Level Of General Knowledge Research Articles

An exploration of the motivations and barriers to being a foster parent in Florida

Many states in the U.S. face increasing numbers of children in foster care, with high turnover and low foster parent retention rates. There is a large body of research that discusses the methods for successful foster parenting and effective foster parent retention; however, there is not much literature on perceived motivations and barriers to being a foster parent. This research adds to the literature by providing an understanding of why most families do not foster, as well as the average public knowledge and exposure to foster care issues. This study specifically identifies adult Floridian’s interest in being a foster parent, general knowledge level about fostering, exposure to fostering, and perceived motivations and barriers to fostering. The data collection was conducted using MTurk to recruit survey participants which gauged participants’ general knowledge about fostering, average exposure to fostering, and perceived motivations and barriers to fostering. Statistically significant relationships were identified between individual’s interest in fostering and respondent demographics, general knowledge, average exposure, and perceived motivations and barriers to fostering. Specifically, demographics including gender, religion, religiousness, marital status, children, and education each revealed statistically significant relationships between two or more indicators of average exposure to fostering. In addition, respondents; religious affiliations was associated with a higher self-perceived knowledge of foster care issues. These results can inform future research and guide targeted foster parent recruitment efforts that adapt education and recruitment to specific demographic characteristics. The researchers also recommend that future research explore treatments that may influence interest in fostering based on the general exposure, knowledge, motivations, and barriers identified.

The Knowledge Level of the Fish Farm Owners Related to the Technical Recommendations on the foundations of Fish Farming in Rashed and Edko district – Behiera Governorate

This study was primarily aimed at prospective role of agricultural extension in the field of fish farming in Rashed and Edko district in Behiera Governorate. The questionnaire was used in a personal interview to update the field data from the 200 research samples from the owners of community fish farms in Rashed and Edko district. The data were collected in more than one year, and statistical methods used percentages, frequency and relative distribution tables, arithmetic means, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, and multiple Step Wise regression coefficient using Spss program. The most important results were as follows: - 49.5% of researchers had a low overall level of knowledge, compared with 39,5% had an average overall level of knowledge, while 11% had a high overall level of knowledge. There is no doubt that the general level of knowledge of the researchers may affect the amount of production from these farms. - The most important problems facing the researchers are the high costs of establishing a fish farm, followed by the lack of physical capacity of the farmers. The low price of fish in marketing, the lack of an independent financial source to finance the fish farming process, frequent problems with taxation, high rent prices for fish land, unclear role of extension in the development and development of fish farms for the establishment of extension farms; The absence of the vital role of the Public Authority for the Development of Fish Resources, the failure to supply extension publications to farmers; Lack of inputs, difficulty in obtaining good crops, the appearance of many diseases in fish during breeding. water scarcity and lack of availability throughout the year, lack of water for fish farming. low feed quality, high feed price, low fish harvest, and finally no intensive farming systems in farming.

Antithrombotic drugs and patients’ outcomes at Cairo University Hospitals

Background Antithrombotic agents are widely used for thrombotic disorder management among critically ill patients. Subcutaneous administration of heparin is a repeated clinical practice done by nurses, which may cause adverse outcomes. Aim To investigate critical care nurses’ knowledge and practices regarding subcutaneous antithrombotic drugs and associated patients’ outcomes at Cairo University Hospitals. Research questions What do critical care nurses know regarding subcutaneous antithrombotic administration? What are critical care nurses’ practices regarding subcutaneous antithrombotic administration? What are the outcomes associated with subcutaneous antithrombotic drug administration among critically ill patients? Research design A descriptive exploratory research design. Setting Selected ICU affiliated to Cairo University Hospitals. Sample A convenience sample of 30 nurses and purposive sample of 60 adult male and female critically ill patients. Tools of data collection Four tools were utilized. Tool 1: critically ill patients’ personal characteristics and medical data sheet, tool 2: nurses’ knowledge-assessment questionnaire regarding subcutaneous antithrombotic drugs, tool 3: nurses’ practice observational checklist regarding subcutaneous antithrombotic drug administration, and tool 4: subcutaneous antithrombotic drug administration observational sheet of critically ill patients’ outcomes. Results About 60% of the studied nurses were females, 53.3% of the sample’s age ranged from 20 to less than 30 years. As well, 51.7% of critically ill patients were females, 38.3% of the sample’s age ranged from 60 to less than 70 years. The studied nurses were having unsatisfactory general knowledge level about subcutaneous anticoagulants, subcutaneous anticoagulants’ adverse effects, and nurses’ responsibilities concerning subcutaneous anticoagulants in percentages of 96.7, 96.7, and 90%, respectively. Also, unsatisfactory practice level as regards preinjection, during, and postinjection of subcutaneous anticoagulants in percentage of 100%. The most frequent adverse outcomes were localized pain, bruising, itching, and hematoma in percentages of 93, 85, 70, and 58%, respectively, where less frequent adverse outcomes were systemic thrombocytopenia, hematuria, and epistaxis in percentages of 6, 4, and 3.3%, respectively. Conclusion All critical care nurses had unsatisfactory knowledge and practice regarding antithrombotic therapy, inspite of their vital role in assessment, drug administration, care of critically ill patients, and monitoring drug-adverse effects. Also, the most frequent adverse outcomes among critically ill patients were pain, bruising, itching, and hematoma. Recommendations Updating ICU nurses’ knowledge and practice about antithrombotic drugs and maintaining close observation and record for both local and general patient’s response to antithrombotics by staff nurses during and after drug administration are highly recommended to safeguard critically ill patients against such complications.

Prompt Practice of Organized Teaching and Awareness of Domestic Waste Management among Rural Communities

Background: Waste disposal and collection, processing, transportation and dumping of waste - the 'waste management process' - is important for both public health and aesthetic and environmental reasons. The study uncontrolled hazards waste from the industry after mixing with municipal waste create potential risk to human health.
 Objectives: 1. A Study to Assess An Immediate Effectiveness of Planned Teaching on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Household Waste Management among the Rural Community People in Selected Area of Wardha District. 2. To associate the knowledge and practice among the community people in a selected area of Wardha district regarding household waste management. Materials and Methods: This study was based on one group pre-test post-test experimental research study. The population was the rural community people from Sawangi and Salod in the Wardha district. The subject consisted of 50 community people of 18-50 years of age in the selected rural community of Wardha district.
 Results: The minimum score in the posttest was 13 and the maximum score was 18, the mean score for the posttest was 16.04±1.10 with a mean percentage score of 89.11±6.14. The tabulated value for n=50-1 i.e. 49 degrees of freedom was 2.00. The stated value of 't' is much higher than the value tagged at a value level of 5% at the general public knowledge level which is a statistically acceptable level of value.

Public Awareness and Compliance with Preventive Measures for the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic in Jazan Area, KSA

Objectives: COVID-19 being one of the significant public health challenges, preventive measuresplay an essential role in reducing infection rates and the severity of the disease. This study obtained toestimate the general level of knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding emerging COVID-19.Study design: cross-sectional community based.Methods: Data collected using a structured self-administered online questionnaire, distributed to Jazanresidents, KSA between March to September 2020.Results: 345 eligible participants were enrolled, among whom the total mean score of the knowledge,attitude, and practice were 19.6 ± 10.8, 34.8 ± 3.4, 32.7 ± 3.4 consecutively, In term of prevention andprotection against the virus transmission, only 186 (53.9%) know that hand washing and (54.5%) knowthat using of the face mask can protects against the virus transmission.Conclusions: The community was highly significant regarding transmission of (COVID19) andimplemented most of the precautionary practices, such as avoiding handshaking and using an alcoholhand rub. Most of the participants obtaining an average level of virus-related information and retaininga positive attitude towards overcoming COVID-19 infection, but they reflect a low to moderate level ofawareness of Covid19’s clinical manifestation

Polish Medical Students' Knowledge Regarding Human Papillomavirus's Ways of Transmission, Risk of Cancer Development and Vaccination, and Their Intention to Recommend Vaccination.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with six types of cancer in men and women. A vaccine against HPV, preferably administered before initial sexual intercourse, has been proven to be highly effective in preventing these cancers. An effective healthcare provider recommendation has significant influence on HPV vaccine uptake; therefore, it is critical that medical students receive comprehensive training in this area. Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of medical students regarding Human Papillomavirus’s (HPV) ways of transmission, risk of cancer development, and vaccination against HPV. This study also investigated factors among medical students that would affect their intention to recommend HPV vaccination to others. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 1061 (678 women and 383 men) medical students who filled in our questionnaire. The medical students were divided into two subgroups: (1) pre-clinical medical students (MS pre-clinical; first-to third-year students; n = 683) and (2) clinical medical students (MS clinical; fourth-to six-year students; n = 378). Results: A total259 (24.41%) of the 1061 medical students were vaccinated against HPV. We found a significant improvement in the general level of knowledge in the later years of education (4–6) compared to the early years of education (1–3). However, it was demonstrated that, despite medical education advancements, there are still significant gaps of knowledge about the relationship between HPV infection and cancers other than cervical cancer, as well as in relation to the routes by which HPV is transmitted. Medical students’ intentions to recommend HPV vaccine to others were related to their own HPV-related knowledge and their own vaccination status. Conclusion: Medical students have gaps of knowledge regarding particular issues and aspects of HPV. It is necessary to further educate medical students in the field of prevention and in the treatment of lesions caused by HPV infection. Medical students’ intention to recommend the HPV vaccine can be improved by including them and members of their families in the HPV vaccination program.

A Survey on Daylighting Education in Italian Universities. Knowledge of Standards, Metrics and Simulation Tools

Daylighting is a strategic topic to achieve sustainable buildings, so it is more and more imperative that it is implemented in architecture curricula to prepare a new generation of daylighting-oriented practitioners. In this frame, the DAYKE project (Daylight Knowledge in Europe) was set up to explore the level of knowledge about daylighting among European professionals and students. DAYKE-Europe was replicated as DAYKE-Italy to study the knowledge of daylight standards, metrics and software among Italian architecture students, and to compare it to that observed within DAYKE-Europe. A sample of 542 questionnaires were collected in five universities. Primary outcomes were: (i) a general low level of knowledge on daylighting was observed; the most cited metrics were the average daylight factor and the geometrical window-to-floor ratio, while climate-based daylight metrics were rarely mentioned; (ii) master science M.Sc. students reported more knowledge on daylight metrics and regulations than bachelor B.Sc. students, while the implementation of daylight metrics and strategies in projects was mainly deficient among B.Sc. students; (iii) compared to European students (DAYKE-Europe), Italian students showed a higher knowledge of daylight metrics and software (especially as for M.Sc. students), while the opposite was observed for standards, regulations and protocols. Based on the results, a reconsideration of daylight education in architecture curricula is recommended.

Patient Awareness and Knowledge Level for Radiation in Different Radiology Modalities in Hospitals

Aims: Understanding the knowledge gaps among the public regarding radiation protection of each modality has helped to assess the community awareness and perception, which reflects our urgent need for more education for the public. This project aims to evaluate the knowledge levels of patients undergoing medical imaging procedures is regarding the risk and benefits by providing sufficient information regarding their specific medical imaging technique upon examination.
 Study Design: A prospective study with a special questionnaire to collect data.
 Place and Duration of Study: Subjects: Different departments of Radiology in different hospitals, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, for 3 months.
 Methodology: The survey was conducted in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, to include four major hospitals. The sample of the study included 500 patients (125 for each hospital). Patients are aged 18 years and over were referred by physicians for a radiological examination, including different radiologic modalities.
 Results: It was found that 52% of patients were provided the information about radiology examination. The mean scores of questions ranged from 69% to 76%. So, there was a strong positive correlation between the radiology examination information received by patients and the radiation questions' score.
 Conclusion: The majority of patients who visited the radiology departments in Jeddah's hospitals did not receive sufficient information about radiation awareness when starting the radiology examination, which in turn reflects their level of general knowledge of radiation risks.

Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions related to COVID-19 among Beninese military

The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge guiding attitudes, and to highlight the perceptions of Beninese military personnel towards COVID-19. This is a cross-sectional study conducted from May 18 to June 16, 2020 in the garrison of Cotonou through the administration of an anonymous questionnaire to 836 participants. To assess the level of knowledge, major and minor criterion were defined. The level of attitude was assessed in relation to specific questions on the use of the hand washing device; the frequency of hand washing and the wearing of a mask. Above 50%, the level of general knowledge was considered good. Statistics were analyzed by Stata 15.1. The mean age was 34.49 years. The sex ratio was 08.1. Officers were the most represented (55.27%). Soldiers from the 1st Motorized Intervention Battalion participated most in this study. It was found that 12.61% had a good level of knowledge and about 95% reported having a satisfactory attitude towards the coronavirus. Majority of participants (87.62%) declared that the pandemic had a negative impact on their lives. The level of knowledge of military personnel about the coronavirus is considered low. Initiatives based on appropriate information sources should be developed to strengthen their attitudes for better impact. Key words: Knowledge, attitudes, perception, coronavirus, military personnel, Benin.

Assessing oral health literacy of university nursing students: A cross-sectional exploratory study

AimResearch has proven a link between oral health and numerous chronic systemic diseases. To achieve better health outcomes, there is a need to involve interprofessional primary health care providers, such as nurses to raise awareness and promote oral health. Nurses have regular contact with patients which provides a unique opportunity to impart disease-specific information and technical skills for patients to self-manage their oral health conditions. However, the baseline oral health literacy of undergraduate nursing students at the University of Sydney is not known. Before creating a targeted curriculum to improve oral health literacy amongst nursing students, it is essential to assess the baseline oral health knowledge of these students. This study aimed to assess the oral health literacy level among undergraduate nursing students of the University of Sydney, Australia. DesignAn exploratory research approach was used. MethodsA cross-sectional survey study was conducted using the validated Comprehensive Measure of Oral Health Knowledge (CMOHK) instrument. A univariate general linear model was used to explore the association of CMOHK total score with demographic and educational variables. ResultsA total number of 197 nursing students participated in the survey, with a mean CMOHK score of 15.48, SD 3.27. 72% were categorized as having good, 16% fair and 12% poor oral health knowledge. The analysis from the six individual knowledge domains of the CMOHK revealed lower percentages of correct responses in the periodontal disease and oral cancer knowledge domains. Students with English as their second language, on average, scored 2 fewer correct responses (p <.001) than students whose first language was English. Low socioeconomic status was not associated with a low level of oral health literacy. ConclusionThe baseline results show a good level of general oral health knowledge as measured by the CMOHK. However, periodontal disease and oral cancer were identified as the particular domains where a knowledge gap exists. These findings may help to map and design an oral health education intervention to improve oral health literacy amongst nursing students. Culturally responsive pedagogy may need to be considered for students with English as their second language. This baseline survey data may potentially facilitate integrating oral health in nursing education and practice.

KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS LEVEL OF THE SOCIETY ABOUT COVID-19 IN TURKEY: A CROSS SECTIONAL RESEARCH

COVID-19 is a newly discovered type of virus. It is known that the disease is transmitted by droplets. The best way of protection from COVID-19 is social isolation and high level of knowledge and awareness. The study aims to determine knowledge and awareness level of the Turkish society about COVID-19. The study is cross-sectional and quantitative which conducted in Turkey’s six largest cities. An online questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data. A total of 970 respondents were included in the study. The general knowledge and awareness level of the respondents was found 81%. It was determined that knowledge and awareness scores significantly differed across gender. The groups with higher education gave significantly higher correct answers regarding the new type of coronavirus. It was found that the knowledge and awareness level of women about new type of coronavirus was significantly higher than men. Countries around the world have been making great efforts to stop the spread of the virus. There are many measures implemented for this purpose. However, general level of knowledge regarding COVID-19 is critical to implementing the measures and preventing infection. Therefore, the studies on population to detect knowledge level is important for decision making. In this study, it was determined that COVID-19 knowledge and awareness levels of men, people with low education level and the respondents who prefer television as a channel of obtaining information were low compared to the other groups. Therefore, it is recommended to increase awareness raising activities especially for these groups.

A descriptive cross-sectional study on the awareness level towards the COVID-19 among the internet users of Bangladesh

Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a pandemic worldwide is caused by SARS-CoV-2 and represents the causative agent of a potentially contagious disease that is of great global public health concern. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice towards the COVID-19 pandemic among the internet users of Bangladesh.Methods: A web-based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a structured questionnaire implemented through google form and circulated online over distinctive social media from April 2020 to June 2020. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23.0 employing univariate, bivariate and multivariate techniques and also one-way ANOVA where applicable.Results: From the obtained data, 98.8% of the participants were aware of the COVID-19, among them 60.7% obtained the information from social media. The general transmission knowledge level score was found at 3.37±0.71. Overall knowledge level score on signs and symptoms and treatment options were found 2.8±0.05 and 5.17±1.44, respectively. This study demonstrated that a significant portion of the population (80.7%) is dissatisfied with the role of the government in combating COVID-19. One-way ANOVA reveals that women show more adherence with practicing the precautions required to refrain from COVID-19 which was highly significant (p value 0.066). The backward likelihood ratio analysis showed that education and sex have significant p value in case of treatment knowledge score and practice score, respectively.Conclusions: Although the perception towards the COVID-19 is encouraging among the populations who are using the internets, our study findings suggest that updated knowledge, safety guidelines and preventive measures must be provided by the concerned authorities to enhance the awareness and to reduce the spreadability of the COVID-19 outbreak.

A Survey Analysis of Art Teachers’ Use of Transmedia Technology

&lt;p&gt;Transmedia technology is a modern innovative system which scientists consider to be real communication revolution. Transmedia technology is investigated and actively implemented in different life spheres and social activities, such as mass media, journalism, marketing, culture, education etc. There is an urgent need to study the opportunities of using the transmedia technologies in art education, in particular in music teachers’ professional training. The implementing of transmedia technology in music teachers’ professional training contributes to the qualitative development of their professional competence, broadening of their outlooks, the improvement of artistic abilities, and professional skills. To study in detail both teachers’ and HEI students’ mastering of transmedia technology, the online survey “Transmedia Technology in Art Education” was held. HEI lecturers, secondary school Art teachers, teachers of Art school in Sloviansk, students of SHEI “Donbas State Pedagogical University” and Communal Institution “Pokrovsk Pedagogical College” took part in this questionnaire. The analysis of tests has proved the low level of acknowledgement about the essence of transmedia technology. However, it has demonstrated a high level of general technology knowledge and skills that makes it possible to implement the transmedia technology in educational process. We have revealed a number of issues which require the attention and further development.&lt;/p&gt;

Rubella and tick-borne encephalitis vaccination rates among staff and students at Austrian University of Applied Sciences.

Rubella and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) are infectious diseases caused by viruses. Rubella is an air-borne infection. TBE, on the other hand, is transmitted by virus-infected ticks. Both diseases show specific symptoms after an incubation period of approximately 10 days. The Austrian vaccination plan recommends vaccinations against both viruses, as only these can protect against both infectious diseases. Because of both, an increase in measles infections and the high endemic rate of TBE in Austria, our goal was to evaluate the vaccination rate, antibody titre and general level of knowledge with respect to these two infections amongst adults in order to identify possible nescience regarding booster vaccination and general titre rates. One hundred ninety-nine people participated in the study of the TBE and rubella titre determination. We used indirect ELISA and asked the volunteers to complete a questionnaire. The analysis of the results showed a vaccination coverage rate of over 90% for both diseases. Our findings lead to the conclusion that the protection through immunization is very high and the vaccines used are extremely effective, particularly as some individuals do not adhere to the recommended vaccination schedule.

Nutrition Knowledge among College of Basic Education Students in Kuwait: A Cross-Sectional Study

Lack of nutrition knowledge may contribute to poor dietary practices. Schools are an ideal environment to address this issue and to start the process of nutrition education. Therefore, teachers should be equipped with adequate nutrition knowledge. This study was designed to evaluate the level of general nutrition knowledge and demographic variations in knowledge in a sample of students attending the College of Basic Education in Kuwait. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a modified and validated revised version of the General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (GNKQ-R) for UK adults. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association between various factors and nutrition knowledge score. A total of five hundred and ninety-seven students completed the questionnaire. Most respondents (84.1%) had a poor level of nutrition knowledge using original Bloom's cutoff points. Sex, BMI, cooking habits, and who is responsible for preparing food in the household were the main determinants of nutrition knowledge score at p < 0.05. The mean score of the students was 40.06 ± 9.89 out of 84 points. Females scored significantly higher than males, at 41.10 ± 9.29 and 38.72 ± 10.48, respectively (p = 0.007). Students with a BMI of ≥30 achieved significantly greater scores (mean 42.30 ± 9.41) than those who were underweight, normal, or overweight (p < 0.001). Students who stated that they always cook their own food achieved significantly greater scores (mean 43.69 ± 9.58) than those who did not (p = 0.025). Students who stated that they depend on the housekeeper for food preparation achieved significantly lower scores (mean 38.86 ± 10.13) than those who prepare their own food or depend on their relatives to prepare food (p = 0.042). Poor nutrition knowledge was found among prospective teachers studying in the College of Basic Education. This must be rectified for the effective implementation of nutrition education programs in schools.

Is there a relationship between breastfeeding status and life style changes, eating behaviors, attitudes, and orthorexia nervosa tendencies of mothers? A web‐based study

It was aimed to compare the breastfeeding status and healthy life style changes, eating behaviors, attitudes, and orthorectic tendencies of mothers. All volunteered mothers who have a child between the ages of 0 and 2 were included in this cross-sectional study. Five hundred fourteen individuals were included. Five parted questionnaire and "ORTO-11" test and "Eating Attitude Test" were used. A statistically significant relationship was found between breastfeeding status and working status and professions of mothers. Mothers who did not breastfeed, skipped main meal more frequently, and smoking and occasional alcohol consumption was higher. The mean score of the participants on the ORTO-11 scale was 25.09±4.80, EAT-40 scale mean score was 18.80±10.42. High-risk in eating attitudes was found in 12.0% of all participants. It was observed that mothers who did not breastfeed were mostly in high-risk group in terms of eating attitude. Mothers who did not breastfeed were mostly in high-risk group in terms of eating attitude compared with breastfeeding mothers. It is of great importance that healthcare professionals organize trainings for increasing the general level of knowledge of mothers and provide healthy living and breastfeeding counseling.

Anime affection on human IQ and behavior in Saudi Arabia

The present study attempted to determine the effects of watching anime and understanding if watching anime could affect the mental and social aspects of kids or other group of ages, and also to decide that the teenagers and children should watch anime or not. The research design used in this study is the descriptive research method and observational where in data and facts from direct observations and online questionnaires were used to answer the research question. The finding of this study suggested that anime viewers has higher level of general knowledge comparing with the non- anime viewers and as well as higher IQ level significantly in a specific group, besides anime can be used to spread a background about any culture and plays a role in increase the economy.

COVID-19-Related Knowledge and Practices Among Health Care Workers in Saudi Arabia: Cross-sectional Questionnaire Study.

BackgroundHealth care workers are at the front line against COVID-19. The risk of transmission decreases with adequate knowledge of infection prevention methods. However, health care workers reportedly lack a proper attitude and knowledge of different viral outbreaks.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of health care workers in Saudi Arabia toward COVID-19. Assessment of these parameters may help researchers focus on areas that require improvement.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire study was conducted among 563 participants recruited from multiple cities in Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was shared via social media applications, which contained questions to health care workers about general information regarding COVID-19 and standard practices.ResultsThe mean age of the study population was 30.7 (SD 8) years. Approximately 8.3% (47/563) of the health care workers were isolated as suspected cases of COVID-19, and 0.9% (n=5) were found positive. The majority agreed that social distancing, face masks, and hand washing are effective methods for preventing disease transmission. However, only 63.7% (n=359) knew the correct duration of hand washing. Almost 70% (n=394) strictly adhered to hand hygiene practices, but less than half complied with the practice of wearing a face mask. Significant differences in health care workers' attitudes were observed on the basis of their city of residence, their adherence to COVID-19 practices, and their compliance with the use of a face mask. Among the health care workers, 27.2% (n=153) declared that they will isolate themselves at home and take influenza medication if they experience COVID-19 symptoms.ConclusionsThe majority of health care workers in Saudi Arabia presented acceptable levels of general knowledge on COVID-19, but they lack awareness in some crucial details that may prevent disease spread. Intense courses and competency assessments are highly recommended. Prevention of disease progression is the only option for the time being.

Farmers’ Knowledge of Integrated Pest Management of Cotton Crop in Some Villages of Ismailia Governorate

The aim of this research was to determine knowledge level of the farmers concerned the integrated pest management recommendations (IPM) of cotton at Ismailia Governorate. In addition to determine the correlation relationship between knowledge degree of the farmers and the studied variables. Furthmore, determine the information sources of the (IPM) . Consequently, identification of the most important problems facing cotton growers in the research area . This research was conducted in Ismailia on a sample of 302 respondents with a percentage of 22% of the whole farmers of country Data were collected through which a personal interview guided by a questionnaire during the months of March of 2020, and the data were quantitatively processed and statistically analyzed using the tabular presentation with frequency, percentages, and arithmetic mean , And the simple correlation coefficient. The most important results were: - The general level of knowledge of the surveyed farmer was low regarding with their knowledge about the integrated management methods, it reaches 48.4% of the respondents. - Farmers of knowledge degree was average regarding both of application of Agricultural duration and agricultural Practices that reaches to 51.8% besides the use of mechanical control which found to be 59%, On the contrary, farmers knowledge level regarding was use of legislative control was low as it reached 40% likewise the chemical control that found to be 42.8% of the respondents. - It was found that there was a correlation a significant between the Farmers’ Technical Knowledge of (IPM) on Cotton Crop and the age variable of the surveyed farmer (-.147*) however,this relationship goes direct at a significant level (0.01) for the surveyed farmer according to : The degree of regular education, years of experiences of (IPM) and the rate of visit of the IPM experts which found to be 0.232 ** , 0.287 ** and 0.211 **, respectively . - The most reliable information sources of IPM were : family, neighbors and friends, director of the agricultural administration, director of the extension center, and local leaders with a percentage of 96%, 83%, 70%, 58%, respectively . - The most important problems facing farmers in the field of using (IPM) of Cotton were: the low price of the cotton quintal, high labor costs, high costs of weeds control, high prices of insecticides and chemical fertilizers beside the equal prices of cotton among farmers regardless of their rank with percentage of 88.7%, 82.8%, 77.2% and 73.5%, respectively.

Evaluation of a Simulation-Based Training Program on Childhood Trauma with Occupational Therapy Students

An educational and simulation-based training model, the Professional ACEs-Informed Training for Health Professionals designed for allied health students was evaluated using a pre-and-post design. The training model emphasizes trauma-informed care and uses social simulation to educate and train students with skills to address adverse childhood experiences. This study evaluated occupational therapy students’ (N=70) levels of self-efficacy and knowledge of trauma-informed care at both pre- and post-training. Analysis of variance results indicated a statistically significant improvement in students’ levels of general self-efficacy and knowledge from pre- to post-assessment (p < .01). These results are suggestive of the usefulness of brief didactics combined with simulation to educate occupational therapy students on adverse childhood experiences and trauma-informed care.