Lexical Repetition Research Articles

Structural correlation and expression of chain connection in complex syntactic whole (based on the works by K. G. Abramov)

Introduction. The subject of the research is complex syntactic whole (CSW), the components of which are united by a chain connection. It identifies the structural correlation of this connection, and examines tools for its implementation. Materials and Methods. The material of the study is prosaic works by K. G. Abramov. The main method is descriptive. It was used to analysis of structural correlation and means of expression in the organization of CSW in the prose of the writer. Results and Discussion. The article revealed that chain connection can be defined by structural correlation, in other words, by which models form the members of related sentences that are related to each other, and by the way these models are expressed. It is noted that in the prosaic works by K. G. Abramov the following models are the most common: “subject – subject”, “subject – object”, “object – object” and their varieties. They can be made explicitly and implicitly. The means of expressing explicit communication are lexical repetition, implicit one is periphrasis and pronominal substitutions, adverb, etc. The writer also uses root words referring to different parts of speech (one of the correlating members of a sentence is usually a predicate). Conclusion. The components of CSW combined by chain connection are an expressive and fine structure. Consistently developable repetition (explicit or implicit) “glue” these components and make the impression of visualization; they are designed for artistic effect. From phrase to phrase repetitive structures (words, word combination) vary its syntactic role as members of the sentence and they also vary its composition.

Means of Creating the Advertising Effects in the Creolized Texts of Marketing Communication

The article discusses the issue of linguistic and paralinguistic means of creating some psychological techniques in marketing communication. Advertising text is considered as an example of a complex linguistic-and-visual phenomenon, which is represented by two heterogeneous parts: verbal and nonverbal. The author identifies and describes the system of means aimed at forming the effects of recipient's emotional involvement and gradually increasing attention. The study is carried out on the material of creolized commercial advertising texts published in international and Russian magazines in 2018. Verbal means of creating the effect of emotional involvement includes the words with semantic component of intellectual and aesthetic evaluation, abstract nouns, declarative exclamatory sentences and imperatives. The effect of gradually increasing the recipient's attention is achieved by using the words of utilitarian, normative and teleological evaluation, some affixal morphemes, such as: ультра-, сверх-, супер-; adjectives in comparative and superlative degree, cardinal numerals, lexical repetitions, interrogative sentences, parceled and compressed utterances, expressive syntactic constructions and other means. On the nonverbal level, the effects of emotional experiences, and the effect of gradually increasing the recipient's attention are achieved through paralinguistic means: type variation, the combination of colours, spatial-planar variation of the text, the images.

Masking auditory feedback does not eliminate repetition reduction

ABSTRACTRepetition reduces word duration. Explanations of this process have appealed to audience design, internal production mechanisms, and combinations thereof [e.g. Kahn, J. M., & Arnold, J. E. (2015). Articulatory and lexical repetition effects on durational reduction: Speaker experience vs. common ground. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, 30, 103–119]. Jacobs, Yiu, Watson, and Dell [2015. Why are repeated words produced with reduced durations? Evidence from inner speech and homophone production. Journal of Memory and Language, 84, 37–48] proposed the auditory feedback hypothesis, which states that speakers must hear a word, produced either by themselves or another speaker, in order for duration reduction on a subsequent production. We conducted a strong test of the auditory feedback hypothesis in two experiments, in which we used masked auditory feedback and whispering to prevent speakers from hearing themselves fully. Both experiments showed that despite limiting the sources of normal auditory feedback, repetition reduction was observed to equal extents in masked and unmasked conditions, suggesting that repetition reduction may be supported by multiple sources, such as somatosensory feedback and feedforward signals, depending on their availability.

Encoding the Circumambient Psychological Moment: Clause Relations, Parallel Structures and Alliteration in Henry James’ “The Ambassadors”

Henry James’ “The Ambassadors” might be termed an Impressionist Suspense Novel in that the action of the novel centers on the shifting impressions and groping for hidden meaning in the mind of its main character, Lambert Strether. The subtle changes in Strether’s struggle for understanding are registered in a series of intense encounters with Chadwick Newsome, and his lover, Madame Marie de Vionnet and are communicated to the reader in the complex syntax of James’ prose. This article will examine James’ use of four linguistic devices to render character portraits and signal shifting impressions: clause relations, parallel grammatical structures, lexical repetition and replacement, and serial alliterative modifiers.

«O Samom Glavnom – Promolchat'…»: Interpretation of G. Ivanov’s Poem «Kak v Greciyu Bajron…» (To the 125th Anniversary of the Birth)

This article analyses one of G. Ivano v’s poems, in which the syntactic and notional ellipsis creating a «default figure» is the main text-forming device and means of expressing meaningful uncertainty, while numerous lexical and semantic repetitions contribute to the ambiguity of key words, giving them symbolic meaning and expanding the circle of associations. The aim of the article is to help the reader of the poem to solve the riddle intertwined by the poet, which allows ambiguous answers.

Turn-Taking Strategies Produced by Male and Female Presenters in American TV Shows

This study aims at examining the turn-taking strategies performed by male presenter, Jimmy Kimmel, and female presenter, Ellen DeGeneres, in two American TV talk shows. The data were analyzed using Stenstrom theory (1994) for the turn-taking strategies performed by both presenters. The findings revealed the following. (1) As the representation of male presenters, in conversation with male guests, Jimmy performed most of the strategies such as hesitant start, clean start, uptakes, links, alert, filled pause/ verbal fillers, silent pause, lexical repetition, a new start prompting and appealing. However, he did not apply metacomment and giving up strategy. Furthermore, in conversation with female guests, he used all the strategies, except hesitant start, metacomment, lexical repetition, a new start, and giving up strategy. (2) As the representation of female presenters, Ellen did not use metacomment, silent pause, and giving up strategies in her conversation with male guests. On the other hand, in conversation with female guests, she used all the strategies, except metacomment strategy. (3) This study also revealed that male presenters interrupted more often to female guests than to male guests, which supports the theory proposed by Zimmerman and West (1975).

ON SITUATIONAL IRONY IN ENGLISH LITERARY DISCOURSE

The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient development of the issues associated with the analysis of situational irony. In the present study, the objective of the study is to identify the linguistic features of the ironical mode of literary discourse in accordance with the idea of situational irony as mode of literary discourse. In accordance with this goal, the work sets the following tasks: 1) to consider approaches to the analysis of situational irony in modern linguistics; 2) to explore the characteristic features of ironic situations; 3) to consider the types of situational irony in English short stories. The analysis of language material is carried out by means of genre approach, pragmalinguistic and stylistic methods of research. In this study, the principle of organizing a short story is based on the classification of events by J. Lucariello, which represents 7 types of ironical script. The principle of organizing a story is based on a certain discrepancy of an ironical script with the generally accepted script. The classification of ironical events by J. Lucariello, therefore, can rather be called the classification of violations or deviations. Ironic schemes are activated when some combination of the following four characteristics is found in a situation: unexpectedness, human frailty, outcome, and opposition.The analysis of the material showed that the imbalances script is most frequently used, viz. such subtypes as temporal, contextual imbalances and role reversal. The stories abound in emotional lexis, lexical repetition, syntactic parallelism and indirect politeness strategies. They are designed to create an ironic effect, thereby involving the reader in the dialogue with the author. In addition, by way of situational irony the writer conveys a certain moral message to the reader. These linguistic features of short stories characterize them as a sample of the ironical mode of literary discourse.

Observing Collaboration in Small-Group Interaction

In this study, we define and test measures that capture aspects of collaboration in interaction within groups of three participants performing a task. The measures are constructed upon turn-taking and lexical features from a corpus of triadic task-based interactions, as well as upon demographic features, and personality, dominance, and satisfaction assessments related to the corpus participants. Those quantities were tested for significant effects and correlations they have with each other. The findings indicate that determinants of collaboration are located in measures quantifying the differences among dialogue participants in conversational mechanisms employed, such as number and frequency of words contributed, lexical repetitions, conversational dominance, and in psychological and sentiment variables, i.e., the participants’ personality traits and expression of satisfaction.

Word Formation Strategies and Semantic Relations in Football Discourse

This paper explores the word formation processes and semantic relations in football discourse. It aims to investigate the type of word formation and semantic relations of words that are associated with the written football discourse. Knowledge of word formation with semantic relations of words is very relevant in enriching or expanding vocabulary power in English. It facilitates the learning of English words and aids effective communication. Application of word formation knowledge can solve the problem of inadequate or limited vocabulary power among the learners and users of English language in a second language situation. English as Second Language (ESL) learners cannot acquire vocabulary and affixes knowledge in the classroom alone, adequate attention need to be paid to using materials from the media, that is both print and electronic media. This will assist in improving their vocabulary development. There are different types of word formation strategies in English namely: blending, clipping, back formation, coinage, reduplicatives, borrowing, compounding, acronyms and abbronyms. At the lexico-semantic level, we have synonyms, antonyms and lexical repetition. Keywords : word formation, vocabulary, media, affixation, abbronyms, synonyms, discourse DOI : 10.7176/RHSS/9-8-07 Publication date : April 30 th 2019

Genre shifts in Israeli campaign advertisements: Strategies and rhetorical functions

Abstract The present article addresses genre shifts in Israeli political campaign in 2013, specifically written advertisements published in newspapers, on the Internet, on stickers, in leaflets, and on billboards. I examine shifts to diverse genres (protest slogans, writing on social networks, personal conversation, a math exercise etc.), and analyze various discursive and para-linguistic strategies by means of which these shifts are implemented: use of registers and sociolects identified with particular genres; syntactical, semantic and lexical repetitions; graphic, typographical, and visual elements, etc. I show that due to the expectations of the addressees regarding the reconstructed genres and the addressing parties, genre shifts may serve to fulfill two main pragmatic-rhetorical functions: (1) Promoting messages regarding the desired conduct of the voters during the elections; (2) Self-positioning of the parties, either to strengthen their existing image among the public or to create a new, surprising one. I thus emphasize the key role played by genre shifts in the intertextual phenomenon of integrating semiotic meanings into a linguistic text; specifically in this case, integrating cultural-societal meanings into campaign advertisements.

ВЕРБАЛЬНАЯ РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ КРИЗИСНОГО СОБЫТИЯ В НОВОСТНЫХ ОНЛАЙН-СООБЩЕНИЯХ СМИ

The article is devoted to the problems and peculiarities of the formation of an event’s media image and its verbal reconstruction in news messages of the online media. Analysing the primary presentation of an event related to the Syrian crisis, the author comes to the conclusion that its verbal reconstruction in the news feeds of online publications is characterized by multiplicativity, language and stylistic nebulosity, syntactic redundancy, lexical repetitions, and the lack of integrity and completeness, which, in turn, leads to reliability violation and interference in information transition into knowledge.

ЛИНГВОСТИЛИСТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ВЫСТУПЛЕНИЙ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПУБЛИЧНЫХ ВЫСТУПЛЕНИЙ ДОНАЛЬДА ТРАМПА)

In the article, the authors present the results of the research of the linguo-stylistic peculiarities of political speeches by the example of Donald Trump’s public speeches, where various linguo-stylistic methods to create expressiveness are actively used. At the syntactic level, these are syntactic parallelism, emphatic constructions, and inversion; at the lexical level - lexical repetitions, epithets, antithesis and metaphor. The use of different types of language means makes the president’s speeches emotional, figurative and memorable, the high degree of expressiveness allows influencing the audience’s minds and receiving the implied response more efficiently.

Комплексные приемы диалогичности в авторской речи рассказов-очерков В. М. Шукшина

The problem of the dialogicity as a constitutional principle that organizes the texts of short fiction by V. M. Shukshin is covered. The material of the study are the writer’s stories-essays, which are characterized by intertwining the essay trends and genre characteristics of short stories, anecdote and scenes. The object of the research is the author’s speech; the subject of the research is the complex methods of dialogicity functioning in the speech part of the narrator of short stories-essays. The aim of the work is to analyze complex methods of dialogicity and to determine their role in the author’s speech of stories-essays. The mechanism of dialogicity of V. M. Shukshin’s texts is considered on the basis of the analysis of a separate group of poetic techniques functioning in the author’ speech of short stories-essays. As the methods of the dialogic spectrum proper, the article describes the dialogization and citation, which are structurally and semantically important elements determined by the communicative task of the author. It is established that the functioning of the methods of the dialogic spectrum proper is supported by syntactic-stylistic techniques: parcelling, insertion, lexical repetition. It is shown that the complex functioning of the techniques leads to the formation of polyphony within the speech party of the narrator, as a result of which the monosubject of the narrative, peculiar to the genre form of the essay, is lost. The author proves that within the author’s speech additional narrative links are explicated, immersing the reader in the polyphony of voices, different points of view.

Pronominaphobia (dislike pronouns) and lexical repetitions

Pronominaphobia (dislike pronouns) and lexical repetitions

The Russian Army of Nicholas І, Seen by the British during the Russian-Turkish War of 1853-1856 (Linguoimagological Aspect)

The article analyzes the views of the British soldiers, officers and journalists on their opponents – the Russians during the Russian-Turkish war of 1853-1856 from the perspective of linguoimagology. This science considers the means of image verbalization. For the study the memoirs of the Crimean War witnesses, journalists’ notes, letters of the English soldiers and officers home were selected. The assessment, given to the enemy by the British, is of particular interest. The following aspects are explored: the Russians in battle, cunning behavior of Nicholas I army soldiers, their ammunition. The British writers also drew attention to the color of the officers' uniforms (blue) and highlighted the color of the soldiers (gray), which was different from the red one, used in England. The authors emphasize the unsatisfactory state of the ordinary soldiers’ clothing (low assessment) and the excellent condition of the elite troops (high assessment). In addition, the English writers paid attention to the beards of the Russians, which were not already widespread in Europe at that period of time, but were considered as a sign of holiness in Russia, and were worn both by nobles and people of the lower strata. The authors of the memoirs use the following means of interpreting the linguoimagological aspect: inversion, metaphor, exclamation marks, superlatives, lexical repetitions, stereotypes, details, and even French borrowings. Aesthetic and ethical assessments are used to add expressiveness to the narrative.

ПОВТОР КАК СРЕДСТВО МЕТАТЕКСТУАЛЬНОСТИ (НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ ОЧЕРКА М. ЦВЕТАЕВОЙ «МОЙ ПУШКИН»)

The article based on Tsvetaeva's essay "My Pushkin" material considers functions of repetition as one of the means of metatextuality which is defined as a text characteristic related to the presence of structures in it that are used by the author for commenting, explaining his own text in order to achieve the communicative goal related to an adequate perception of the text by the reader in accordance with the author's intention. In order to fully convey her impressions of acquaintance the heritage of A.S. Pushkin in early childhood Marina Tsvetaeva in the essay makes the style of the narration as close as possible to the emotional children's speech abounding with repetition. It is noted that repetitions being polyfunctional units, along with others, can implement in the text metatext functions, the main of which are the following: clarification, elaboration, explanation of author's own text, its structuring, reference to foregoing, verbalization of the author’s cognitive activity, arrangement of accents, highlighting the distillation and drawing the reader’s attention to the most significant, in the author’s view, fragment of the text. Metatext functions can perform word-formation (root), lexical and syntactic repetitions. The structural and semantic features of repetitions which are relevant to the implementation of metatext functions are studied, foremost among them are: lexical content, contact or distant arrangement of repeating units relative to each other, full or partial (with truncation, complication, variable) coincidence of repeating units. Keywords: metatextuality, metatext functions, repetitions, root repetitions, lexical repetitions, syntactic repetitions.

Exploring the lexical competition and repetition priming effects in L2 verb generation

Word-generation tasks have been frequently used in behavioral and neuroimaging research to explore the mechanisms of semantic retrieval and competition during language production. In the current st...

Lexical repetitions and repair initiation in mother–child talk

This study examines the linguistic and interactional organization of repair in Brazilian Portuguese playtime conversations between six mothers and their children (mean age 2;6). Following both interactional phonetics and conversation analytic methodological approaches, this investigation focuses on how children and mothers negotiate the action done by the mother's lexical repetition used to initiate repair on the child's previous turn. The results suggest that children's ability to understand mothers' lexical repetitions addressing pronunciation problems comes before their ability to understand repetitions that address problems of lexical choice.

Wacana Pengampunan Pajak: Kajian Kohesi dan Koherensi

Entitled with “The Discourse of Tax Amnesty: The Study of Cohesion and Coherence” this research purpose is to know the instrument of cohesion and coherence which built the discourse of the tax amnesty. The teory used is the discourse teory which are cohesion mentioned by Halliday and R. Hasan (in Dewi, 2010:20) and coherence mentioned by Kridalaksana (in Mulyana, 2005:32). The method used in data collection is scrutinize method which completed by technique note. In data analysis process used agih method which method use the language as the determiner helped by lesap technique and replacement technique afterwards. Furthermore, informal and formal method used as the presentation process of analysis data result. In informal presentation use common words, while the formal presentation use sign and symbol. The data source which used as the analysis materials with total of 62 articles comes up from Kompas. Com issued at February and March 2017. There are some revelation obtained based on the analysis in discourse of the tax amnesty. Firstly, in the discourse of the tax amnesty dicovered that the instrument of cohesion out from grammatical (references, substitution, ellipsis, and conjunction) as well as lexical (repetition, synonym, antonym, collocation, and equivalence). Secondly, the coherence elements in the discourse of the tax amnesty are the causality relationship, instrument goal relationship, conclusion background relationship, leniency results relationship, parafrastis relationship, amplicative relationship, time additive (simultaneous and in sequence) relationship, non-time additives relationship, identification relationship, and spesific generic relationship.

Repetition as the Mean of Artistic Expression in the Poetry by N. Rubtsov

The different types of repetitions in poetic texts of N. Rubtsov are investigated in the article, their semantic and functional features are set. The cases of root lexical repetition, methods of syntactic organization of repetitive elements (parallelism, anaphoric constructions) are analysed. The refrain and framing (inclusion) are examined as the special elements in the structure of text, their role in expression of maintenance of text and stylistic functions come to light. It was set as a result of analysis that according to the poet repetition becomes the fundamental principle of structural and semantic organization of text, one of the tools of subjective modality creation, of the authors attitude to the content, meaningful means of expressiveness, creating the special unique style of writer and emotional expression in artistic text.