Level Of Practical Knowledge Research Articles

Competency Approach in Nurse Training

In the current conditions of market relations, especially in the context of reforming the medical education system, it is necessary to change the quality of training of specialists in order to train demanded and competitive graduates of secondary vocational educational institutions using a competency approach. The competence approach contributes to the orientation of the young specialist to obtain theoretical knowledge, increasing the level of practical knowledge that a graduate of a medical college should have and his ability to master in the labor market. The opinion of medical college students about the knowledge and practical skills required by the graduate is important. To this end, a questionnaire survey of 84 medical college students was conducted. First-year students do not yet have a clear idea of ​ ​ the competence approach in the learning process and the importance of not only theoretical knowledge, but also clinical disciplines, practical communication skills. Students of the 3rd year have already formed an opinion about the importance of all subjects and motivation for future professional training. The introduction of a competency approach in the training of nurses makes it possible to conduct the educational process at a qualitative level, contributing to the training of highly qualified, competitive specialists in the medical labor market.

Peer-mediated education and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in preschool inclusive programs: the power of games

ABSTRACT This study investigated how peer-mediated structured game activities changed and improved peer relations in an inclusive preschool classroom for a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A case study was used in which 17 typically developing (TD) children aged 60–71 months, a 66-month-old boy diagnosed with ASD and the preschool teacher participated. Data were collected before and after peer-mediated structured game activities. The peer tutors engaged in structured activities with the child with ASD for six months. Interviews and observations, picture sociometry, researcher’s diary, teacher’s diary, and structured play were used to collect the data. The findings revealed significant differences in participants’ functional skills before and after the peer-mediated structured game activities. It was observed that the TD children and the boy with ASD improved their social, emotional, and language skills. Children played together for longer. Play time increased, the number of participating children increased. Typically developing children cooperated more and assumed more responsibility. The child with ASD tried to produce meaningful words and participation in play activities was observed. In addition, the peer-mediated structured activities positively supported the teacher’s classroom management and classroom climate. In addition, the teacher’s level of practical knowledge improved.

Educational design and modelling of electro-hydraulic control system machine tool motion

Purpose. To present the design and modeling technology of real electrohydraulic systems, for use in the educational process of a higher educational institution, and the prospects of the proposed approach in the training of technical specialists. As an example, the model of the motion control system of the hydraulic cylinder of the device for fixing parts on the working table of a milling machine, created on the basis of components of the Festo company, is considered. The methods. The methodological basis of the work is a systematic approach, which consists in the use of modern FluidSim software - comprehensive software for creating, modeling and studying, including electro-hydraulic circuits and educational equipment of the Festo company, which allows students to acquire and develop practical skills and at the same time simulate a real working environment . Additional advantages of computer and physical modeling in the educational process are the interactive component, which facilitates the visualization of educational material and improves the process of problem solving. Findings. Taking into account the pedagogical features inherent in the world trends in technical education, the application of a comprehensive approach using computer and physical modeling in the training of technical specialists in the design of electrohydraulic systems is justified in the educational process. The sequence and results of the students' work on one of the options for the implementation of the educational project – the control system for the motion of the hydraulic cylinder of the device for fixing parts on the work table of the milling machine – have been demonstrated. The result of the proposed approach is also an increase in students' motivation, the achievement of a higher level of practical knowledge and skills compared to the traditional model of education. The originality. A modified algorithm for the formation of an extended model of mastering educational material from electro-hydraulic devices and systems with the use of modern software and equipment has been developed. Which allows students to acquire and develop practical skills and at the same time simulate a real working environment. Practical implementation. The materials of the work can serve as a basis for using the proposed integrated approach, which will improve the process of learning and teaching electrohydraulics, ensuring a higher level of learning outcomes, especially in terms of acquiring practical knowledge and skills.

Distance Education: Imbalance between Possibilities and Threats

Purpose: To quantify the opportunities and threats arising from the spontaneous expansion of distance learning in the wake of the pandemic and measures to counteract its spread.Research methods: ex-pert analysis, fuzzy logic, comparative analysis.Results and conclusions. The analysis of three groups of experts’ opinions: employers, university professors and students showed not-high values of revealed possibilities, connected with distance learning. Among them the average level of assessment reached: the increase of the level of computer literacy and the possibility of learning without disconnecting from the main activity in any geographical location. The latter opportunity is given more importance by employers than by teachers and students. Many threats of distance learning are evaluated as having a very high and high importance. The highest level of threat of reduction of the level of practical knowledge is marked by all expert groups. Almost the same level of significance was assigned by all expert groups to the negative impact of long-term computer use on students’ health. Opinions of expert groups differ with regard to other threats. Employers are the most cautious about them, they single out several other significant threats connected with the learning process – decrease of emotional component of the educational process and teachers’ lack of mastery of computer technologies which does not provide transfer of the necessary amount of information to students. Teachers and students assess these threats as less significant. The threats noted actualize the need to: strengthen the practical orientation of training in both distance and face-to-face format, expanding the competence of teaching staff in the field of computer technology, developing a system to counteract the negative impact of long-term use of computers on the health of students.

Effectiveness of the Family and Friends CPR course in learning cardiopulmonary resuscitation in relatives of patients with high cardiovascular risk or who have suffered a cardiovascular event

Introduction: Early, high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) increases survival rates in cardiac arrest. Although most cases occur at home and are witnessed, CPR is performed in few of these cases. For this reason, teaching CPR is especially important in relatives of patients with high cardiovascular risk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Family and Friends CPR course in the theoretical and practical learning of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in relatives of patients with high cardiovascular risk or who have suffered a cardiovascular event. Materials and methods: We carried out an analytical, quasi-experimental, prospective, before-and-after study. We selected 20 participants during outpatient consultation at the Cardiology Department of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital in Lima, Peru. A theoretical knowledge questionnaire and an adult CPR checklist were used to assess the level of theoretical and practical knowledge, respectively. The theoretical knowledge was measured at three points in time (before, immediately after and one month after the intervention) and the practical skills at two points in time (immediately after and a month after the intervention). Results: The level of theoretical knowledge was low (8.64 ± 2.47) before the intervention, achieving a good level of knowledge immediately after (17.33 ± 2.02) and one month later (16.5 ± 1.91). Furthermore, the medians of the level of practical knowledge were 15 immediately after and one month later, showing that they maintained a good level of practical knowledge. Conclusions: The Family and Friends CPR course was effective in the theoretical and practical learning of CPR in the studied population, and was sustained one month after the intervention.

Practical And Applied Knowledge Of Athletic Trainers On The Female Athlete Triad

BACKGROUND: The female athlete triad is the interrelation of low energy availability, menstrual dysfunction, and low bone mineral density. Athletic trainers are in a position to be able to identify the female athlete triad in athletes. However, limited research exists regarding practical and applied knowledge of the female athlete triad. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the level of practical knowledge of athletic trainers on the female athlete triad and also determine if athletic trainers are applying this knowledge by properly screening athletes for the female athlete triad. METHODS: Certified athletic trainers (n=116) completed an online survey via Qualtrics that assed both knowledge of the female athlete triad and current practical application of the female athlete. Linear-by-linear tests were used to find associations between practical knowledge and applied knowledge for related components of the triad. RESULTS: The athletic trainers mostly work with high school athletes (39%) and college athletes (32%). Fifty percent of the athletic trainers had at least 7 years of experience. Sixty-nine percent of the athletic trainers were female. While most of the general knowledge of the athletic trainers was high (for example 70% believe that increasing energy availability is key when returning an athlete back to sport and 73% believe that repeated stress fractures is a red flag for the female athlete triad) most of the applied knowledge was low (for example only 14% screen their athletes for eating disorders and only 36% ask about history of stress fractures). Linear-by-linear association (p=0.050) demonstrated an association between agreeing about importance of energy availability and always screening for eating disorders. However, we did not demonstrate linear-by-linear association (p=0.354) between agreeing that stress fractures are a red flag for the female athlete triad and asking about history of stress fractures. CONCLUSION: While general knowledge of the female athlete triad is high, a low percentage of athletic trainers appear to be applying their knowledge in prevention and detection of the female athlete triad. More education is need to help athletic trainers to implement screening, prevention, and return to play techniques to keep our athletes safe.

Cultural Development Of The Participants Of Tatar Business Language Courses

This paper deals with the problem of the Tatar business speech development in state and municipal employees in the short-term courses under the program of Business Tatar For the implementation of this project, programs have been developed and approved in accordance with the requirements of level-grade education in the Tatar language. In the process of studying the Tatar language, students of the courses practically master both oral and written speech, language features of business communication in the Tatar language, and deepen their linguistic competence. This is the relevance of the materials presented in the article. According to the program of these courses, students are divided into groups depending on the level of practical knowledge of the Tatar language. The specifics of each level are the topics for business communication, speech and language materials, which together serve to develop the communicative competence of students. The study of such topics as “Business communication, establishing business contacts, business etiquette”, “State and municipal authorities: types, structure, activity”, “Telephone negotiations”, “Holding meetings and negotiations within the organization”, “Official business style of speech”, “Organizational and administrative documentation”, “Business letter in Tatar language”, “Official duties”, “Business trips”, aimed at digesting aspects of the Tatar speech culture in oral and written business communication. The approbation of the developed system of teaching business Tatar language is carried out on the basis of the Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication of the Kazan Federal University. It allows students to form a culture of Tatar business speech, taking into account their fields of activity. This is due to the fact that the application of the Tatar language in the sphere of official business activity of the highest state and other structures in the Republic of Tatarstan is given special attention.

"An Evaluation Of Students Skills And Expactations Related With The Job Aspirations "

The overall objective of the research is to evaluate the students' skills and aspirations, in order to highlight the professional features and opportunities they had acquired after graduation. Primary data were collected by questionnaire. The results can be used to describe the profile of the students from Economics with regard to the identification of skills that a company's employee or manager should have. The questionnaire tackled three aspects: a general theoretical one, the other focused on the transition from school to active life, and the last aimed at the students' skills and expectations. It was intended to outline a student profile by identifying the expectations and abilities of the persons surveyed, and also to identify the respondents' opinions on the attitude regarding the students' level of practical knowledge and on the importance of their theoretical professional training, their practical training and their professional experience for the future job.

PSYCHOLOGICAL PREREQUISITIES OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION / DRR / AS STUDENTS PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY ENSURING ELEMENT

The following article considers the ways and possibilities of the implementation of separate lectures and practical lessons of DRR in the subject programs of the educational process in the pedagogical Universities of RA, as a special subject to ensure the students psychological safety. The article also reveals the psychological mechanisms of ensuring security and preserving the integrity of individual learners in the alleged extreme situations. A set of activities with the use of art genres /canvases, photographs, laboratories, gyms, etc/ is proposed, as well as modeling of challenging situations by which it becomes possible for the teachers and students to shape primary knowledge of DRR. Special designed programs will allow the future teachers to provide a high level of practical knowledge and psychological preparation to learners in case of possible disasters.

Revisiting the Role of Formal and Practical Knowledge from a Sociology of the Professions Perspective

The article starts with the question of how the complexity of practical occupational knowledge is linked to and reflected in the vertical grading of an educational programme. The sociology of professional groups theory clearly differentiates between practical tacit knowledge and explicit formal knowledge, which is systemized in educational programmes. It presumes that those occupations whose practical work is more demanding and complex, such as doctors or lawyers, call for university programmes, while the educational programmes of other occupations (e.g. machine operators) appropriately remain at lower educational levels. This article studies whether or not this is really the case. It goes beyond this question and looks into the black box of practical occupational knowledge: required occupational competences, modes of learning and intellectuality of work. The article examines which of these elements are the most important for higher degrees of educational programmes. Finally, it develops a simple classification of occupations by the level of practical knowledge and a vertical formalization of the corresponding educational programme. For testing these confirmatory and exploratory hypotheses, the article uses a Slovenian pilot survey that encompasses 63 occupational groups with very diverse levels of formal education. The findings are put in the context of the Central European educational tradition (to which Slovenia belongs), where the accent on systematic, scientifically structured and theoretically grounded education persists.

What's Cooking in America?

This study looks at cookbooks published in the United States as narrators of ethnicity. It contends that cookbooks are social texts through which ethnic culinary knowledge is articulated into the dominant culture. Cookbooks reveal the means through which ethnicity is detached from its holders, modified by agencies of the dominant culture and reassigned an ethnic version. Through this process, food writers reduce ethnicity to the level of practical knowledge made available for sharing among people of various backgrounds. The study of the propagation of ethnic culinary culture in America is of particular interest because its discipline entails a changing negotiation about American (mainstream) and ethnic cuisines.