Levels Of Personal Accomplishment Research Articles

Prevalence of Burnout in Portuguese Public Health Medical Residents amid the Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Introduction: Burnout is a psychological syndrome characterized by a state of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a lack of personal accomplishment at the workplace. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout among Portuguese Public Health Medical Residents during the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic. Methods: Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey, using a zero (never) to six (always) ordinal scale. Sociodemographic and workplace setting data were also collected. Categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages, and continuous variables as means and standard deviations (SDs). Chi-squared and independent sample t tests were used to evaluate the distributions of these variables, with a p value of 0.05. Results: Eighty-three people participated. The average age was 30.46 (±3.91), and 57.8% were female. We found that 77.11% had high levels of emotional exhaustion, 61.4% had high levels of depersonalization, and 44.6% had low levels of personal accomplishment. 32.5% of the participants were experiencing burnout, 30.5% were at high risk, 25.3% were at moderate risk, and 12% were at low risk. Burned-out participants had higher levels of emotional exhaustion (40.63 ± 7.36; mean ± SD) and depersonalization (15.63 ± 5.94; mean ± SD), and lower levels of personal achievement (29.42 ± 7.30; mean ± SD) than their peers. Regarding sociodemographic and work setting-related data, no statistically significant differences were found between professionals with and with no burnout. Conclusion: The present study shows high scores on all components of burnout and its prevalence among the population studied. Further studies are needed to determine whether this phenomenon was specific to this period.

Trauma-Informed Sexual Assault Investigations Training: Lessons Learned Attempting to Enhance Sexual Assault-Related Understanding and Reduce Rape Myth Beliefs and Burnout among Police Officers

Abstract The City of Mobile Police Department’s (MPD) multidisciplinary Sexual Assault Kit Initiative team sought to identify and amend factors that theoretically contribute to high rates of sexual assault case attrition. First, the current study examined cross-sectional relations among officers’ rape myth endorsement, perceived understanding of trauma-informed sexual assault investigations, and burnout level. Second, using a cohort-based longitudinal design, this study assessed the effectiveness of MPD’s department-wide adoption of a professional development module in increasing self-reported understanding of trauma-informed investigations and reducing rape myth beliefs and burnout (T1, n = 331; T2, n = 229). Rape myth beliefs differed by burnout type and level. Officers with clinically high levels of emotional exhaustion or depersonalization reported greater rape myth acceptance and estimates of falsely reported rapes than those with average or low levels of emotional exhaustion or depersonalization. Officers with a high sense of personal accomplishment endorsed lower rape myth acceptance than but similar false reporting estimates to officers with average or clinically low levels of personal accomplishment. Months post-training, officers endorsed greater perceived understanding of trauma-informed sexual assault investigations. However, reductions in officers’ rape myth beliefs or burnout were not detected; on average, officers reported increased burnout at T2 regardless of whether training attendance was confirmed. Effective ways to achieve and sustain rape myth reductions while preventing and reducing burnout are needed.

Teacher Burnout: A Case Study among EFL Instructors at the English Preparatory Schools at Universities in North Cyprus

The job of being an English language instructor is both demanding and challenging. Recently many researchers have been paying attention to determine teachers’ attitudes, burnouts, and self-efficacy towards the subject and to find a relationship between those psychological concepts and certain variables. However, there is not much research done in the field of English language teaching in North Cyprus, Turkey, and in the Middle East regarding EFL teacher burnout and self-efficacy. This study aimed to investigate the perceived levels of burnout among EFL Instructors at the English Preparatory Schools in Girne American University, Near East University and the European University of Lefke in North Cyprus using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Education Survey developed by Friedman. The study, in which 51 EFL instructors participated found that instructors experienced low levels of emotional exhaustion, low levels of depersonalization in relationships with students, colleagues, and others, and a high level of personal accomplishment in their work. An EFL instructor’s age, marital status, work experience, weekly teaching hours, job status, native or non-native status do not seem to influence instructors’ responses on each of the sub-scales of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. However, variables gender and the university they work to influence their responses related to emotional exhaustion, but they do not influence their responses related to depersonalization and personal accomplishment scores on the Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Compassion Fatigue in the Burn Unit: A Review of Quantitative Evidence.

Healthcare staff across varied clinical settings are faced with varied stressors that can lead to compassion fatigue. However, there is currently no review examining the phenomenon in-depth in the burn unit. Thus, in the current study, the authors sought to scope existing studies to ascertain the prevalence, contributing factors, and effects of compassion fatigue in the burn unit. Compassion fatigue was conceptualized as comprising of burnout (BO) and secondary traumatic stress. Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review approach was used and reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) extension guidelines. Searches were undertaken across peer-reviewed databases and gray literature sources for quantitative studies. Following the search and screening process, nine studies were retained. Codes were formulated across studies following which narrative synthesis was undertaken. The majority of the studies (n = 5) focused on burn care nurses. High levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and comparatively low levels of personal achievement were reported among burn care staff which is indicative of BO. Compassion fatigue was also observed to be high among burn care staff. Contributing factors are varied, albeit some variables such as age, staffing levels, remuneration, nature of the work environment, and number of years worked were consistent across some studies. In conclusion, working in the burn unit is challenging with significant stressors that can lead to BO, traumatic stress, and subsequently, compassion fatigue. Interventions to promote resilience, hardiness, optimal working environment, peer, and psychosocial support are greatly needed.

Ethnic Minority and Majority Social Workers Working with Ethnic Minority Clients: Culture-Bound Professional Interventions and Burnout among Arab and Jewish Israeli Social Workers

Purpose This study tests a new bicultural model of social work with ethnic minority clients. We examined how often social workers applied professional interventions rooted in the minority and majority cultures and how the choice of interventions affected the social workers' burnout. Methods: The study was conducted in Israel, and the research samples included Arab ( n = 300) and Jewish ( n = 210) social workers. Results: We found that Arab and Jewish social workers more often used interventions rooted in the minority than in the majority culture. More frequent application of both types of interventions was associated with a higher level of personal accomplishment in both groups of social workers. However, the connection between interventions rooted in the majority culture and burnout was positive among Jewish and negative among Arab social workers. Discussion: The implementation of the obtained results in social work practice with ethnic minorities is discussed.

The Role of Resilience in Reducing Burnout: A Study with Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Although burnout is a widely studied topic, there is still much to learn about this symptom during a pandemic crisis like the one caused by COVID-19. Moreover, and according to the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) theory, the relation between personal resources and burnout is still an understudied topic. The main goal of this research is to understand the influence of mental resilience on the three dimensions of burnout-emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement-among healthcare workers when exposed to a pandemic situation. A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the administration of an online survey to a sample of 196 healthcare workers (nurses and doctors) during the second wave of COVID-19 in Portugal. Hypotheses were tested using Partial Least Squares. The results show that during a pandemic situation, higher levels of resilience associated both with lower levels of emotional exhaustion (Emotional Exhaustion: −0.17; 95% Confidence Interval–CI: −0.38, 0.04) and depersonalization (Depersonalization: −0.17; 95% CI: −0.31, −0.03), and higher levels of personal achievement (Personal Achievement: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.40, 0.61). Resilience should be considered an important asset for reducing levels of burnout when facing highly stressing situations. The main contribution of this research is related to the role of personal resources as an inhibitor of negative consequences of job strain, such as burnout. The findings add new knowledge to the topic of fighting (not just understanding) burnout in deeply stressful situations, like the COVID-19 pandemic, reinforcing the importance of developing personal resources. Resilience skills may be developed, thus reducing the risk of burnout.

Burnout in emergency medical technicians and paramedics in the USA

PurposeThis study was designed to examine burnout in US emergency medical services (EMS) providers. It examined burnout scores measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) on a convince sample of US EMS providers as well individual variables associated of burnout in this population.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a convince sample, recruited using social media, of EMTs and paramedics and engaged them in an online survey to obtain information on burnout in this population. The responses were analyzed using stand statistical approached in order to determine MBI burnout scores, as well as which individual variables were influential in contributing to burnout in EMS.FindingsThis study found that most EMS providers had high levels of depersonalization and medium levels of personal accomplishment and emotional exhaustion. Gender differences were found as they were differences based on agency type and response area.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation is the nature of sample recruitment. The use of social media for the recruitment of this type of study has not been done before. Furthermore, it is a convince sample. This issue has limited impact on the results and the ability to apply them more generally because despite the convince nature of this sample, the sample is similar to those used in other studies as well as reflect that national statistics on the make of this population. The second major limitation of this study is that it does not include job specific and organization specific factors that may contribute to burnout. The findings for the variables used in this study suggest that future works should encompass these variables as well.Practical implicationsThis study sets a clear foundation for further examination of US EMS providers and burnout. It helps to establish key ideas that can be followed up. Difference and key issues among US EMS providers need to be understood on a more comprehensive level before the assertion that they are similar to EMS providers worldwide. Ultimately, there is a need to develop better screening tools to assess burnout in EMS as well as to develop prevention and intervention programs based on clear empirical data.Social implicationsBurnout EMS provides are a harm to themselves as well as the organization that employ them. The cost of burnout EMS provider crosses over to patient care and provision of care.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first to examine such a large US-based sample of EMS providers using the MBI. Other studies have used smaller sample or other tools to assess burnout in providers

Acculturation Orientations, Professional Interventions and Burnout amongst Ethnic Minority Social Workers Working with Ethnic Minority Clients: A Case of Arab Citizens of Israel

Abstract In this article, we formulate a new bicultural model of social work with ethnic minorities. The suggested model connects acculturation orientations, professional interventions and burnout amongst social workers working with ethnic minority clients. We tested this model in a sample of Arab Israeli social workers (n = 299). The study results confirmed that ethnic minority social workers working with ethnic minority clients used interventions that may be classified as either rooted in the minority or the majority culture. Arab Israeli social workers used slightly more often interventions rooted in the minority than the majority culture; however, the two types of intervention were complementary rather than contradictory. Acculturation orientations of Arab Israeli social workers were connected to their choice of professional interventions. Specifically, a higher preference for separation was associated with more frequent use of professional interventions rooted in the minority culture. In contrast, a higher preference for integration was associated with more frequent use of interventions rooted in both minority and majority cultures. More frequent use of interventions rooted in the majority culture was associated with a lower level of burnout and a higher level of personal accomplishment, whilst more frequent use of interventions rooted in the minority culture was associated with a higher level of burnout. Based on the obtained results, an integrative approach to education and training of social workers and social work practice with ethnic minorities is advocated.

The 47th Annual Meeting of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation: Nurses Group – Oral Session (NO001 – NO010)

Background: Italy was one of the first European Countries to deal with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, since its appearance in China. The virus spread from northern regions to central and southern ones with different intensity. Drastic emergency restrictions were introduced including quarantine and self-isolation measures. Initially, these were limited to Northern Italy then extended nationwide. The Italian Health System is organized on a regional basis with different funding, resources, institutional pathways. Health Care Professionals (HCPs) working in clinically demanding areas such as Emergency Departments and Intensive Care Units are at high risk of developing physical/mental health outcomes related to Coronavirus pandemic, such as stress, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders and burn-out symptoms (Luo et al., 2020). Nurses in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) Units are caring for complex immune-compromised patients, being hospitalized for long period without seeing relatives. However, it is not known if nurses working in HSCT settings experience similar problems during the pandemic. The aim of the study was to investigate physical and psychological issues among nurses working in Italian HSCT Units during COVID-19 spread. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2020 through an online questionnaire sent to nurses working in Italian HSCT centers registered with GITMO (Gruppo Italiano per il Trapianto Midollo Osseo). Data were collected immediately after the lockdown period (during phase 2, consisting of a progressive reduction of lockdown measures) in order to:-investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders and burnout symptoms with validated tools: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), respectively.-explore significant correlations with other variables such as geographical areas (Northern Italy-NIT vs Central Sothern Italy-CSIT) according with COVID-19 incidence, its spread. Statistical analysis was performed using the Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) Statistical toolbox version 2008 (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA). Results: Three hundred and eight nurses working in 61 Italian HSCT Units responded to the survey: 214 nurses from NIT and 94 nurses from CSIT. Nurses responding from CSIT were older (mean 47, p = 0.0001) and male (74.5%, p < 0.0001). More nurses from NIT did not have children compared to those from CIST (49.5% vs 30.9%, p = 0.0023). Symptoms like stress, anxiety and depression were more frequently reported by CSIT than NIT nurses (NIT 27.7% vs 12.6%, p = 0.0013). MBI results: NIT and CSIT nurses reported low level of emotional exhaustion (median score: 14.0 vs 12.0 respectively) and depersonalization (3.0 vs 4.0);medium level of personal accomplishment (36.0 vs 34.5) were reported without significant differences between groups. Worst sleep quality was detected on nurse working in CSIT centers than NIT (global PSQI score 7.6 vs 6.5;p = 0.008) with the main differences in sleep duration (p = 0.006), sleep disturbance (p = 0.03), need of medication (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Despite cited differences on disease incidence and spread of infection, COVID-19 pandemic did not appear to have an impact on nurses' sleep quality or symptoms of burnout. Greater sleep disorders of nurses working in CSIT centers suggests that other factors influencing this issue.

Burnout in urban teachers: The predictive role of supports and situational responses

AbstractTeachers in urban schools experience stress and burnout at levels that significantly impact their mental health and occupational functioning, and contribute to alarming rates of attrition. The current mixed‐methods study employed a sample of 162 predominantly White and female urban teachers in the United States to examine the role of personal and contextual factors, and responses to situational challenges, in predicting burnout. Results revealed that multiple personal factors and responses to situational challenges predicted burnout. Notably, higher levels of professional and social‐emotional support predicted lower levels of burnout across multiple dimensions, while internal locus of control and digestive responses to situational challenges, respectively, predicted higher levels of Personal Accomplishment and Emotional Exhaustion. Implications include further avenues of research and suggestions for supports which function as teacher resources in the mitigation of burnout and promotion of wellbeing for urban teachers.

Prevalence and predictors of burnout and work-life balance within the haematology cancer nursing workforce.

The effects of burnout can have serious consequence for individual nurse's, patients and healthcare organisations. The aim of this study was to assess prevalence and predictors of burnout and work-life balance amongst haemato-oncology nurses. This study employed a cross-sectional survey design. Haematology cancer nurses attending a 2-day conference in Ireland, during Oct 2019 were recruited. Anonymised data were collected on: 1) socio-demographics and occupational variables, 2) burnout using Maslach Burnout Inventory and 3) satisfaction with work-life balance. There was an 80.4% survey completion rate (n=78 of 97). One-third of haemato-oncology nurses reported high levels of emotional exhaustion, with an additional 46% experiencing moderate levels. Despite this, 64% of nurses highlighted a moderate or high level of personal accomplishment. Demographics such as <40yrs old, unmarried, working ≥25hrs per week and having 6-10 years' experience in haemato-oncology, all showed trends towards increased burnout, although none reached statistical significance. Over half (58%) surveyed were dissatisfied with their work-life balance. Nurses with dependent children had statistically significant poorer work-life balance scores. In addition, one-third reported they did not receive adequate support or reasonable adjustments from their organisation, with inpatient nurses finding this particularly challenging. Taking into consideration the high levels of burnout, healthcare organisations should have a responsibility to teach approaches of stress management, self-care and foster resilience within their workforce. Oncology nurses with dependent children, working in in-patient settings, have identified a need for greater flexibility with working conditions, to improve work-life balance.

The perceptions of burnout and related influencing factors in Chinese physicians and nurses working in a cancer hospital.

This study aims to compare the burnout level and perceptions of burnout between oncology physicians and nurses, and to explore the relationship between these perceptions and the burnout level in physicians and nurses separately. The whole crew of the Peking University Cancer Hospital was invited to participate in the survey. Maslach Burnout Scale Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) was used. Ten additional items on the perceptions of burnout were added to assess concerns on burnout, perceptions on the negative impact of burnout and perceptions on how to prevent burnout. In total, 862 (71%) oncology clinicians completed the questionnaire, including 285 physicians (33%) and 577 (67%) nurses. The proportion of the high risk of low personal accomplishment (PA) is higher in nurses than in physicians (39.3% V.S. 29.8%, p=0.007). Most clinicians (72.2% of physicians, 82.4% of nurses) would like to participant in interventions to prevent burnout, but only a few of them (5.7% of physicians, 4.1% of nurses) had an opportunity to participate in. Both physicians (91.9%) and nurses (89.8%) rated increasing paid vacation as the most priority strategy to prevent burnout. The job-hopping intention is correlated to a high level of burnout in both physicians and nurses. The burnout level did not differ significantly between oncology nurses and physicians, except the low PA level. There was a big gap between their needs for burnout interventions and the resources they really had. The clinicians with a job-hopping intention should be paid attention to their burnout.

The prevalence of burnout syndrome among critical care nurses in a tertiary hospital in Pahang, Malaysia

Recent studies provide an alarming view on the prevalence of burnout that has increased worldview markedly. This study aims to determine the level of burnout, association between socio-demographic characteristics and the correlation between burnout elements. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 118 critical care nurses using Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) to assess their emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA). It consists of 22 items with a 7-point Likert type rating scale. No significant difference between socio-demographic characteristics and the levels of burnout. 64.4% of participants scored high on emotional exhaustion, most of the participants (72.9%) had high levels of depersonalization and 37.3% of the participants reported high levels of personal accomplishment. Despite having high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, critical care nurses in the tertiary hospital can maintain a positive evaluation of their accomplishment.

Burnout in Postgraduate Trainees and Consultants working in Psychiatry Departments of Teaching Hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan

Objective: To gauge the prevalence of burnout among postgraduate trainees and consultants working in psychiatry department, Services Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Methods: 31 trainee and consultant psychiatrists in Services Hospital Lahore, Pakistan participated in this cross-sectional study. Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory (aMBI) measured burnout. It consisted of 9 items, relating to emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. Each item is scored on a seven-point Likert scale. For Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization, higher scores predicted greater burnout; Personal Accomplishment demonstrated the opposite, hence its scores were inverted. Participants with moderate scores in 2 or more dimensions were identified as suffering from burnout syndrome. Data was analyzed by SPSS 25.0. Result: Mean age of participants was 34.87 ± 8.06 years. 52% were female. 58% were consultants, with average experience of 7 years; 61% practiced in more than one place. 32.3% of participants had burnout syndrome. Emotional Exhaustion subscale showed the highest scores i.e. 7.06 ± 3.43. 71% of participants demonstrated moderate or high burnout in this scale. Average Depersonalization score was 2.94 ± 2.42, while that for Personal Accomplishment was 3.29 ± 2.25. Conclusion: A significant portion of the sample reported moderate and high level of emotional exhaustion. On the contrary, we found low levels of depersonalization in the sample. Most psychiatrists reported adequate levels of personal achievement. These results are reassuring because, despite the presence of emotional burnout, psychiatrists still have capacity to empathize and provide adequate patient care.

Burnout in nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: New challenges for public health.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, frontline nurses have faced extraordinary personal and professional challenges. These challenges have had mental health consequences, and concerning reports of burnout have emerged globally. We conducted a cross-sectional survey at a designated COVID-19 hospital in Shanghai at the peak of the pandemic, i.e. about 2 months after the onset of the outbreak from February to April 2020. Findings revealed burnout in 6.85% of nurses. Of 336 respondents, 87 (25.89%) had a high level of emotional exhaustion, 61 (18.15%) had a high level of depersonalization, and 100 (29.76%) had a low level of personal accomplishment. Burnout can be prevented by offering more support from families and supervisors, paying attention to health monitoring and personal protection, and creating a rational human resource allocation and shift management system. Specific training on infection control and self-protection, mental health guidance, and stress coping techniques must be implemented. As the current health crisis ultimately abates, moving the focus from mental health issues to public health issues, more attention and support at the national and organizational levels are needed to reduce occupational discrimination, nurse autonomy and status need to be promoted, and public health emergency teams need to be created. A positive and fair working environment is essential to effective healthcare delivery.

Hemodialysis nurse burnout in 31 provinces in mainland China: A cross-sectional survey.

Job burnout is an occupational psychological syndrome with a high prevalence among nurses in China. Hemodialysis (HD) nursing work has the characteristics of high intensity, high technical content, and high risk. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and level of job burnout among HD nurses in China and explore the potential factors associated with burnout among HD nurses. This was a cross-sectional study in 2019. Survey data were collected from 2738 HD centers in mainland China. Job burnout was measured by the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The working atmosphere, interpersonal relationships with colleagues, and intention to leave were each assessed by a single question respectively. Multiple linear regression and structural equation modeling were used for the analysis. A total of 10,570 surveys were collected. A total of 1199 (11.34%) HD nurses reported a high level of emotional exhaustion, 782 (7.40%) reported a high level of depersonalization, and 6767 (64.02%) reported a low level of personal accomplishment. Job burnout in the Northeastern region of mainland China was higher than that in other regions (p < 0.05). The working atmosphere, interpersonal relationships, region, hospital level, educational level, career planning, age, and number of children were significantly associated with burnout among HD nurses (p < 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.313). The working environment, individual factors, and specialist nurse training were significantly associated with HD nurse burnout and intention to leave (comparative fit index = 0.907; goodness of fit index = 0.930; root mean square error of approximation = 0.055). There were notable regional differences in the burnout of HD nurses. This study contributes to the knowledge of the possible relationship of job burnout and intention to leave in HD nurses. It is suggested that improving the working atmosphere or interpersonal relationships and providing more training opportunities can alleviate job burnout in HD nurses.

Feeling the Burnout: Perceptions of Burnout, Anxiety, Depression, and Personal Achievement in US Podiatric Medical Students

Medical student burnout is a significant problem, which has led to the introduction of institutional intervention initiatives to combat the phenomenon. However, the incidence of burnout among podiatric medical students has not been previously assessed. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the perceptions of burnout, anxiety, depression, and personal achievement among podiatric medical students. A 50-question anonymous survey containing the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was distributed to all students of eight US podiatric medical schools. Demographic and personal information regarding the student's free time, study time, family support, class or exam failures, loan debt, and previous work experience were recorded. Four hundred and eighty students completed the survey, and 479 responses were eligible for inclusion (response rate of 22.2%). Overall, 65.1% reported moderate or high self-perceived rates of burnout, a rate comparable to allopathic and osteopathic medical students. Respondents also reported high levels of emotional exhaustion and anxiety, but low levels of personal achievement. A predisposition for burnout was identified for third-year students between the ages of 26 to 35 years with borderline or abnormal levels of reported anxiety. The present study contributes to the growing body of literature regarding burnout with respect to the podiatric profession. Despite inherent limitations, the findings suggest institutional interventions for the promotion and development of protective factors may be warranted.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders and Burnout Syndrome among Community Paramedic Staff

Background: Community health nursing specialties is continuously changed and updated according to the community needs, ambulance paramedics staff is one of the specialties in community health nursing, and they play a vital role in emergencies even at home, they play a role in advancing home care which reduces the cost in the health care system, they deal with serious conditions such as pandemic situation as in case of COVID-19 pandemic nowadays. So, this group of staff must be studied to understand the occupational problems that might be facing them and help them to deal with it. Aims of the study: the current study aimed to assess the post-traumatic stress disorders among paramedic staff, and to evaluate the burnout syndrome severity among paramedic staff as a community paramedic. Material and Methods: A descriptive exploratory research design was used. Settings: The study was carried out at once out of the seven regions served by the Egyptian Ambulance Organization (EAO) namely Alexandria region which serves three Egyptian governorates (Alexandria, Matrouh and Beheira governorate). Subjects: All paramedic staff working at the chosen settings and meet the inclusion criteria (68) was recruited in the study. Tools: Data was collected through using three tools “Paramedic Staff Health Profile and Sociodemographic Assessment Tool, Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS) Tool and the Clinician administered Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) Past Month Version. Results: The current study indicate that the studied paramedic staff has different degree of burnout syndrome and post-traumatic stress disorder with a significant association with multivariable such as age, marital status level of education, years of experiences, working hours per week, sleeping hours and their evaluation for their health condition. Conclusion and Recommendations: it was concluded that, the paramedic staff burnout inventory scale indicate that around one third of them have high emotional exhaustion level, whereas, more than two fifths of them have low level of personal accomplishment. Around one third have high level of depersonalization. Furthermore, three quarters of the studied paramedic have mild, minimal distress or disruption of activities followed by moderate, distress clearly present but still manageable. It was recommended that, regular screening of paramedic staff should be done for evaluating stress, depression, and anxiety. Proper management must be held at early stage of symptoms of BOS and PTSD. Inservice stress management training especially for invoice community paramedic staff must be executive to raise their awareness regarding the possibility of PTSD and BOS and how to deal with.

Prevalence of burnout among nurses practicing in the surgical departments of a Moroccan university hospital

Background: The aim of our study is to evaluate the prevalence of burnout among nurses practicing in the surgical units of a Moroccan university hospital.Methods: This is a qualitative cross-sectional observational study Conducted from July 2017 to December 2017 among nurses working in the 12 surgical units of the hospital. Nurses provided a self-administered questionnaire with socio-demographic and burnout data using the Maslach burnout inventory.Results: Among 183 nursing nurses, 130 (82 women/48 men) completed the questionnaires (71%). The prevalence of burnout across all grades was 86.2% (low level: 33.8 %, moderate level: 46.2%, high level: 6.2%). High emotional exhaustion was noted among 95 nurses (73.1%), a high level of depersonalization among 75 nurses (57.7%) and a low level of personal accomplishment among 12 nurses (9.2%). High emotional exhaustion and major depersonalization were observed together in 61 nurses (46.9%). Women appeared more likely to burnout (p=0.03). Nurses working in visceral surgical emergency unit, neurosurgery unit and traumatology orthopedics unit seemed to be more affected by emotional exhaustion (p=0.002).Conclusions: The prevalence of burnout among surgical nurses is worrying. Surgical nurses whose activity is much more related to emergencies are the most exposed. A preventive and therapeutic strategy is needed to reduce the extent of burnout.

Burnout and job satisfaction among psychiatrists in the Mental Health Service, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar.

Job satisfaction is a critical concern among medical staff and directly affects patient safety and quality of health care services. Burnout has been reported to be correlated with job satisfaction. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of burnout and level of job satisfaction among psychiatrists working in the Mental Health Service, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar, and examine correlations among socio-demographic variables, burnout, and job satisfaction. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Job Descriptive Index (JDI). One-third of psychiatrists reported high levels of emotional exhaustion, with a similar proportion describing low levels of personal accomplishment. Less than 20 % demonstrated high levels of depersonalization. Trainees were more burned out than senior psychiatrists. Opportunities for promotion was the only factor with which the majority of psychiatrists were not satisfied. The prevalence of high burnout in psychiatrists remains lower in Qatar than in other countries. Lower levels of satisfaction with co-workers, work, supervision, opportunities for promotion, and the job in general increased emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Interestingly, satisfaction with salary did not have a significant effect on burnout.