Level Of Burnout Syndrome Research Articles

The Effect of Burnout Syndrome on Social Media Addiction: The Case of Healthcare Workers

Abstract Social media is one of the communication tools whose using and prevalence has increased rapidly in recent years. In particular, the rapid development of information technology and the proliferation of smartphones have created the perfect environment for social media addiction, which affects all members of society, including health professionals. Available evidence suggests that the direct and indirect effects of social media addiction on human health may include, among other things, burnout. This study was conducted to reveal the impact of burnout syndrome on social media addiction. The study utilized purposive sampling technique; face-to-face survey technique was applied for data collection. The findings of the study show that the healthcare workers participating in the study have a moderate level of burnout syndrome and social media addiction. Social media addiction differs according to the gender of the participants. Again, it was found that there was no significant difference in burnout level according to gender, but there was a significant difference according to marital status. A significant difference was also found between the level of social media addiction and educational status. Another important result of the study is that there is a positive relationship and effect between social media addiction and burnout level.

Correlation of the technical subjects teachers burnout syndrome incidence level on the geographical teacher action in a specific region of Slovakia

The presented paper discusses the incidence of burnout syndrome among secondary school teachers of technical subjects. Teachers experience burnout syndrome to an increased extent, especially with certain variables. The main goal of the paper is to map the level of burnout syndrome, specifically of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal satisfaction among teachers of technical subjects. Specifically, we analysed the incidence of burnout among technical subjects in the context of all self-governing regions of Slovakia. The research sample consisted of 213 technical subject teachers working at secondary vocational schools of primarily technical orientation in various self-governing regions of Slovakia. Data collection was carried out using the MBI-ES online questionnaire. Statistical analyses were used to evaluate the results of the questionnaire survey. The results show that teachers of technical subjects experience burnout to a moderate degree, statistical significance is observed in the degree of burnout, specifically in the factor of personal satisfaction, in connection with teachers acting in different self-governing regions of Slovakia.

Burnout and Satisfaction with Work-Life Balance among General Practitioners in Bulgaria during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The objective of the present study is to analyze the link between the degree of professional burnout among general practitioners in Bulgaria during a pandemic and their satisfaction with the balance between their personal lives and professional lives. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic from December 2021 to January 2022 among 377 general practitioners. We identified the presence and level of burnout syndrome among GPs using V. Boyko's method for diagnostics of the severity of symptoms and the phases of formation and completion of the 'occupational burnout' process. Descriptive statistics and parametric and non-parametric tests were used for the analysis. For the significance level of the null hypothesis, we assumed that p < 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. A total of 96.3% of the GPs had a high level of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. They worked more than 8 h a day (74.8%) and more than 5 days a week (69.0%). A total of 86.3% of them were not satisfied with the spare time they had and stated that they could not balance their work and personal lives (67.1%) since the pandemic was announced. A link was found between the level of professional burnout and long working hours (p = 0.022), dissatisfaction with free time (p = 0.028), and the inability to balance work and personal life (p = 0.000), as well as concerns related to safety during the pandemic (p = 0.048). Unrealistically high levels of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic due to a disturbed work-life balance is a reason to re-evaluate health policies and involve more hospital care doctors at the frontlines to fight against severe infectious diseases. The results of this study could be used to inform policy makers, healthcare managers, and other stakeholders about the factors that have had profound impacts on GPs' stress levels during the COVID-19 pandemic.

STUDI KORELASIONAL SPIRITUALITAS DAN BURNOUT SYNDROME PERAWAT RUANG INTENSIF SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has put extraordinary pressure on medical personnel, especially nurses who work in critical wards. They are faced with high health-related risks as well as constant psychological stress. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the level of spirituality of nurses and the level of burnout syndrome they experience during the pandemic. This research was conducted using a survey method and data collection through questionnaires (SWBS (Spiritual Well Being Scale) and MBI-HSS (Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Service Survey)) which were given to 55 nurses who work in critical rooms selected using total sampling techniques. Research data was analyzed using Chi-square with Fisher's Exact Test. The research results showed that almost all nurses had a high level of spirituality (85.5%) and the majority of nurses did not experience burnout syndrome (60.0%). The calculated statistical value obtained a sig (2-tiled) value of 0.007 (p&lt;0.05) meaning that there is a significant relationship between the level of spirituality of nurses and the level of burnout syndrome they experience. Nurses with higher levels of spirituality tend to experience lower levels of burnout. This indicates that aspects of spirituality, such as strong beliefs and regular spiritual practices, act as protective factors in reducing the risk of burnout syndrome. Apart from that, it is also important to include a holistic approach that pays attention to spiritual aspects in care and support for nurses during pandemics and other critical situations.

Mental Health Upon Return to Face-To-Face Classes: Burnout Syndrome in Basic Education Teachers

Introduction: During the return to face-to-face classes, teachers are facing new challenges and demands because students were unable to learn adequately through the virtual modality implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Then, the increase in workload could affect their mental health and cause the appearance of burnout syndrome. Objective: Describe the level of burnout syndrome in basic education teachers upon return to face-to-face classes. Methods: The approach is quantitative, the design non-experimental and the descriptive type cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 170 teachers of whom applied the Maslach Burnout Inventory, an instrument with adequate levels of validity and reliability.

COVID-19 "Nightmare": Perceived Stress, Emotional Distress, and Burnout Syndrome among Medical Staff after One Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

(1) After one year of treating patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, physical exhaustion is added to emotional stress and burnout syndrome. (2) By applying specific questionnaires, we evaluated healthcare workers who handled patients infected with SARS-CoV-2in terms of disease perception, perceived stress, emotional distress, and burnout syndrome after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic and compared them with staff who did not handle infected patients. (3) A total of 165 persons were evaluated, with 79 working in the COVID-19 department and 86 working in the non-COVID-19 department. No statistically significant differences were found in the perceived stress scores, emotional distress (functional or dysfunctional), and disease perception among the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups. Also, we did not find any differences between the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 departments concerning their total Maslach scores-50 in the COVID-19 department and 51 in the non-COVID-19 department, p = 0480-so a moderate level of burnout in the two groups. The only statistical difference was in the Maslach depersonalization scores, which were higher among COVID-19 workers (p = 0.024). (4) In our center, there was no statistically significant difference in perceived stress or emotional distress. The level of burnout syndrome seems to be the same among the two groups, regardless if they worked withCOVID-19-infected patients or not.

Assessment of Cynicism and Burnout Syndrome Among Nurses; A Descriptive Study

Objective: Healthcare professionals are susceptible to experiencing cynicism and burnout syndrome. This study aimed to assess the cynicism and burnout syndrome levels among hospital nurses. Material and Methods: The study employed a descriptive design and involved the administration of standardized scales and a questionnaire to voluntary participants, who were nurses at a designated tertiary hospital. The questionnaire, conducted through face-to-face interviews, aimed to collect socio-demographic information, address specific concerns relevant to nurses, and comprehensively evaluate their levels of cynicism and Burnout, thereby capturing crucial socio-demographic details. Results: A total of 327 nurses participated in the study. Findings indicated that 58.1% of the nurses had willingly chosen their profession, 48.6% expressed satisfaction with their profession, and 22.3% believed their profession was valued. The study revealed a positive correlation between sub-dimensions of the burnout scale, sub-dimensions of the organizational cynicism scale, total organizational cynicism scale scores, and general cynicism scale scores (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: These results indicate that nurses are at risk of experiencing cynicism and burnout syndrome. It is, therefore, crucial to identify risk factors and implement preventive measures early on to minimize the risk. Recommendations include enhancing the working environment and conditions for healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, adjusting working hours, and providing psychological counselling services for employees.

Level of burnout syndrome in teachers of the Tecnológico Nacional de México campus Villahermosa in times of COVID-19

This research was carried out to determine the level of burnout syndrome in teachers of the Instituto Tecnologico de Villahermosa, showing the level of stress generated by the COVID-19 pandemic during virtual classes. The level of impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental, physical and emotional health will be analyzed using a qualitative-quantitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, as well as the method of situational analysis supported by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire. This analysis will contribute to the reflection of the consequences of developing a high level of stress. The type of sampling was simple random, where it was guaranteed that all sample elements have a priori the same probability of being selected to be part of the sample; the total population for the study corresponds to 245 teachers, performing the calculation of the sample a confidence level of 95% and a margin of error of 6% was obtained, obtaining a total of 128 teachers as a sample. The following results were obtained for each subscale: emotional exhaustion with 56%, physical exhaustion with 57% and psychological or mental exhaustion with 69%.

PREVALENCE OF BURNOUT SYNDROME IN HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA, AND ASIA FROM 2018 TO 2022

The article explores issues concerning prevalence of burnout syndrome in healthcare workers in North and South America, and Asia from 2018 to 2022. Thus for this purpose, a great number of scientific sources that are related to the topic of the research were examined.&#x0D; Healthcare professionals face a tremendous strain during the performing of their activities that often may lead to stress and burnout syndrome. In particular, duties of healthcare workers include high responsibility for life and health of a patient, self-discipline, urgent decision-making, empathy, high productivity during extreme conditions, constant psychological and intellectual tension.&#x0D; During the past 30+ years, burnout syndrome was studied by scientists, practitioners, and also by general public all around the world. It should be noted, that nowadays a lot of employees (in particular, healthcare workers) are faced with rapid changes in our modern working life, namely, time pressure, pressure of higher productivity/quality of work, need to learn new skills, increasing demands of adaptation to new types of work, hectic jobs, etc., that in result may cause burnout syndrome.&#x0D; Burnout syndrome of healthcare workers is usually associated with poor quality of medical care and may lead to medical errors, exhaustion, inefficiency, and conflicts. High levels of burnout syndrome among medical professionals of different countries around the world vary from 7,4% to 66%.&#x0D; The issues concerning prevalence of burnout syndrome in healthcare workers in North and South America, and Asia from 2018 to 2022 have not been sufficiently identified and also require more detailed research.&#x0D; Research of scientists that used the Maslach Burnout Inventory (hereinafter – the MBI), and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (hereinafter – the CBI) to research the burnout syndrome in healthcare workers of different specialties (including "Family Medicine") were included in this article.&#x0D; Based on the conducted research, the following conclusions can be reached: the research carried out to identify prevalence of burnout syndrome in healthcare workers in North and South America, and Asia from 2018 to 2022 found out the presence of burnout syndrome in healthcare workers ranging from 1,3% to 82,1%. Moreover, prevalence of burnout syndrome in healthcare workers in North and South America varied from 1,3% to 73,5%, whereas in Asia it varied from 5,2% to 82,1%. Factors that associated with burnout in healthcare workers in North and South America, and Asia were examined. The majority of scientific studies on the identification of the prevalence of burnout syndrome in healthcare workers from 2018 to 2022: a) in North and South America have been conducted in Canada, the United States of America, the Federative Republic of Brazil, and the Argentine Republic, etc., whereas b) in Asia have been conducted in China, Japan, India, Pakistan, Iran, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Oman, Cyprus, Israel, Jordan, and Kazakhstan, etc. Intensivists, physiatrists, resident physicians, oncologists, general surgeons, internal medicine physicians, and emergency medicine physicians are special categories of healthcare workers who are at a high risk of formation of burnout syndrome that may develop due to the specific of professional activity.

How nursing staffs deal with burnout syndrome through job satisfaction and self-efficacy: the fight or flight mechanism

Background. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the psyche nursing staff might suffer from burnout syndrome. This subsequently leads to decreased working performance which might compromise the quality of care. Nurses experience depersonalization. Objective. The study aimed to determine the effect of burnout syndrome on job satisfaction among nurses and how self-efficacy can solve the problem. Materials and Methods. Mix method study was conducted among 79 nurses from October 2021 until February 2022. The quantitative data were collected using the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire and Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire via proportional random sampling. The qualitative data were collected by thematic analysis to find out nurses’ self-efficacy during the pandemic. Results. The results of the Spearman rank test prove a significant value (p)=0.004 with coefficient correlation (r)=-0,315. It means that burnout syndrome can affect job satisfaction negatively. Nurses should be skillful at conducting nursing care according to their assigned duties (performance outcome). Improving communication ability, especially the ability to utilize the local language. Mastering international languages might also help to cope with the market’s demand in the future (verbal persuasion). Nurses should be careful in perceiving the faced situation (observational learning) and try to think positively (emotional arousal). Conclusion. The higher the level of job satisfaction, the lower the level of burnout syndrome. Therefore, nurses should improve their selfefficacy as they are the healthcare front liners during the pandemic. With better self-efficacy, the quality of care should improve as well.

Global prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome and temporal trends for the last 10 years: A meta-analysis of 94 studies covering over 30 countries.

To determine the global prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome and time trends for the last 10 years. The prevalence of burnout syndrome varied greatly in different regions in the last 10 years, so the average prevalence and time trends of nursing burnout syndrome for the last 10 years were not completely clear. A meta-analysis conducted in the PRISMA guidelines. CINAHL, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched for trials on the prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome from 2012 to 2022 systematically. Hoy's quality assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. The global prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome was estimated, and subgroup analysis was used to explore what caused heterogeneity. Time trends for the last 10 years were evaluated by meta-regression using Stata 11.0. Ninety-four studies reporting the prevalence of nursing burnout were included. The global prevalence of nursing burnout was 30.0% [95% CI: 26.0%-34.0%]. Subgroup analysis indicated that the specialty (p < .001) and the region (p < .001) and the year (p < .001) were sources of the high heterogeneity. Meta-regression indicated that it tended to increase gradually for the last 10 years (t = 3.71, p = .006). The trends increased in Europe (t = 4.23, p = .006), Africa (t = 3.75, p = .006) and obstetrics (t = 3.66, p = .015). However, no statistical significance was found in ICU (t = -.14, p = .893), oncology (t = -0.44, p = .691) and emergency department (t = -0.30, p = .783). A significant number of nurses were found to have moderate-high levels of burnout syndrome for the last 10 years. The meta-analysis also indicated an increased trend over time. Therefore, more attention to the prevalence of nursing burnout syndrome is urgently required. High prevalence of nursing burnout may attract more attention from the public. This analysis may serve as an impetus for relevant policy to change nurses' working conditions and reduce the occurrence of burnout.

Post-Pandemic Mental Health: Psychological Distress and Burnout Syndrome in Regular Basic Education Teachers

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of regular basic education teachers. Despite the fact that in recent months the number of infections has decreased significantly, the return to face-to-face classes is of great concern to teachers due to the adverse educational context they must face. In this sense, the objective of this study was to determine whether or not psychological distress is significantly related to burnout syndrome in regular basic education teachers upon their return to face-to-face classes. This research employed a quantitative approach, the design was non-experimental, and the type of study was descriptive–correlational and cross-sectional. In total, 184 teachers participated and responded using the Psychological Distress Scale and the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which are instruments with adequate psychometric properties. The results indicated that 40.7% of the teachers had a moderate level of psychological distress, and 45.1% also had a moderate level of burnout syndrome. Likewise, it was found that the Pearson’s r correlation coefficient between the variables psychological distress and burnout syndrome was 0.752, and the p-value was below the level of significance (p &lt; 0.05). It was concluded that there is a direct and significant relationship between psychological distress and burnout syndrome in regular basic education teachers upon their return to face-to-face classes. For this reason, it is suggested that the Ministry of Education should design policies that allow a reassessment of the work that teachers have been carrying out and that promote the implementation of preventive and corrective programs to improve their mental health.

Prevalence of burnout syndrome among veterinarians in Spain.

Burnout is a syndrome of emotional distress common in health-care professions. The aim of this study was to assess the potential levels of burnout syndrome among veterinarians in Spain as well as different factors involved in its prevalence. 282 Spanish veterinarians (57.4% women and 42.6% men). All data were obtained through an online survey. The instrument utilized for this purpose was the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (adapted to a Spanish-speaking population), with analyses performed using statistical software. Moreover, a sociodemographic questionnaire was utilized. Within the considered population, 23% suffered from burnout syndrome and the average scores were 29 points for emotional exhaustion, 14 points for depersonalization, and 35 points for personal accomplishment. A higher prevalence of burnout was associated with small animal clinicians (75.3%) and women (66.1%), in comparison to large animal clinicians (24.6%) and men (33.8%). This study showed for the first time that burnout syndrome is a current and highly relevant risk for Spanish veterinarians. The results obtained could help to raise awareness of this reality and the factors involved in the development or exacerbation of this syndrome.

High levels of burnout among health professionals treating COVID-19 patients in two Nile basin countries with limited resources

Burnout syndrome is a real cause for concern in African health facilities. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) burnout is considered a great public health problem and especially during pandemics as several physical and emotional stressors on this population can lead to increased burnout. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and associated factors of occupational burnout among HCPs working at COVID-19 isolation facilities in Egypt and Sudan. This is important to summarize lessons learned and inform relevant interventions for future pandemic responses. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among frontline HCPs from May 2021 to July 2021. An online, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Occupational burnout was estimated using the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. A total of 362 HCPs participated in the study and were equally recruited from Egypt (181) and Sudan (181) with a mean age of (31.84 ± 8.32) years. More than half of HCPs were females (60%) and physicians (58.3%). Most HCPs included in the study had high levels of work disengagement (75.4%) and emotional exhaustion (98.6%). Burnout syndrome was present in 75% of the HCPs with 77% among Egyptian HCPs and 71% among Sudanese HCPs. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of burnout, working hours per week were the parameters associated with burnout syndrome among Egyptian HCPs; while for Sudanese HCPs, these were age and number of days off. The study revealed a high level of burnout syndrome among HCPs working at COVID-19 isolation facilities in both Egypt and Sudan. Appropriate actions should be taken to preserve the mental health status of HCPs through the establishment of effective and efficient coping strategies.

Impact of Supervision on Burnout Syndrome in Workers of social and legal Protection of Children and social Guardianship

Objective: The aim of this research is to compare the level of burnout in workers of social and legal protection of children and social guardianship with regard to their perception of supervision effectiveness. Design: Comparative and quantitative research. Participants: The sample consisted of 317 workers of the social and legal protection of children and social guardianship departments. Methods: The level of burnout syndrome was determined and subsequent comparison was carried out using the MBI questionnaire by Christina Maslach &amp; Susan E. Jackson. Results: The results of the research confirmed that workers of the social and legal protection of children and social guardianship who consider supervision to be effective show a lower level of depersonalization than workers of the social and legal protection of children and social guardianship who consider supervision to be ineffective. It has also been confirmed that workers of the social and legal protection of children and social guardianship who consider supervision to be effective report higher levels of personal satisfaction than workers of the social and legal protection of children and social guardianship who consider supervision to be ineffective. Conclusion: The results of the research point to the importance of effective supervision, which has a significant impact on the level of burnout syndrome among workers of the social and legal protection of children and social guardianship

Burnout Syndrome Associated with Nurses' Quality of Life During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Background: COVID-19 cases that occur in Indonesia are accompanied by high mortality, which leads nurses as one of the frontlines to experience burnout syndrome and have an impact on reducing the quality of life of nurses. This study aimed to determine the relationship between burnout syndrome and the quality of life of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study was correlational with a cross-sectional approach. The population was 269 nurses working in health services in East Java and was obtained by incidental sampling. The quality of life of nurses was measured by the Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF 36), which consisted of 36 question items, while the level of burnout syndrome was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey, which consisted of 22 questions. Results: All nurses had experienced burnout syndrome in varying degrees. The nurse burnout rate was generally low at 163 (60.6%), and the quality of life of nurses was typically good at 252 (97.3%) and a small percentage at 17 (6.3%). The spearman rho p-value analysis &lt;0.05 showed a significant relationship between burnout syndrome and nurses' quality of life. Conclusion: Life balance allows nurses to be able to balance work and can improve the quality of life. Nurses can use a variety of methods to cope with burnout syndrome and improve their quality of life.

Emergency units and COVID-19: Burnout, and empathy reported by nursing professionals and perceived by patients.

To investigate Burnout Syndrome and empathy self-reported by the nursing staff and empathy perceived by the patient. Cross-sectional study in a public emergency unit in São Paulo (from October/2020 to March/2021). The nursing staff answered the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure-Nurses (Brazilian version), whereas adult patients answered the Consultation and Relational Empathy Measure (Brazilian version). Descriptive and inferential analysis, with a 5% significance level. A total of 92 professionals and 271 patients participated. Most professionals reported impact of COVID-19 (80; 86.96%) and, among them, increased Burnout Syndrome (93; 75%), but with low emotional exhaustion (71; 74%), low depersonalization (59; 78%) and high level of professional accomplishment (72; 83%). Most reported impact and increased empathy, and the results reported by professionals and patients (mean and standard deviation) were: 39.89 (6.44) and 38.25 (9.45), respectively. The professionals reported a low level of Burnout Syndrome and a high level of empathy in pandemic.

Association between occupational stress, markers of inflammation, and oxidative stress in intensive care unit workers: a cross-sectional study.

Health care workers in intensive care units have a high propensity to develop burnout syndrome. To evaluate the relationship between occupational stress and markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in health care workers in intensive care units. The sample consisted of 133 intensivists from the city of Colatina, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The Maslach Inventory Burnout Survey was used to assess burnout syndrome. Oxidative stress was measured in proteins and lipids, and cytokine levels were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The highest levels of burnout syndrome (emotional exhaustion dimension) were found in nurses and physical therapists and showed greater changes in markers of protein damage and inflammation. On the emotional exhaustion dimension, it was higher among professionals who consumed some type of alcoholic beverage and some type of stimulant, whether caffeine, tea, or soft drinks, at least twice a week. There was a positive relationship between the development of burnout syndrome, specifically in the dimension of low personal involvement at work, and oxidative damage in lipids (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances). There is evidence of relationship between occupational stress and oxidative stress in professionals with low personal involvement in their work.

Relação entre resiliência, autoestima e burnout em estudantes de Medicina durante a pandemia de Covid-19

Abstract: Introduction: In Brazil, the lack of studies evaluating self-esteem in medical students is evident. In the academic field, it is known that individuals with high self-esteem and resilience are more likely to be successful. In previous studies, resilience was negatively associated with anxiety and Burnout Syndrome (BS). The BS has become a public health problem due to its increased incidence, especially among medical professionals during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, making it essential to expand and develop this issue. Objectives: To evaluate the level of self-esteem in medical students and its association with the degree of resilience and burnout during the pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted with medical students from the first to the eighth semesters at Centro Universitário Christus in Fortaleza - CE, Brazil. The students answered three surveys: in the beginning of the semester, at the midterms and during finals. We applied the Maslach Burnout Inventory, Wagnild and Young’s resilience scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: Students with higher levels of emotional exhaustion showed less professional efficiency (P &lt; 0.001). Disbelief and professional efficiency are inversely related (P &lt; 0.001). There was no significant variation in the prevalence of burnout throughout the semester (P = 0.593). However, this prevalence has been high since the first period of the study. Additionally, the higher the resilience, the higher the self-esteem (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Medical students show elevated levels of BS. There was no statistically significant variation in burnout, resilience, and self-esteem throughout the semester. Therefore, further studies are necessary to analyze these variables.

Comparison of the burnout among medical residents before and during the pandemic

ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the level of burnout syndrome in medical residents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify potential risk factors. MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on medical residents from three different university hospitals in Turkey in March 2021, one year after the pandemic hit Turkey. Burnout is measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory which assesses three dimensions of it: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Collected data were combined and compared with data from a previous study which was held in the same hospitals in December 2019, three months before the pandemic. Results412 medical residents from three universities participated. The mean age was 27.8 ± 2.4 and half of them were female. Compared to pre-pandemic levels, no significant differences in emotional exhaustion (pre:19.0 ± 7.6 post:18.8 ± 7.8), depersonalization (pre:7.3 ± 4.3 post:7.2 ± 4.4), and personal accomplishment (pre:20.8 ± 5.1 post:21.1 ± 5) scores were observed one year after pandemic. Adjusting for confounders, multiple linear regression models indicated that who are female, are in surgical specialty, have vulnerable cohabitant, and have more night shifts faces higher emotional exhaustion. Depersonalisation is higher among who spent more years in residency, have more night shifts, or COVID-19 outpatient duty. Females and those who have vulnerable cohabitant has lower levels of Personal Achievement. ConclusionThis study does not support the hypothesis that pandemic increases the burnout levels. Yet it identifies a couple of pandemic related factors that are associated with burnout and confirming the association of several previously known factors.