Anxiety Levels In Patients Research Articles

Long-term health-related quality of life and mental health in patients with immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a rare and potentially life-threatening disorder. Treatment advances have lowered morbidity rates, but past acute events can still cause long-term consequences, reducing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and determining cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depression. We aimed to investigate these aspects and the role of caplacizumab and rituximab: 39 patients were evaluated using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), the FACIT-Fatigue, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Functional Assessment in Cancer Therapy-Cognitive Function questionnaires. The median age at study inclusion was 50 years (IQR 38–60), and the median follow-up from diagnosis was 97 months (IQR 14–182); 82% of patients were female, and 36% had one or more recurrences. Caplacizumab was administered in 16 patients (41%), as well as rituximab. ITTP patients reported lower physical and mental HRQoL scores than the general population. No differences in physical or mental domains were observed between patients treated or not with caplacizumab, while those who received rituximab reported lower scores in mental health. Neurological impairment at diagnosis correlated with worse fatigue. The majority of patients (72%) reported anxiety or depression (82%). ITTP had a significant impact on the long-term cognitive function, fatigue, depression, and anxiety levels of patients, with a negative effect on their HRQoL. Our findings underscore the need to pay special attention to patients’ long-term physical and mental health, regardless of the medical treatments received.

Inflammatory markers changes following acceptance-based behavioral psychotherapy in generalized anxiety disorder patients: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial

IntroductionGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) has been associated with elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and proinflammatory cytokines. Despite robust evidence as an effective treatment for GAD, research on the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) in the inflammatory profile of patients with clinical anxiety has presented mixed results. ObjectiveThe present study aimed to investigate the effect of an acceptance-based behavior therapy (ABBT) on inflammatory biomarkers and their association with anxiety levels in GAD patients in comparison to supportive therapy as an active control. MethodsPeripheral inflammatory biomarkers (CRP, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α) were measured in 77 GAD patients who participated in a 14-week 10-session randomized clinical trial of group ABBT (experimental, n = 37) or supportive group therapy (ST: active control group, n = 40). ResultsThe concentrations of IL-1β decreased in the control group and the concentrations of IL-6 increased in the experimental group from baseline to post-treatment, whereas no difference was identified in IL-4, IL-10, TNF, or CRP. Although anxiety and depression levels decreased in both treatment conditions, no correlation with inflammation markers was found for most clinical and biological variables. A negative correlation between changes in IL-6 and IL-10 and anxiety symptom score changes was identified. ConclusionsThe present study results found that a short trial of acceptance-based behavior therapy did not change the proinflammatory profile which may be associated with GAD. Additional research is needed to evaluate the influence of other inflammation-related variables, longer periods of follow-up as well as the effect of supportive therapy on peripheral inflammatory biomarkers in GAD patients.

The effect of hope intervention on the anxiety, hope and symptom levels of patients in palliative care: A pilot randomized controlled trial

Background: One of the main aims of palliative care is the management of symptoms that disturb the person. There are very limited studies to determine the increase of hope through hope intervention and its effect on symptom levels.Objective: This study has been carried out to determine the effect of hope intervention on anxiety, hope, and symptom levels of patients under palliative care.Method: This research is a randomized controlled intervention study. The sample of the study consisted of 42 patients who were treated as inpatients in a palliative care center in Turkey. A "hope intervention program" (three consecutive days, three sessions) was implemented on the intervention group. Measurement tools were applied three times before the intervention, on the 8th day and on the 15th day after the intervention. The research data were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Herth Hope Index, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, and the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale. The data were analyzed in the SPSS 25.0 program using independent sample t-tests, ANOVA in repeated measurements, Bonferroni Post-Hoc tests, chi-square tests, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis.Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the Herth Hope Index scores of the intervention group on the 8th and 15th day after intervention (p<.05), and patients in the control group had a higher hope level. A statistically significant difference was found between the anxiety score measurements of the patients in the intervention group before intervention, on the 8th day and 15th day (p<.05), however, no statistically significant difference was found between the anxiety scores of the intervention and control groups. No statistically significant difference was found between symptoms of nausea, anxiety, insomnia, and shortness of breath between the intervention and control groups.Conclusion: Hope intervention increased the hope status of patients receiving palliative care and reduced the level of anxiety. In palliative care, it is recommended to use hope intervention programs that support and contribute to the maintenance of hope.

The Anxiety Burden in Patients with Chronic Intestinal Failure on Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition and in Their Caregivers.

Background and aims: Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is a life-saving treatment for patients affected by chronic intestinal failure (CIF). Both this clinical condition and its therapy require radical lifestyle modifications, affecting life quality and psychological balance in patients as well as family members. Patient psychological burden has rarely been taken into consideration, not to mention that of caregivers. This study aims to evaluate the levels of anxiety in CIF patients on HPN, and their caregivers, consequently determining their impact on the psychological and physical aspects. Methods: After a brief introductory interview, adult patients on HPN for CIF and their caregivers were asked to fill in the HAMA-A questionnaire. Results: Fifty patients and their respective caregivers were enrolled. Mean HAMA-A scores were similar in patients and caregivers and testified the presence of a mild to severe impact of CIF and HPN in both groups, with a significantly higher impact on female patients and caregivers. After adjusting age, education level, duration of CIF and HPN dependence, and degree of kinship, no differences were revealed in the scores. Conclusions: The study confirms that CIF patients on HPN and their caregivers have a significant anxiety burden independently from the duration of the disease, therefore needing appropriate support.

Anxiety characteristics in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: first vs. recurrent episodes

PurposeTo assess the difference in state and trait anxiety levels in patients with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) at the first episode (FE) versus recurrent episodes (RE), before and after vestibular physiotherapy. A secondary objective was to assess the difference in the prevalence of underlying health conditions between FE and RE BPPV patients.MethodsFifty-five patients with BPPV, aged 40–70, were recruited. The diagnosis of BPPV was confirmed based on subjective complaints of vertigo and positive results from the Dix–Hallpike and Supine Roll tests. Twenty-four patients were in their FE, and 31 had RE. All patients completed the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire three times; before, immediately after, and a week after vestibular physiotherapy treatment.ResultsThe RE group demonstrated higher trait anxiety than the FE group in all testing points: before treatment (median value of 38 versus 29, p-value = 0.02), immediately after treatment (median value of 36 versus 28, p-value < 0.01) and a week later (median value of 38 versus 28, p-value < 0.01). State anxiety decreased immediately after treatment in both groups, but at the second session, it was significantly higher in the RE than in the FE group (median value of 38 versus 28.5, p-value = 0.03). Hypothyroidism was significantly more frequent in the RE group (RE 16%, FE 0%, p-value = 0.04).ConclusionsBased on the current study’s findings, we recommend assessing anxiety levels in patients with recurrent BPPV and consider referring them for appropriate treatment when necessary.

Anxiety level of Iranian patients with psychiatric disorders and related factors: A cross-sectional study

Patients at psychiatric facilities may experience anxiety for a variety of reasons. Long-term anxiety that is not treated can lead to chronic problems like headaches, insomnia, depression, muscle tension, suicidal thoughts, and chronic pain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between anxiety levels and anxiety-inducing factors in patients hospitalized in psychiatric wards. Using SPSS software version 26, an independent t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. The traditional "Kessler's anxiety" questionnaire and the "researcher-made" questionnaire, as well as the random sampling methodology, are the foundations of this study. A significant association exists between patients’ anxiety and the lack of personal freedoms following hospitalization and the marital status of the nurses (P&lt;0.05). The findings of this study indicate that some of the elements under investigation contribute to patients' anxiety while others have no bearing on it. To fully understand the causes of anxiety in patients being treated in psychiatric hospitals, more research is required.

Efficacy and safety of music therapy for the treatment of anxiety and delirium in ICU patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

The medical application of music therapy (MT) has received widespread attention in recent years and some researchers have attempted to apply MT to the treatment of patients with anxiety and delirium in ICU. Relevant randomized controlled trials (randomized controlled trials s) were searched in databases, such as Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Medline, Scopus, and CINAHL. Researchers performed literature screening, data extraction, literature quality assessment, and heterogeneity analysis among RCTs. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. In general, we included RCTs with low risk of bias, and the primary outcome indicators, including the Chinese version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (C-STAI), Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety Measurement (VAS-A), and Facial Anxiety Scale (FAS), with a recommended level of evidence of "strong". The pooled results indicated that MT was effective in alleviating the anxiety state of ICU patients (95% CI, SMD=-1.09 [-1.52, -0.67], P<0.05) and could reduce mental and physical fatigue in patients with anxious delirium in ICU (95% CI, WMD=-2.35 [-3.37, -1.33], P <0.05). There were significant differences in the therapeutic effects of MT with different intervention durations. Both 15-minute and 30-minute MT were effective in reducing anxiety levels in patients with anxiety disorders in the ICU (15min: 95%CI, SMD=-1.70[-2.15, -1.24], P<0.05; 30min: 95%CI, SMD=-0.73[-1.16, - 0.29], P<0.05). However, when the duration of MT exceeded 45 min, the overtreatment of MT instead interfered with patient rest and failed to produce a positive therapeutic effect (95% CI, SMD=-1.04 [-3.06, 0.97], P=0.31). In addition, a meta-analysis of physiological outcomes found that MT was effective in maintaining the stabilization of heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in ICU patients with anxiety (P<0.05), but did not affect patients' oxygen saturation, mean arterial pressure and diastolic blood pressure (P>0.05). No adverse events occurred during MT treatment in the reports of included 14 studies. MT can safely and effectively reduce the anxiety level of patients with anxiety and delirium in ICU and relieve their psychological and physical fatigue. And MT was able to maintain the stability of HR, RR, and SBP in ICU patients.

The Effect of Listening to Pachelbel’s Canon in D Major on Anxiety Level during Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Pilot Study

Abstract Objective: Many patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) feel anxious during the pulmonary rehabilitation process. How to reduce the anxious level in patients with COPD is a worthy issue for mental health. Johann Pachelbel’s Canon is a commonly used musical material in clinical practice. In this pilot study, we intended to investigate the effectiveness of using Pachelbel’s Canon in D major as a music therapy to reduce anxiety levels in patients receiving pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Fifty patients with COPD receiving pulmonary rehabilitation from a hospital in New Taipei City. They were randomly assigned in blocks for two groups, control group in a quiet environment, and experimental group listened to the Pachelbel’s canon in D major. Results: A significant difference in the anxiety score during pulmonary rehabilitation between the experimental group and the control group was found through an independent sample t-test in this study (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Listening to the music of Pachelbel’s canon in D Major decreased the anxiety level of patients with COPD during pulmonary rehabilitation.

Neurofeedback treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in adults

IntroductionAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopment disorders in the world. Clinical guidelines for ADHD recommend multimodal treatment approaches, with current evidence suggesting that medication, including methylphenidate and various amphetamine formulations, in conjunction with psychosocial treatment are most effective in the short-term and long term. Over the last decade, an increasing number of studies investigating non-pharmacological treatments have been published, such as cognitive therapy, Neurofeedback (NF), Transcranial direct current stimulation with the aim of treating ADHD patients.ObjectivesWe comprehensively reviewed literature searching for studies on the effectiveness and specificity of NF for the treatment of ADHD. The aim of this review is to understand if there is scientific evidence in using of electroencephalogram (EEG)-Neurofeedback for treating patients with ADHD.Methods We did a non systemathic review using pubmed and google schoolar databases in order to analyze the influence and effects of therapy in patients diagnosed with ADHD and under treatment based on EEG Neurofeedback. We analyzed 18 systhematic reviews and metha-analysis and 2 case control studies.Results Accourding to the systhematic reviews results showed positive and significant effects in the visual memory, attention and visual recognition (spatial working memory). EEG also showed improvement in upper alpha activity in a resting state (open-eyed) measured from the occipital area, which similarly indicated improvement in the cognitive domain (attention). Compared to non-active control treatments, NF appears to have more durable treatment effects, for at least 6 months following treatment.Conclusions In conclusion, it is possible to affirm that a neuromodulating effect of the therapy positively influences cognitive processes, mood, and anxiety levels in patients with ADHD and is associated with significant long-term reduction in symptoms. Though limitations exist regarding conclusions about the specific effects of NF, the review documents improvements in school, social, and family environments. However, future efforts should focus on implementing standard neurofeedback protocols, ensuring learning, and optimizing clinically relevant transfer and more studies are needed for a properly powered comparison of follow-up effects between NF and active treatments and to further control for non-specific effects.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Effectiveness of aromatherapy with lavender compared to progressive muscle relaxation on anxiety and vital signs in patients under spinal anesthesia: A randomized clinical trial

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of aromatherapy with lavender essential oil compared to progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) on anxiety and vital signs of patients under spinal anesthesia. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 120 spinal anesthesia candidates who were randomly assigned into three groups of 40 including control, PMR (Jacobsen group), and aromatherapy. The state-trait anxiety inventory was completed on surgery day and 15 min after the end of the intervention by the samples of all three groups, and at the same time as completing the questionnaire, vital signs were also measured and recorded. Results: The mean score of anxiety after intervention was lower than that before the intervention in the aromatherapy group (P &lt; 0.001). The mean score of anxiety in the aromatherapy group was significantly lower than that in the Jacobsen group (P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, data analysis showed a significant decrease in the mean arterial blood pressure scores of the PMR (P = 008) and aromatherapy (P &lt; 0.001) groups and a statistically significant increase in the mean heart rate scores in the control group (P = 0.002). Conclusion: The use of aromatherapy with lavender is more effective than PMR therapy in reducing the anxiety level of patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. Due to the high level of anxiety and its serious effects on the patient’s hemodynamics, aromatherapy with lavender can be used as an easy and cheap method to reduce anxiety in operation rooms.

Effect Of Providing Deep Breathing Relaxation Technique In Reducing Anxiety Levels In Section Caesarean Surgery Patients At RSIA Pasutri Bogor

Background: In patients who will perform sectio caesarea surgery in general feel feelings of excessive anxiety due to worry in the process of surgery, and fear of the equipment used in the operating room. Objective: This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques in reducing the anxiety level of sectio caesarea surgery patients in the Operating Room of RSIA Pasutri Bogor. Method: This study used a quasy experimental research design with One Group pre test - post test. The population in the study was 55 mothers who performed sectio caesarea surgery in the operating room of RSIA Pasutri Bogor. The sample technique used in this study was purposive sampling. Results: From the results of the analysis in this study using the Wilcoxon signed test obtained p value = 0.000 (α &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: So it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of providing deep breathing relaxation techniques in reducing the anxiety level of sectio caesarea surgery patients at RSIA Pasutri Bogor. Suggestion: Conduct more studies and the application of deep breathing relaxation techniques in reducing anxiety levels in cesarean section surgery patients.

Pandemi Sürecinde Günübirlik Cerrahi Geçiren Hastaların Preoperatif Anksiyete Düzeyle-rinin Değerlendirilmesi

Giriş: Bulaşıcı hastalıklar insanlar için önemli bir endişe kaynağı olup COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde hastane ortamında bulunmanın da ayrı bir stresör olduğu aşikardır. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, pandemi sürecinde günübirlik cerrahi geçiren hastaların preoperatif anksiyete düzeylerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve yöntemler: Kesitsel tipteki çalışma, günübirlik cerrahi için hastaneye başvuran 310 hastayı içermektedir. Veriler, olgu rapor formu ve Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği (STAI I-II) aracılığı ile toplandı. Verilerin analizi IBM SPSS istatistik 25.0 paket programı ile yapıldı. Normallik dağılımı Shapiro-Wilks testi ile incelendi. Normal dağılım gösteren değişkenlerin analizinde parametrik ve normal dağılım göstermeyen verilerin analizinde nonparametrik testler uygulandı. Değişkenler arası ilişkiler Pearson korelasyon testi ve çoklu doğrusal regresyon modeli ile araştırıldı. Bulgular için kabul edilen anlamlılık düzeyi α&amp;lt;0.05’tir. Bulgular: Araştırma grubunun yaş ortalamasının 46.61±11.98 olduğu, %58.4’ünün kadın olduğu, %59.7’sinin ilköğretim mezunu olduğu ve %44.2’sinin en az bir kronik hastalığı bulunduğu belirlendi. Katılımcıların %21.6’sı COVID-19 hastalığı geçirmiştir. Günübirlik cerrahi girişimler sırasında katılımcıların %75.5’ine lokal anestezi uygulanmış, %25.2’si kadın doğum kliniğine başvurmuştur. Durumluk Kaygı ölçeği puan ortalaması 46.25±11.37 olup %61.3’ünün orta düzeyde kaygısı bulunmaktadır. Sürekli Kaygı ölçeği puan ortalaması 45.68± 8.59 olup %69.4’ünün orta düzeyde kaygısı bulunmaktadır. Durumluk kaygı düzeyi arttıkça sürekli kaygı düzeyi de artmaktadır (p&amp;lt;0.05). Durumluk kaygı düzeyi; yaş, eğitim durumu, çocuk sahibi olma, kronik hastalığı olma, hipertansiyon varlığı, COVID-19 tanısı alma ve pandemi sürecinde bir işte çalışma durumlarından etkilenmektedir (p&amp;lt;0.05). Sürekli kaygı düzeyi; eğitim durumu, COVID-19 tanısı alma, pandemi sürecinde bir işte çalışma ve cerrahi girişim sırasında uygulanan anestezi tipinden etkilenmektedir (p&amp;lt;0.05). Sonuç ve öneriler: Pandemi sürecinde günübirlik cerrahi uygulanan hastaların anksiyetesinin orta düzeyde olduğu belirlendi. Eğitim durumu, COVID-19 tanısı alma ve pandemi sürecinde bir işte çalışma durumları hem durumluk hem de sürekli kaygı düzeyini etkilemektedir. Durumluk kaygı düzeyi arttıkça sürekli kaygı düzeyi de artmaktadır. İnsanların pandemi ile nasıl başa çıktıklarını ve pandemi sırasında hangi psikososyal desteklere ihtiyaç duyduklarını anlamak için nitel araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Veriler gelecekteki pandemi yönetimi için çok önemlidir.

Assessment of mental health and impact of patient counselling on quality of life of dialysis patients

Chronic renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis may face several problems that increase their chance of developing psychological suffering as hemodialysis is a time-consuming process. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of psychiatric illness and to evaluate the impact of patient counselling on the quality of life. A total of 135 patients undergoing hemodialysis for more than 3 months were enrolled in the study. Patients who were exposed to hospitalization, recent trauma, or major surgeries, and who were on antipsychotic drugs before onset of renal disease were excluded. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale was used to assess the prevalence and level of depression, anxiety, and stress in hemodialysis patients. From the study population, 62.9% of patients had depression, 39.2% had stress, and 22.2% had anxiety. The patients with depression, anxiety, and stress had worse scores on all domains of the QoL questionnaire. Depression, anxiety, and stress were negatively correlated with quality of life.

Patient Anxiety in Endoscopy: A Comparative Analysis of Single vs. Dual Procedure Effects.

This study aimed to investigate the difference in anxiety levels between patients undergoing gastroscopy only and those subjected to both gastroscopy and colonoscopy. Despite known preoperative anxiety impacts, no prior research has compared these specific patient groups. A total of 150 patients were divided equally into two groups: Group I, undergoing gastroscopy only, and Group II, undergoing gastroscopy and colonoscopy. Inclusion criteria were patients in the age range 18-70 years and having an ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) physical status classification of I-III. Exclusion criteria were patients outside the age range, and patients with hearing disorders, psychiatric disorders, dementia, or recent anxiolytic drug use. Anxiety was analysed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory Scale before procedures, without any premedication. Patients in Group II had significantly higher anxiety levels, with particular increases noted in symptoms such as leg weakness and tremors, inability to relax, and fears of adverse events and death. These results highlighted a considerable elevation in anxiety among patients anticipating or undergoing combined endoscopic procedures. The findings revealed that undergoing combined gastroscopy and colonoscopy procedures significantly elevated patient anxiety levels compared to gastroscopy alone. This suggests a critical need for healthcare providers to implement more strong preoperative counselling and anxiety reduction strategies for patients facing multiple procedures. Addressing this increased anxiety could lead to better patient experiences, reduced procedural complications, and improved satisfaction and outcomes.

Factors Influencing Anxiety Levels in Oncology Patients: A Study on the Impact of Earthquakes.

This study aims to explore the multifaceted factors influencing anxiety levels in oncology patients, with a specific focus on the impact of earthquakes in the context of Turkey. Our objective is to identify and understand sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle determinants associated with anxiety in cancer patients, examining how traumatic events, such as earthquakes, contribute to heightened anxiety levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 149 oncology patients undergoing treatment at two prominent oncology centers in Turkey. The study collected comprehensive sociodemographic information and assessed anxiety levels using the Beck Anxiety Scale. The dataset was analyzed using SPSS 20.0(IBM Corp., Armonk, NY), employing a range of statistical methods including descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Chi-square tests. The findings underscore several factors significantly linked to anxiety levels in oncology patients. Notably, women, younger patients (age <65), and individuals with specific cancer types exhibited higher anxiety levels. Elevated anxiety was also associated with compromised physical functioning, experiences of earthquakes, irregular sleep patterns, dietary habits, fatigue, and the use of antidepressants. This study provides insights into the intricate interplay of factors influencing anxiety levels in oncology patients. Understanding these determinants is paramount for tailoring effective psychosocial support and interventions. The results underscore the need for holistic approaches to enhance the overall quality of life for cancer patients. Gender, age, cancer type, physical well-being, lifestyle choices, and exposure to trauma all play pivotal roles in influencing anxiety levels. These findings hold practical implications for the development and implementation of targeted psychosocial interventions aimed at improving anxiety management and overall well-being for oncology patients.

Impact of Emergency Situations on the Level of Fear and Anxiety in Oncology Patients During Radiotherapy in a Developing Country.

To analyze the level of fear and anxiety related to radiotherapy in oncology patients treated before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to examine whether the advancement of radiotherapy centers leads to any reduction in the patient's fear in emergency situations. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted in two time frames (2016 and 2022)based on the analysis of the intensity of anxiety and fear of radiotherapy in oncology patientswith assistance. A questionnaire for assessing fear of radiotherapy in oncology patients and Zung's and Beck's self-reported anxiety scales were used.The first part of the research integrated all data of research interest obtained from patients treated with radiotherapy during 2016, and the second cross-sectional study included all patients treated in 2022during the COVID-19 pandemic.The study was prepared according to the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) checklist. The first cross-sectional studyhad 154 participants who had been treated with radiotherapy, while in the second study, there were 159 patients.Patients treated in 2022 show significantly higher levels of fear and anxiety.External beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy simultaneously used in both studies increased the level of fear and anxiety. The conducted research showed exceptional differences in the intensity of fear and anxiety in patients treated with radiotherapy in different health situations, as was the case during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a significant impact on the stability of the health system and the challenges to providing standard services.

Effects of a One-Day Experiential Sheep-Rearing Experience on Motivation, Anxiety, and Frontal Lobe Brain Activity in Patients with Chronic Psychiatric Disorders: A Crossover Pilot Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a one-day sheep-rearing experience on motivation and anxiety levels in patients with chronic mental illness. The study assessed changes in oxytocin and cortisol levels and brain activity in the prefrontal cortex, which is known to be associated with emotion and motivation. The study employed a non-randomized controlled trial design, with participants receiving both an intervention day (sheep rearing) and a control day (usual psychiatric day care) in a crossover fashion. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The intervention day consisted of hands-on sheep rearing activities, while the control day consisted of general activities available at the psychiatric day care center. Results showed that the sheep-raising experience had an equal effect on motivation and increased mean oxytocin levels. In addition, significantly more activity was observed in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) region of the brain compared to typical psychiatric daycare activities (p &lt; 0.032, p &lt; 0.043). Participants tended to have increased oxytocin levels after sheep rearing, and the activation of the DLPFC has not previously been observed in animal intervention studies. These are new findings in psychiatric occupational therapy that may have effects on social cognition and interpersonal relationships in patients with chronic mental illness.

Application of Benson Relaxation Therapy Combined with Spiritual Therapy to Reduce Anxiety in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a failure of kidney function to maintain metabolism and fluid and electronic balance due to progressive kidney structural damage. Hemodialysis is a replacement therapy for damaged kidney performance, if hemodialysis is carried out for a long time it can cause disturbances in the biological aspects and psychological aspects for hemodialysis patients. One of the effects that is often experienced in hemodialysis patients is anxiety. The research objective was to determine the application of spiritual-based benson relaxation therapy to anxiety levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Method:Quasy-Experimental research design with one group pre post test design. Population of all CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. The large number of samples of 20 intervention respondents. The sampling technique was purposive sampling by taking samples according to the inclusion criteria. The research intervention that was carried out was benson relaxation therapy which was carried out in CKD patients who routinely had hemodialysis for more than 6 months with a frequency of 2 times a week for 10-15 minutes with guidance from a clergyman and repeated until the patient could be independent. The research instrument for measuring anxiety used HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) and the respondent's intervention used Benson relaxation SOP and spiritual healing SOP (spiritual guidance). Test analysis in this study was paired t test. Results: the results of the research based on the intervention carried out obtained the anxiety score before the intervention from 20 respondents, the majority on the score of severe anxiety (28-41) which is as much as 70% then followed by moderate anxiety (21-27) which is as much as 30%. Anxiety scores after the intervention of 20 respondents, the majority on mild anxiety scores (14-20) which is as much as 70% then followed by moderate anxiety (21-27) which is as many as 20% and the minority in non-anxious conditions (&lt;14) which is as many as 10% . From the results of the analysis using the paired t test, the results obtained were a p value of 0.001, with α = 0.05 so that the p value &lt;α (0.001 &lt;0.05). meaning that there is a difference between the pre and post tests on the level of anxiety with the spiritual-based benson relaxation therapy intervention in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Conclusion: Based on the discussion that we have conveyed, it can be concluded that benson relaxation and spiritual healing can reduce anxiety in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Influence of experiencing SARS-CoV-2 infection on anxiety levels in Chinese patients undergoing third molar surgery.

In China, most of the citizens experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection since the end of 2022. The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected people's physical health and also had a significant impact on mental well-being. The present study aims to discover if the experience of SARS-CoV-2 infection influences patients' anxiety toward third molar surgery in the Chinese population. The present study took the form of a questionnaire survey. From January 1, 2023, to June 30, 2023, patients who went to the Stomatology Center of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Beijing, China) for the third molar extraction were included according to the inclusion criteria. The information on COVID-19 infection and the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) was collected. The software SPSS 22.0 was used for the statistical analyses. A total of 574 survey results were harvested in the present study. The infection rate of COVID-19 was 86.6% (p > 0.05). The Average MDAS scores between patients who had been infected with COVID-19 and patients who were never infected were not significantly different (11.65 ± 4.41 vs. 11.42 ± 4.41, p > 0.05). The subgroup analysis was conducted according to the length of time after the recovery of COVID-19 (Model 1), and the highest temperature during the infection (Model 2). In Model 1 and Model 2, the one-way ANOVA test did not find statistical significance between the groups (Model 1 p = 0.114; Model 2 p = 0.481). The MDAS scores in female patients were significantly higher than in male patients (12.29 ± 4.53 vs. 9.91 ± 3.80, p < 0.001). Patients who extracted double teeth got significantly higher MDAS scores than those who extracted single teeth before the surgery (12.03 ± 4.74 vs. 11.24 ± 4.18, p = 0.037). The present study did not establish a significant impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the anxiety levels associated with third molar surgery among Chinese patients. The potential long-term biopsychological effects of the virus warrant further investigation.

Analysis of neuropsychological and laboratory parameters in patients with cerebrovascular disease and SARS-CoV-2 compared to those without SARS-CoV-2

Background. Severe acute respiratory syndrome сoronavіrus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, formerly known as 2019-nCoV) is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and was first reported in Wuhan, China. However, it is also contagious to humans and spreads rapidly around the world through close contact between infected people or through a relatively simple transmission mechanism (airborne transmission). COVID-19 is known to affect almost all systems of the human body. Initial reports suggest that hypertension may be a risk factor for susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, a more severe course of COVID-19, and increased mortality associated with COVID-19. It is estimated that 1–3 % of COVID-19 patients experience transient ischemic attacks with a frequency similar to other coronavirus infections (SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV). The cause of ischemic stroke associated with COVID-19 is unknown, but previous studies have suggested that an inflammatory cytokine storm may cause hypercoagulation and endothelial damage. We see that COVID-19 is closely related to neurological complications because there are potential factors that can cause them. Materials and methods. Cerebrovascular diseases were analyzed in 111 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 (n = 71) and those without a history of SARS-CoV-2 (n = 40). The subject of the study was neuropsychological and laboratory indicators. The following methods were used: psychometric — Beck Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Fatigue Assessment Scale; neuropsychological — Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Frontal Assessment Battery; clinical — neurological status; polymerase chain reaction to detect COVID-19 RNA; statistical methods. Results. In patients who suffered transient ischemic attack and ischemic stroke with a minimal neurological deficit and COVID-19, there were elevations in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocytes, segmented neutrophils, while an increase in C-reactive protein was noted in all participants with cerebrovascular disease and COVID-19, with more significant levels among those with ischemic stroke. All subgroups with COVID-19 showed an increase in D-dimer and fibrinogen with higher content in patients after ischemic stroke. Also in this subgroup, the procalcitonin index exceeded the norm, which indicates the severity of the course of COVID-19 with the addition of co-infection. Data of neuropsychological tests in patients with ischemic stroke with a minimal neurological deficit with SARS-CoV-2 revealed a decrease in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, indicating mild cognitive changes in these patients. The level of anxiety in patients with hypertension with frequent crises and ischemic stroke with a minimal neurological deficit was above the reference values, with a slight predominance in patients who did not have COVID-19. It follows that both laboratory and neuropsychological parameters differed in three subgroups depending on cerebrovascular disease, as well as the presence and absence of SARS-CoV-2, which makes it possible to develop more appropriate diagnostic methods in order to predict the course and outcome of COVID-19.