Media Literacy Levels Research Articles

The relationship between critical thinking dispositions of prospective English language teachers and their levels of new media literacy

The teaching profession, by its very nature, requires teachers to develop themselves continuously, to keep up with the innovations emerging over time, to acquire the competencies they require, and hence keep themselves updated. In our time, in which the developments have gained an enormous pace, particularly in technology, this requirement has become vital for teachers whose contributions to shape societies are immense. With the recent advances in technology, it has become of great importance for teachers to learn the emerging new media culture and use them effectively in their lessons. On the other hand, as a result of these rapid developments, the acquisition of critical thinking, which dates back to ancient times as a concept, by teachers as a skill has become more important than ever before. At this point, there are evaluations made regarding the importance of these two skills primarily in teacher training programs. In line with these evaluations, this study examined the relationship between the critical thinking dispositions (CTD) and their new media literacy levels (NML) of pre-service English teachers studying at the education faculties of two foundation universities. Results showed that the candidates participating in the research have high level critical thinking and new media literacy skills, and there is a moderate positive relationship between these two skills.

The Relation between Levels of Media Literacy and Attitudes and Beliefs Concerning Obesity in University Students

ABSTRACT The prevalence of obesity in young people around the world. The written and visual media have an important role to play in increasing student awareness in the prevention of obesity. This study was planned with the aim of determining the effect on attitudes and beliefs concerning obesity of the levels of media literacy of university students. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 300 obese students. The Media Literacy Scale, and the Obesity Health Belief Model Scale were used in the collection of data for the study. The Student t test and the one-way ANOVA test were used in the analysis of the data. A weak, positive statistically significant correlation was found between media literacy and the subscales of perceived severity, perceived barriers, and perceived benefit (p < .05). A weak positive correlation was found between the subscales of possessing knowledge, the ability to analyze and form a response, and the ability to judge and see hidden messages, and the sub-scales of perceived severity, perceived barriers, and perceived benefit (p < .05). It was found in this study that the media literacy of obese students was at a medium level, and that media literacy affected their attitudes and beliefs regarding obesity. It is recommended that the visual media should broadcast short audiovisual educational films at regular intervals on the prevention of obesity.

Literasi Media, Literasi Politik, dan Partisipasi Kewarganegaraan Pemilih Pemula di Era Digital

This study intended to determine the effect of media literacy and political literacy on the participation of novice voter citizenship in the digital era. This research used a non-experimental ex post facto quantitative approach. A sample of 350 was chosen randomly. Data analysis used path analysis with the help of the SPSS program. The analysis showed that media literacy significantly influences the level of civic participation (0.567). Second, political literacy also significantly influences the level of civic participation (0.664). Third, media literacy has a significant influence on political literacy (0.563). Fourth, simultaneously media literacy and political literacy affect civic participation (0.689). Fifth, political literacy was not significantly proven to moderate the relationship between media literacy and citizenship participation (p = 0.4590 &gt; 0.05). Media literacy and political literacy affected the civic participation of novice voters both partially and simultaneously. The level of media literacy of the novice voters did not trigger a weak or strong relationship between political literacy and the citizenship participation of the novice voters.

The Way You Perceive Your Body Matters: Interventions Aimed to Reduce Body Dissatisfaction

Aims: To determine if brief interventions of cognitive dissonance, media literacy, and a mindful body scan can reduce body dissatisfaction among female undergraduate students and whether mindfulness, emotion regulation, positive and negative affect, and media literacy levels have an impact on body appreciation.&#x0D; Study Design: The present study used an experimental design and included three intervention groups and an active control group.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Centre for Psychological Innovation at Mount Royal University in Calgary, Alberta, Canada from January 17th to March 6th, 2020.&#x0D; Methodology: 78 female participants between the ages of 17 to 49 years with a mean age of 21 years (SD = 5.16). All participants underwent a body dissatisfaction induction procedure and completed self-report questionnaires on body satisfaction (using the Body Appreciation Scale), mindfulness (using the Five Facet Mindfulness Scale), emotion regulation (using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation), positive and negative affect (using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule), and media literacy (using the Critically Thinking About Media Messages, Media Attitudes Questionnaire, and the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire).&#x0D; Results: Three separate multiple linear regression tests revealed that there were differences in the variables predicting body appreciation scores at Time1, F(7, 70) = 12.09, p &lt; .001, Time 2, F(7, 70) = 14.74, p&lt; .001, and Time3, F(7, 70) = 15.07, p &lt; .001. A one-way ANOVA revealed that body appreciation scores increased for all four conditions after completion of the intervention, F(1, 76) = .069, p = .793 but not after the body dissatisfaction induction procedure or before the intervention.&#x0D; Conclusion: These findings confirm that negative affect and low levels of media literacy contribute to feelings of body dissatisfaction and that brief periods of steering the mind away from the body lead to increases in body appreciation.

‘Trust, but verify’: problems of formation of media literacy and critical thinking of Russian students

ABSTRACT The problems of media education and media literacy, which have been in the focus of attention of different sciences for a long time, are closely related to free media access possibilities and ability to produce own media texts, on the one hand, and the ability to critically interpret information, on the other hand, and, most importantly, they are related to the issues of trust in the media and in the content generated by it as a whole. At the same time, it should be noted that the trust phenomenon itself is one of the most complicated phenomena in public relations studies. Paradoxically, however, even though the level of trust in mass media as a social institution continues to remain an important indicator of societal well-being, the ability to take a critical view of any media message, characterize a certain maturity of the social environment, a certain level of media literacy and critical mindset of citizens. That is exactly why it deemed important for us to emphasize the issues of trust in information sources in the course of a survey of Russian students’ media literacy level which took a few years, the results of which are presented in this article.

The Relationship Between Media Literacy Levels and Problem Solving Skills Of Secondary School Teachers - The Case Of Nigde Province

Media; It is one of the important factors that reach and shape the behavior of individuals, especially visual and written sources. When faced with media, individuals should be able to investigate, analyze, question the accuracy of messages sent from these tools and also structure the information by themselves. Because access to any information is not enough to understand that it is sourced and necessary. It is known that media messages are not as they appear and have different meanings behind them. Media literacy therefore provides a framework for the ability to access, analyze, evaluate and reproduce from written media to video, from video to the Internet and to media on various platforms. There is a need for qualified media literate teachers who guide students in order to gain the skills of the concept of media literacy. It is also important that teachers who are qualified media literate have problem solving skills that reach the real information by searching the information in various sources and asking the right questions. One of the most important tasks of qualified media literate teachers with problem solving skills is to educate the individuals who shape the society and to provide them with 21st century skills by following the developing knowledge and technology. Therefore, the aim of the study is to determine the relationship between secondary school teachers' media literacy levels and problem solving skills and to examine this relationship in terms of various variables. The study is a quantitative research in correlational design. The population of the study consists of 1903 secondary school teachers working in schools located at the center of Nigde which has been totally 51 secondary schools in its center in the 2018-2019 academic year. The sample group of the study consisted of 210 secondary school teachers working at 8 different secondary schools and are determined by simple random sampling method. The data obtained from the study were collected by using the Media Literacy Skills Scale (MLSS) developed by Eristi and Erdem (2017) and the “Problem Solving Inventory (PSI) developed by Heppner and Peterson (1982).

TINGKAT LITERASI MEDIA BERBASIS KOMPETENSI INDIVIDU DI KALANGAN SISWA SMA NEGERI 17 MAKASSAR

Nowadays the mass media is experiencing very rapid development. Various positive and negative impacts certainly cannot be ignored. This impact hits parents, adults, teenagers and children. Adolescents are a group that is vulnerable to the negative effects of mass media by which media literacy movements emerge as solutive actions over concerns about negative media influences. The ability of media literacy is very necessary so that the media can be used intelligently and wisely. The purpose of this study are: (1) To determine the level of technical skills (technical expertise) of SMA Negeri 17 Makassar students in accessing computer and internet media; (2) To describe the level of critical understanding (critical understanding) of SMA Negeri 17 Makassar students in analyzing and evaluating computer and internet media content; (3) To understand the level of communicative abilities (communication skills) of SMA Negeri 17 Makassar students in establishing social relations through internet media and creating creative internet media content; (4) To find out the level of media literacy of SMA 17 Makassar students. The results of this study indicate that cumulatively the level of technical skill ability is at 99.5%, the level of critical understanding capability is at 74.7%, the level of communicative abilities is at a value of 110.3%. By referring to the values above, the level of media literacy of Makassar 17 Public High School students is 94.83% or at the Medium level.

The Relationship between the Teacher Candidates’ Level of Media Literacy and Participation Levels to Protest and Social Change

The term active citizenship is defined as participation in civil society, community and/or political life, characterized by mutual respect and non-violence and in accordance with human rights and democracy within the European context (Hoskins &amp; Mascherini, 2009). Promoting active citizenship is one of the European Commission’s strategies for increasing social cohesion and reducing the democratic deficit across European countries within the context of the wider Lisbon process. Developing citizen awareness, knowledge and skill level of democratic rights, sensitiveness to social issues and defense against negative impact of media messages are among these objectives. European Commission considers media literacy an extremely important factor for active citizenship in today's information society. Within the European context active citizenship is defined as the combination of four dimensions; (1) protest and social change, (2) community life, (3) representative democracy and (4) democratic values (Hoskins &amp; Mascherini, 2009). Teachers’ perceptions of citizenship are among the frequently researched subjects in terms of both their effect on students’ perception of citizenship and as a citizen. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between teacher candidates’ level of media literacy and active citizenship, in terms of their participation level to protest and social change. Survey method is used to collect data in this casual comparative research. Sample of the study is 1101 freshman and senior teacher candidates studying in Faculty of Education at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University in the academic year of 2011-2012. The relationship between media literacy level and participation level to protest and social change is explored after controlling for the effect of socio-economic factors. It is explored that there is a significant relationship between media literacy level and participation level to protest and social change which is preserved after controlling for socio-economic factors. According to results, this study discusses how to handle digital and media literacy education in formal and informal settings in teacher education programs in relation to active citizenship.

Media Education in Slovene Preschools: A Review of Four Studies

In Slovenia, the concept of media literacy has been integrated into the formal education system, including early childhood education. The Preschool Curriculum sets certain goals to be followed in educating preschoolchildren on media-related topics. Research done in other Member States of the EU points to the conclusion that the actual implementation and delivery of media education is both fragmented and inconsistent as well asdependent on the interests and motivation of individual preschool teachers. They are the ones who, in accordance with their professional capacity and autonomy, include the goals set in the curriculum into an actuallearning process in preschools, also determining the timing and manner of this. The aim of this article is to review, compare, and analyse the data from recent research on the media education of preschool children in Slovenia in order to better understand how preschool teachers in Slovenia assess their capacity to work with media as well as their media literacy levels, which media they use, and how the media education is conductedin the groups of preschool children.

Modeling the effect of new media literacy levels and social media usage status on problematic internet usage behaviours among high school students

There has been a considerable increase in problematic internet usage among high school students due to the fact that our daily lives are considerably being occupied by internet. It is therefore important to investigate into the variables considered as effective in problematic internet use of this group. This paper seeks to address whether there are relations between problematic internet use and social media usage status as well as purpose of social media usage and new media literacy. A total of 155 ninth grade students studying in high school affiliated to Turkey Ministry of National Education were recruited in this study. The relational screening research design from descriptive research methods was adopted in this paper. Personal information form and three data collection instruments were employed in this study. The data obtained in the research were analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model based on the research design. According to the results of partial least squares structural equation model, the relative importance order of the variables examined in the study can be posed as: “social media usage status, social media usage purposes and new media literacy”.

Media Literacy: An Analysis of Social Media Usage among Millennials

Fast technological development has impact to smartphone technology. The smartphone users unconsciously become dependent to the technology. Media literacy to adolescents is important and it will give critical analysis in the access of media messages and create messages by using the media. This research aims at knowing media literacy to the uses of social media (Facebook and Instagram) among adolescents in South Tangerang. Theory of Media Literacy from James Potter was used as the main concept in the research. It used quantitative approach with positivism paradigm and survey research method. The data collection was used through questionnaire with purposive sampling technique which was defined as the sampling method. The research findings indicate that media literacy level among adolescents bases on the Individual Competence Framework that consists of three indicators: media literacy level on the basis of Use Skill, and it gets average value of 36.38 for 60.93% of the respondents. It includes the medium category in the Critical Understanding indicators and it has average value of 47.85 from 51.72% of the respondents and it includes the medium category in the indicators of Communicative Abilities it gets average value of 27.34 from 59.77% of the respondents and it includes the medium category.

La competencia mediática en el profesorado universitario. Validación de un instrumento de evaluación

Media literacy of university teachers is a challenge of the current society, to achieve the critical education of the citizens. We present the process of design and validation of a questionnaire to know their level of media literacy. The analysis of validity and reliability of the instrument was carried out in two different stages to guarantee the consistency of the instrument: validation by Delphi method and by psychometric analysis from an international pilot simple of 260 university teachers. The result is an eight-dimensional questionnaire. The validation data and analysis by dimensions show a consistent tool for the collection of information in a changing knowledge field that needs instruments, making a valuable contribution for media literacy research.

Coğrafya Öğretmenlerinin Coğrafya Öğretimi İle İlgili Medya Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri

Coğrafya Öğretmenlerinin Coğrafya Öğretimi İle İlgili Medya Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri

The Effect of Teacher Candidates' Critical Literacy Levels on Their Media Literacy Levels

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of teacher candidates' critical literacy levels on their media literacy levels. In the study, general survey model was used. The working group consists of 565 students studying at various departments of Bartin University, Faculty of Education. 'Media Literacy Level Determination Scale' developed by Karaman and Karatas (2009) and 'The scale of Critical Literacy' developed by Yilmaz (2013) were used in this study. According to the results of the path analysis which is conducted to determine the effect of the critical literacy of teacher candidates on their media literacy, it is seen that the t values related to the variables of media literacy and critical literacy are significant at .05 level. In addition, it is seen that p value related to x2 value is significant in the model which critical literacy affects media literacy.

Does Skepticism Predict News Media Literacy: A Study on Turkish Young Adults

The 2010’s are when information and informatics age coexist, information overload has been transformed into a mass engineering tool, “imposing bombardment” has become the norm. The most influential tool of this cultural-industrial act is news media. Efforts to educate young adults, who are most active in touch with information, in view of news media are needed. Skepticism has the potential to improve news media literacy of young adults. The present study investigates whether young adults’ skepticism levels predict young adults’ news media literacy levels. The research problem was analyzed with correlational research model. Two different research populations (Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University and Ataturk University) were determined for the purpose of the study. The results revealed positive, moderate, significant relationships between skepticism levels and news media literacy of young adults. “Self-determining” and “interpersonal understanding” competences - the components of skepticism - have a positive effect on news media literacy. The “search for knowledge” and “questioning mind” has the potential to positively affect news media literacy.

La competencia mediática en la población mayor. Diagnóstico de la realidad española.

La competencia mediática en la población mayor española es un tema escasamente analizado en las investigaciones de los últimos años, aunque de creciente interés. El trabajo ofrece una revisión de estudios recientes sobre la población mayor y su relación con los medios de comunicación. Posteriormente, se define el concepto de competencia mediática y se trazan los objetivos de esta investigación: describir los niveles de competencia de la población mayor en la muestra analizada, y determinar cómo ciertas variables sociodemográficas influyen en los niveles de competencia mediática de este colectivo. Se concluye que los participantes de la muestra se distribuyen de forma equitativa entre los tres niveles competenciales mencionados. Algunas variables que están relacionadas con niveles superiores de competencia son el mayor grado de formación, el estado civil, los ingresos, el sexo y el nivel de formación audiovisual.

DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’ MEDIA LITERACY IN THE PROCESS OF CREATING SCHOOL MEDIA

Nowadays, a rapid development of information and communication technologies enables combine a number of formats for presenting information into one communication unit. That is why the media (Internet especially) is not just tools for young generation for learning the modern world. Children enjoy in dealing with modern technologies. However not everyone has sufficient skills to objectively assess the true meaning of the information received. That is why children are more inclined for their mind to be manipulated and they are more inclined for blind imitating of attractive images. Owning to the above, the most priority-driven of modern education is the usage of information and communication technologies and media education for forming the skills of students' orientation in the information field and for forming the development of media immunity of the personality which makes the personality able to resist to the aggressive media space. Teachers face the challenge of introducing media education in middle and high schools.To implement the media education at the municipal institution regional specialized residential school “Giftedness” the pedagogical experiment was carried out there. The basis of the experiment is the generalized model of media literacy development for students that was used during for making and functioning the school newspaper «D.A.R-media». Theoretical aspects of the implementation of media education in the teaching and educational process of a specialized educational institution are considered in this study. A model for the development of the media literacy of students in the process of creating a school printed publication is proposed. Some results of research on the level of media literacy of students are highlighted and prospects for work on introducing media education of teachers and teachers are outlined.

Wiedza o mediach jako składowa kompetencji medialnych młodego pokolenia Polaków – rekonesans

Dojrzałe używanie mediów, zarówno w roli nadawcy, jak i odbiorcy, wymaga odpowiedniego poziomu kompetencji medialnych. Jednym ze składników tych kompetencji jest wiedza o mediach. Artykuł zawiera wyniki badań przeprowadzonych wśród uczniów szkół ponadgimazjalnych w celu wstępnego rozpoznania ich poziomu wiedzy m.in. o różnego typu mediach, postaciach w nich obecnych, przekazach czy gatunkach.

DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MEDIA LITERACY LEVEL IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA AND LATVIA

The aim of this paper is to look on level of media literacy and activities in this field in two countries – Latvia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. People are exposed to a flow of diverse content of information and opinions, there it is important to discuss about media education and it`s outcome – the media literacy. Media literacy helps people to analyze, evaluate, and create messages thus develops people's critical and creative abilities. The survey about credibility of mass media, critical use of information, understanding of media literacy in each country, institutions promoting media literacy and the impact of media literacy on political decision making was carried out.&#x0D; &#x0D; The main hypothesis of this case study was that media literacy is basic presumption of the establishing the critical thinking of society of developed democratic consciousness.The comparative analysis showed that sociological aspect in the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina within the deep division in the society itself, with the lack of consensual awareness creates presumption trust completely into the mass media, while in the case of Latvia there is just few answers related to the existing media literacy.

Media space of the modern school

What should be the media of a modern education institution? How is the educational organization supposed to be represented in social media? What methods of increasing the level of media literacy of teachers and students should optimally use? As the purpose of this study the authors can see in the development and presentation of an optimal model of media space for modern educational institutions which will take into account not only the changes in the education process, but also the needs of the modern audience – teachers, students, parents, and educational partners. The resources of “Moscow e-school” become part of the educational media sphere of modern educational organizations. Resources and methods: resources of an educational institution, namely, social media, blogs and microblogs, users’ accounts, channels, educational platforms, which present the work of educators. The importance of analyzing media of the modern educational institution is that media-education serves as a pedagogical system, allowing the use of modern techniques and technologies through the development of critical thinking, which occurs under the influence of information flows. In this regard, there is a need for the comprehensive approach to the media organization in the modern school. An integral element of the complex approach is the creation of conditions for the development of media literacy for teachers and learners. The result of this research is the optimal model of media space for the modern school, which includes social networking profiles, microblogging, blogs, users’ accounts, and web resources, each of which has its own purpose and functional features. As a conclusion we can note that one of the core values of the media model is the development of creative and critical thinking, the acquisition of experience and tools of media, independent search, the ability to use information flows for the effective communication, solving educational and cognitive, other personal problems and tasks, i.e. the orientation is not so much on the knowledge as on the acquisition of positive experience of the independent work.