Level Of Industrial Production Research Articles

Use of ceramic fiber modified with ferrites for the cleaning of flue gases of graphitization furnaces

Use of ceramic fiber modified with ferrites for the cleaning of flue gases of graphitization furnaces

A Rapid Continuous Flow Injection Analysis Method Development for Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride

Background: Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) is widely used as an antihistamine for treating various allergic conditions and symptoms. Traditional analytical methods for quantifying DPH often involve complex procedures and instrumentation. However, recent advancements in nanotechnology and analytical techniques offer opportunities for developing simpler and more efficient methods for DPH analysis. Method: This study presents a novel approach for quantifying DPH using continuous flow injection analysis (CFIA) combined with turbidimetric measurements. The precipitation reaction between DPH and 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid was utilized in an aqueous medium system. Various physical and chemical parameters were optimized, including the concentration of precipitating reagent, reaction medium (acids and salts), irradiation source intensity, volume of sample segment, and delay reaction coil. Results: Optimization of physical and chemical parameters revealed that a concentration of 15 m.mol/Liter for 3,5-dinitro salicylic acid, distilled water as the reaction medium, and an irradiation source intensity of 3.1 VDC produced optimal results. The linear dynamic range for DPH concentration was determined to be 0.01-20 m.mol/Liter. Comparison with the traditional UV-spectrophotometric method showed comparable results, indicating the reliability of the proposed CFIA method. Conclusion: The CFIA method presented in this study offers several advantages over traditional analytical methods for quantifying DPH in pharmaceutical formulations. It provides high sensitivity, speed, simplicity, and improved accuracy. The proposed approach has the potential for widespread application in pharmaceutical analysis, offering a cost-effective and easily manipulable solution for routine laboratory use. Overall, this study demonstrates a significant advancement in the measurement of DPH, which could simplify processes for pharmaceutical analysis and enhance industrial production levels.

Potential for industrial production development in the Republic of Bashkortostan and in neighbouring regions

Socio-economic development of regions depends on the level of interaction between them on the basis of their industry specialisation. The purpose of the study is to determine the potential for the industrial production development of the regions for further activation of interregional interaction. Types of industrial production of the Republic of Bashkortostan and its neighbouring regions are the object of the study. The paper assesses its development in dynamics and statics by type of activity. Its specialisation is determined, the leading types of economic activity are identified with the use of localisation coefficients and localisation intensity. The development level of industrial production in the Russian Federation and in the regions near the Republic of Bashkortostan have similar trends, however, sharp fluctuations occur in Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions. In these subjects, the largest share in manufacturing belongs to metallurgical production. Also many activities that are to be in the zone of increased localisation in terms of the turnover of an organisation and the number of employees are actually in the zone of low effective localisation. Industrial production in the Udmurt Republic and the Republic of Tatarstan is less affected by the fluctuations. In Bashkortostan, the largest share is occupied by extraction of coke and petroleum products. To strengthen technological sovereignty, it is necessary to activate the interaction between regions in industrial production.

Electrochemical synthesis in company with hydrogen production via renewable energy: Opportunities and challenges

Organic electromechanical synthesis is an eco-friendly and efficient method for material synthesis, effectively addressing the high energy consumption and pollution problems in the traditional chemical industry. By combining hydrogen production from water electrolysis with organic electromechanical synthesis, the reactive oxygen/hydrogen from water hydrolysis can be utilized to oxidize/reduce organic compounds, reducing energy consumption and producing valuable organic products. However, this strategy still faces challenges when implemented in the industry. This paper addresses major technical challenges in the field, providing new insights for future advancements. Firstly, when selecting anode reactions for hydrogen production, it is important to consider the value and market demand of the oxidation product to match the production scale. Secondly, the development of efficient electrocatalysts and electrodes is required to enhance the oxidation kinetics and mass transfer of organics at the current density levels of industrial hydrogen production (500–2000 mA cm−2). Thirdly, it is essential to improve the selectivity and Faraday efficiency of the anode target product to lower the cost of subsequent separation and purification. Fourthly, existing anion and oxygen ion exchange membranes lack corrosion resistance to organic matter, and new separator materials with high ion conductivity and stability are crucial for the electrolytic coupling system. Finally, when combining organic oxidation and water electrolysis, the complexity of product separation increases, and it is recommended to integrate distillation, extraction, membrane separation, and electrochemical reactions to improve process efficiency.

Shifting the focus of world industrial development from European countries and North America to Asia

Industry is the basis of economic development, therefore, studying the real sector allow us to assess the physical scale of the economy of individual countries and the world as a whole. The industrial production structural distribution by countries and macro-regions reflects the real balance of power in the global arena. Retrospective analysis allows us to see this process in dynamics, which contributes to the correct construction of models of further international cooperation, foreign trade and infrastructural development in this direction. The purpose of the study is to assess the dynamics of the industrial production shift from West to East in recent decades. The tabular, graphical and descriptive methods were used, and it allowed us to visualize the indicators retrospective analysis results. In the course of the work it has been proved that by now there is parity in the level of industrial production between the countries of the collective West and East. It makes it possible to change the term “developed countries” meaning and extend it not only to European and North American countries, but also to a number of Asian and Latin American countries due to the ever-growing importance of these countries’ industry on a global scale.

Development of the industrial sector in the Russian regions − cluster analysis

In the course of the study, a cluster analysis of Russian regions was performed based on characteristics associated with industrial and economic development. As a result, it was established that there is a direct correlation between the level of industrial production and general indicators of economic well-being of the regions such as gross regional product (hereinafter referred to as GRP) and GRP per capita. Within the framework of the cluster analysis, on the basis of above mentioned characteristics, the regions were divided into three groups. The most numerous of them is the group of regions with the lowest level of development. This is primarily due to the uneven distribution of natural resources throughout the country, when a small number of regions have faster development of the mining sector compared to others. Although it is worth noting that the development of the manufacturing industry also has a significant impact on economic well-being. Therefore, the first group, consisting of the most successful regions in terms of economic and industrial indicators, included not only oil-producing and capital regions, but also large industrial centres such as Tatarstan, Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions. A qualitative analysis of the results showed the success of the current cluster analysis of Russian regions. Only a few uncharacteristic values of indicators were noted which have significant differences for their cluster groups. This mainly applies to oil-producing regions where the level of the extractive sector development is too high compared to the rest of the regions of its group. Although, in general, regarding the sum of indicators, these regions were classified into a specific cluster.

Environmental potential of fungal insulation: a prospective life cycle assessment of mycelium-based composites

PurposeBio-based insulation materials are one of the most promising solutions for reducing the environmental impacts of building envelopes. Among these materials, the environmental benefits of mycelium-based materials have merely been investigated, despite their promising technical and thermal properties. In this paper, we perform a first prospective cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA) of mycelium-based composite blocks.MethodsAn attributional cradle-to-gate LCA of the laboratory production of mycelium-based composites was first performed, including 11 environmental impact indicators. Then, scenarios were defined to scale up the technology to the level of industrial production, including the remaining life cycle modules to perform a cradle-to-grave analysis. Biogenic and metabolic carbon were considered by applying the static −1/+1 approach and following the current LCA standards. Future-oriented energy and transport mixes were also included as an additional scenario, systematically modifying both the foreground and background data. Finally, the industrially scaled-up technology and alternative insulation materials were compared with these future conditions (as applied to both materials).Results and discussionConsidering climate change, the results are encouraging in comparison to those for traditional plastic insulation, but do not necessarily surpass those for other existing materials such as rock wool. However, trade-offs are observed in other indicators, for which mycelium-based composites tend to perform worse than traditional insulation materials. The industrial scale-up reduced impacts for most indicators, but a considerable trade-off was observed with regard to terrestrial ecotoxicity. The main driver for the remaining greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions was found to be the electricity use during the manufacturing phase. We consider the inclusion of the other life cycle stages as relevant, as this increased the GHG emissions by 10%. Limitations of the current LCA standards, however, are noted and discussed, especially regarding the cascading use of biogenic materials, and highlight the relevance of this case study.ConclusionsMycelium-based composites show a potential for future development, but careful attention should be paid to reducing electricity needs in their manufacturing process. Further improvements could also be made by using fast-growing biogenic materials as a substrate. In particular, we encourage researchers to include all of the life cycle stages in future studies, especially if biogenic emissions are considered.

Combinatorial protein engineering and transporter engineering for efficient synthesis of L-Carnosine in Escherichia coli

L-Carnosine has various physiological functions and is widely used in cosmetics, medicine, food additives, and other fields. However, the yield of L-Carnosine obtained by biological methods is far from the level of industrial production. Herein, a cell factory for efficient synthesis of L-Carnosine was constructed based on transporter engineering and protein engineering. Firstly, a dipeptidase (SmpepD) was screened from Serratia marcescens through genome mining to construct a cell factory for synthesizing L-Carnosine. Subsequently, through rationally designed SmPepD, a double mutant T168S/G148D increased the L-Carnosine yield by 41.6% was obtained. Then, yeaS, a gene encoding the exporter of L-histidine, was deleted to further increase the production of L-Carnosine. Finally, L-Carnosine was produced by one-pot biotransformation in a 5 L bioreactor under optimized conditions with a yield of 133.2 mM. This study represented the highest yield of L-Carnosine synthesized in microorganisms and provided a biosynthetic pathway for the industrial production of L-Carnosine.

Ontological model of knowledge as the basis for automation of the process of distribution of quotas for the extraction of aquatic biological resources and control over the level of their development

Objective. In this paper, the process of developing an ontological model of knowledge of state control bodies in the field of quotas for the extraction of aquatic biological resources is considered. The need to develop this model arose due to the insufficient level of automation of knowledge extraction from data collected and processed manually from eighteen territorial departments of the Federal Agency for Fisheries. Insufficient speed of collecting and processing data on the current level of industrial production of aquatic biological resources may cause incorrect planning during the subsequent distribution of catch quotas, which may lead to a decrease in biological diversity in the reservoirs of the Russian Federation with the subsequent loss of types of aquatic biological resources.Method. The study used methods of analysis of theoretical and regulatory documentation, analysis of statistical data, as well as secondary data analysis.Result. An object ontological model of knowledge of state control bodies in the field of quotas for the extraction of aquatic biological resources has been developed.Conclusion. The developed ontological model makes it possible to accelerate the extraction of knowledge from aggregated data on the level of distribution and development of quotas for catching aquatic biological resources, and also serves as the basis for creating a full-fledged information system for accounting for the extraction of aquatic biological resources and monitoring their population.

Estimation of the Overmature Wood Stock and the Projection of the Maximum Wood Mobilization Potential up to 2100 in Hungary

The demand for woody biomass as a key raw material of the developing circular bioeconomy is expected to increase. This has led to the need of increased timber productivity and the search for new procurement methods, new assortments, and innovative supply chains. Timber is regarded as a climate-friendly resource, which can contribute to climate change mitigation through long-term carbon storage and through the substitution of fossil products and fossil fuels. Thus, it is of high importance to assess the amount of timber that can be harvested without compromising sustainability concerns. In this paper, we examined the amount of the wood stock accumulated in overmature stands in Hungary. We define overmature stands being those stands where the actual age of the stand is over its cutting age prescribed by the forest authority. According to our results, 11.5% of the standing volume in Hungary is overmature, and the wood stock of overmature stands has increased by more than 250% in the last 40 years. The importance of the overmature forests is enormous, as they represent an unused wood stock reserve, which could be available to meet the growing demand for timber. In our study, we also conducted a simple yield table-based projection on the maximum amount of timber available for harvest in the period 2020–2100 based on the data of the national forestry database and the cutting ages prescribed by the forest authority in the forest management plans. According to our results, even without new afforestation, more timber becomes available for harvest annually in the 2020–2100 period than the level of the average harvests of the last five historic years. In the 2020–2050 period, an additional 56% of timber is projected to become available for harvest as a maximum. This means a maximum additional potential of 4059 thousand m3, even without the harvesting of the stands, which were already overmature in the starting year of the projection. In the first part of the projection period, industrial wood available for harvest is forecasted to be above the average historic level of industrial wood production. However, in the second part of the projection period, the industrial wood yield shows a decreasing tendency and even drops below the 2017–2021 average. The decreasing availability of industrial roundwood in the second part of the projection period points out the importance of innovation in the wood industry. The inclusion of drought tolerant species, which are nowadays less used for industrial purposes seems inevitable in the production of high-quality wood products.

Analysis of the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Industrial Production Level in Kazakhstan

Object: to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the industrial production level in Kazakhstan.
 Methods: to pursue this objective, we’ve used statistical data analysis methods, including comparison of output indicators and industrial production indices for the period from 2017 to 2021.
 Findings: the results of the research have showed that overall industrial production in Kazakhstan decreased during the pandemic. However, the effects of the pandemic on individual sectors varied. Mining and quarrying as well as crude oil and natural gas production experienced significant declines in production due to the shutdown of production capacity for lack of demand in the global energy market. At the same time, other industries, such as food production and agriculture, increased their production capacity amidst increased demand for food.
 Conclusions: the results of the research have confirmed the hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the industrial production level in Kazakhstan, causing reduced output and deteriorated financial performance of enterprises. However, we’ve also confirmed the hypothesis that the pandemic spurred development of certain industries in Kazakhstan. Thus, this research allows us to better understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy of Kazakhstan and develop recommendations for its improvement in the future.

ECONOMIC POLICY TO STIMULATE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN GEORGIA

Gulnaz Erkomaishvili
 E-mail: gulnazi.erkomaishvili@tsu.ge
 Doctor of Economics, Ivane Javakhishvili , Tbilisi State University
 Tbilisi, Georgia
 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8202-5655
 
 Abstract. The article analyzes the modern level of industrial production in Georgia, shows the export-import of industrial products and evaluates the results of the activities of institutions implementing industrial policy. The research showed us that the level of development of industry in the country and its export potential are quite low. The article concludes that in the modern phase of industrial development, the country should choose a model focused on technological development and maximum growth of export potential.
 It is noted that industrial policy is a strategy that supports the structural change and development of the country's industry. Accordingly, the aim of the research is to develop an economic policy that promotes the development of industry and to look for ways to implement it effectively.
 Based on the identified challenges in the area of industry, recommendations for the implementation of an active industrial policy in short and long term periods were developed.

Waste import and air pollution: Evidence from China's waste import ban

In this paper, we investigate the impact on air pollution of China's 2017 policy banning waste imports. We exploit a difference-in-differences strategy combining the time variation and cross-prefecture variation in waste imports before the policy change. We find that prefectures that imported waste in the prepolicy period experienced greater air quality improvements after the policy shock. This effect is stronger in regions with loose environmental regulations and poor waste utilization capacity. Further investigation shows that reductions in both the burning of unrecyclable waste and the level of industrial production are channels through which the waste import ban reduced air pollution.

Liposomes as Drug Carriers: Classification, Preparation Methods, and Medicinal Use

Liposomes are one of the most well-known and promising nanoscale drug delivery systems. Liposomal medicinal products are successfully used in clinical practice for cardiovascular, oncological, dermatological, and other indications. The development of liposomes and their widespread implementation in clinical practice are relevant tasks.The aim of the study was to summarise and analyse scientific data regarding the structure, composition, and classification of liposomes, as well as specific aspects of liposome production methods.This review covers up-to-date information on marketed liposomal medicinal products. The authors illustrate how production methods affect the composition and structure of liposomes. The size and lamellarity are important characteristics of liposomes that determine the encapsulation efficiency and biodistribution of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The choice of excipients depends on the intended use of liposomal medicinal products. The article summarises the main liposome production methods, highlighting specific usage aspects, advantages and disadvantages. Conventional liposome production methods are easy to apply and do not require complex equipment, and their principal disadvantages include the low efficiency of API encapsulation within liposomes and the high complexity of scaling up technological processes. The authors pay special attention to microfluidic techniques for liposome preparation, which are characterised by a highly controlled technological process (in terms of size distribution and lamellarity), high reproducibility, and scalability to the level of industrial production and are applicable to encapsulating different APIs.

Modeling cross-seasonal fuel savings from load shifting in the Saudi industrial sector and interlinkages to export revenues

We use a national Saudi power system dispatch optimization model to assess the implications of load shifting from the industrial sector. This model quantifies the fuel offtake, emission, and cost implications of shifting industrial loads from peak summer to off-peak winter months with industrial electricity tariffs and production levels unchanged. Then, the power sector results are used to assess macro implications –in the form export revenues. Our analysis shows that load shifting can save between $7.9 million and $17.7 million per year at the prevailing administered fuel prices and could reduce carbon dioxide emissions by up to 584 thousand tons. Furthermore, the total cost savings range from $127.2 million to $239.4 million per year when the opportunity costs of saved fuel (mostly crude oil) are considered. These potential savings represent 8.1% of the annual fuel costs of the system. Furthermore, we recommend shifting at least 15% of total industrial load to increase fuel savings if natural gas prices are reformed. We conclude by discussing potential policy enablers and barriers to adopting load shifting in Saudi Arabia.

Assessment of the effects of the biotic and abiotic harmful factors on the amount of industrial wood production with deep learning.

The protection and sustainability of forest assets is possible with planned production of forest products to lead to minimum loss. One of the products obtained from forests is the industrial wood, which is the most important raw material for many sectors. Thus, changes in industrial wood production amounts directly affect these sectors. For this reason, it is important to detect and examine the factors affecting industrial wood production amounts for optimum production and use of this raw material. This study aims to investigate and assess the effects of two biotic and two abiotic harmful factors on the amount of industrial wood production by building a deep learning estimation model. These factors are forest fires, insect outbreaks, diseases, and severe weather events. The study shows that the most harmful factor decreasing the industrial wood production level is diseases. The second effective factor, however, appears to be severe weather events. The third and the fourth factors were determined to be insect outbreaks and burned forest areas, respectively.

Индустриальная политика России в условиях структурной трансформации экономики в 2023 году и в среднесрочной перспективе

The subject of the study is the transition of the Russian economy to a new industrial policy based on import substitution and orientation to domestic demand. The urgency of this task is due to the formation of a new industrial policy in the context of sanctions pressure on the Russian economy from Western countries. The purpose of the work is to develop proposals for the transition to a new model of the Russian economy based on national priorities for the development of industry and ensuring technological sovereignty. The study demonstrates Russia's need to maintain the necessary level of industrial production and ensure its growth in mechanical engineering, machine tool construction, microelectronics in conditions of declining exports and inaccessibility of Western markets. The necessity of continuing the policy of import substitution of high technologies in the system–forming sectors of the economy; ensuring in 2023-2025 the priority of the national interests of Russian industry in new technological chains based on the investment model of development is shown.; formation of guaranteed demand for Russian industrial products through the creation of large infrastructure projects. It is established that the social obligations of the state should ensure an increase in the real disposable incomes of the population, which means consumer demand. It is determined that the main risk for the Russian economy will be the deterioration of the geopolitical situation in the world. Conclusions are drawn about the need to change the sectoral structure of the economy that meets national interests; reorientation of industrial relations to a closed cycle inside the country; development of industrial clusters and the involvement of small businesses in points of industrial growth and the conclusion of long-term contracts and orders with them; leadership of the defense complex in industry.

The role of clean and unclean energy resources in inspecting N-shaped impact of industrial production on environmental quality: A case of high polluting economies

This study is designed to probe the N-shaped consequence of industrial production on environmental quality from both traveling and production for the selected high-polluting country groups. The strength of this impact will be tested by considering renewable and polluting energy sources as controlled inputs in the proposed functional forms. The study utilizes a panel over an annual data series from 1990 to 2021 and uncovers the evidence of the N-formed influence of industrial production on carbon emission from traveling and production in long run. A similar is true for the short run but the coefficients are witnessed as insignificant. The study also reports the optimal level of industrial production where carbon emission from traveling and production turns out to be minimum in the selected country groups. For instance, at the values of industrial production such as 3.37 percent, 2.64 percent, and 3.31 percent, carbon emission from traveling turns out to be minimum while at the values of industrial production like 10.49 percent, 1.80 percent, and 3.34 percent, carbon emission from production becomes minimum. Beyond these optimal levels of output from industry, it will not remain environmentally friendly anymore. The findings further expose that renewable energy significantly improves environmental quality based on traveling and production in the long and short run while nonrenewable energy significantly deteriorates environmental quality based on traveling and production in long run but in the short run it only hurts environmental quality from production. According to the causality test, production from industry and environmental quality from traveling and production significantly cause each other while a feedback effect is witnessed between renewable energy and environmental quality from traveling and production, and similar results are found between fossil-based energy and environmental quality from traveling and production. Based on these findings, this research proposes that industrial output should not be stimulated beyond minimum threshold points as it will become harmful to the environment in the selected high-polluting economies. More investments in renewable energy-related activities will be expanded for improving environmental quality in the selected high-polluting country groups.

მრეწველობის განვითარების ხელშემწყობი ეკონომიკური პოლიტიკა საქართველოში

In connection with the transition to a market economy, the industrial industry inherited from the Soviet economy was almost completely dismantled. In 1990-1994, compared to the Soviet era, the production of industrial products decreased fivefold and the number of jobs fourfold (National Statistical Service of Georgia, 1995). Industrial products became uncompetitive in both domestic and foreign markets. The production of machines, devices, tools, electric machines, vehicles, products of light and partly food industry was stopped. Accordingly, the level of industrial production fell, the specific share of industry in the total domestic product decreased, and industrial ties were dissolved. All this led to the deindustrialization of the country. In 1999, the Ministry of Industry of Georgia developed: the Industrial Concept of Georgia and “Strategic Programs for the Development of Industrial Enterprises of Georgia in 2000-2005” in order to solve the extremely important tasks facing the industry of Georgia in the period of transition to a market economy and for their further development. However, they did not have a major impact on the revitalization of the industrial sector. In the years 2003-2012, the share of industry in the total domestic product decreased. By 2020, sales of industrial products and production increased significantly, but the pandemic had a serious impact on both indicators. In 2022, compared to 2020, sales decreased by 2.6 times and output by 2.9 times. The number of employees has increased slightly in recent years; there were no major changes during the pandemic. Wages increased 1.9x in 2022 compared to 2014, with a slight increase in the post-pandemic era. The largest sub-sector of the industry is manufacturing, the share of which has increased compared to previous years (2018 - 18.4%, 2019 - 18.4%, 2020 - 20%). The share of the mining industry has also increased slightly (2018 - 1.2%, 2019 - 1.4%, 2020 - 1.9%). This is followed by the supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning, the share of which is characterized by a downward trend (2018 - 2.3%, 2019 - 2.1%, 2020 - 2.1%). The water supply is also characterized by a decreasing trend; Sewage, waste management and decontamination works (2018 - 0.7%, 2019 - 0.7%, 2020 - 0.6%) (Georgian National Statistics Service, 2021). The economic policy of the state plays an essential role in the development of industry. Institutes have been established in Georgia since 2012, the aim of which was, among other things, to promote the development of various branches of industry. To date, the Government of Georgia has implemented a number of programs in this direction. Specifically, Produce in Georgia, Partnership Fund, Industrial Development Group, Innovation and Technology Development Agency of Georgia, Startup Georgia. After the implementation of programs to support the industrial sector, there are some positive results both in terms of employment and business development. At the current stage of industrial development, the country should choose a model aimed at technological development and maximum growth of export potential. An industrial policy should be developed in the country, which will allow us to apply innovative approaches in the priority branches of industry. It is necessary to use such instruments of industrial policy as: innovations and technologies, education and skills, orientation to foreign trade, development of a mechanism to support priority industries, competitiveness and protection of competition. Based on the identified challenges in the area of ​​industry, recommendations for the implementation of an active industrial policy in short and long term periods were developed. Namely: the government's priority orientation of industrial development; paying special attention to the processing industry sectors that Georgia has the potential to produce; supporting the development of scientific fields; Determination of certain benefits for those investors who invest money in industrial production; State partnership with the private sector, manifested in the fight against bureaucracy, corruption and crime, creating favorable business conditions for entrepreneurs; Coordination between education - science - production should be implemented in the country. Much attention should be paid to basic scientific research, which does not require purely commercial returns in the short term, science should become a real productive force; Particular importance should be attached to the formation of such an entrepreneurial ecosystem that will contribute to the expansion of export-oriented production; Overcoming entry barriers in export markets. Keywords: Industry, sectoral structure of industry, export-import of industrial products, institutions implementing industrial policy. JEL Codes: L16, L52, L53, O25

Sustainable development of Russian industry in the context of a macroeconomic shock and new industrial policy

Aim. The presented study aims to analyze the sustainable development of Russian industry in the context of a macroeconomic shock.Tasks. The authors describe the manifestations and causes of the 2022 macroeconomic shock; assess the impact of the macroeconomic shock on the current level of industrial production in Russia; develop recommendations to ensure the sustainable development of domestic industry based on the implementation of a new industrial policy.Methods. This study uses the methods of comparative and retrospective analysis, generalization, scenario and situational forecasting, and expert assessment.Results. The turbulence of economic processes both in Russia and globally has increased dramatically since the end of February 2022. This gave rise to a situation that can be described as a macroeconomic shock, i.e. a significant and transient change in one or more macroeconomic parameters, disturbing the economy's equilibrium and causing a transition to a new quasi-equilibrium state. At the first stage, the macroeconomic shock caused a decline in industrial output. At the second stage, the decline was genereally stopped, but industrial restructuring was initiated, negatively affecting critical and technologically complex production. The analysis of available data clearly indicates a correlation between the magnitude of production decline in certain industrial sectors and the level of their import dependence. At the same time, the potential of traditional import substitution has largely been exhausted. Therefore, the authors propose a model of a new industrial policy for implementation. Its essence is that the state should organize the production of competitive industrial products rather than ensure it. This is a radical paradigm shift. The expressed conceptual idea will require further in-depth study in case it is adopted. The authors believe that this will happen shortly, and the scientific community will join the constructive discussion and elaboration of the ideas presented in the article.Conclusions. The modern Russian economy in general and industry in particular is developing in the context of a macroeconomic shock caused by the sanctions of the collective West. The production decline caused by the shock is gradually diminishing. However, there is a negative industrial restructuring caused by high import dependence of some industries. To remedy the situation, the idea of a new industrial policy based on a more active role of the state in the economy is proposed.