Level Of Occupational Risk Research Articles

The Relationship Between Work Position Risk and the Level of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Private Limited Company Personnel

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are abnormalities that affect the musculoskeletalsystem, triggered by various risk factors in the work environment. Commonly, MSDs occur due to non-ergonomic working conditions. It arises from chronic exposure to risk factors that can cause injury to the musculoskeletalsystem, this condition will impact on the social and economic aspects of employees. This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of employees, description of the region and the level of musculoskeletal complaints experienced, risk of work positions based on RULA assessment, and the relationship between risk of work positions and the level of musculoskeletal complaints with an analytic cross-sectional design. The study sample was 33 employees of the Engineering Section of private limited company personnel. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. The results show that the majority of the Engineering Department employees at private limited company personnel were 23 years old (36.4%) and had worked for two to three years (33.3%). As many as 48.5% of employees experienced moderate levels of musculoskeletal complaints. Of the 33 respondents, the majority of employees (63.6%) had a low-risk position, nine people (27.3%) had moderate risk, and three (9.1%) had high risk. There is a significant relationship between the risk of work position and the level of musculoskeletal complaints (P < 0.05). There is a significant relationship between the risk of working position and the level of musculoskeletal complaints in personnel of limited liability companies. Keywords: employee health, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), level of occupational risk

Прогнозирование уровня травматизма в организации на основе результатов оценки профессиональных рисков

The methodology for converting the results of occupational risk assessment into forecast coefficients of injury frequency and severity is provided. The criticality of assessment of occupational risks and hazards for employees’ safety and health is accentuated. In the article, a unified methodological framework of risk assessment, including a general nomenclature of hazards, probability scales, severity of consequences of disabilities, occupational risk level classification, and a clear definition of the concept of «acceptable risk» are described. Notably, in most cases, employees question the necessity of occupational risk assessment; therefore, intuitive and motivating indices to encourage taking preventive measures to reduce and eliminate risks are required. The methodology is provided along with a step-by-step specification of the initial data and calculation formulas. It is noted that the software (1С: Labor Safety) can significantly facilitate the process of risk assessment and management. The methodology that enables the identification of prioritized risks, adjustment of risk levels, and evaluation of the efficiency of preventive measures taken, was proposed.

ANALYSIS OF WORK RISK LEVEL WITH SUITABILITY OF SAFETY SIGN AT PT. AIR MANCUR KARANGANYAR

Production activities that use machines pose a risk of danger to workers. The maintenance and repair of machines in the production process also has many potential hazards. So the purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the level of occupational risk on the suitability of the safety sign at PT. Air Mancur Karanganyar. Hazard Identification Risk Assessment Determinant Control (HIRADC) method is a way of identifying hazards, risks and determining control of hazards. This study used a cross sectional quantitative, the sampling technique used was Porportionate Statified Random Sampling is if the population had members or elements that had proportional strata with the samples being 38 people. The inclusion criteria for this study were workers in engineering rooms, Solid External Medicines (OLP), and cosmetics at PT. Air Mancur Karanganyar. Data analysis of a spearmen correlation test. The results that there is a significant influence between the Level of Occupational Risk on the Compliance of the Safety Sign at PT. Air Mancur Karanganyar with a significance value of 0.012. The recommendations is are the placement of safety signs such as the Caution for Pinched Hands sign, routine socialization twice a week, and review HIRADC once a year

METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO DETECTING UNDECLATED WORK

Negative economic phenomena such as the informal labor market and informal employment in the formal sector are becoming increasingly widespread and pose a major threat to the economy as a whole and to social security in the labor market. These phenomena have the following common features: illegal employment of an employee without entering into an employment contract, which is provided for by the current legislation of Ukraine, concealment of actual working hours and payment of wages "in an envelope", substitution of actual employment contracts with civil and commercial contracts, non-payment of taxes, social insecurity and a high probability of employees being unemployed. At the same time, in the event of an injury in the informal labor market, the injured worker must spend significant funds on treatment without any compensation payments.
 The author examines the priority areas of state policy aimed at eliminating the threats of the informal labor market and the main reasons for the spread of informal employment in Ukraine, taking into account the specifics of the current state of the economy, as well as the consequences of informal social and labor relations for both the employee and the state (a significant reduction in the volume of budget revenues, as well as the share of tax revenues). The purpose of this study is to create tools for assessing the status of formalization of labor relations in Ukraine with a view to properly organizing state supervision (control) measures to identify undeclared labor relations, and to ensure uniformity of approaches for labor inspectors to assess the risks of undeclared labor by entities. A phased expert evaluation of measures to reduce production risk at an industrial enterprise with the introduction of weighting coefficients according to certain criteria is proposed. A consistent model for managing the risks of using undeclared labor has been developed, based on a component method for assessing the risk of traumatic events and a mathematical model of management decisions. This model takes into account all available information on labor relations obtained from various sources of its accumulation in the executive authorities, stimulates preventive activities and allows to establish the dependence of the level of occupational risk on the validity of labor protection measures and reduce the influence of the subjective component of expert judgments

Features of professional hearing loss with combined exposure to noise and vibration

For most modern industries, there is characteristic the simultaneous impact of noise with other factors aggravating its effect.
 The purpose of the study is to determine the features of occupational hearing loss in the combined effects 
 of noise and vibration.
 Materials and methods. A comparative assessment of the level of occupational risk and audiometric indicators was carried out in three groups of employees: 1st group (210 people) — is exposed to noise, 2nd group 
 (170 people) — to noise and local vibration, 3rd group (200 people) — to noise and general vibration.
 Results. In group 1 workers exposed to isolated noise, occupational hearing loss was diagnosed significantly less frequently compared to group 2 and 3 including workers exposed to combined noise and vibration 
 (7% vs. 14 and 13%, respectively, p < 0.05). Combined exposure to noise and vibration increases the risk of occupational hearing loss by 1.82–1.85 times (RR = 1.82–1.85; EF = 45–46%). Audiological features 
 of the lesion of the auditory analyzer have been revealed depending on the presence and nature of the affecting vibration, manifested by changes in hearing thresholds in certain frequency spectra and their combination. According to the data of speech audiometry, a violation of speech intelligibility with the presence of speech-tonal dissociation was revealed in workers of groups 2 and 3, indicating violations in the central department 
 of the auditory analyzer.
 Limitations of the study. The study is limited to the study of the features of occupational hearing loss in the combined effects of noise and vibration in mining workers according to audiometric indicators.
 Conclusion. The conducted studies have shown the need to develop individual programs for the preservation of hearing, taking into account the degree of risk and the identified features of the formation of occupational hearing loss. The topic of research on the effects of noise and vibration on hearing loss requires in-depth research, taking into account the intensity and duration of vibration exposure, the type of vibration generating equipment.

Development of a risk map for a teacher on the example of the St. Petersburg College of Railway Transport

The procedure for assessing and managing occupational risks for the provision, creation and functioning of the labor protection management system is considered. The stages of risk assessment, the sequence of establishing the degree of risk are given. A map of hazard identifi cation and determination of the level of occupational risk has been formed. The assessment of the risk level is carried out to rank them and identify the priority of measures to reduce the levels of the highest risks, control measures for less signifi cant risks, as well as methods for assessing the measures taken and monitoring their eff ectiveness. Risk assessment helps to improve the effi ciency and validity of decision-making on occupational safety management, reduce the risk of accidents and occupational diseases at a particular workplace, and also helps to increase: motivation of employees to comply with labor protection requirements; social protection of workers; personnel qualification. Methods for assessing the level of professional risks are determined taking into account the nature of the activity and the complexity of the operations or processes performed in the organization. The practical signifi cance for the teaching staff lies in improving the quality of the educational process, developing new approaches to professional situations and developing the creative capabilities of students, including participation in championships in the most popular professions.

ANALISIS RISIKO KERJA PADA PROSES PEMBUBUTAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE HIRARC

Poor management of occupational safety and health (OSH) has an impact on occupational accidents. This results in losses for both the individual worker and the company. Therefore, the occupational hazard accident risk analysis was carried out using the HIRARC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control) method. Data collection was conducted from the business owners of SSBC (Sanggar Sarana Baja Cakra) Welding and Turning Shop, located in Cakranegara, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara. There are 3 work activities for risk identification, namely the clamping process, the engraving process and the drilling process. The results of the analysis show that the highest level of occupational risk occurs during clamping and engraving process. For drilling, it's in low level of risk. As for risk management, it is mainly done for high-risk level. Immediate improvement is needed by providing personal protective equipment (PPE) to workers to reduce these risks. Based on these results, business owners can do evaluation on his business so occupational accidents can be in the workplace.

Improving a process of managing dynamic occupational risks

Purpose. To improve the process of managing dynamic occupational risks, which considers changes in time in hazardous factors of the organization’s environment in the occupational safety and health management system. Methodology. To improve the process of managing occupational risks, we have applied a well-known “Bow-Tie” model (ISO 31010:2018). The model allows assessing occupational risks as the product of the probability of hazardous event occurrence and severity of the consequences, taking into account the influence of hazardous external and internal factors, hazardous actions or dangerous inactions, which, according to the requirements of Clause 4.1 of the ISO 45001:2018 standard, are interconnected and subject to the influence of time. Findings. A model of the connection of hazardous factors of the internal and external environment of an organization, related to their negative influence on the growing probability of hazardous event (incident) occurrence and a degree of severity in time, has been developed. The process of managing occupational risks is proposed, taking into account changes in the time of exposure to hazardous factors, which will allow determining the acceptability or unacceptability of the occupational risk in time. The analysis of changes in occupational risks is proposed to be considered in the following time intervals (specifically in those where there is a corresponding change in risk factors): time of the day, day of the week, month of the year, quarter, half year, year, years etc. All the proposed professional risks were divided into two groups of professional risks considering the changes in their levels in time: static and dynamic ones. To calculate the occupational risk level, it is also proposed to determine all combinations of hazardous factors that can occur simultaneously in time within the corresponding intervals of the time under analysis. Originality. It has been determined that identification of the acceptable level of an occupational risk in the maximum combination of all hazardous factors acting simultaneously at a certain point in time will lead to the fact that all other combinations of hazardous factors will also have an acceptable level of occupational risk. This provision follows from the fact that the level of occupational risk from a smaller number of hazardous factors will not exceed the indicator of occupational risk from the exposure to a larger number of hazardous factors in time. Practical value. The forms for dynamic occupational risk assessment have been developed; a matrix has been proposed for determining the number of combinations of hazardous factors acting simultaneously in time.

Some approaches and criteria for assessing the risk of developing occupational diseases

Introduction. The creation of safe working conditions allows not only to reduce the rates of occupational morbidity and occupational injuries among employees, but also to increase the efficiency and efficiency of work, which together reduce the financial losses of employers. Therefore, the improvement of methodological approaches to the assessment of occupational risks is an urgent task of modern preventive medicine. The study aims to substantiate the need to apply new approaches and criteria for determining the level of occupational risk based on the analysis of occupational morbidity in a group of people exposed to harmful industrial factors. Materials and methods. Researchers have carried out a retrospective analysis of occupational morbidity and an analysis of the working conditions of railway transport workers (798,126 people) operating in conditions of constant exposure to harmful production factors. Indicators of occupational morbidity have been recalculated for 10 thousand workers employed in workplaces with harmful and dangerous working conditions. The authors used the software and application package "SPSS 23" during the calculations. Results. The main occupational diseases of railway transport workers are: professional sensorineural hearing loss (PSHL) (60-75%), pneumoconiosis and dust bronchitis (4-20%), diseases of the peripheral nervous system and musculoskeletal system (6-9%), vibration disease (WD) (3-10%). The indicator of occupational morbidity per 10.000 of all employees of JSC "Russian Railways" for PNST, radiculopathy and vibration disease were 0.25, 0.014, 0.056, respectively. The new indicator of occupational morbidity, calculated for 10,000 workers working in harmful and dangerous working conditions with factors such as noise, vibration, and severity of labor, was: PSHL - 1.08, radiculopathy - 0.06, WD - 0.78. We have carried out the forecasting of the development of PSHL, which is based on data on the profession, the presence of harmful production factors, age-experience indicators and the degree of PSHL. Conclusion. The existing approach to the assessment of occupational morbidity, calculated for 10 thousand of all employees, is not objective, does not reflect real risk levels, understates official data on occupational morbidity, and creates difficulties for the development of effective management decisions. It is necessary to approve a new approach to the assessment of occupational morbidity, calculating it for 10 thousand workers directly exposed to harmful and dangerous factors. The developed prognostic model of the risk of developing PSHL, based only on information about the profession, work experience, and age of the employee, is not objective and does not give accurate predictions about the timing of the onset of occupational disease. To improve the prognostic model, it is necessary to include additional indicators based on clinical and laboratory studies, as provided by the methodology for the formation of risk groups (groups 1-5) for the development of occupational diseases.

An occupational health risk index: definition, description and mapping at municipality level.

to develop an occupational health risk index that can help to introduce the occupational risk component into epidemiological studies and assess the level of occupational risk in Italian municipalities useful for supporting prevention measures. defi nition of a municipal index as a combination of occupational and territorial indicators derived from national registers of occupational data and environmental archives. the index composition is based on data on work injuries, occupational diseases and workers exposed to carcinogens in the years 2015-2019 available at the municipal level, as well as data on municipalities hosting sites of national interest for environmental remediation (SIN) and those in which big industrial facilities (GIE), registered as pollutant emitters, are located. standardized rates of occupational injuries and occupational diseases occurred in Italian municipalities were calculated from data collected by the Italian National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work (Inail) in relation to the working-age population (15-69 and 15+ for injuries and occupational diseases, respectively), estimated by the Italian National Statistical Institute (Istat) in 2018. In addition, data from the National Information System on Occupational Exposure to carcinogens (SIREP) were included, from which raw rates were calculated at municipal level. Finally, two other indicators were included, describing the presence/absence of a SIN and the number of GIEs industrial facilities in each municipality. The index of occupational health risk (INDORS) is calculated by summing standardised values of the above fi ve indicators as a continuous variable and it was also classifi ed by quintiles of population as a categorical variable. The association between cause-specific mortality and INDORS levels was evaluated using data on mortality occurring in 2015. during the observation period 2,011,457, 131,353 and 140,183 events were recorded for injuries, occupational diseases and workers exposed to carcinogens, mainly among male workers. A municipal map of INDORS levels (1-5) shows a strong South-North gradient, in line with the Italian industrial geographical context. The contributions of the SIN and GIE indicators are higher in the hot spot municipalities located in the Southern regions and islands. Among the municipalities analysed 1,099 were classifi ed in the lowest risk level, 1,331 in the low-medium level, 1,619 in the medium level, 2,621 in the medium-high level and 1,284 in the highest risk level. The index shows a direct correlation with accidental mortality and an inverse correlation with all-cause and malignant neoplasm mortality. the proposed index can be useful to introduce the occupational risk dimension in ecological studies and results as a flexible tool to rank Italian municipalities in terms of occupational risk.

Occupational hazards among dental hygienists: Risk level assessment of scaling work.

This study aimed to classify occupational hazards of ultrasonic scaling by factor and to identify the distribution of occupational risk levels of the study participants according to occupational hazards. In addition, the relationship between the general characteristics of dental hygienists and the occupational risk level of scaling was investigated. This study was conducted on 237 dental hygienists. Exposure frequency and the degree of work loss were investigated on a five-point scale for each of the 15 occupational hazards of scaling. Among occupational hazards, the proportion of high-risk individuals for biological hazards (32.9%) was the highest. Dental clinics (33.6%) were found to have a higher proportion of high-risk individuals than dental hospitals (16.5%) (p < 0.05). The proportion of high-risk individuals was higher in the absence of an infection control coordinator (33.9%) (p < 0.05) and infection control education in the preceding 2 years (28.6%) (p < 0.05). To create a safe dental work environment, appropriate measures according to the risk level and measurement of occupational risk should be discussed.

УСЛОВИЯ ТРУДА И ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫЙ РИСК ЗДОРОВЬЮ РАБОТНИКОВ ЦЕХА ПО ПРОИЗВОДСТВУ ПРОТИВООПУХОЛЕВЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫХ СРЕДСТВ

Background. Ensuring safe working conditions in the production of medicines is a guarantee of maintaining labor resources and sustainable socio-economic development of the state as a whole. Objective: to study the working conditions and morbidity rates with temporary disability of workers in the shop for the production of anticancer drugs and establish the level of occupational risk to their health. Material and methods. Based on the data of industrial laboratory control of factors of the working environment and the labor process, the results of certification of workplaces, a comprehensive hygienic assessment of working conditions was carried out at 10 main workplaces of the workshop for the production of anticancer drugs in the form of freeze-dried powders and solutions for injections. The source of information for the study of morbidity with temporary disability of workers was the certificates of incapacity for work for a five-year period. The study of morbidity with temporary disability was carried out on two formed groups of workers (the main group - shop workers and the comparison group - employees of management departments). A quantitative assessment of the magnitude of occupational risk was carried out using the results of a study of working conditions, health indicators of employees, data from checking a business entity according to a checklist. Results. The main contribution to the formation of harmful working conditions at a number of workshop workplaces is made by contact with unregulated chemicals, noise, unsatisfactory microclimate parameters in the cold season, and excessive indicators of the severity of the labor process. The level of morbidity with temporary disability of workers in the shop for the production of anticancer drugs was assessed as "medium". The integral indicator among shop workers, taking into account cases and days of temporary disability, did not have statistically significant differences with the average annual indicator in the republic, however, it was higher than in the comparison group (t=2.97, p&lt;0.05). The numerical value of the indicator of the actual level of occupational risk was 1.7. Conclusion. The value of the indicator of the level of occupational risk established in the course of the study indicates the average degree of occupational causation of health disorders among workers in the shop for the production of anticancer drugs in the form of freeze-dried powders and solutions for injections.

A risk of pulmonary diseases in miners while using dust respirators

Purpose. To determine magnitudes of the occupational risks of respiratory disease (pneumoconiosis) occurrence in miners while using filter respirators on the basis of an exposure dust dose with the consideration of work experience. Methodology. To assess occupational risks, a new approach proposed by the Research Institute of Complex Hygiene and Occupational Diseases is used. The approach is based on determining an exposure dose of a hazardous substance entering the workers lungs during their professional contact with it taking into account the volume of pulmonary ventilation, the number of shifts, and work experience. Findings. Use of dust respirators reduces the risk of occupational respiratory diseases but does not eliminate it completely. It has been established that with more than three-year work experience and coal dust concentrations of more than 50 mg/m3, use of dust filter respirators does not ensure a minimal degree of the occupational disease risks. At the same time, it has been identified that if work experience is less than 3 years with the use of filter respirators, the risk of occupational diseases will be minimal. It has been proved that the risk assessment should involve using the minimal value of a protection factor of a respirator, which is fixed in the production environment. It has been shown that working within the areas with dust concentrations higher than 100 mg/m3 is dangerous for miners; over time, with the accumulation of sufficient dust in the lungs it will lead to the development of silicosis. Originality. It consists in scientific substantiation of the magnitude of occupational risk of respiratory diseases in miners, taking into account a real protection factor of respirators, which is determined at the workplace based on the calculation of an exposure dose and time of professional contact with hazardous substances. Practical value. The experience of safe operation in mine workings with and without using filter respirators has been substantiated, basing on a safe value of coal dust concentration, at which a low level of occupational risk of respiratory diseases is recorded. Recommendations for determining the dust load taking into account a protection factor of respirators at the workplace have been developed.

The Impact of Psychophysical Factors on the Level of Occupational Risk in Small-Sized Enterprises with Particular Emphasis on the Manufacturing Sector

Abstract In this paper, the authors focused on the analysis and evaluation of factors affecting the level of occupational risk in “small” enterprises, with a particular emphasis on psychophysical factors in the manufacturing sector. The study was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. The results were verified using the strucla interview method with elements of observation. The purpose of the paper was to draw attention to – often overlooked in the assessment of occupational risks by employers – psychophysical hazards with particular emphasis on psychosocial hazards. Respondents – employees of enterprises with a particular focus on the manufacturing sector – point to psycho-physical hazards as those that, right after hazardous (accident) hazards, significantly affect the level of occupational risk. However, the assessment of factors determining the level of occupational risk changes with the age of respondents. Older workers, more often than younger ones, perceive the factors that affect the level of occupational risk. Their experience and ability to reliably identify risks can be very useful in creating awareness of safe behavior among the youngest workers, who are most vulnerable to occupational accidents. The article also presents analyses and assessments of the symptoms of occupational stress, which is one of the factors shaping psycho-physical risk that is so often underestimated by many workers and employers.

Occupational risk and work stress in nurses who care for patients with COVID-19 in Emergency of the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases, 2020 [Riesgo laboral y estrés laboral en enfermeros que atienden pacientes con COVID-19 en Emergencia del Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, 2020

The current COVID-19 pandemic is generating multiple changes in the country's health reality, including situations typical of the nursing professional practice and its environment. Objective: To determine the relationship between occupational risk and work stress in nurses who care for patients with COVID-19 in Emergency at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (INEN). Methodology: The study had a quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional and non-experimental design approach. The population consisted of 58 nurses working in the INEN Emergency Service (Lima-Peru). Two instruments were used: "Questionnaire to measure occupational risk in nurses" and the "Scale for measuring work stress in nurses". Results: 46.6% of the participants presented a high occupational risk level, 43.1% medium risk and 10.3% low occupational risk. The biological risk and psychosocial risk showed a mainly high level (69.0% and 53.4% respectively) and the chemical risk (46.6%), physical (56.9%) and ergonomic (48.3%) a preponderant average level. On the other hand, the work stress present in the participants was 46.6% high level, 32.8% medium level and 10.3% low. Regarding the association of variables, a p = 0.005 (direct correlation) was obtained between occupational risk and occupational stress and a Spearman Rho coefficient of 0.364. On the other hand, values p = 0.029, p = 0.200, p = 0.007, p = 0.102, were obtained for biological risk, chemical risk, physical risk and ergonomic risk respectively, which determines the non-existence of association of these variables with the work stress; On the other hand, a value of p = 0.007 of the social risk (direct correlation) and a Spearman's Rho coefficient = 0.348 were presented. Conclusion: The occupational risk was significantly related to the work stress of the nurses who care for patients with COVID-19 in the INEN Emergency Department. Likewise, regarding the dimensions of occupational risk: psychosocial risk was also significantly related to occupational stress. On the other hand, biological risk, chemical risk, physical risk and ergonomic risk were not related to work stress.

The role of working conditions in the formation of occupational morbidity of workers in metallurgical production

Introduction. The working population health is the basis of human capital, which is a factor in the country’s sustainable economic development. The conditions of occupational activity rank first in the structure of health factors of a working person. Materials and methods. The working conditions and the structure of the newly identified occupational morbidity at a metallurgical enterprise located in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan are analyzed based on statistical reporting documents on newly established occupational diseases for the period 2011-2019 and the hygienic characteristics of labour assessment presented by Rospotrebnadzor specialists with suspicion of an occupational aetiology of the diseases. Results. Over the past number of years, workers in manufacturing industries of the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB) have been diagnosed annually from 2.16 to 6.76 cases of occupational diseases per 10 thousand workers, which makes it possible to attribute these industries to a high level of occupational risk. Over the past decade, 117 cases (11 to 26 cases per year) of occupational diseases were detected at the enterprise for the first time. In the structure of nosological forms, musculoskeletal system diseases and connective tissue rank first. Limitations of the study. The limitation of this study is the lack of complete information about working conditions in the presented sanitary and hygienic characteristics. In recent years, there has been a decrease in registered occupational morbidity against the background of minor changes in working conditions. The identification of occupational diseases is often associated with the level of competence of employees of medical institutions who examine the relationship of the disease with the occupation and certain attitudes of the employee and employer. Conclusion. The working conditions of metallurgical workers are characterized by the impact of a complex of occupational factors, the leading of which is the intensity of the work process. The working conditions of this process are considered to be harmful Class 3 (3.3). Between 2011 and 2019, the link between the disease and occupational activity was established in 117 cases, mainly in workers (wire drawers, wire winders, repairmen, metal sorters) experiencing significant physical dynamic loads.

Study of the harmful factors influence on the occupational risk level: the example of the Ukrainian mining industry

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Методология оценки риска получения электротехническим персоналом профессиональных заболеваний, вызванных воздействием магнитных полей

The development of methodology for assessing the risk of occupational diseases of electrical engineering personnel caused by the action of magnetic fields is presented. The analysis of regulatory documents in the field of labor protection, concerning, in particular, risk assessment, is given. The article is written with consideration of indicators and criteria for assessing professional risks. The methodology of risk assessment is presented for cases when there are sources of magnetic fields at the workplaces of electrical engineering personnel which adversely affect human health. A logical tree of events related to high levels of magnetic fields at the workplace has been developed. The main stages of the procedure for assessing professional risks are described. The risk criteria and corresponding classification of working conditions are given. Organizational and technical measures are proposed to reduce the level of occupational risk. The materials of the article can be used to determine the occupational risk of the event «danger associated with exposure to magnetic fields on personnel», as well as to establish higher requirements for occupational safety by the organization.

Willingness to Work amongst Australian Frontline Healthcare Workers during Australia's First Wave of Covid-19 Community Transmission: Results of an Online Survey.

The majority of research investigating healthcare workers' (HCWs) willingness to work during public health emergencies, asks participants to forecast their perceptions based on hypothetical emergencies, rather than in response to the actual public health emergencies they have experienced. This research explored frontline HCWs willingness to work during Australia's first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic among frontline HCWs. Participants (n = 580) completed an online questionnaire regarding their willingness to work during the pandemic. A total of 42% of participants reported being less willing to work during the pandemic compared to before. Availability of personal protective equipment (PPE), concern expressed by family members, and viral exposure were significant barriers. A third of participants disagreed that some level of occupational risk for exposure to infectious disease was acceptable while a quarter of participants had received communications from their workplace concerning obligations to work during COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted Australian frontline HCWs' willingness to work. Scarcity of PPE and exposure to the virus were the most cited reasons impacting on willingness to work. Appropriate policies and practices should be implemented and communicated efficiently to frontline HCW's. This research provides insight into the lived experiences of Australian healthcare professionals' willingness to work during a pandemic.

МЕТОДОЛОГИЯ ОЦЕНКИ ВЛИЯНИЯ ФАКТОРОВ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОЙ СРЕДЫ НА СОСТОЯНИЕ ЗДОРОВЬЯ РАБОТНИКОВ РАДИАЦИОННО-ОПАСНЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВ

Purpose: Development of methodology and criteria for establishing causal relationships between the health status of workers in radiation-hazardous industries with factors of the working environment.&#x0D; Results: A methodology and criteria have been developed for assessing the cause-and-effect relationships of the health of workers in radiation-hazardous industries with the factors of the working environment. The assessment is carried out in three stages. At the 1st stage, according to the data of periodic medical examinations and psychophysiological examinations, the level of the employee’s health loss is assessed, at the 2nd stage (using the risk matrix) – the level of occupational risk. At the 3rd stage, according to the relative risk of a specific disease (or its etiological share) and the level of occupational risk, a decision is made on the causation of the disease by unfavorable factors of the working environment.