Library Approach Research Articles

Sejarah Perkembangan Filsafat dan Sains pada Zaman Yunani

Ancient Greece was an important milestone in the history of the development of philosophy and science. This article will summarize the historical development of these two fields in Greece. In the 6th to 4th centuries BC, an intellectual culture grew in Greece known as the Classical Age. This research uses a library approach (library research). According to Mushtofa et al. (2020) bibliography research is research carried out in order to obtain information data obtained from various written sources. This research shows that the development of science in Ancient Greece and beyond was driven by the spirit of understanding the philosophy of humanism. The philosophy of humanism teaches that humans have the ability to regulate themselves and the universe around them. This belief has been present since ancient Greece and has been one of the main factors in the evolution of human thinking about nature.

Re-envisioning Search Education through a Critical Information Literacy Lens

Search engines are a pervasive and powerful means of accessing information in contemporary society. Library and Information Science approaches to educating students in information retrieval and online searching focus on search skills and the design of search systems, largely excluding critical perspectives. Major shifts in how information is produced, retrieved, and used require an ethically grounded re-evaluation of these approaches. Critical information literacy offers a framework for deepening pedagogy related to search. We present a case of an undergraduate course that instantiates a critical approach and discuss outcomes, challenges, and plans for future development.

Application of a new highly multiplexed amplicon sequencing tool to evaluate Plasmodium falciparum antimalarial resistance and relatedness in individual and pooled samples from Dschang, Cameroon.

Resistance to antimalarial drugs remains a major obstacle to malaria elimination. Multiplexed, targeted amplicon sequencing is being adopted for surveilling resistance and dissecting the genetics of complex malaria infections. Moreover, genotyping of parasites and detection of molecular markers drug resistance in resource-limited regions requires open-source protocols for processing samples, using accessible reagents, and rapid methods for processing numerous samples including pooled sequencing. P lasmodium falciparum S treamlined M ultiplex A ntimalarial R esistance and R elatedness T esting ( Pf -SMARRT) is a PCR-based amplicon panel consisting of 15 amplicons targeting antimalarial resistance mutations and 9 amplicons targeting hypervariable regions. This assay uses oligonucleotide primers in two pools and a non-proprietary library and barcoding approach. We evaluated Pf -SMARRT using control mocked dried blood spots (DBS) at varying levels of parasitemia and a mixture of 3D7 and Dd2 strains at known frequencies, showing the ability to genotype at low parasite density and recall within-sample allele frequencies. We then piloted Pf -SMARRT to genotype 100 parasite isolates collected from uncomplicated malaria cases at three health facilities in Dschang, Western Cameroon. Antimalarial resistance genotyping showed high levels of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance mutations, including 31% prevalence of the DHPS A613S mutation. No K13 candidate or validated artemisinin partial resistance mutations were detected, but one low-level non-synonymous change was observed. Pf -SMARRT's hypervariable targets, used to assess complexity of infections and parasite diversity and relatedness, showed similar levels and patterns compared to molecular inversion probe (MIP) sequencing. While there was strong concordance of antimalarial resistance mutations between individual samples and pools, low-frequency variants in the pooled samples were often missed. Overall, Pf -SMARRT is a robust tool for assessing parasite relatedness and antimalarial drug resistance markers from both individual and pooled samples. Control samples support that accurate genotyping as low as 1 parasite per microliter is routinely possible. Malaria remains a critical global public health problem. Antimalarial drug resistance has repeatedly undermined control and the emergence of artemisinin partial resistance in Africa is the latest major challenge. Malaria molecular surveillance (MMS) has emerged as a powerful tool to monitor molecular markers of resistance and changes in the parasite population. Streamlined methods are needed that can be readily adopted in endemic countries. We developed P lasmodium falciparum S treamlined M ultiplex A ntimalarial R esistance and R elatedness T esting ( Pf -SMARRT), a multiplex amplicon deep sequencing approach that uses easily accessible products without proprietary steps and can be sequenced on any Illumina sequencer. We validated this tool using controls, including mocked dried blood spots, and then implemented it to evaluate resistance and parasite relatedness among 100 samples from Cameroon. The assay was able to reliably assess the within-sample allele frequency of antimalarial resistance markers and discriminate strains within and between individuals. We also evaluated a more cost-effective surveillance approach for antimalarial resistance polymorphisms using pooled samples. While within-pool frequencies of mutations were accurate in pools with higher numbers of samples, this resulted in the loss of the ability to detect variants uncommon in the pool. Overall Pf- SMARRT provides a new protocol for conducting MMS that is easily implementable in Africa.

Gender in Arabic Language Learning: A Social-Educational Analysis

<p>This research aimed to determine gender relationships in Arabic language learning in social-educational studies. The method used in this research employed a library approach with the data source being actual and factual literacy, and Mels and Heberman data analysis was utilized using interactive techniques. The results of this research showed that gender was not a true social construct or form, was not innate from birth, and could not also be said to be God's nature or provision because gender was related to the process of believing how men and women should act and behave in accordance with structured values, social and cultural provisions in the place where they were located. Learning Arabic could not be separated from linguistics and was included in the subcategory of grammar, especially in understanding the placement of mudzakkar and muannast. In the structure of the Arabic language, masculinity was the fundamental that was subjected, while femininity was the branch that had no ability as a subject</p>

Annotation of DOM metabolomes with an ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry molecular formula library

Increased accessibility of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics instrumentation and software have expanded their use in studies of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and exometabolites released by microbes. Current strategies to annotate metabolomes generally rely on matching tandem MS/MS spectra to databases of authentic standards. However, spectral matching approaches typically have low annotation rates for DOM. An alternative approach is to annotate molecular formula based on accurate mass and isotopic fine structure measurements that can be obtained from state-of-the-art ultrahigh resolution Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), but instrument accessibility for large metabolomic studies is generally limited. Here, we describe a strategy to annotate exometabolomes obtained from lower resolution LC-MS systems by matching metabolomic features to a molecular formula library generated for a representative sample analyzed by LC 21T- FT-ICR MS. The molecular formula library approach successfully annotated 53% of exometabolome features of the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum – a nearly ten-fold increase over the 6% annotation rate achieved using a conventional MS/MS approach. There was 94% agreement between assigned formula that were annotated with both approaches, and mass error analysis of the discrepancies suggested that the FT-ICR MS formula assignments were more reliable. Differences in the exometabolome of P. tricornutum grown under iron replete and iron limited conditions revealed 668 significant metabolites, including a suite of peptide-like molecules released by P. tricornutum in response to iron deficiency. These findings demonstrate the utility of FT-ICR MS formula libraries for extending the accuracy and comprehensiveness of metabolome annotations.

The Rejection of Prophetic Traditions: Analyzing the Inkar Sunnah Movement in West Sumatra, Indonesia

This article explores the ideological stance of the Inkar Sunnah movement, which rejects the prophetic traditions (Sunnah) as a source of Islamic law, focusing on its development in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Historically, this movement can be traced back to political and sectarian conflicts in early Islamic history, such as those involving the Khawarij, Shia, and Mu'tazilah sects. Over time, skepticism towards hadith, fueled by fabricated traditions and modern Orientalist critiques, gained traction. Prominent figures like Dalimi Lubis and Nazwar Syamsu have continued to propagate Inkar Sunnah beliefs in modern Indonesia, advocating that the Qur’an alone suffices for Islamic jurisprudence. This research adopts a qualitative library approach, analyzing primary texts by these figures and secondary sources on hadith scholarship. The study critically examines their arguments and the socio-political context that allowed their ideas to proliferate, as well as strategies to counter this ideological challenge within Indonesian Islamic discourse. The findings reveal a persistent tension between traditional Sunni orthodoxy and reformist interpretations that seek to minimize or outright reject the role of the Sunnah, posing significant implications for Islamic legal and theological frameworks.

Developing a library strategic response to Artificial Intelligence

AI is ‘the defining technology of our generation’ according to a recent joint statement by the UK and US governments. We all understand that it is likely to impact library and information work profoundly, so it is important to try and be more than reactive and think strategically about the opportunities and problems it is creating. The article poses nine key questions for consideration, and reflects on some answers that might support a more strategic library approach to AI.

Identification of Plant Peroxidases Catalyzing the Degradation of Fluorinated Aromatics Using a Peroxidase Library Approach.

In this work, the degradation of mono- and polyfluorinated phenolic compounds was demonstrated by a series of crude plant peroxidases, including horseradish root (HRP) and six members of the Cucurbita genus. Highly active samples were identified using a library screening approach in which more than 50 crude plant samples were initially evaluated for defluorination activity toward 4-fluorophenol. The highest concentrations were observed in the HRP, pumpkin skin (PKS), and butternut squash skin (BNS), which consistently gave the highest intrinsic rates of decomposition for all the substrates tested. Although HRP exhibited a significant decrease in activity with increased fluorination of the phenolic substrate, PKS showed only minor reductions. Furthermore, in silico studies indicated that the active site of HRP poorly accommodates the steric bulk of additional fluorines, causing the substrate to dock farther from the catalytic heme and thus slowing the catalysis rate. We propose that the PKS active site might be larger, allowing closer access to the perfluorinated substrate, and therefore maintaining higher activity compared to the HRP enzyme. However, detailed kinetic characterization studies of the peroxidases are recommended. Conclusively, the high catalytic activity of PKS and its high yield per gram of tissue make it an excellent candidate for developing environmentally friendly biocatalytic methods for degrading fluorinated aromatics. Finally, the success of the library approach in identifying highly active samples for polyfluorinated aromatic compound (PFAC) degradation suggests the method may find utility in the quest for other advanced catalysts for PFAS degradation.

How to (Mass-)Digitize Newspapers in Switzerland – The Swiss National Library Approach - Renewed

How to (Mass-)Digitize Newspapers in Switzerland – The Swiss National Library Approach - Renewed

Analisis Risiko Modal Ventura Syariah di Indonesia

Venture capital as an alternative financing outside credit banking. Investments made in the form of shares or convertible bonds in the long term, and aimed at business partner companies (PPU), venture capital is a collection of capital originating from investors to be managed professionally by a management company and investment in PPU. Funds invested in venture capital are investment funds that have high risk. This research uses a library or literary study approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through reading and taking notes, as well as managing previous research materials. The aim of this research is to determine the potential risks that will occur and the impact of risks on venture capital. Research results show that venture capital often contributes to helping entrepreneurs develop. So it cannot be denied that venture capital is very prone to losses for both parties.

A reproducible approach for the use of aptamer libraries for the identification of Aptamarkers for brain amyloid deposition based on plasma analysis.

An approach for the agnostic identification and validation of aptamers for the prediction of a medical state from plasma analysis is presented in application to a key risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. brain amyloid deposition. This method involved the use of a newly designed aptamer library with sixteen random nucleotides interspersed with fixed sequences called a Neomer library. The Neomer library approach enables the direct application of the same starting library on multiple plasma samples, without the requirement for pre-enrichment associated with the traditional approach. Eight aptamers were identified as a result of the selection process and screened across 390 plasma samples by qPCR assay. Results were analysed using multiple machine learning algorithms from the Scikit-learn package along with clinical variables including cognitive status, age and sex to create predictive models. An Extra Trees Classifier model provided the highest predictive power. The Neomer approach resulted in a sensitivity of 0.88. specificity of 0.76. and AUC of 0.79. The only clinical variables that were included in the model were age and sex. We conclude that the Neomer approach represents a clear improvement for the agnostic identification of aptamers (Aptamarkers) that bind to unknown biomarkers of a medical state.

Libepa — A C++/Python library for calculations of cross sections of ultraperipheral collisions

The library provides a set of C++/Python functions for computing cross sections of ultraperipheral collisions of high energy particles under the equivalent photons approximation. Cross sections are represented through multiple integrals over the phase space. The integrals are calculated through recurrent application of algorithms for one dimensional integration. The paper contains an introduction to the theory of ultraperipheral collisions, discusses the library approach and provides a few examples of calculations.

Neo Al-Ma'un Theology and Social Improvement of Society

It is necessary to study the theological theme of Al-Ma'un because of its developmentMustadh'afin are not only those who are orphans but those who are oppressed socially, structurally and culturally. The article aims to provide further explanation regarding Al-Maun theology and social improvement. This research uses qualitative methods with a library approach. After all data sources have been collected, the author conducts a literature review and reviews existing literacy sources. Results of this research: 1) In Al-Qusyairi's work, Al-Ma'uun's letter is named Ad-Diin. This may be taken as the last word at the end of the first verse of the surah, as is done with the name of surah An-Naas in the last surah in the Urdu mushaf. 2) KH. Ahmad Dahlan taught Surah al-Ma'un from the Qur'an to his students several times over a relatively long period of time. The point of this letter is that ritual worship has no meaning unless the perpetrator performs social charity. This surah even calls those who ignore orphans and do not try to eradicate poverty in society as "religious liars. In surah al-Ma'un, it is stated that as Muslims who have the ability to help orphans and the poor, we must help each other and share a little of what we have to help them overcome their difficulties.

Identification of plant transcriptional activation domains.

Gene expression in Arabidopsis is regulated by more than 1,900 transcription factors (TFs), which have been identified genome-wide by the presence of well-conserved DNA-binding domains. Activator TFs contain activation domains (ADs) that recruit coactivator complexes; however, for nearly all Arabidopsis TFs, we lack knowledge about the presence, location and transcriptional strength of their ADs1. To address this gap, here we use a yeast library approach to experimentally identify Arabidopsis ADs on a proteome-wide scale, and find that more than half of the Arabidopsis TFs contain an AD. We annotate 1,553 ADs, the vast majority of which are, to our knowledge, previously unknown. Using the dataset generated, we develop a neural network to accurately predict ADs and to identify sequence features that are necessary to recruit coactivator complexes. We uncover six distinct combinations of sequence features that result in activation activity, providing a framework to interrogate the subfunctionalization of ADs. Furthermore, we identify ADs in the ancient AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR family of TFs, revealing that AD positioning is conserved in distinct clades. Our findings provide a deep resource for understanding transcriptional activation, a framework for examining function in intrinsically disordered regions and a predictive model of ADs.

Digital Storytelling Research Trends in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review

New technologies have largely brought about positive changes in educational settings, enabling educators to improve their expertise and, consequently, elevate the quality of education. Studies reveal that incorporating these technologies leads to increased student engagement, higher levels of achievement, and greater motivation. Digital storytelling is perceived as an ideal method to meet the learning needs of digital native students while also improving their skills for the 21st century as it can be used as a medium for literacy and creativity. This research was conducted through a library approach, analyzing numerous articles focused on digital storytelling. This systematic literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of digital storytelling research in Indonesia, shedding light on emerging trends, challenges, and opportunities in this field. The findings highlight key responsibilities for teachers using digital storytelling, emphasizing the importance of developing technology skills, as well as, it uncovers any shifts in focus over time and highpoints gaps in the existing literature, providing valuable insights for future research directions.

Fish species authentication in commercial fish products using mass spectrometry and spectral library matching approach

Seafood fraud has become a global issue, threatening food security and safety. Adulteration, substitution, dilution, and incorrect labeling of seafood products are fraudulent practices that violate consumer safety. In this context, developing sensitive, robust, and high-throughput molecular tools for food and feed authentication is becoming crucial for regulatory purposes. Analytical approaches such as proteomics mass spectrometry have shown promise in detecting incorrectly labeled products. For the application of these tools, genome information is crucial, but currently, for many marine species of commercial importance, such information is unavailable. However, when combining proteomic analysis with spectral library matching, commercially important fish species were successfully identified, differentiated, and quantified in pure muscle samples and mixtures, even when genome information was scarce. This study further tested the previously developed spectral library matching approach to differentiate between 29 fish species from the North Sea and examined samples including individual fish, laboratory-prepared mixtures and commercial products. For authenticating libraries generated from 29 fish species, fresh muscle samples from the fish samples were matched against the reference spectral libraries. Species of the fresh fish samples were correctly authenticated using the spectral library approach. The same result was obtained when evaluating the laboratory-prepared mixtures. Furthermore, processed commercial products containing mixtures of two or three fish species were matched against these reference spectral libraries to test the accuracy and robustness of this method for authentication of fish species. The results indicated that the method is suitable for the authentication of fish species from highly processed samples such as fish cakes and burgers. The study shows that current and future challenges in food and feed authentication can efficiently be tackled by reference spectral libraries method when prospecting new resources in the Arctic.

Harmoni Pendidikan Islam Moderat: Telaah Ayat-Ayat Moderasi dalam Tafsir Al Azhar Karya Buya Hamka Melalui Pendekatan Tafsir Tematik

This research aims to interpret the verses on moderation and moderate Islamic education according to Buya Hamka in Tafsir Al-Azhar. This research method uses a library approach and qualitative research type. Through a thematic interpretation approach. The results found about the concepts emphasized by Buya Hamka in his interpretation of moderate verses in the Al-Quran. These concepts include the right to freedom in all aspects of life, including freedom of belief, as well as rationalism in seeking the truth, as expressed in QS Al-Baqarah verse 256. Understanding of piety, social spirit regardless of racial, ethnic or religious differences, and Polite behavior towards neighbors, even non-Muslims, as explained in QS Al-Mumlahanah verse 8, is the main basis in the concept of moderate Islamic education. Apart from that, the concept of moderation verses also teaches the values of getting to know each other, interacting, helping each other, and cross-religious cooperation to advance civilization, in accordance with QS Al-Hujurot verse 13. The concept of having a moderate spirit and prohibiting extremism, as found in QS An-Nisa' verse 171, becomes the basis for forming a balanced character of Muslims.

PEMBELAJARAN BERDIFERENSIASI SEBAGAI PENDEKATAN KERAGAMAN PESERTA DIDIK UNTUK MEMENUHI TARGET KURIKULUM

The purpose of this study is to gather information and clarify concepts related to differentiated learning to meet curriculum goals based on student diversity. Differentiated learning is learning that helps the student's learning process according to the students' learning profile, learning readiness and interests. The method used in this article is a library approach that collects information from documents, books, articles, scientific journals, and literature related to differentiated learning as an approach to student diversity to meet curriculum targets. After analyzing various trusted sources, researchers can produce conclusions which is valid and useful. Conclusion Students have diversity in each individual such as interests, readiness, learning profiles. This requires a curriculum and learning that can facilitate the needs and character of students, one of which is an independent curriculum and differentiated learning. Differentiation learning consists of three aspects, namely content differentiation, product differentiation and process differentiation

MANAGEMENT OF ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY IN INDONESIA: A LITERATURE STUDY

This study aims to analyze and describe the management of Islamic universities in Indonesia. This research is qualitative with the type of library approach (library research). The management of Islamic universities plays a crucial role in advancing Islamic education and producing a young generation of Muslims who are knowledgeable, moral, and ready to face the challenges of the Times. With good management and adaptive to change, PTAI can continue to grow and provide great benefits for the people and nation. The management of Islamic universities plays a very important role in ensuring the success of Islamic education. By facing challenges and implementing the right strategies, PTAI can continue to develop and make significant contributions to society and the nation the management of Islamic universities is a complex field and demands attention to various aspects of Education, Resource Management, as well as interaction with stakeholders. Improving the quality and relevance of education, effective and efficient management, and student character development are some of the key factors to achieve the goals of the institution. Through the right strategy and the implementation of good governance, Islamic religious universities can become institutions that excel in providing quality education, producing useful research, and contributing positively to society. Thus, Islamic universities will be able to produce graduates who are not only academically competent, but also with integrity and noble character, ready to face global challenges while still holding fast to Islamic values

Peran Mata Kuliah Etika Profesi Keguruan dalam Pembentukan Karakter dan Praktik Profesional Mahasiswa Calon Guru di Indonesia

Education has a crucial role in forming individual character and morality, and the role of teachers as educational agents is very important in this process. This research method is a qualitative research method with a library approach, namely a research approach that uses written or literary sources of information, whether from books, journal articles, magazines and other sources as a basis for gaining an in-depth understanding of the role of the Teaching Professional Ethics course in character formation. and Professional Practices of Prospective Teacher Students in Indonesia. By better understanding its impact, we can identify learning strategies that are more effective and relevant to local contexts, thereby improving the quality of teacher education and, in turn, the quality of national education as a whole.