Good Level Of Practice Research Articles

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Towards COVID-19 Among Healthcare Students in Vietnam.

BackgroundHealthcare students are a force that will aid healthcare workers in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 for this population in Vietnam.MethodsAn online-based cross-sectional survey was considered with all students at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Ho Chi Minh City (UMP), Vietnam, between June and August 2020. A structured questionnaire was used to assess KAP towards COVID-19 with response having considerable data missing in the areas of KAP being excluded from the analysis. All data were analysed by using STATA 14 software, to determine the factors associated with preventive practices, and a multivariable regression analysis was performed, along with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).ResultsA total of 2351 eligible participants completed the survey, 65.6% of whom were female, and their mean age was 21.9 years old (SD = 2.7). Almost all had sufficient knowledge (86.6%) and good preventive practice (92.8%) towards COVID-19; however, there was also a rather low level of positive attitude recorded, at 68.8%. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the female participants, and the receiving of information from the official websites, reported a significantly higher level of good practice. Besides, students who had a high level of sufficient knowledge and positive attitude towards COVID-19 were more likely to have good preventive practices (All p<0.001).ConclusionThe findings demonstrated good preventive practice towards COVID-19; however, sufficient knowledge and positive attitude were lower. Therefore, it is an identified requirement to continue with additional education and training strategies to offer a better understanding and positive viewpoint of the pandemic for all students, including healthcare students.

Efficacy of Instructional Program on Clinical Nurse Educators Implementation of Cooperative Learning at Faculty of Nursing

Background: Cooperative learning plays a vital role to equip the nursing students with overall needed qualities and skills that suggest clear adoption and effective implementation from clinical nurse educators. Aim: To determine efficacy of instructional program on clinical nurse educators' implementation of cooperative learning at Faculty of Nursing. Subjects and method: A quasi experimental study design was used. Setting: Study was conducted at Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University including all seven academic nursing departments. Subjects: All available (n=80) clinical nurse educators included nursing demonstrators and assistant lecturers enrolled at Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University. Three tools were used; Tool I: Clinical nurse educators’ perception regarding cooperative learning implementation Questionnaire. Tool II: Knowledge questionnaire about cooperative learning implementation. Tool III: Cooperative learning implementation observational checklist. Results: Pre-instructional program, majority (83.7%) of clinical nurse educators had low perception level regarding cooperative learning implementation. Majority (88.7%) of clinical nurse educators had poor knowledge level preinstructional program, while post-instructional program high percent (77.5%) of them had good knowledge level and 96.0% of them showed good practice level. Conclusion: Postinstructional program most of clinical nurse educators had good knowledge level with significant improvement compared to pre-instructional program. Also, majority of them showed good practice level regarding implementation of cooperative learning in clinical sessions. Recommendations: Conduct in-service training programs and workshops for qualifying and encouraging clinical nurse educators for using cooperative learning in their clinical sessions

Knowledge, Attitude, Perception and Practice Influencing the Occurrence of Malaria in Households of Peri-Urban Communities in Abuja

Malaria is unique among diseases because its roots lie so deep within human communities. Malaria is a threat to more than 40% of the world's population. The role of household residents and communities cannot be overemphasized. The study examined the knowledge, attitude and practice influencing the occurrence of malaria in households of Peri-Urban Communities in Abuja. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research that is guided by the Health Belief Model using quantitative methods of data collection. The study employed a multi-staged sampling technique to select 414 households in Abaji and Kuje peri-urban communities in Abuja. However, 385 household residents of peri-urban communities participated in the study. Research questions and hypotheses were formulated and were tested using the SPSS version 27 to compute descriptive and inferential statistics which were tested at a 5% level of confidence. Majority of respondents 47.5% are above the age of 36years with the mean age of 47.1± 19.8. findings revealed that 59.9% of the residents had good level of knowledge of malaria among households residents in peri-urban communities in Abuja mean of 16.3 ± 4.07, 46.7% of the households residents had good level of attitude towards malaria prevention in the peri-urban communities in Abuja 21.9 ±Std. Dev = 2.96 more than forty percent of the participants had a good level of practice of malaria prevention among households residents of peri-urban communities in Abuja Mean 21.9±. .96. From the test of hypothesis, the first hypothesis showed there was a significant relationship between knowledge level of households and attitude towards occurrence of Malaria in Peri Urban Communities in Abuja (R=0.803, p&lt; 0.000). The second hypothesis indicated that there was a significant relationship between demographic characteristics (Age, marital status, family type, level of education and religion) and attitude towards the occurrence of Malaria in Peri Urban Communities in Abuja (p&lt; 0.000) The third hypothesis showed that both perceived susceptibility and perceived barriers was significant predictor of knowledge of malaria occurrence among household residents of Peri-Urban communities. The calculated R Square and p-value for perceived susceptibility and barriers is: 0.716 which signifies 71.6% contribution to knowledge of occurrence of malaria among household residents of Peri-Urban communities (p=0.000) In conclusion, the study established that there was a good level of knowledge and attitude about malaria while there was high perceived seriousness of malaria while there was low level of perceived barrier toward malaria. It is therefore important for a development of social, communication and behavior change on prevention of malaria occurrence among household residents in communities. Government should also provide malaria prevention tools like ITN, drugs and vaccination for residents of peri-urban communities.

Recognition and Practice of Home-Management of Malaria among Mothers of Under-Five Children in Obafemi Owode Community, Abeokuta, Ogun State

The study investigates the factors influencing the recognition and practice of Home-management of malaria among mothers of under-five children in Obafemi Owode Community, Abeokuta, Ogun State. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. The study employed a multi-staged sampling technique to select 299 nursing mothers of under-five children at the primary health care centre of Obafemi Owode Community. The main instrument for the study was a questionnaire. The selected socio-demographic variables were analyzed using the descriptive analysis while the hypotheses were tested using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and linear regression analysis. The result indicated that 38.5% of the nursing mothers had a high level of knowledge of home-based management of malaria. 55.9% of the respondents had an average attitude towards home-based management of Malaria. 46.8% had a good level of practice of home-based management of malaria. There was a significant relationship between the demographic factors of nursing mothers and knowledge of home-based management of malaria among nursing mothers of Obafemi Owode Community, Abeokuta, Ogun State (p&lt; .05). However, the age of mother is not significantly associated with knowledge of home-based management (p&gt; 0.05). The calculated R Squared and p-value for demographic variables on practice of home-management of malaria among nursing mothers is: 0.788 which signifies 78.8% contribution to practice of home-management among nursing mothers. Hence, all demographic characteristics of nursing mothers are significant predictors of practice of home-based management of Malaria among Nursing mothers of Obafemi Owode Community, Abeokuta, Ogun State. The study recommended that Primary Health centres should put in place mechanisms for example incorporating components of home visit in the performance appraisal of community Health Officers to ensure the recommended number of visits are adhered to. Also, caregivers’ seemingly inability to correctly dissociate between the two essentials of knowledge related to malaria can be addressed by Community Health Officers through the home visit programme.

Introducing the Concept of Consonance-Disconsonance of Best Practice: A Focus on the Development of 'Student Profiling'.

The present study, using a non-experimental approach, investigated a theoretical concept of best practice, which we recently introduced – namely: a ‘state of consonance’ and a ‘state of disconsonance’ of best practice. Consonance of best practice posits that different levels of best practice (e.g., low level of best practice versus optimal level of best practice), as well as other comparable psychological constructs (e.g., motivation towards learning) would cluster or ‘group’ together. Disconsonance of best practice, in contrast, would indicate non-overlapping of contrasting levels of best practice (i.e., low level of best practice versus optimal level of best practice). Taiwanese undergraduates (N = 831) from five private universities in Taipei City and New Taipei City, Taiwan took part in the study by responding to a suite of Likert-scale questionnaires (e.g., Best Practice Questionnaires, Motivation towards Learning Questionnaire), which took approximately 30–35 min to complete. Cluster analysis, commonly known as ClA, was used to analyze the data and seek theoretical understanding into the nature of the consonance of best practice. Results, overall, showed support for our proposition, resulting in four distinct profiles: ‘a Balanced Profile,’ ‘an Intrinsic Motivation Profile,’ ‘a Current Best Practice + Interest Profile,’ and ‘a Current Best Practice + Motivation Profile.’ This evidence, helping to advance further research development, has a number of practical implications for consideration. For example, how could we use the Balanced Profile to develop learning objectives and/or pedagogical practices that would encourage students to enjoy their learning experiences?

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Prevention of Catheter-associated UTI among Nurses of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is among the common bacterial infections worldwide and approximately 80% are associated with a urinary catheter. Catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) has been associated with increased mortality, morbidity, length of hospital stay and the best way of CAUTI prevention is to adhere to recommended guidelines on infection control in the use of a urinary catheter.&#x0D; Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among the nurses of college of medical sciences. A total of 160 staff nurses were selected using a probability simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire for knowledge, Likert scale for attitude, and checklist for practice regarding the prevention of CAUTI. The data gathered was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS software.&#x0D; Results: Among the total of 160 participants, most of the nurses 59.37% had moderate knowledge and 16.25% had adequate knowledge towards the prevention of CAUTI. The positive attitude of nurses was 41.88% and the majority of nurses 64.38% had a good level of practice. Also, age (p=0.022), professional qualification (p=0.001), designation (p=0.001), current area of practice (p=0.030) and previous information towards CAUTI prevention (p=0.003) among all the socio-demographic variables were statistically significant with the level of knowledge regarding the prevention of CAUTI.&#x0D; Conclusion: Majority of nurses level of knowledge was not satisfactory and had a negative attitude regarding CAUTI prevention. This indicates that the implementation of an educational program is needed to enhance nurses' knowledge regarding catheter management to improve quality care.&#x0D; Keywords: attitude; catheter-associated urinary tract infections; CAUTI; practice; UTI

A study to Assess the Knowledge and Practice of Staff Nurses and Postnatal Mothers on Implementation of Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Chennai

Aims: Breastfeeding is considered the ideal nutrition for neonates. It not only provides the essential micronutrients and macronutrients but also helps in building a bond between the baby and the mother apart from its long term effects. For the promotion of breastfeeding several steps have been initiated by the UNICEF and WHO of which BFHI is the most important initiative. This study is to assess Knowledge and Practice regarding breastfeeding of BFHI among Nurses and postnatal mothers.&#x0D; Study Design: A non experimental descriptive study.&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Department of Neonatology and Department of obstetrics, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India. Between September 2020 and December 2020.&#x0D; Methodology: A hospital based survey was done among 40 staff nurses and 40 postnatal mothers regarding their knowledge about BFHI and breastfeeding, demonstration of practice of breastfeeding and principles of BFHI and their perceptions on factors that hinder the implementation of BFHI. Data on knowledge of baby-friendly hospital initiative and breastfeeding was collected by using a self-administered structured questionnaire and practice of breastfeeding by observation checklist. Descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential (Chi-square, normality test, and Spearman’s rank correlation) statistics were used for data analysis with SPSS version 20.&#x0D; Results: Both the staff nurses and mothers were assed for knowledge using7 questions compared to the postnatal mothers the knowledge about BFHI and Breastfeeding was higher among the staff nurses. Successful practice of breastfeeding and principles of BFHI was studied using demonstration of proper positioning, attachment, expression of breast milk and skin to skin contact which again was higher among the staff nurses compared to the mothers. The findings show that out of 40nurses surveyed, more than (77.1%) of the respondents had a good level of knowledge and more than three-fourth had a good level of practice of breastfeeding. Among the mothers there was significantly lesser knowledge with less than half (45%) had knowledge about BFHI .Regarding the practice of breastfeeding and BFHI (89%) of the staff nurses demonstrated successful breastfeeding and principles of BFHI in comparison (75.5%) of the mothers showed successful breastfeeding. Regarding the hindrances to breastfeeding both the mothers and staff nurses had similar views.&#x0D; Conclusion: There is still lack of complete awareness of some major recommended practices in the hospitals that will promote and sustain breastfeeding. The staff nurses and postnatal mothers need to be educated further on the importance of breastfeeding and principles of BFHI. This can be achieved by promoting antenatal and lactation counseling of the mothers and training of the staff nurses on the principles of BFHI. Policy changes in educating mothers and staff nurses on promoting breastfeeding should be implemented.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Primigravida Women on Birth Preparedness

Background:Preparedness for birth involves advance planning and preparation for delivery. Birth Preparedness (BP) includes preparation for normal delivery, readiness to deal with complications, and postnatal and newborn care. Inadequate knowledge and insufficient preparation for quick intervention in case of emergencies lead to a delay in receiving health services. This situation, wherein the potential for poor maternal and fetal outcomes is great, is an especially worrying concern for women of childbearing age.Aim:This study aimed to assess the BP knowledge, attitude, and practice of primigravida women.Methods:An exploratory descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Two hundred primigravida women constituted the study sample. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data.Results:Approximately two-thirds of the primigravida women (65.0%) had a moderate level of knowledge of BP, and 96.5% had a favorable attitude toward BP. A good level of practice was observed in 58.5% of the primigravida women. Univariate analyses revealed that the level of knowledge had a significant and strong association with the level of attitude, whereas the level of practice showed a good but not statistically significant association with the level of attitude.Conclusion:Primigravida women had a moderate level of BP knowledge, good BP practice, and a highly favorable attitude toward BP. Hence, antenatal care clinics are vitally important for pregnant women because they can provide BP education. Governmental institutions and their affiliates that are assigned to the sector of maternal health should develop strategies to improve BP at the individual and community levels.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) towards Family Planning among Women of Reproductive Age in Fiji

BACKGROUND: Globally, family planning is one of the most important public health issues in both developed and developing countries due to high unmet needs. &#x0D; &#x0D; OBJECTIVE: To assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) towards family planning among women of reproductive age in Suva, Fiji. &#x0D; &#x0D; METHODS: The study applies a cross-sectional quantitative method using a self-administered questionnaire to collect data. Using random sampling, a sample of 325 women was used for the study and they were sought from three health clinics in Suva, Fiji. The questionnaire was administered to the respondents who met the inclusion criteria and they provided information that mostly involved rating the different issues and identifying their level of KAP. This data was analyzed using the statistics program SPSS version 25. &#x0D; &#x0D; RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 31.53 (&amp;plusmn;7.35) years. A majority of the participants (64.6%) belonged to a Christian church while 65.2% belonged to iTaukei ethnic group. Approximately half of them (45.6%) had a high level of knowledge while 53.5% had moderate knowledge with only 0.9% reporting that they had poor knowledge. In terms of attitudes, 54.2% of the participants had high level or positive attitudes towards family planning with only a small proportion of 0.3% had low level or poor attitudes. In terms of practice, a majority of the participants (65.9%) had medium level of practice towards family planning while 24.6% showed a poor level with 9.5% having a high or good level of practice towards family planning. &#x0D; &#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: This study identified that women had medium level of knowledge and practice towards family planning, but their attitude was relatively high. Using behavioral change models such as health belief model (HBM) that focus on perceived benefits and barriers may help to promote KAP towards family planning among Fijian women.

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES AMONG NURSES TOWARDS HIV/ AIDS PATIENTS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, AMROHA

Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has become one of the most serious challenges to public health due to its high morbidity, mortality and economic impacts. Good Knowledge, positive attitudes and practices are important aspects of providing nursing care for people living with HIV/AIDS. Aim: This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practices of nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: This study was descriptive, performed on 200 nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients at a tertiary care Hospital, Amroha. Data was collected using pretested, validated, self administered questionnaire consisting of knowledge, attitude and practice based questions related to HIV/Aids and infected patients along with demographic variables of nursing staff under study. Results: The result of this study showed that majority of nurses (81%) working with HIV/AIDS patients possess adequate level of knowledge. Most of the nurses under study showed high level of empathic attitude toward people living with HIV/AIDS (above 80%) but at the same time high level of avoidance was observed among some nurses. Practice of nurses working with HIV/AIDS patients was found good. Conclusions: There was satisfactory knowledge, positive attitudes and good practice level among nurses under study. Recommendations: Training should focus on Preventive methods and modes of HIV transmission, care and support of all patients no matter what the disease, emphasizing confidentiality as a patient right that should not be ignored and should train nurses and monitor nursing skills.&#x0D; Keywords: Public health, Nurses, HIV, Knowledge, Attitude, Practices

Knowledge and awareness of parents in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia regarding unintentional home injuries in children 2019 a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Aim:To evaluate the adherence of parent's preventive measures of unintentional home injury in their children by measuring the parents' knowledge and awareness regarding the risk factors of unintentional home injury.Settings and Design:An online questionnaire was used. The study followed a descriptive cross-sectional design.Method and Materials:The study was conducted between December 2019 and January 2020 included 324 participants who fulfilled the criteria during the period. An appropriate statistical test was used to register the statistical significance between the participants' answers and demographic characteristics.Statistical Analysis:SPSS 20.0 software package was used for entering the collected data and for statistical analysis.Results:Descriptive statistics showed that (66%) of participants were female. At least 50% of the participants were aged 26–35 years and had a bachelor's degree. Most reported at a good level of practice against the risk factors of unintentional home injury. The correlation between the participants' level of practice against the unintentional home injury, their age, and their level of education was statistically significant.Conclusions:The results showed the level of practice against unintentional home injury was significantly higher in parents their age more than forty, and those with a high educational level. This result suggested that nationwide health programs and initiatives must be toward families and parents in assessing their home hazards.

Skill of suctioning adult patients with an artificial airway and associated factors among nurses working in intensive care units of Amhara region, public hospitals, Ethiopia

BackgroundMost patients who are admitted in the intensive care units suffer from an increase in secretions in the airway and difficulty in clearing these secretions due to the existence of artificial airway, decreased ciliary clearance, and defect in the cough reflex. As a result, these patients need suctioning which is the most frequent invasive procedure performed in patients having an artificial airway to remove accumulated secretions. The risks for hemodynamic, respiratory, and neurological compromizations are evident when suctioning procedure is not carried out using the appropriate techniques. Therefore, nurses should apply basic principles prior to, during, and post suctioning. Objectiveto assess the skill of suctioning adult patients with an artificial airway and associated factors among nurses working in intensive care unit, Amhara Region public hospitals, 2020. MethodsInstitutional based cross-sectional study design was employed among 200 nurses working in adult intensive care units of Amhara region public hospitals using the census. Data were collected using a standardized self-administered questionnaire and observation checklist. Data were entered using Epi-data version 4.2 and analyzed by SPSS version 25 software. Logistic regression analysis was employed to describe the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. ResultIn this study, 52(28.9%) with 95%CI (22.8, 35.6) of the participants had a good level of practice whereas 128 (71.1%) with 95% CI (64.4, 77.2) had inadequate practice towards suctioning patients with an artificial airway. Nurses who can access suctioning guidelines were 12 times more likely to practice the good suctioning skill as compared to those who didn’t access guidelines (AOR = 12; 95% CI (4.8, 29)). Besides this, nurses who had good knowledge of suctioning were 27 times more likely to practice good suctioning skills as compared to their counterparts (AOR = 27; 95% CI (8.5, 91)). ConclusionMajority of nurses who were working in the Amhara region adult critical care units had inadequate practice towards suctioning patients with an artificial airway. The major factors associated with the inadequate suctioning skill of nurses in Adult ICU were unavailability of suctioning guidelines and inadequate knowledge towards artificial airway suctioning.

Menstrual Hygiene’s and Early Pregnancy Among Adolescents, and Associated Factors in 2021, Commune of Lokossa, Benin

A poor management of menstrual hygiene and the occurrence of teenage pregnancies constitute a real public health problem in Benin. The aim of the research was to analyse the level of knowledge and practices of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls and to determine the prevalence of early pregnancies as well as associated factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 230 adolescent girls was selected by three-stage cluster sampling. Adolescents aged 10 to 19 years old who had their menstruation and living in Lokossa commune were included in the study. The mean age (SD) of menarche was 14.17±1.18 years. The Kotafon was the majority ethnic group and concerned 81% of the adolescent surveyed girls. The prevalence of early pregnancy was 14.8%. Girls' level of good knowledge of menstruation was evaluated at 47.8%, the level of good practices was 17.8%. Early pregnancy is more observed among adolescent girls living in couple, those in school and those living outside the matrimonial home (p<0.0001). At the multivariate analysis, the non-indigenous girls had a three times good menstrual hygiene practices than indigenous girls (Kotafon ethnic group) with OR=7.13 [CI95% 2.20-23.13], p=0.001 and living outside the family (parents, guardians) increased the level of good menstrual hygiene practices more than seven times, OR=7.22 [CI95% 2.45-21.27], p<0.001. The absence of religious beliefs among adolescents increased good menstrual hygiene practices by 10 times compared to the presence of religious beliefs OR=10.52 [CI95% 2.83-38.46], p<0.001. Regarding access to drinking water, compared to 'sometimes' and 'never' access, 'always' access induced a higher proportion of good menstrual hygiene practices respectively by 6.25 times (OR=6.25 [CI95% 1.96-20.00]), p<0.001 and 9.09 times (OR=9.09 [CI95% 2.78-33.33], p<0.001). In addition, good menstrual hygiene knowledge increased good menstrual hygiene practices by 4.55 times OR=4.55 [CI95% 1.61-12.50], p=0.006. Strong sensitization program on menstrual hygiene practices and/or continuous access to drinking water can induce best practices on menstrual hygiene and decrease early pregnancy.

Knowledge, Practices and Information Sources of Egyptian Community Pharmacists Towards the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) during the Peak of the Pandemic

Background: Community pharmacists are among the first accessible healthcare providers to patients and play a pivotal role in completing the cycle of COVID-19 pandemic control and prevention. Objective: To evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices of Egyptian community pharmacists towards the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) during the peak of the pandemic and discover their sources of information. Methods: An observational cross-sectional questionnaire-based study in Egypt. Community pharmacists were included between June and July 2020. The questionnaire was validated through face and content validation. Results: Four hundred and twenty-two community pharmacists responded to the questionnaire. Approximately two thirds (n=287, 68%) showed good knowledge with a median knowledge score of 8 [IQR= 7-9]. About 63% of the participants showed positive attitudes towards the role of the Egyptian ministry of health in controlling the pandemic. Less than half (n =171, 40.5%) were found to have good practice level. The type of community pharmacy and the academic degree were associated with knowledge levels (p=0.014 and p=0.033, respectively). No correlation was found between knowledge and practice (rs=0.068, p=0.163). Official health organizations were found to be the primary (n=326, 77.3%) source of information in our sample. Conclusion: Many Egyptian community pharmacists had good to fair knowledge, attitude and practice levels towards the novel Coronavirus pandemic. However, Egyptian health organizations should consider more educational and awareness programs as insufficient knowledge, incorrect sources of information with the wrong attitude by some pharmacists could have negative and unwanted consequences on pandemic control and public health.

Knowledge and practice among nurses regarding breastfeeding in a hospital with baby-friendly hospital initiative

Introduction: The baby-friendly hospital initiative is a global program launched by WHO and UNICEF in 1991 to encourage hospitals, mainly maternity wards to implement practices that protect, promote, and support breastfeeding. This study aimed to assess Knowledge and Practice regarding breastfeeding of BFHI among Nurses.&#x0D; Method: A cross-sectional analytical study design was used among nurses of Maternity, Children, Gynaecology, and Postpartum wards of Patan Hospital, from January 2019 to February 2020. Data on knowledge of baby-friendly hospital initiative and breastfeeding was collected by using a self-administered structured questionnaire and practice of breastfeeding by observation checklist. Descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential (Chi-square, normality test, and Spearman’s rank correlation) statistics were used for data analysis with SPSS version 20.&#x0D; Result: The findings show that out of 100 nurses surveyed, more than half (58%) of the respondents had a good level of knowledge and less than one-fourth (23.8%) had a good level of practice of breastfeeding. There was no significant association between level of knowledge and baby-friendly hospital initiative in the nursing course (p=0.814), training on breastfeeding in hospital (p=0.069), or outside (p=0.944). There was a weak positive correlation between knowledge and practice of breastfeeding.&#x0D; Conclusion: Compared to knowledge on breastfeeding, the practice was quite low among the nurses.

Factors Correlated with Practices Regarding Care of Dengue Patients Among Nurses from 94 Primary Care Units in a High- Risk Province in Southern Thailand.

BackgroundIn Thailand, primary care units (PCUs) play a part in the health assessment, diagnosis, care, basic treatment and referral of patients suffering from dengue.MethodsIn Nakhon Si Thammarat province in Thailand, we (i) undertook assessment of the personal information, experience, knowledge, attitudes, preparation of equipment and use of medical supplies of nurses in PCUs with regard to dengue patient care (DPC); (ii) analyzed the factors and practices of nurses regarding DPC; (iii) explored nurses’ opinions regarding DPC in PCUs. A cross-sectional mixed methods of collecting data consisted of quantitative and qualitative methods. The study cohort was 94 nurses from 94 PCUs in an area of high risk of dengue outbreaks. The quantitative component involved questionnaires. The qualitative component consisted of nurses’ discussions in focus groups. Spearman’s test was employed to analyze quantitative data, and thematic analyses were employed for qualitative data.ResultsOf 94 nurses from 94 PCUs, 77.7% (n = 73) had a poor knowledge level of DPC and negative attitude, preparation of equipment was carried out by 60.6% (n = 58), and 1 to 6 aspects of DPC were at good practice level: 88.3% (n = 83), 87.2% (n = 82), 85.1% (n = 80), 50.0% (n = 47), 51.1% (n = 48) and 77.7% (n = 73). There was no significant correlation (i) between the knowledge, attitudes and practices with regard to DPC (P > 0.05); (ii) with practice guidelines for dengue prevention (P > 0.05). The quantitative results were related to the four main themes of the qualitative study.ConclusionThere was a few who had good knowledge and positive attitude levels among participants, and >90% of all nurses had good practices regarding DPC. PCU nurses need training and supporting equipment to carry out a DPC program.

Assessment of knowledge, practice, and status of food handlers toward Salmonella, Shigella, and intestinal parasites: A cross-sectional study in Tigrai prison centers, Ethiopia.

Unsafe food becomes a global public health and economic threat to humans. The health status, personal hygiene, knowledge, and practice of food handlers have crucial impact on food contamination. Hence, this study is aimed at assessing the knowledge, practice, and prevalence of Salmonella, Shigella, and intestinal parasites among food handlers in Eastern Tigrai prison centers, Northern Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was carried out from April to September 2019 among food handlers in Eastern Tigrai prison centers, Northern Ethiopia. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the demographic characteristics, the knowledge, and the practice of the study participants. Direct wet mount and formol-ether concentration techniques were applied to identify intestinal parasites. Culture and biochemical tests were used to isolate the Salmonella and the Shigella species. Additionally, antimicrobial susceptibility tests to selected antibiotics were performed using Kirby-Baur disk diffusion method. We used SPSS version 23 software for statistical analysis. Thirty-seven (62.7%, 37/59) of the participants had harbored one or more intestinal parasites. The protozoan Entamoeba histolytica/dispar was detected among 23.7% (14/59) of the study participants who provided stool specimen. Besides, 6.8% (4/59) of the samples were positive for either Salmonella or Shigella species. The Salmonella isolates (n = 2) were sensitive to Gentamicin, Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, and Clarithromycin but resistant to Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, and Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Similarly, the two Shigella isolates were susceptible to Gentamicin, Ciprofloxacin, and Ceftriaxone but showed resistance to Amoxicillin, Tetracycline, and Chloramphenicol. Further, 60.6% (40/66) of the participants had good level of knowledge, and 51.5% (34/66) had good level of practice on foodborne diseases and on food safety. We conclude that foodborne pathogens are significant health problems in the study areas. Regular health education and training programs among the food handlers are demanded to tackle foodborne diseases at the prison centers.

Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Associated Factors Regarding the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic.

It is recognized that novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) originated from China and quickly crossed all borders by infecting individuals of all age categories throughout the entire world. Since March 11, 2020, the day the novel COVID-19 outbreak was declaration by the WHO as a COVID-19 pandemic, it has caused substantial morbidity and mortality globally. It has become a priority of global society because of the severe impact it puts in all dimensions. Therefore, the present review was intended to examine the knowledge, attitude, practice, and associated factors towards COVID-19. The review addressed the vital points for the health professionals giving care for COVID-19 patients, stakeholders participating on this pandemic virus, health policy-makers and implementers, researchers, and for the populations as a whole. The majority of the studies reflect a good knowledge, positive attitude, and good practice towards COVID-19 respective to their countries. Some studies have identified factors associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19. For instance, age, educational level, residence, monthly income, profession, gender, marital status, and news media were factors significantly associated with knowledge. Age, occupation, educational level, monthly income, gender, residence, knowledge, and practice were factors significantly associated with attitude. Age, marital status, educational level, residence, monthly income, knowledge, gender, and attitude were factors significantly associated with practice. The majority of the studies reported a good level of knowledge, optimistic attitude, and a good level of practice about COVID-19. But, some studies showed unimpressive knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19. An improvement is needed, and community education should take place as usual with a commitment by using all the strategies that could support improving the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the population. Training should be provided for healthcare workers to update and make them more effective in diagnosing, managing, and controlling this pandemic. The integration of good knowledge, a positive attitude, and sufficient practice towards COVID-19 could contribute a significant and essential role in controlling this pandemic.

THE MALAYSIAN MOVEMENT CONTROL ORDER (MCO) IMPACT AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH PRACTICES TOWARDS CORONAVIRUS DISEASE 2019 (COVID-19) AMONG A PRIVATE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SELANGOR

A novel strain of coronavirus was first detected in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It is the causative agent of a respiratory disease known as the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). On 12th March 2020, it was declared as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. The aim of the study was to study the impact of MCO in terms of the academic performance and finance on the student population and to measure the level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards prevention of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) among a private university students in Malaysia. On 22nd April until 30th April 2020, a cross-sectional study using a convenient sampling method was conducted among 401 students using a self-administered online questionnaire survey. It was found that 272 (67.8%) of the respondents had a less negative impact of MCO while 129 (32.3%) of the respondent had a more negative impact of MCO. The findings show also 229 respondents (57.1%) have adequate knowledge. As for the attitude, about 237 respondents (59.1%) have an adequate attitude and only 191 respondents (47.6%) have adequate practice towards the prevention of COVID-19. There was a significant relationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice with family income, a significant relationship between knowledge and practice, a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude, a sig. relationship between knowledge, attitude, practice with university faculties, the relationship between knowledge and source of information. The MCO showed significant association with knowledge level and with practice, also MCO was less negatively impact on the medical faculty students with p-value 0.004. The MCO was more negatively impacting those with less family income. The study findings concluded that the majority of the participants had a fair level of knowledge, attitude, and a lesser level of good practice towards the prevention of COVID-19. However, the COVID-19 is still considered a global pandemic and has not resolved yet. Therefore, to minimize the risk of future COVID-19 cases current efforts to educate the public towards knowledge, attitude, and practice towards prevention of COVID-19 in public health should be done.

Level of awareness of Saudi medical students of the internet-based health-related information seeking and developing to support health services

BackgroundMany studies are available in the literature about e-health in Saudi Arabia, however, data is limited to a few organizations and does not necessarily reflect the current and potential use of e-health for health care organizations in the country. This study aimed to determine the level of awareness of Saudi medical students of the internet-based health-related information seeking and developing to support health services and significant predictors of their practice.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 440 medical students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, was conducted, during October/November 2019, using a previously validated questionnaire, to assess: (1) knowledge in three domains; e-health definition (13 statements), fields of application of e-health (8 statements), methods of using e-health (7 statements), (2) attitude toward using e-health (8 statements) and (3) reported practice of e-health in medical training (5 statements). A scoring system was used to calculate the total and percentage score of knowledge, attitude, and practice for each student. Multiple regression analysis was applied to identify predictors of e-health practice. Significance was considered at p < 0.05.ResultsOf 440 medical students, the majority were females (55.7%) and from families whose monthly income was more than 10,000SR (82.8%). Overall knowledge about e-health was unsatisfactory (percentage mean score, PMS = 71.6%), with only 43.6% of students reporting a satisfactory level. However, this level was satisfactory for fields of application (Percentage mean score-PMS = 76.6%) and unsatisfactory for the definition of e-health (PMS = 70.7%) and methods of its use (PMS = 65.7%) domains. The overall attitude towards e-health use was positive (PMS = 82.3%), with nearly three-quarters of students (73.4%) reporting a positive attitude. Generally, a good level of practice of e-health was reported by students (PMS = 84.3%), with more than three-quarters of students (78.4%) reporting good practice. Adjusting for age, gender, stream, educational grade, and family monthly income, good practice was significantly predicted with higher knowledge (t = 2.22, p = 0.03) and attitude (t = 2.11, p = 0.04) scores.ConclusionThis study provides basic information regarding medical students’ level of awareness of internet-based health-related information seeking and developing to support health services. More resources should be directed to elevate medical students’ knowledge and to motivate them to practice e-health using the available tools.