Level Of Equivalence Research Articles

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Arabic version of the oral health values scale.

The study aimed to adapt the original English-language oral health values scale (OHVS) to the Arabic culture and to test its psychometric properties. The original OHVS was translated into Arabic language and pre-tested using cognitive interviewing. The psychometric properties of Arabic OHVS were examined in a sample comprising 416 Libyan adults aged 18-70 years, recruited from the main public and private dental clinics in Benghazi. The participants' demographic information, oral health behaviour, perceived oral health, the Arabic version of the OHVS (A-OHVS), dental neglect scale, oral health-related quality of life, oral health literacy, simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), and decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT) were collected. Psychometric properties were tested using content validity, construct validity, discriminating validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and floor as well as ceiling effects were examined. The Arabic OHVS was successfully and smoothly developed. It showed an acceptable level of equivalence to the original version, The A-OHVS presented an overall Cronbach's Alpha of 0.74 and the average score was 40.02, ranging between 26 and 54. All hypotheses predefined to test construct validity were confirmed. The bivariate correlation between A-OHVS and other health indicators shows a significant positive correlation between A-OHVS and oral health literacy (p = 0.000). On the other hand, statistically significant negative correlations were observed between A-OHVS and dental neglect and quality of life (p≤ 0.001) as well as DMFT and OHI-S (p ≤ 0.001). Floor or ceiling effects were not observed. The A-OHVS was shown to be a valid and reliable tool for assessing oral health values in the Arabic-speaking population.

Linked Links—A Research Project: The Multiple Superimposed Soft Networks as Network Profiles

This article, based on network science, aims to contribute to overcoming its geometric and technological phases. The novelty consists in considering links of networks as linked by superimposed networks, termed here multiple superimposed soft networks (MSSN), which is introduced as a research issue. Such links of links (termed here as passive links) concern, for instance, correspondences, incompatibilities, and temporal synchronizations between the occurrences of pairs of active links of effective networks, such as those based on electrical and telecommunication. A possible constitutive mechanism of such passive linkage consists of linkage representations for practices and histories of use expressed by their validating statistical reoccurrences. We consider the possible emergent nature of the passive linkage. The reason for introducing the design and usage of MSSN properties as a research issue involves making new approaches to profile and manage networks available. Correspondence between active linkage and MSSN properties should be a matter for an experiential, machine-learning approach. Research issues relate their possible usage on the active linkage such as for classification, comparations, detection of criticalities, diagnosis, performance evaluation, and regulatory as weak forces. Furthermore, the possible identification of standard corresponding configurations of passive and active linkage is finalized to avoid their establishment or, conversely, in facilitating their establishment and keeping their replication in different contexts (or partially and in combinations) and identifying related standardized approaches (also for classes of configurations having significant levels of equivalence). This research project has methodological generalizing aspects of trans-disciplinarity. We conclude by mentioning related research issues.

APPROACHES ON SURROGATE METHODS FOR IN VIVO BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDY OF FORMULATED BILAYER TABLETS OF DOMPERIDONE AND ITOPRIDE

Objective: This study aims to provide a more efficient pathway for generic drug approval while maintaining the same level of therapeutic equivalence and safety as the reference product. This was based on the equivalence of in vitro evidence other than through expensive in vivo equivalence testing. Methods: Biowaiver and IVIVC are surrogate methods for in vivo bioequivalence studies. The Biowaiver test was done according to WHO, TRS992, 2015 Annex 7, Appendix 1, the recommendation for conducting and assessing comparative dissolution. IVIVC was done by the level A Convolution method. Innovator product was used as Ganaton OD for Itopride and Motilium for Domperidone to perform the comparison testing. Results: The similarity factor (F2) between the test and innovator product of Domperidone at pH 1.2 HCl, Acetate Buffer pH 4.5, and water was 79.51, 68.00, and 58.97 and the dissimilarity factor (F1) was 7.24, 8.05 and 11.01 respectively. From the IVIVC study by level A convolution method of Cmax, AUC, Tmax of Ganaton OD and formulated Itopride were found to be 409.16ng/ml, 5652.28 ngh/ml and 4h and 252.16ng/ml, 4601.12 ngh/ml and 12 h respectively. Conclusion: The F2 limit is 50-100 and F1 is 15 mentioned as per guidelines followed for the biowaiver test, which means the formulated domperidone is deemed equivalent to (Motilium) innovator of domperidone. The predictive error on the AUC of Itopride formulated was found to be 18.59 % which was within the limit of±20 %, demonstrating the therapeutic range.

Pharmacologically significant constituents collectively responsible for anti-sepsis action of XueBiJing, a Chinese herb-based intravenous formulation.

Sepsis, a life-threatening health issue, lacks effective medicine targeting the septic response. In China, treatment combining the intravenous herbal medicine XueBiJing with conventional procedures reduces the 28-day mortality of critically ill patients by modulating septic response. In this study, we identified the combined active constituents that are responsible for the XueBiJing's anti-sepsis action. Sepsis was induced in rats by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The compounds were identified based on their systemic exposure levels and anti-sepsis activities in CLP rats that were given an intravenous bolus dose of XueBiJing. Furthermore, the identified compounds in combination were assessed, by comparing with XueBiJing, for levels of primary therapeutic outcome, pharmacokinetic equivalence, and pharmacokinetic compatibility. We showed that a total of 12 XueBiJing compounds, unchanged or metabolized, circulated with significant systemic exposure in CLP rats that received XueBiJing. Among these compounds, hydroxysafflor yellow A, paeoniflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, albiflorin, senkyunolide I, and tanshinol displayed significant anti-sepsis activities, which involved regulating immune responses, inhibiting excessive inflammation, modulating hemostasis, and improving organ function. A combination of the six compounds, with the same respective doses as in XueBiJing, displayed percentage survival and systemic exposure in CLP rats similar to those by XueBiJing. Both the combination and XueBiJing showed high degrees of pharmacokinetic compatibility regarding interactions among the six active compounds and influences of other circulating XueBiJing compounds. The identification of XueBiJing's pharmacologically significant constituents supports the medicine's anti-sepsis use and provides insights into a polypharmacology-based approach to develop medicines for effective sepsis management.

More than one way to skin a dose volume: the impact of dose-surface map calculation approach on study reproducibility

Objective. Dose-surface maps (DSMs) provide spatial representations of the radiation dose to organ surfaces during radiotherapy and are a valuable tool for identifying dose deposition patterns that are predictive of radiation toxicities. Over the years, many different DSM calculation approaches have been introduced and used in dose-outcome studies. However, little consideration has been given to how these calculation approaches may be impacting the reproducibility of studies in the field. Therefore, we conducted an investigation to determine the level of equivalence of DSMs calculated with different approaches and their subsequent impact on study results. Approach. Rectum and bladder DSMs were calculated for 20 prostate radiotherapy patients using combinations of the most common slice orientation and spacing styles in the literature. Equivalence of differently calculated DSMs was evaluated using pixel-wise comparisons and DSM features (rectum only). Finally, mock cohort comparison studies were conducted with DSMs calculated using each approach to determine the level of dosimetric study reproducibility between calculation approaches. Main results. We found that rectum DSMs calculated using the planar and non-coplanar orientation styles were non-equivalent in the posterior rectal region and that equivalence of DSMs calculated with different slice spacing styles was conditional on the choice of inter-slice distance used. DSM features were highly sensitive to choice of slice orientation style and DSM sampling resolution. Finally, while general result trends were consistent between the comparison studies performed using different DSMs, statisitically significant subregions and features could vary greatly in position and magnitude. Significance. We have determined that DSMs calculated with different calculation approaches are frequently non-equivalent and can lead to differing conclusions between studies performed using the same dataset. We recommend that the DSM research community work to establish consensus calculation approaches to ensure reproducibility within the field.

Assessment of the Translation of Metaphor and Simile in Selected Quranic Verses into English

Translating the Quran enables a broader global audience, including those unfamiliar with Arabic, to connect with its teachings, fostering engagement among individuals from diverse linguistic backgrounds. It employs an elegant approach to elucidate this intellectual concept by employing figurative language to present ideas for better comprehension. The primary objective of this study is to assess the most effective approach for translating figurative language, such as similes and metaphors, found in the Holy Qur'an. Selected translation samples are used to analyze the different techniques applied in translating these elements within the Quranic text. Furthermore, the study seeks to identify processing methods followed by translators when dealing with Quranic similes and metaphors, analyzing them to gauge the level of equivalence between translation techniques and the intended meanings. The analysis is based on three specific translations: Abdallah Yusuf Ali's English translation "The Holy Quran", Al-Hilali and Khan's translation of “The Nobel Quran, English Translation of the meanings and commentary”, and Arthur John Arberry's translation "The Holy Koran". Through a careful examination of selected samples, this study highlights that the chosen translators employ diverse techniques and procedures to convey the authentic meaning of these figurative expressions. However, due to the inherent challenges and obstacles faced when translating similes and metaphors, there are instances where the translators fall short of reproducing the same imagery and impact as the original expression. In essence, they found in the source text.

КӨРКӨМ КОТОРМОНУН ӨЗ АРА БӨЛҮНҮШТӨРҮ ЖАНА АЛАРДЫН СПЕЦИФИКАЛЫК ӨЗГӨЧӨЛҮКТӨРҮ

The article states that grammatical forms, syntactic constructions, sentence symmetry, syntactic figures, rhythmicity of poetic and prose speech, repetitions, parallelisms, etc. in the text have their own national and cultural specifics. Due to the absence or underdevelopment of fundamental works on translation studies, translation criticism, translation history and translation theory in the native language in the native language, we are not able to select and present to the general reader the best translations that clarify the qualitative characteristics, specific features and mutual differences of a true literary translation. Literary translation requires the highest level of equivalence, which can only be achieved by a creative, diligent, experienced translator, overflowing with translation skills. Indeed, in the history of literature there are poets and writers who became famous for their free translation. One of the main tasks of the translator is to provide the full content of the original, where the content of the original and the translation is identical, compatible and the correct translation is very important. Equivalence is the component that fulfills and implements this unity.

CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF THE LACUNA’S TRANSLATION MODEL IN MODERN LINGUISTICS

The cultural turn makes translation shift from word – text to cultural register. According to the view of cultural translation, culture serves as the translational unit. The lacunarity phenomenon, which is a linguistic and cultural occurrence when two languages are compared, has grown into a significant issue that translators must resolve. Therefore, the urgency of this research has changed to how to eliminate cultural conflict and fill up lexical lacunas. In this paper, we first clarify the similarities and differences of terms related to the lacunarity phenomenon from the perspective of their relevance. Then, aiming at the compensation of linguistic lacunas (semantic and pragmatic) in literary works, we adopt inductive, deductive, and modeling research methods according to the adequacy principle of translation, and put forward for the first time the concept of constructing the lacuna’s translation model in modern linguistics (novelty), with the purpose of building a complete set of systematic solutions to the translation problem of this phenomenon, so as to make the translation harmonious and unified in three aspects: aesthetic value, text equivalence, and functional correspondence. We can draw this conclusion from the meta-theoretical analysis of the lacuna’s translation model in modern linguistics and its use in the translation of the book “Tales of Hulan River” by Chinese author Xiao Hong: The model is a systematic innovation and endeavor in the field of translation based on linguistic research, and it has practical methodological importance. It can provide a set of formulaic reference standards for translators to interpret lexical lacunas. The following are the justifications for the conclusion: First, the model’s foundation is linguistic research on the concept of “lacuna”, including the examination of the relationships between terms such as “reality”, “non-equivalent words”, and “lacuna”, as well as the investigation of their definition, nature, classification, and semantic range; Second, the model adheres to the “adequacy” principle of translation, which comprises acceptability, similarity, and transmissibility while taking into account both the reader-translator and original-author orientations. This approach is robust and universal exactly because it takes into account every side involved in the translation process; Third, the model’s three theories work well together. L. S. Barchudarov developed 6 levels of semantic equivalence for language translation units, which focused more on the text’s equivalent in translation and disregarded the text’s communicative and aesthetic purposes. As a pragmatic addition to the equivalency theory of the former, the 7 functional dimensions outlined by Juliane House in the idea of functional correspondence of text can be applied. Meanwhile, by using the 6 organization principles of Gestalt psychology, the lacuna’s translation model in modern linguistics incorporates the translation form and subjective feelings into the reference mechanism from the needs of the reader as the subject of aesthetic meaning. It can be said that the triple theory offers a variety of reference indicators for translators, and they are free to combine suitable reference indicators in the filling of lexical lacunas represented by material culture, behavioral culture, institutional culture, and conceptual culture. According to the different types of lacunas, they can use translation methods such as transformational, interlinear, pragmatic translation, as well as by combining transcription, transliteration, replacement, omission, amplification, reconstructing, permutations, explanations in the text and other translation techniques, which reflects the flexibility of the translation model. However, the lexical lacunas themselves can be interpreted as a defective vocabulary in the target language, and the primary goal of the translator should be to compensate for or fill this defect, to let the reader understand “what does this mean”, then the functional correspondence of the lacuna's translation becomes more important. In other words, the lacuna’s translation model in modern linguistics requires the translator to pay more attention to pragmatic function and aesthetic effect; when necessary, translators must abandon low-level semantic equivalence and strive for high-level equivalence.

Predicting discharge coefficient of triangular side orifice using ANN and GEP models

ABSTRACT This study utilized machine learning models to predict the discharge coefficient for a sharp-crested triangular side orifice (TSO). The chosen models were the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Gene Expression Programming (GEP). Development of the models was based on 570 experimental datasets, with 70% allocated for training and the remaining 30% for testing. Five nondimensional parameters were utilized as inputs for the models, including TSO’s crest height to its height (W * =W/H), main channel width to TSO’s base length (L*=B/L), main channel width to TSO’s height (H * =B/H), upstream flow depth to the TSO’s height (Y * =y 1/H), and upstream Froude number of the main channel (F r ). While the discharge coefficient (C d ) was defined as the output. Then, the developed models were evaluated by three performance metrics, violin boxplots, and Taylor diagrams to ensure their reliability and accuracy. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to indicate the most effective parameter affecting the C d value. The findings revealed that both models predicted very well compared to the actual values, with the ANN model emerging as the most reliable predictor. It exhibited the highest determination coefficient (R 2 ), nearing 1, along with the lowest Mean-Square-Error (MSE) and Mean-Absolute-Error (MAE) values, both close to zero. The sensitivity analysis highlighted that the orifice crest height and Froude number significantly impacted the C d value, contributing to more than 36%. In addition, the predicted discharge coefficient stayed within the range of ± 5.0% of the experimental values. Finally, the developed models demonstrated a high level of equivalence compared to previous studies, especially the ANN model. Therefore, these models are recommended as accurate, robust, and rapid tools to predict the TSO’s discharge coefficient.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF MEANS OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN UKRAINIAN AND VIETNAMESE CULTURES (ON THE MATERIAL OF A FILM STORY «POEM ABOUT THE SEA» BY O. P. DOVZHENKO)

The purpose of this article is to identify and compare non-verbal means of communication in Ukrainian and Vietnamese traditions based on the film story «Poem about the Sea» by O. P. Dovzhenko and its translation into Vietnamese. The object of the research is linguistic units indicating non-verbal behavior in Ukrainian and Vietnamese traditions, as presented in this film and its Vietnamese translation. The subject of the research is the general and personal features of perception and the use of gestures, facial expressions, gaze, intona- tions, and other non-verbal means in the process of communication. Compara- tive, semantic, cognitive, linguistic, and cultural analyses, paraverbal analysis, and the descriptive method are applied. As a result, their pragmatic meanings were determined, signs of similarities and differences, features of translation, and correlations based on the level of equivalence in artistic works were identified. A number of equivalent, background, and non-equivalent means in Ukrainian and Vietnamese languages were revealed. Conclusions and prospects of the study. Non-verbal language reflects the national character and each nation can have its own characteristics. In the works of fiction, the translator and the editor tried to convey the non-verbal behavior of the characters in such a way that the equiva- lent situations and units that most adequately convey the behavior of people of another culture in the Vietnamese language prevailed. The linguistic realiza- tion of non-verbal means is described by means of verbal means such as verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs, and accompanied by epithets, metaphors, idioms and punctuation marks. Understanding the ethnocultural features of non-verbal language is necessary for an adequate understanding of Ukrainian-Vietnamese communication and for those who work on translations of literary texts from Ukrainian to Vietnamese and vice versa. In today’s world, this field of research is becoming more and more relevant and promising

Equivalence of the autism spectrum disorders diagnostics in children in telemedicine and face-to-face consultations: a literature review.

The use of remote forms of mental health care has become widespread during the period of epidemiological restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodological and organizational issues remain insufficiently developed, including the level of equivalence of the use of telemedicine technologies in the diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders. Study of the equivalence of diagnostic tools in the framework of telemedicine and face-to-face consultations in children with autistic spectrum disorders according to modern scientific literature. A descriptive review of scientific studies published between January 2017 and May 2023 was carried out. The papers presented in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and eLibrary were analyzed. Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the obtained data. The conducted analysis convincingly indicates sufficient equivalence of remote tools used in different countries for level I screening, assessment scales, and structured procedures for diagnosing autistic spectrum disorders with a high level of specificity from 60.0 to 94.4%, sensitivity from 75 dog 98.4%, and satisfaction of patients and their legal representatives. The widespread use of validated telemedicine diagnostic systems in clinical practice contributes to the early detection of autistic spectrum disorders, increasing the timeliness and effectiveness of medical, corrective psychological, pedagogical, and habilitation interventions.

TECHNIQUES AND METHODS OF TRANSLATION OF CULTURALLY MARKED VOCABULARY IN ARTISTIC TEXT (IN THE SERBIAN AND UKRAINIAN LANGUAGES)

The article is devoted to the study of translation methods and techniques used for transferring the culturally marked vocabulary from Serbian language into Ukrainian. The material for the research is the Serbian novel „Ситничарница „Код срећне руке“, written by Goran Petrovich and its Ukrainian variant «Крамничка «З легкої руки», translated by A. Tatarenko. The object of the paper is culturally marked vocabulary and its subject — methods and techniques used for translation the Serbian nationally marked units into Ukrainian language. The study pays particular attention to the revealing the culturally marked lexis units in original novel; considers typological peculiarities of the culturally marked lexicon in a translation aspect; discusses the difficulties in its translation into Ukrainian. The main content of the article is to analyze translation techniques and level of equivalence of the translation. As a result of the research, the concepts of culturally marked vocabulary and background knowledge clarified; the translation methods of onomastic lexicon is determined, the level of adequacy of the translation assessed. The results of the study allow us to draw the following conclusions: proper names can be translated in various techniques: transcription / transliteration, calque, reformulation (sometimes known as equivalence, as usual, for idioms), and descriptive translation with generalization or specification, and so on. The analyzed Ukrainian translation is quite adequate. The prospect of further research is associated with comparative (for related languages) or contrastive (for unrelated languages) method to analyze translations of the same text from different origin as well as in the theoretical comprehension of vocabulary related to the background knowledge of speakers of a certain language, and its practical study.

ИЗАЗОВИ У ПРЕВОЂЕЊУ ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗАМА ИЗ ИТАЛИЈАНСКОГ ЈЕЗИКА НА СРПСКИ ЈЕЗИК: ФРАЗЕОЛОГИЗМИ СА ИМЕНИЦАМА КОЈЕ ОЗНАЧАВАЈУ АРХИТЕКТОНСКЕ ОБЈЕКТЕ И ЊИХОВЕ ДЕЛОВЕ

In this paper, we have referred to the theory of translation in a broader sense, but we have paid special attention to the translation of idioms, which due to its unique form and meaning is not easy to translate into another language. The basic material for this work consists of Italian phraseological expressions which include nouns that can denote residential, but also architectural objects of other purposes (negozio/ shop, chiesa/ church, museo/ museum, etc.). We have also included in the research phrases in which one of the components denotes separate spaces of the mentioned buildings, as well as certain elements that are part of their constructions. We have excerpted phraseological expressions from several monolingual and bilingual, both general and phraseological dictionaries. The paper focuses on the comparison of their language structures in the original (Italian) and target (Serbian) language, the issue of equivalence, possible untranslatability, as well as the inevitable socio-cultural impact during the transfer from one language to another. The main goal of our research is to determine the most common level of translation equivalence in the transfer of selected Italian idioms into Serbian language (complete, partial or zero equivalence).

Back-translation practices in organizational research: Avoiding loss in translation.

As organizational research continues to globalize, scholars increasingly must translate established scales into languages other than those in which the scales were originally developed. In organizational psychology research, back-translation is the dominant procedure for translating scales. Back-translation has notable strengths in maintaining the psychometric properties of an established scale in a translated version. However, cross-cultural methodologists have argued that in its most basic form, back-translation often does not result in translations with acceptable levels of equivalence between original and translated research materials. Fortunately, there are complementary procedures to back-translation that can evaluate and strengthen the extent to which scale translations have achieved equivalence between original and translated versions of scales. But how often organizational researchers use and report these procedures in tandem with back-translation is unclear. This article aims to address this lack of clarity by evaluating the state of the use of back-translation in organizational psychology research by reviewing every study in Journal of Applied Psychology that has employed translation over the past nearly 25 years (k = 333). Our findings suggest that the majority of the time that researchers engage in translation procedures, they report having done so. At the same time, the details of these procedures are commonly underreported, making it unclear whether additional techniques beyond back-translation have been used to examine and demonstrate equivalence between original and translated versions of scales. Based on the results of our review, we develop a set of recommendations for conducting and reporting scale translations in organizational research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Effects of a Neutral Response Option on Occupational Interest Circumplex Fit

Abstract: Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the structural validity of Holland’s circular/hexagonal model in two versions of a commonly used Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional (RIASEC) occupational interest measure – one that used items with a neutral response option ( unsure) and one that used items without a neutral response option. Method: These comparisons were made using a sample of 1,025 undergraduate university business majors. A two-group Cosine Function Model (CFM) implemented in standard structural equation modeling software was used to investigate the circumplex fit across the two versions of the assessment. Results: CFM analyses suggested a high level of equivalence across versions such that (1) the correlation matrix of each group shows a good fit to the RIASEC circumplex, and (2) the two correlation matrices are essentially identical. Conclusion: The neutral response option (or lack thereof) did not seem to affect model fit. The generalizability of these results should be explored in future studies.

ОЦІНКА І ЦІНА ЗЕМЛІ В УКРАЇНІ ТА ДОСВІД КРАЇН ЄВРОПИ

The latest methodics of land valuation, introduced in Ukraine, has a number of positive advantages over the previous ones, but at the same time, it still does not ensure the appropriate level of adequacy of this valuation to the needs of the real land market, which causes a number of inadequacies in the level of fairness of taxation of users of land plots and their owners, reduces the level of equivalence of exchange and transactions with land and does not allow real assessment of the potential of the land resource at the micro- and macro-level. This is especially relevant for Ukraine, where land is practically the largest economic resource. Today, in the civilized countries of the world, the organization of land resources management is carried out on the basis of their mass assessment, which allows the use of modern economic-mathematical and geo-informational methods, models and algorithms, thereby increasing the level of reliability of the results obtained and the level of trust in them. Therefore, the improvement of the method of carrying out the monetary assessment of land should objectively be directed to the maximum achievement of the level of land assessment, which is adequate to level of its price at the time of the transaction of purchase and sale (taking into account the dynamics of the conjunсtural situation on the land market and the time factor), which to a certain extent is possible on the basis of mass land valuation, and therefore the purpose of the conducted research is to study the experience of foreign countries in improving land valuation methodics based on the application of market approaches to its implementation and the identification of the possible directions of its elements applying in Ukraine. The main tasks that were solved in the process of achieving the set goal are: identification of positive and negative sides of the domestic method of land evaluation; study of foreign experience in land valuation; analysis of market price dynamics for land plots in Ukraine and abroad; identification of directions for improvement of the land assessment methodology based on the use of similar experience in European countries. The results obtained during the research relate to the identification of the main positive features of the approaches to land valuation used in European countries, the identification of the dynamics of its levels and land price levels and the factors that influence them and can be used in Ukraine in order to establish directions for improvement and increase the effectiveness of the methodics of land valuation.

From virtual to physical environments when judging action opportunities: are diagnostics and trainings transferable?

The proper evaluation of whether our given bodily capabilities and environmental properties allow particular actions is indispensable for pertinent decisions, so-called affordance judgments. These can be impacted by older age or brain damage. Virtual Environments (VEs) may provide an efficient opportunity to offer trainings. But do people make affordance judgments in VEs in the same way that they do in Physical Environments (PEs)? And are these decisions trainable by use of VEs? We investigated 24 healthy young adults’ judgment performance of whether or not they could fit their hand into a given aperture. They were presented with a set of opening-increments and indicated their judgments by pressing a yes- or no-button. The stimuli were presented in PE using an aperture apparatus and in VE displayed by use of Oculus Rift goggles. Our results demonstrated the level of equivalence to be specific to the variable: While we found equivalence between VE and PE for the accuracy parameter, results were uncertain or non-equivalent for perceptual sensitivity and for judgment tendency, respectively. When applying training in VE, judgment accuracy improved significantly when tested subsequently within VE. Improvement appeared detectable in PE only on a descriptive level. Furthermore, equivalence testing post-training revealed that perceptual sensitivity performance in VE approached a PE-level. Promisingly, the VE training approach appeared applicable and efficacious within the VE. Future studies need to specify factors that enhance equivalence for detection theory variables and that facilitate transfer from VEs to PEs when judging action opportunities.

Terms of the specialized nursing language in the care of older adults at home.

To identify terms of the specialized nursing language used in the care of older adults at home and map them with the International Classification for Nursing Practice. This is a methodological study, operationalized by the steps of extraction of terms from the specialized nursing language in the care of older adults at home from official documents; normalization; cross mapping between extracted terms and those included in the International Classification for Nursing Practice, 2019/2020 version; distribution according to the Seven-Axis Model. A total of 12,365 terms were identified and, after manual screening, 530 terms were included, which were mapped with the International Classification for Nursing Practice and analyzed according to the level of equivalence, resulting in the presence of 460 (86.8%) terms, 375 (70.7%) with level of equivalence 1 and 85 (16.0%) with level of equivalence 2; and 70 (13.2%) non-included terms, 34 (6.4%) with level of equivalence 3, 22 (4.1%) with level of equivalence 4 and 14 (2.6%) with level of equivalence 5. The terms identified will serve as a basis for the elaboration of diagnoses, results, and nursing interventions for older adults living at home.

Krokodil Lacoste by Zlatko Topčić as Silvertown: An Analysis of the Play in Translation

This paper contains an analysis of the selected scenes from the play Krokodil Lacoste / Silvertown by Zlatko Topčić. The play won the “Alija Isaković” award in 2010, while the Cultural Association of Bosniaks Preporod published its dual Bosnian and English edition in 2016. The segments are analyzed parallelly in Bosnian and English for the purpose of observing the level of functional equivalence in the target text. The analysis entails extralinguistic and linguistic categories in accordance with the model developed by Hatim and Mason (1990) and later expanded by Zhang et al. (2015). The extralinguistic category includes, among others, the culture-translation relationship, and the linguistic category entails three dimensions: communicative, pragmatic, and semiotic. The analysis in this case includes the communicative and semiotic components.

Psychometric Properties of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire - Short Form (CTQ-SF) Indonesian Version

Abuse and neglect are increasingly occurring in various regions, including in Indonesia. The diversity of abuse and neglect in childhood and adolescence have an impact on neurobiological function damage so that it has long-term impacts on individuals who experience it. Unfortunately, in Indonesia there is no screening tool to assess the trauma of abuse and neglect in childhood and adolescence. This study aims to translate and obtain psychometric property of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) consisting of physical, emotional and sexual violence as well as physical and emotional neglect dimensions. The translation shows that the Indonesian version of the CTQ-SF has a good level of equivalence with the CTQ-SF. In addition, the classical test theory approach showed that the Indonesian version of CTQ-SF had a high reliability by the need of reviewing of the three items on the sexual abuse dan physical neglect dimensions. Nevertheless, a multidimensional approach of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the Indonesian version of CTQ-SF model was fit to measure the level of maltreatment (abuse and neglect) experience among adolescents in Indonesia