This paper underscores the role and position of investment activity within the framework of strategic enterprise management. It explores the economic essence and distinct characteristics of the investment process, which encompasses the issuance and accumulation of production resources as investment goods and services. It is argued that the investment process at an enterprise can be viewed from two perspectives: as a complex of potential alternative investment decisions based on available financial resources and the capability to attract additional funds (implemented through the development of the enterprise's investment policy strategy); and from the standpoint of each specific investment decision (the rationale and specific investment projects). The paper provides comprehensive recommendations that cover all aspects of the investment process to enhance the methodological support for selecting strategic investment priorities to ensure the enterprise's sustainable development. Distinctive features of financial and investment resources in the system of resource provision for enterprise development when forming an investment development strategy are highlighted. A matrix for defining the plan's priorities for investment provision of enterprise development is developed. It is substantiated that investment risk depends on numerous factors that directly influence the choice of investment strategy. To generalize the impact of these factors, a rating indicator is proposed, which considers the characteristics of investment attractiveness and the level of investment risk. The composition of attributes for assessing the investment attractiveness of the enterprise is justified, including the state of critical factors determining investment efficiency: technical-technological base of production; level of resource availability and efficiency of their use; economic parameters of business activity and financial condition of the enterprise; market demand dynamics and competitive intensity on the target market; level of management organization. Recommendations are provided for determining investment risk based on a summary of quantitative assessments of a complex of dangers and threats that are individual to each investment process participant.