as place” with the MISO Survey

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is twofold. It first examines cross-institutional benchmark data about “library as place” from 99 US schools in the Measuring Information Service Outcomes (MISO) Survey (www.misosurvey.org). The data demonstrate the value of “library as place” to students in particular. Second, the paper shares case studies of how two college libraries made MISO Survey “library as place” data actionable. Lafayette College (Easton, Pennsylvania) analyzed local MISO Survey data after a renovation to validate return on investment. Earlham College (Richmond, Indiana) analyzed MISO Survey data to help secure a science library renovation and to justify an architectural study for its main library.Design/methodology/approachThe paper begins with an analysis of “library as place” using aggregate benchmarks derived from US college and university respondents between 2012 and 2015. Specifically, the paper contrasts student and faculty perceptions of “library as place” via national benchmarks about: library services importance, satisfaction, and use (three benchmarks); hybrid online/“place-based” library services importance, satisfaction, and use (three benchmarks). Pivoting from higher education to individual, local perspectives, two case studies reveal how academic libraries used MISO Survey findings to demonstrate the value of “library as place” for renovation purposes.FindingsThe findings include that undergraduates make more frequent use than faculty of place-based services such as reference, equipment loans, and physical course reserves. Undergraduates also find most of these services more important than faculty do. Faculty makes generally more frequent use than undergraduates of online services such as library databases and the catalog. They find that these services to be more important than undergraduates do. Faculty and undergraduates use newer library discovery systems with equal frequency and find them to be equally important. Undergraduates find comfortable library spaces to be very important, and faculty considers them to be only a bit less important.Originality/valueThis is the first paper using MISO Survey data to focus on the importance and satisfaction of place-based library services involving cross-institutional comparisons for students and faculty. Previously published research using MISO Survey data have compared the use of place-based library services. This is also the first paper to offer case studies about how institutions use MISO Survey data to demonstrate the value of “library as place.”

“More than Meets the Eye” - Analyzing the Success of User Queries in Oria

Discovery systems allow academic library users to locate a wider range of resources than previous OPACs. However, actual usage of these systems may still be challenging. The main aim of this research is to get a better understanding of the hurdles users face while searching contemporary library systems.This study utilizes a transaction log analysis approach, using popular and zero result queries datasets gathered from the statistics module of a library discovery system. It explores what types of queries users perform, how successful the queries are, and examines underlying reasons for unsuccessful queries. To our knowledge, this is the first academic paper to use data originating from built-in transaction logs of the Oria library discovery system.The analysis shows that queries are often curriculum-related: we could pinpoint a relation with curriculum for 58% of the popular queries, and 28% for the zero result searches. A vast majority of popular queries refer to books, databases and journals, and over half of the queries used the title to locate a resource. 20% of the popular queries turned out to be unsuccessful. Zero result queries typically involve long queries, and in many cases consist of pasted reference citations.Our conclusion is that the examined discovery system is rather sensitive. Whilst this suggests the importance of increasing users' information search skills, it also points to the need for enhancing discovery systems and their underlying metadata. Furthermore, due to the prominence of curriculum-related queries, a better integration of curriculum materials ought to be achieved.