The history of Iran (earlier called Persia) goes as far back as 2500 years when in 550 B.C., the Achaemenian King Cyrus, the Great (reign 55929 B.C.) captured the Median capital at Ecbatana and established one of the world’s great empires. During this long history the culture of Iran always attached much value to education and learning and the significant contributions to human knowledge made by her poets, religious leaders, philosophers, mathematicians, medical experts and other scientists are well recognized all over the world. Poets such as FerdowBi, Hafez and SaPdi; Muhammad b. Mfisa 81-KhwPrizimi, the mathematician; Omar Khyyam, the poet and astronomer; Rhazes and Avicenna, the medical scientists; Al-GhazHli, the Islamic theologian; Biruni, the scientist, philosopher and historian, and several other famous scholars have left a rich legacy upon which scholars are still drawing. In religion, Persia was the cradle of Zoroastrianism in about the sixth century B.C. Because of her geographical position she has been for centuries a world cross-road not only for exchange of various goods but also for historical, cultural and scientific exchanges.
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