Levels Of Long-term Unemployment Research Articles

Long-term unemployed in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has not significantly affected the increase in unemployment, including the change in the structure of long-term unemployment. Long-term unemployment increases with some delay after the recession. This article analyses the changes in the situation of long-term unemployed people in Poland before and during the COVID-2019 pandemic, presents actions taken at that time by employment and social services, and presents recommendations for the future, considering information collected from employees of poviat labour offices. In Poland, the reasons for the persistence of a relatively high level of long-term unemployment in general may include the following factors: registration in labour offices of people who, mainly for health reasons, are not ready to participate in processes of restoring the ability to work, a limited amount of funds allocated to activation of the unemployed activities and, finally, the lack of mechanisms rewarding the public employment services (PES) for bringing the long-term unemployed back to the labour market.

Wpływ głównych czynników makroekonomicznych na bezrobocie długookresowe

The article presents an example analysis of the impact of selected macro-economic variables on a long-term unemployment. A logit econometric model for macro-data as well as cause-and-effect model were estimated. The first of these is a tool to study the impact of macroeconomic statistical category on the unemployed and the other is a tool for determining the direction and strength of the impact of selected macro-economic variables on the level of long-term unemployment. In both cases, an attempt was made to boost the models i.e. the time factor was taken into account.

Economic crisis and situation on the labor market in countries of European Union in the years 2007-2011

The article analyses influence of prosperity conditions on the labor market. The principal aim of the article is to determine the main trends on the labor market in Poland and other chosen countries in European Union. The research problem has been formulated as follows: economic crisis have an major influence on changes in level and structure of employment and unemployment. The theoretical part of the article presents characteristics changes on the labor market from the macro-economical point of view and personal strategies of companies, at the time of economic crisis. The practical part of the article is based on method of statistical analysis. Statistical analysis embraces changes in: level and structure of employment (especially level of part time employed, temporary employed, self-employed) and level and structure of unemployment (especially level of long-term unemployment and unemployment of the young). Statistical data show that economic crisis in European Union caused: fall in level of employment, increase in level of unemployment, major changes in structure of employment and very small changes in structure of unemployment.

Un modello di misura per l'analisi della disoccupazione di lunga durata

In recent years, specifically in western European countries, it has been observed a notable increase in the number of people showing long duration of job search spells, and this aspect seems to concern mostly some specific groups of the population. Significantly, it has become very common to report besides the unemployment rate the level of long-term unemployment as an important index on the situation of labour markets. In this work a class of mixture models is developed, in order to allow for the coexistence of different distributions of unemployment in the population. These models make possible an interpretation of long-term unemployment allowing for: (a) the estimation of the duration model referred only to individuals with some opportunity of transition to employment, thus eliminating the bias due to the joint estimation of the mixture of two different populations; (b) pointing out the distinctive features (as age, gender, education) related to the disadvantaged side of the population. An empirical application of mixture models on a longitudinal sample coming from the rotating sample structure of the Italian labour force survey is presented, also considering the correction to take into account problems related to length bias.

Active employment policy: a chance for czech labour market?

Czech labour market has been getting closer to standard labour market, notable growth of long-term unemployment can therefore be expected in the years to come. The level of long-term unemployment is still much lower in comparison with market economies, so that wide space still exists to stop massive growth of long-term unemployment. <P>Reviewing the West European experience shows that active employment policies can be quite helpful to cope with the problem of long-term unemployment and its social impacts. National Employment Plan declares more intensive implementation of active employment policy, its financial possibilities being, however, rather limited. Some structural problems of Czech labour market could limit effectiveness of this Plan as well.

Job Guarantees for the Unemployed: Lessons from Australian Welfare Reform

High levels of long-term unemployment have undermined some of the assumptions of the post-war welfare state. In response most OECD governments are now replacing what have been characterised as passive income support payments with active benefit systems. Many have introduced new time limits to unconditional benefit entitlement in the form of job and training guarantees for those without work. This article describes how the 1993–6 Australian Labor government modernised its commitment to full employment by combining labour market programmes and social security reforms to create a Job Compact for the long-term unemployed. It analyses the achievements of the strategy and what went wrong, and it draws out lessons of relevance to the British Labour government which has committed itself to using job guarantees to build new bridges between welfare and work.