This study provides evidence for a Stroop-like interference effect in word recognition. Based on phonologic and semantic properties of simple words, participants who performed a same/different wordrecognition task exhibited a significant response latency increase when word pairs (e.g., poll–rod) featured a comparison word (poll) that was a homonym of a synonym (pole) of the target word (rod). These results support a parallel-processing framework of lexical decision making, in which activation of the pathways to word recognition may occur at different levels automatically and in parallel. A subset of simple words that are also brand names was examined and exhibited this same interference. Implications for word-recognition theory and practical implications for strategic marketing are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.