Level Of Parental Awareness Research Articles

Awareness of Parents about the Side Effects of Phenobarbital and the Management of Epileptic Children, Taif City, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Many children were suffering from neurological problems. One of these neurological problems is epilepsy, which causes seizures. Children with seizures were managed with different drugs. A drug like phenobarbital is used mainly for epilepsy. This study aimed to assess the awareness of parents about the side effects of phenobarbital and the management of epileptic children, describe the clinical presentation of children with epilepsy and assess the knowledge of parents about the management of epileptic children. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among parents of children diagnosed with epilepsy. Online questionnaire survey distributed to parents of children with epilepsy. A total of 200 parents were included. The age group is 31-40 years old, 72(36%). Parents' knowledge about epilepsy was 98(49%). There were 104(52%) parents who reported seizures caused by low doses of Phenobarbital led to a loss of consciousness. Non-compliance with the required dose occurred majorly due to forgetting the dose 102(51%). The number of children with epilepsy was significantly associated with the awareness level of parents (P=0.0001). In addition, the awareness of parents was significant at the time of epilepsy diagnosis of children (P=0.01). An inadequate awareness among parents regarding the side effects of Phenobarbital, and there were gaps in their knowledge regarding other aspects of the condition and its management.

Evaluation Awareness of Parents About Use of Medications in Children

Background: Proper use of medications in outpatients, as an important issue, especially in children, should be considered. Objectives: The aim of present study was to evaluate the awareness of parents about the consumption of medications. Methods: This interventional study was conducted on patients’ parents referred to Amir Kabir Hospital. First, a medical history was taken, and then they completed a compiled questionnaire. After completing the checklist by parents, they were educated about general information on how to use medicines. Before and after the education about the proper use of medications, data were analyzed by SPSS software. Results: From one hundred evaluated cases, the mean and standard deviation (SD) of age were 4.3 ± 2.4. In addition, we observed statistically significant differences between the level of parental awareness before and after the intervention. Conclusions: In parents with any level of education, training about the proper use of medications is necessary and important.

ANALYSIS OF PARENTAL AWARENESS OF TOILET TRAINING SUCCESS IN CHILDREN AGED 1-3 YEARS

The low success of toilet training in the community influenced the many mothers who do not train their children for chapters and bak in their place. The purpose of this study is the influence of parental awareness levels on the success of toilet training in children aged 1-3 years. The design of this study is observational with a cross sectional approach. The population using simple random sampling techniques obtained a sample of 33 respondents. The results showed that most of the respondents had a lesser level of awareness, which was 23 respondents. And most respondents have the ability to toilet training late, which is 23 respondents. There is an influence on the level of parental awareness on the success of toilet training. The level of parental awareness is able to increase the success of toilet training in children, parents want to motivate and train their children toilet training early on.

Level of Parental Awareness Regarding Aerodigestive Pediatric Foreign Bodies, Western Region, Saudi Arabia

Background: Foreign body aspiration (FBA) is a life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate, especially in children less than three years of age. Delayed diagnosis is often due to the non-specific presentation of symptoms and the absence of a witness to the aspiration event. Aim: This study aimed to assess parental knowledge and practices toward aerodigestive paediatric foreign bodies ingestion or inhalation, in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among Saudi parents in western region, Saudi Arabia during the period between 1st To 20th August. A pre-structured validated self-administered questionnaire containing 11 questions of awareness and 4 questions of practices toward aerodigestive pediatric foreign bodies, was distributed online via various Social Media platforms. The questionnaire was initiated after literature review for similar articles and after experts’ consultation for validity and reliability. Results: A total of 611 child caregivers completed the study questionnaire. Exactly 508 (83.1%) respondents were children’s mothers and 103 (16.9%) were their fathers. Exactly 93.1% of the study parents heard of swallowing or inhaling foreign objectsand 77.3% reported that children aged 1-5 years are more likely to swallow or inhale foreign objects while 20.5% reported for children aged less than 1 year. About 69% of the parents buy children toys that contain small parts but to different degrees. As for protective actions, keeping small items out of children’s reach was reported by 95.4% of the parents. Conclusion: In conclusion, the study revealed that parental knowledge and practices toward FBA were on average (but not satisfactory) especially for the correct actions for swallowed objects and timely visits to ER even for asymptomatic ingested FB. On the other hand, safe practice, especially keeping small objects out of children’s reach, was high, but observing young aged children while playing was unsatisfactory. Key words: Children, foreign body aspiration, knowledge, parents, practices

Knowledge and Awareness Level of Parents Regarding Preschool Children's Privacy According to Demographic Characteristics.

Although the concept of privacy is as old as human history, it has attracted attention as a social need in recent years. An important issue regarding child protection is privacy. This research was carried out to determine the awareness and knowledge of children's parents on awareness of child privacy right. A total of 107 students' parents, registered in preschool, consisted of the sample of the study. This research was descriptive research. To determine the relationships between categorical variables, chi-square analysis was used as the statistical methods of the research. Total of 29% of parents stated that they always asked permission from their children to enter their room, 80.4% never took off their children's clothes nearby someone else, 83.2% never preferred clothes older than their children's age, 69.2% never showed affection for child's private parts, 54.2% they never loved their children by battering him/her (biting, squeezing, etc.). It was found that parents with boys preferred more clothes older than their age for their children compared to parents with girls, and the rate of waiting in the toilet with their children decreased as the age of their children increased. It was determined that as the education level of the mothers of the children increased, they entered the children's room with permission. It was observed that as the education level of fathers increased, they preferred clothes older than their age significantly less for their children and working mothers did not wait in the toilet with their children. Parents' awareness of privacy can contribute to their awareness of abuse. Overall, this study provided evidence that parents' awareness of privacy may have universal characteristics as well as aspects specific to sociocultural context.

Determining the Knowledge Level of Parents about Their Children’s Rational Drug Use

The main responsibility for the rational use of drugs (RUD) in children belongs to the parents. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and awareness level of parents about RUD in children. The study included literate volunteer parents with no learning disability. The rational drug use scale (RDUS), developed by Demirtas, was modified to assess parents' knowledge about RUD in children (higher score indicates higher knowledge level). Questionnaires for which all questions were not answered were excluded from the study. Two-group differences (gender, employment status, health insurance) were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare the differences among three or more groups (age: ≤30, 30-40 and >40 years; education level: elementary, high school, associate degree and bachelor degree or higher; income: <2000 TL, 2000-5000TL and >5000 TL; number of children: 1, 2, 3 and ≥4). The study included 410 participants (mean age: 35±8.2; female: 58.3%). The mean scores obtained from the scale was 21.31 ± 4.1. Among females, the knowledge of RUD varied across education level (X2=32.333, p<0.001), income class (X2=16.096, p<0.001) and the number of children (X2=7.868, p=0.049). RDUS score was higher in employed females compared to non-employed females (U=2337.5, p<0.001). In male participants, the knowledge of RUD varied across education level (X2=32.130, p<0.001), income class (X2=16.893, p<0.001) and the number of children (X2=8.307, p=0.040). It was concluded that parents displayed incorrect attitudes and behavours regarding the use of drugs for in children.

Sociodemographic Profile of Encephalocele Patients in Department of Surgery, Neurosurgery Division, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital From 2015-2019: A Retrospective Study

Background: Encephalocele is a collection of congenital diseases characterized by protrusion of brain tissue with or without protrusion of the meninges through a defect in the skull.1 Incidence of encephalocele is found in 1 in 35.000 live births in North America and Europe. Five Types of encephalocele based on anatomical location have different patterns, where in western countries it is reported that it is more often located in the occipital area, whereas in Southeast Asia the frontoetmoidal type is more frequently reported. geographic.3 On this basis, this study was carried out.&#x0D; Method:This research is a retrospective study with a descriptive design. Data taken from January 1st, 2015 to December 31st, 2019.&#x0D; Result: There were 27 encephalocele patients with complete medical record data with the most distribution being women, age range 1 month to 1 year, work of self-employed parents, ethnic Sumatran parents, region of occipitocervical lesions, onset of action 1 month to 1 year, and the most complications. is a cele rupture&#x0D; Conclusion: The level of parental awareness and appropriate management of all medical personnel determine the prognosis of encephalocele sufferers.

Modern trends of behavioral risks of studenting youth

The formation of individual health is the result of a complex convergence of biological, behavioral, social, economic and environmental factors. According to WHO, the causes of 70 % of deaths in the adult population are associated with behavioral factors were formed in adolescence. Questioning of 1006 children of senior school age from different regions of Ukraine showed a high level of prevalence of bad habits among adolescents there in particular smoking and drinking alcohol. Microsocial conditions, such as the organization of training, the nature of relationships in the family and with peers lead to the formation of a certain model of behavior in adolescence. The leading factors of the learning environment, most associated with addiction to bad habits, were low success and motivation to study, problems in relationships with teachers. The most significant аmong family factors were the social structure of families, the presence of bad habits among parents, the lack of trusting relationships with children and the low level of parental awareness of the problems and needs of children, unorganized free time and lack of control by parents on its implementation. An assessment of basic needs satisfaction showed that girls are less satisfied with themselves (49.6% girls, 63.1 % boys, p &lt;0.01) and their state of health (58.6 % girls, 71.6 % boys, p &lt;0,01). The most adequate point of application of efforts in implementing programs to preserve and promote the health of students is the school. There it is possible to successfully combine the efforts of teachers, medical workers, psychologists and parents in matters of creating a conscious attitude of youth to their own health.

Parental Awareness on Cyber Threats Using Social Media

In recent years, the use of Internet has increased exponentially and most of the users are from adolescents. Internet technology has facilitated cyber threats activities and many of the cases are from adolescents. Users at this age need parental guidance and support because they are still naive or immature to understand the risks of Internet. Hence, many developed countries have imposed on clear guidelines on the Internet to control and guide the users and understand the risks they will encounter when they are online. The guidance on how to use the Internet or social media begins at home and requires parental involvement to educate the children. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate on the parental knowledge and readiness whether they aware of the risks of Internet to their children. The level of parental awareness can be correlated with cyber safety at home. It is important to identify the awareness as one of the early cyber threat prevention. This study employed survey and questionnaire as the data collection techniques. The sample consisted of 872 parents with children aged 17 and below. A statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. A mixture of descriptive and inferential statistics were used during the analysis method. The finding shows that parental awareness of the cyber threats is at the medium level and still need to be improved to promote cyber safety. Early exposure to parental awareness on cyber threats would aid in opening up knowledge about cyber security among parents. Keywords: Cyber safety, cyber threats, cyberparenting, parental awareness, social media.

Awareness Level of Parents about Antibiotics Those Are given to Children in Riyadh Region 2017

Background: Defect of use of antibiotics is bothering pediatricians. This defect is participating in the prevalence of one of global health problem called antibiotic Resistance. Many articles are supporting the idea that use of antibiotics is positively related to antibiotic resistance and this problem is increasing and growing up. By the way, incorrect use of antibiotics has many factors that contribute on, like patient attitude and deficiency of education from the physician who prescribed the antibiotic. Also, patient's knowledge and practice with the antibiotic like self-prescription. What is patient expecting from antibiotic and previous experience with antibiotics? Parents are responsible to give medications to children. So, we need to increase parents' knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) toward antibiotics to reach new generation without antibiotic resistance. Regarding Saudi Arabia, antibiotic resistance already exists and the rate of resistance is increased in the last decade. Aim of the work: To assess how parents are aware of antibiotics those given to their children by evaluating knowledge, attitude, and practice of parents in Riyadh region, central Saudi Arabia. Methods: This is questionnaire based cross-sectional study. Authors were circulating on Riyadh Region to find volunteers to fill questionnaires among parents of children in public places by selecting parents of children up to 12 years old by choosing random samples from each place. The questionnaire has two parts: the first part, as usual, is containing demographic data. While the second part: is the part that is evaluating KAP of parents towards antibiotics. Then we compared the final results by Chi-Square test and p-values less than 0.05 was considered as significant value. Results: around 1058 parents volunteered to participate in this study (response rate was 88.16%) by mean age of 38. Around 89.6% used antibiotics for their children before. There are 9.5% of parents were believe that their children need antibiotics each time they get sick. More than 35% of our participants don’t complete period of antibiotic use to their child as what is mentioned on prescription. About 82.3% believe that antibiotics can harm children. There are 41.7% of parents bought antibiotics to their children from the previous prescription. Around 61.1% don’t know the term antibiotic resistance. There are 28.4% of participants could change their doctors if they don't prescribe antibiotics easily, while only 642(60.7%) could change their doctors if they prescribe antibiotics excessively. About 68.1% of participants believe that doctors prescribe antibiotics excessively. Nearly 49% have good KAP, 41% of participants have intermediate KAP and remaining 10% have poor KAP. Females are better than male in KAP, people with high degree education are better than other and parents who used antibiotics before are better than those who didn’t (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: Level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of people in Riyadh region is ranging between good to moderate, and tends to be good. We can expect antibiotics resistance to happen among new generation in Riyadh region. There is an unacceptable idea that is highly prevalent among parents that doctors excessively prescribe antibiotics. Moreover, mothers have better awareness than fathers. People with high degree level of education have better awareness than others.

DIET VARIETY VERSUS PARENT PERCEPTIONS OF PRE-SCHOOLER MEALTIME BEHAVIOURS

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Children came up with a number of children rights. Among them is the Right to eat healthy food, derived from Article 27, which states that every child has a right to a standard of living that is good enough to meet their physical, social and mental needs. The study investigates relationship between diet variety and parent perceptions of pre-schooler children, the eating challenges which pre-schoolers face, the levels of parental awareness on the significance of dietary varieties and strategies parents are using to curb eating problems of pre-schooler children. The study recommends that, there be a link between diet variety and parents’ perceptions on mealtime behaviours of their children particularly the pre-schoolers. Therefore parents should be taught on the importance of dietary variety to the children and how to enforce good eating habits. Article visualizations:

Determining Awareness Levels of Benefits of Sports in Individuals with Autism with Regards to their Families and Private Education Teachers

The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of awareness by families and private education teachers regarding individual benefits of sportive events realized with the aim to facilitate the lives of individuals with autism. In the research as data gathering tool, “Personal Information Form” that is developed by the researchers and “Awareness Scale aiming for the impacts of sports in individuals with mental disabilities (ZEBSEYFO)” being developed by Ilhan and Esenturk (2015) was used. Research population was composed of 187 people living in the cities of Zonguldak, Bartin and Karabuk, 74 of which are parents having individuals with autism. According to the findings obtained from SPSS 21 package program in the study, when gender variable is handed with respect to the family, it was determined that difference between the levels of scores obtained by female and male participants (mothers and fathers) from ZEBSEYFO was at a meaningful level in favor of female participants as statistically (U:271,000; p<0,05). According to the findings obtained, it was determined that as per the educational status of participants, difference of ZEBSEYFO scores between educational levels was statistically meaningful and a meaningful difference was found in the awareness level of parents who were not literate (0,038) (p<0,05). As a result of these findings, it was determined that awareness level of mother in a family having an individual with autism was higher and that awareness level of parent not being literate was higher.

Reported prevalence of habitual pediatric snoring and the level of parental awareness

This study aimed to identify the symptoms and prevalence of snoring among primary school children in Ankara, Turkey, as reported by their parents and to determine the level of parental knowledge regarding possible associations between snoring, mouth breathing and dentofacial development. Parents of children ages 8–12 attending 8 randomly selected primary schools from different districts in Ankara were asked to complete a 43-item multiple-choice questionnaire to collect information about snoring habits of children and possible adverse effects of habitual snoring (HS), defined as snoring more than 3 times per week, on dentofacial structural development. A total of 2245 questionnaires were distributed, and 1,516 were returned (return rate 67.52%). The overall prevalence of snoring was reported to be 37.60%, whereas the overall prevalence of “habitual snoring” (more than 3 times/week) was reported to be 6.33% (16.84% of “all snorers”). A correlation was found between passive smoking and habitual snoring frequency. Nocturnal and diurnal symptoms increase with an increase in the frequency of habitual snoring in children. Although the majority of parents surveyed (61.56%) were conscious that snoring was an indication of a likely medical risk, less than half (47.18%) were aware of the impact of snoring on jaw development; these findings indicate the need to raise awareness of this issue among the general public.

Knowledge, Awareness and Attitude towards Emergency Management of Dental Trauma among the Parents of Kolkata-An Institutional Study.

Traumatic dental injuries are one of the commonly encountered dental emergencies. Missing anterior tooth in children due to any injury can be a source of considerable physical and psychological discomfort for the child. The prognosis of some dental injuries depends to a great extent on parents' knowledge of correct and prompt emergency measures. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and awareness level of parents regarding the emergency management of dental trauma and to find out the relation of the responses to social variables. A total of 2000 parents were surveyed over a period of three months using a pretested close ended questionnaire prepared in English, Hindi as well as in the regional language which was divided into three parts: Part 1 contained questions on personal information, Part 2 on an imaginary case of trauma to assess their knowledge regarding trauma management and Part 3 related to their attitude towards dental trauma management education. The data was statistically analysed using descriptive and chi-square statistics. The overall knowledge of parents regarding emergency management of trauma was not satisfactory. Although most of the people were in favour of taking professional consultation for emergency management of trauma but most of them were unaware of the steps that need to be taken on their part so as to minimize complications and improve prognosis. Educational campaigns are the need of the day to increase the knowledge of parents regarding emergency management of dental trauma.

Assessment of Awareness Levels of Parents – A Multivariate Approach

Disability is a complex, and dynamic phenomenon impacting lives of children afflicted with it, in numerous ways. Conventionally children with disability have been relegated to the margins, both within the child rights agenda and disability rights movement. Their dependence on parents for fulfillment of basic needs and human rights entitlements provides the basis for parents having to take on the responsibility to ensure the same. Parents can take action leading to fulfillment of entitlements based on their awareness of available information, services and facilities. The study aims to find out the level of parents awareness with respect to human rights entitlements of their children. It discusses the detailed methodology applied in this study for assessment of awareness levels of parents. This study lends itself to the use of a quantitative paradigm as the findings allow for generalization using a large sample size and the work pre supposes that parents' awareness of rights of Children with Disabilities is affected by (i) personal factors of Parent (i.e. age, sex, religion, educational attainment, occupation) (ii) socio-economic factors such as number of children and nature of family, family income, per capita income) and (iii) factors relating to child with disability (i.e. age, sex, type of disability, age at the onset of disability and birth order of child in the family). A decision tree method is used to establish the dominant factors from among the personal and socio-economic factors of respondent parents which impact the awareness level of parents of child with disability. From the decision tree method, it is established that parents' education attainment is the most dominant factor affecting their awareness levels. From the remaining factors, birth order of the child in the family, child's type of disability and number of children in the family are also dominant factors affecting awareness of respondent parent of rights of child with disability.

English

Child marriage is a strong social custom, particularly for girls in Bangladesh. There are many reasons for child marriage. But most vital reasons among them are poverty, superstition, lack of social security and lack of awareness. According to UNICEF report, &lsquo;the State of the World&rsquo;s Children, 2009&rsquo;, &ldquo;Early marriage is pervasive in Bangladesh, with 64 percent of girls married before age 18. Early pregnancy often results from child marriage; one-third of girls aged 15 to 19 in Bangladesh are currently either mothers or pregnant.&rdquo; Although child marriage is prohibited legally, but occurrences of child marriage are still happening in rural areas of Bangladesh. According to the Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929 the minimum legal age for marriage is 18 years for females in Bangladesh. Along with this Act child marriage is punishable by law. The right to free and full consent to a marriage is recognized in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and in many subsequent human rights instruments &ndash; consent that cannot be &lsquo;free and full&rsquo; when at least one partner is very immature. Bangladesh also acceded to the UN Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages on 5 October, 1998. These laws, however, have little impact on the frequency of child marriage in Bangladesh. Laws should be enforced to discourage child marriage; however, legal actors alone are insufficient. Social awareness programmes may also be effective in deterring child marriage. To prevent child marriage, a wide range of individuals and organizations need to create awareness among people, particularly the poor. Especially, parents and government can play main role in reducing child marriage. An environment should be ensured where children get &nbsp;proper care and facility to grow up completely and properly. This paper attempts to present the socio-economic and physical consequences of girl child marriage and its legal protection with awareness level of parents in rural Bangladesh.&nbsp; &nbsp; Key words: Child marriage, consequence, law, awareness. &nbsp

The Best of Both Worlds?

This study explored influences on racial identity of mixed race youth who identified themselves to be part of mixed African (Black) and European (White) origin. Research questions emerged following a review of the literature identifying the ways in which views of self, family, peers and society impact youth and their racial identification. Eight in-depth interviews employing the Long Interview Method were conducted, transcribed and coded to determine themes. Family influences emerged as playing a significant role in biracial identity formation. Three major themes were identified: (1) level of parental awareness and understanding of race issues; (2) impact of family structure; and (3) communication and willingness to talk about race issues. Implications for researchers and social work practitioners working with this population are discussed.

Smoking practices and risk awareness in parents regarding passive smoke exposure of their preschool children: A cross-sectional study in Tehran

Young children living with parents who smoke are exposed to unacceptable health hazards. To determine patterns of parental smoking, the level of parental awareness about hazards of secondhand smoke, and the effect of risk awareness on smoking behavior. Health centers affiliated with two teaching hospitals in Tehran. Cross-sectional. Data was collected from parents of preschool children visiting the health centers, through face-to-face interview, during a period of 18 months. Data was analyzed by multiple logistic regression, and analysis of variance was done for comparison of means. In a total of 647 families, prevalence of parental smoking was 35.7%, (231 families). In 97.8% of smoking families, only the fathers smoked; and in 5 (2.2%) families, both parents were regular smokers. Prevalence of smoking was higher in poor families as compared with families who were well-off (39% vs. 25%; P = 0.025), and also in families with lower educational level. There was no significant difference in risk awareness between smokers and nonsmokers (P > .05). Low socioeconomic status and low education were identified as risk factors for children's exposure to secondhand smoke; parental risk awareness had no apparent effect on the smoking behavior. Unlike western societies, fathers were the sole habitual smokers in most families. Since factors that influence smoking behavior vary in different cultures, interventional strategies that aim to protect children from the hazards of tobacco smoke need to target diverse issues in different ethnic backgrounds.

Parental Belief Systems and Difficulties in Parenting: Using the Parental Awareness Scheme as a Therapeutic Guide

This article applies in clinical practice an empirically derived cognitive-developmental concept called “parental awareness” to facilitate the creation of a therapeutic alliance with parents and to motivate them toward change. The concept encompasses parental belief systems about their children as well as ideas about the parental role. The typical complaints and motivations of parents functioning at each of the four levels of parental awareness—egocentric, conventional, child centered, and relational systemic—are spelled out, and suggestions are offered for corresponding useful techniques for stimulating parents' more reflective and complex thinking.

Parental Awareness of Their Children's Homework Motivation and Preference and Its Relationship to Achievement

ABSTRACT The degree of parental awareness of their children's homework motivation and preference and its relationship to homework achievement and homework attitude were investigated in 329 Chinese fifth graders (172 boys and 157 girls) and 244 seventh graders (130 boys and 114 girls) and their parents. The level of match between children's homework preferences and parents' perception of their child's homework preferences indicates that there exists a fairly high level of awareness of child's preferred way of doing homework in Chinese parents. In general, a high level of parental awareness of child's homework preferences was associated with high achievement and positive attitude toward homework in the child. While gender differences became more pronounced in the upper grade, parental awareness became less influential in achievement of teacher-rated lomework assignments. In the lower grade, gender was not a major factor contributing to achievement differences, but parental awareness was a more important factor influencing children's homework achievement and attitude toward homework. Parents are often unaware of their children's preferred way of learning and studying. Without parental knowledge of individual differences in learning preferences, potentially positive parental influence could be compromised.