The article analyzes the indicators of the quality of work of enterprises of Ukrzaliznitsa for 2000-2018. The paramount attention to the dynamics of quality indicators is due to the fact that they characterize the efficiency of resource use and the prospects of managerial decisions. Qualitative indicators determine the internal qualities, signs and characteristics of the phenomena studied. They are used to evaluate manufactured products in terms of their compliance with established requirements, to assess the economic efficiency of labor and material costs, as well as financial investments. The article considers such indicators as locomotive performance, train speed, average daily mileage of a locomotive, wagon productivity, average turnover period of a freight wagon, etc. It is noted that a decrease in locomotive performance indicators is associated with a critical level of their wear. It is emphasized that during the operation of rolling stock beyond the service life, the safety indicators of economic efficiency significantly worsen, and the resource and energy intensity of transportation increases. The decrease in locomotive performance leads to a lack of traction, which many railway company customers are already experiencing, primarily agricultural, metallurgical, as well as coal industry enterprises. Several factors influence the level of car productivity. First of all, this is a high level of wear, which does not allow the use of the entire fleet of cars. An analysis of the UZ carriage fleet shows that the specific gravity of both freight and passenger cars with an expired life is higher than the specific gravity of cars that are within the nominal life. Wagon productivity is closely correlated with the average mass of a freight train, the value of which also tends to decrease. An important indicator of the use of a car is its turnover, which has been increasing recently. This leads to an increase in the deficit of freight cars to meet the demand for transportation and inefficient use of the rolling stock. The main reasons for the increase in wagon turnover are deficit traction and a decrease in infrastructure capacity. An important factor is the wear of the track and the lack of high-quality network repair. A decrease in the quality indicators for the use of locomotives and wagons leads to an exacerbation of the problem of a shortage of the latter. Wagon shortage is experienced by many industries. The lack of wagons negatively affects the image of the railway company. The deterioration of the rolling stock does not allow to achieve an increase in the average local speed of freight trains, and this increases the period of cargo delivery, i.e. reduces the competitiveness of railway transport. The above-mentioned problems in the development of the railway industry indicate that the task of attracting large investments in the industry should be put first in the complex of tasks to be solved.