Leverage Variables Research Articles

THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL RATIO ON FIRM VALUE WITH ISR AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE

One of the more attractive investments for investors is sharia investment because this investment can provide profitable results for both parties and considering that 80% of Indonesia's population is Muslim, the sharia market in Indonesia is very large. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of financial ratios on company value with the intervening variable ISR. The sample for this research is companies listed on the JII index for the 2017-2021 period with a final sample of 24 companies out of 26 companies. This research uses panel data regression data analysis methods. The results of this research are that the firm size variable has a significant but negative relationship with ISR disclosure, the profitability variable has a significant positive relationship and leverage has a significant negative relationship with firm value. Apart from that, the profitability and leverage variables do not have a significant relationship with the ISR score and the firm size variable and the ISR disclosure variable do not have a significant relationship with the firm value. for the intervening variable ISR disclosure is not able to mediate the independent variables profitability, firm size and leverage on the dependent variable firm value.

Trách nhiệm xã hội và cấu trúc quản trị ảnh hưởng đến rủi ro kiệt quệ tài chính của doanh nghiệp ngành tiêu dùng Việt Nam

Research on 34 Vietnamese consumer goods businesses from 2012 to 2022 has shown a positive relationship between the social responsibility index (CSR) and the Z-Score index, indicating that CSR activities help reduce risks. bankruptcy risk. The distinction between the positions of Chairman of the Board of Directors and CEO has a similar positive effect on Z-Score, emphasizing the role of corporate governance in influencing a company’s bankruptcy risk. Other factors such as large scale, high profitability and high cash ratio all have a positive impact on Z-Score. However, the financial leverage variable has the opposite effect, highlighting the importance of carefully managing financial leverage to prevent bankruptcy risk.

EARNING MANAGEMENT IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IS INFLUENCED BY COMPANY CHARACTERISTICS AND AUDIT ELEMENTS

This study seeks empirical evidence regarding the effect of growth opportunities, leverage, fixed asset turnover, profitability, company size, company age, audit quality, audit independence, and audit committee on earnings management. This study uses the reporting of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2018. The research sample consisted of 309 data, which were selected as the final sample using purposive sampling. This study uses multiple regression analysis with the SPSS program to test the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results of this study indicate that the variables of growth opportunity, profitability, and audit quality affect earnings management. While the variables of leverage, fixed asset turnover, company size, company age, audit independence, and audit committee do not affect earnings management.

AN ANALYSIS OF SOCIOECONOMIC INEQUALITIES AMONG LOW-INCOME INDIVIDUALS WITH A SPECIFIC FOCUS ON THE COMPLIANCE INDEX OF SHARIAH GENERAL BANKS IN INDONESIA

The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the focus on the overall compliance index of sharia banks in Indonesia, particularly the profitability role index, sharia supervisory boards, and independent commissioners, and reducing social disparity among low-income groups. This study specifically examines the sharia commercial banks in Indonesia, and the samples were chosen using the purposive sampling method. The data collected comprises secondary data, specifically the annual reports of sharia commercial banks from 2017 to 2021. The data underwent the usual assumption test for analysis. Applying the multiple linear regression method for hypothesis testing. The SPSS software is employed for data processing. The results of this study suggest that the presence of an audit committee has a significant and positive effect on the sharia compliance index. The variables of liquidity, profitability, leverage, and sharia supervisory board have a negative and statistically insignificant effect on the sharia compliance index. The independent commissioner variable has a favourable effect on the sharia compliance index, although this effect is statistically insignificant. Therefore, it may be inferred that the profitability index, Sharia Supervisory Board, and Independent Commissioners, which serve as benchmarks for guaranteeing Sharia compliance in Indonesian Sharia banks, are not successful in alleviating the prevailing social inequality in Indonesia.

Environmental, Social, Governance Disclosure, Leverage and Firm Value of Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the influence of environmental, social, governance disclosure and leverage on firm value in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) for 2016-2021. Methodology: The sample in this research is manufacturing companies that meet specific criteria which were selected using a purposive sampling technique with a total research sample of 129 observation data. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis which is processed using e-views12. Findings: The research results show that environmental disclosure has a negative effect on company value, social disclosure has a positive effect on company value, governance disclosure and leverage have no effect on company value. These results support signal theory and legitimacy theory, where a company's disclosure of certain information can provide a signal to show that the company has good value. Companies influence public perception by carrying out their business in accordance with applicable regulations in order to gain public trust which has implications for increasing company value. Novelty: This research uses manufacturing companies listed on the indonesian sharia stock index from 2016 – 2021 and add leverage variable.

The EFFECT OF GROWTH OPPORTUNITY AND OTHER FACTORS ON ACCOUNTING CONSERVATISM

The purpose of this study is to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of institutional ownership, liquidity, growth opportunity, managerial ownership, leverage, and firm size as independent variables on accounting conservatism as the dependent variable. This research uses the market-to-book ratio to measure accounting conservatism. This research uses sample data from companies in the consumer cyclicals and consumer non-cyclicals listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2019-2022. The sample selection in this study used purposive sampling method, resulting in 72 companies that met the criteria and were selected as sample data total 288 data. In testing the hypothesis, this study uses multiple regression method. The result of this study concluded that the independent variable leverage has a positive effect on accounting conservatism, while firm size has a negative effect on accounting conservatism. Meanwhile, the other independent variables institutional ownership, liquidity, growth opportunity and managerial ownership has no affect to accounting conservatism.

Analisa Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility, Leverage dan Likuiditas Terhadap Kebijakan Deviden

The mining industry is an important industry for the government, and the development of stock dividends in the mining sector is quite volatile, where the smaller the profit generated, the smaller the stock dividends obtained. Dividend policy is a component that cannot be separated from the interests of management and shareholders. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR), leverage, and liquidity on the company's dividend policy. This study applies quantitative method. The CSR variable is measured using the GRI Standard indicator, the leverage variable is measured using the debt equity ratio (DER), the liquidity ratio is measured using the current ratio (CR), and the dependent variable, namely dividend policy, is measured using the dividend payout ratio (DPR). This study uses secondary data sources, namely annual financial reports, and purposive sampling as a sampling technique. The data were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study revealed that there was a positive but not significant effect between the CSR variable and dividend policy, the leverage variable had a positive effect on dividend policy; and the liquidity variable had an effect on dividend policy. This research is expected to be useful as a source of information in the learning process and also to gain deeper knowledge about the effect of corporate social responsibility, leverage, and liquidity on dividend policy in manufacturing companies in the mining and energy industry sectors that are listed on the IDX for 2020–2022.

PENERAPAN KEPUTUSAN HEDGING PADA SUATU PERUSAHAAN (STUDI KASUS SUB SEKTOR TAMBANG MINERAL BATUBARA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI TAHUN 2019 – 2022)

This research was conducted to determine the influence of independent variables such as leverage, company size, cash flow volatility and liquidity on hedging decisions in coal mineral mining sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2018 - 2022. This research uses secondary data taken from the company's official website in the research. This research uses coal mineral mining sub-sector companies as a population for a period of 5 years. This research uses purposive sampling with the criteria that have been found and a total of 17 companies. The research uses the logistic regression analysis method and uses the IBM SPSS Statistics 26 application. The results of the test show that the independent variable leverage has a positive effect on hedging decisions, while the independent variables company size, cash flow volatility do not have a positive effect on hedging decisions, and the free variable liquidity does not have a negative effect on hedging decisions.

Influence of Moderation Leverage on The Relationship Between Profitability and Firm Value

Capital market investors anticipate their investments will appreciate and progress in line with their investment objectives, specifically to enhance investor well-being. The investment value appreciates when the issuer's share price or firm value rises. Several variables can impact the value of a company, with profitability and leverage being two significant influences. Prior studies have presented empirical proof that a firm's profitability and leverage can impact its value. This study examines the moderating impact of leverage on the association between profitability and company value. The study employed data from companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2019 and 2021. Currently, there are no studies that have investigated the impact of leverage as a moderating factor on the relationship between profitability and firm value. The data analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between profitability and firm valuation. Significant leverage levels have a considerable negative effect on a corporation's value. The interaction variable of profitability and leverage has a minimal effect on the relationship between profitability and firm value. The test results suggest that leverage modifies, diminishing the link between profitability and company value. However, it is essential to note that leverage is not demonstrated to be a substantial moderating variable in this relationship.

Effect of Leverage, Profitability and Operating Capacity on Financial Distress in Manufacturing Companies Listed on The Indonesia Stock Exchange

This study aims to examine whether leverage, profitability and operating capacity affect financial distress in food and beverage sub-sector manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2019-2023. The data used is secondary data obtained from www.idx.co.id website. Determination of samples in research using porpusive sampling methods with special criteria. The results of the analysis are known to be a significant value of leverage of 0.000 < 0.05 with a calculation of -4.862 < table 1.992, so the variable leverage has a significant negative effect on financial distress conditions. The significant value on profitability is 0.000 < 0.05 with a count of 9,196 > table 1,992. So the probability variable has a significant positive effect on financial distress conditions. Significant value in Operating Capacity of 0.000 < 0.05 with a calculation of 8.422 > table 1.992, So operating capacity has a significant positive effect on financial distress.

PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, LEVERAGE, DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP KETEPATAN WAKTU PENYAMPAIAN LAPORAN KEUANGAN

The research was conducted to see the effect of the variables of profitability, leverage, and company size as independent variables on the timeliness of financial report submission as the dependent variable. The profitability variable in this study uses ROE as a measuring tool, for leverage using DER as a measuring tool, and finally Ln is used as a measuring tool for the company size variable. This research uses the property and real estate sector industry listed on the IDX for the 2020-2022 period. 48 companies were obtained for the population so that the research sample was 144. This research uses quantitative methods and uses secondary data sourced from the IDX. The sampling process applies purposive sampling technique. The analysis test processed using the SPSS 25 application shows that there is a simultaneous influence on profitability and leverage, and company size on the timeliness of financial report submission. It was found that profitability and leverage did not have a significant influence on the timeliness of submitting financial reports, while company size showed a positive influence on the timeliness of submitting financial reports.. Keywords: Leverage, Company Size, Timeliness of Submitting Financial Statements

Pengaruh Leverage, Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan terhadap Profitabilitas Perusahaan (Sub sektor makanan & minuman)

The aim of this research is to empirically test that leverage, sales growth and company size influence profitability simultaneously or partially. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression, with a sample of 12 food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the IDX. Partial research results: H1: there is no influence of the leverage variable (X1) on the profitability variable (Y), so hypothesis H1 is rejected; H2: there is an influence of the sales growth variable (X2) on the profitability variable (Y), so hypothesis H2 is accepted; H3: there is an influence of the company size variable (X3) on the profitability variable (Y), so hypothesis H3 is accepted. Simultaneously, it can be interpreted that the variables leverage (X1), sales growth (X2) and company size (X3) together influence the profitability variable (Y). Meanwhile, the determination test provides information about the coefficient of determination value, namely the contribution or influence of variables X1,

Pengaruh Struktur Kepemilikan Institusional, Likuiditas dan Leverage Terhadap Financial Distress pada Perusahaan Telekomunikasi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2018 – 2021

The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of institutional ownership, liquidity, and leverage on financial distress. The data for this study were obtained from the Annual Financial Reports published by Telecommunication Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2018–2021. A total of 72 telecommunications companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2018 and 2021 were sampled using this technique. Applying analytical methods, such as logistic regression approach in statistical testing, the research findings indicate that the combined effect of leverage, liquidity, and institutional ownership on financial distress is 42.8%. Institutional ownership influences Financial Distress to some extent. Financial Distress is not affected by the Liquidity variable. There is no impact of leverage on financial distress. Institutional ownership, liquidity, and leverage variables can explain 42.8% of the Financial Distress variable, while other variables not included in the study explain the remaining 57.2%, according to the coefficient of determination (R2) value of the study, which is 0.428.

Liquidity, Profitability, Firm Size and Leverage on Company Value

This research aims to determine the effect of liquidity, profitability, firm size and leverage on company value in automotive and component sub-sector manufacturing companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with an observation period of 2012 - 2022. The method in this research uses panel data regression analysis and is tested using a program Eviews data processing 12. The population in this study were 13 companies in the automotive and components sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and 3 companies were used as samples in this study. The partial research results show that: 1) the liquidity variable has no effect on firm value, 2) the profitability variable has a significant effect on firm value, 3) the firm size variable has no effect on firm value, 4) the leverage variable has no effect on firm value and the test results are simultaneously identified that liquidity, profitability, firm size and leverage have a significant effect on company value.

PENGARUH SALES GROWTH, LEVERAGE, DAN INTENSITAS ASET TETAP TERHADAP TAX AVOIDANCE

This research hopes to be able to show the influence and relationship that occurs on sales growth, leverage, and the intensity of fixed assets on tax avoidance during 2015 to 2019 in manufacturing companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This survey used a sample of 64 companies which were selected based on techniqueof purposive sampling and the research method was quantitative. The data processed in this research was carried out with a program or software using SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science) version 26 and analyzed recording to multiple linear regression analysis. Data can be obtained through financial statement on the IDX official website. The result explains that the sales growth and leverage variables have a negative but significant effect while, the asset intensity variable has no significant effect on tax avoidance. The implications and suggestions needed are that an increase in sales growth and leverage is needed for decisions made on activities from tax avoidance.

Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Leverage, Earnings Per Share, dan Tax Planning Terhadap Return Saham

The goal of this study was to examine how factors like as profitability, leverage, earnings per share, and tax strategy affect the return on investment for shareholders. Variable earnings per share proxied by eps. The ratio of debt to equity serves as a proxy for the leverage variable. Profitability variable is proxied by return on asset. And tax planning variable is proxied by effective tax rate. Share return was considered as important by investor and company because it describes the financial performances of company. This study looked at many industries during the course of the years 2016-2022. Purposive sampling was used to pick the sample, and a total of 10 businesses were included. The multiple regression approach was used to examine the secondary data used in this study. This study found that profits per share did not influence share return, and leverage had a negative impact on stock returns. A negative and negligible impact on stock returns, profitability didn’t effect share return, and tax planning didn’t effect share return. Earnings per share, leverage, profitability, and tax planning simultaneously influence stock returns.

Pengaruh Financial Distress Dan Leverage Terhadap Konservatisme Akuntansi Pada Perusahaan Ritel Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This research aims to see the influence of financial distress and leverage on accounting conservatism. The data source used in this research is secondary data. The type of data used is quantitative data in the form of financial reports that have been uploaded to the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2019-2022. The object of this research is retail companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019- 2022. So the samples taken using purposive sampling obtained a sample of 14 samples for research. The statistical method used is multiple linear regression analysis, with hypothesis testing using partial tests (t tests) and simultaneous tests (f tests). The results of research hypothesis testing show that financial distress has a negative and significant effect on accounting conservatism, leverage has a positive and significant effect on accounting conservatism, and together the financial distress and leverage variables have an effect on accounting conservatism.

The Influence of Corporate Governance, Leverage and Environmental Performance on Firm Value (Case Study of Plantation Subsector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2014-2022)

The decline in company value amidst high demand for domestic palm oil is interesting to study. The research was conducted to determine the influence of the Independent Board of Commissioners, Managerial Ownership, Audit Committee, Leverage and Environmental Performance on Company Value as measured by Tobins'q with Company Size as a control variable. The object of the research is the agricultural plantation subsector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2014-2022. This research uses secondary data obtained from the IDX and company websites. Determining the sample using purposive sampling found 16 companies. Data analysis uses panel data regression using the Eviews 12 analysis tool. The research results partially show the influence of Managerial Ownership on Company Value. The Independent Board of Commissioners and Audit Committee do not influence Company Value. New findings on the Environmental Performance and Leverage variables have a negative effect on Company Value. Independent variables simultaneously influence Company Value.

Pengaruh Firm Size, Political Connection, Gender Diversity, Profitability, dan Leverage Terhadap Water Disclosure pada Perusahaan Sektor Pertambangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2021-2022

This study aims to determine firm size on water disclosure, the effect of political connection on water disclosure, the effect of gender diversity on water disclosure, the effect of profitability on water disclosure, and the effect of leverage on water disclosure in mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2021-2022. The research sample was 47 mining companies, using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis method with multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that, the firm size variable has no effect on water disclosure, the political connection variable has a significant positive effect on water disclosure, the gender diversity variable has no effect on water disclosure, the profitability variable has no effect on water disclosure, and the leverage variable has a significant negative effect on water disclosure. Simultaneously, the firm size variable, political connection, gender diversity, profitability, and leverage affect water disclosure.

Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Profitabilitas, Kepemilikan Saham oleh Publik, dan Leverage Terhadap Pengungkapan Internet Financial Reporting

This research aims to determine the influence of company size, profitability, public ownership, and leverage on Internet Financial Reporting (IFR) disclosures in food & beverage subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2020-2022. The independent variables in the research are company size, profitability, public ownership, and leverage, while the dependent variable is IFR. The research sample was taken using a purposive sampling method, and 30 companies were obtained that met the sample criteria, resulting in a total of 90 observation data. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis processed with the SPSS v.25 application. The results of this research show that simultaneously the variables company size, profitability, public ownership and leverage have a positive effect on IFR disclosure, and partially the variables company size and profitability have a positive effect on IFR disclosure. However, the variables of public ownership and leverage have no effect on IFR disclosure.