Leptonic Branching Ratios Research Articles

Leptonic and semileptonic decays of mesons in the domain model of the QCD vacuum

The leptonic and semileptonic decays of mesons are investigated within the domain model of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) vacuum and hadronization. The domain model is the mean-field approach based on the statistical ensemble of almost everywhere homogeneous Abelian (anti-)self-dual gluon fields which reproduces main features of low-energy QCD and allows one to deduce a nonlocal effective meson action. Using this meson action, the leptonic decay constants, form factors and branching ratios of semileptonic decays are evaluated simultaneously with masses of mesons. The results are compared to experimental data or other approaches. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Exploring strange origin of Dirac neutrino masses at hadron colliders

We consider the possibility that Dirac neutrino masses may be a manifestation of chiral symmetry breaking via nonperturbative QCD dynamics. The key role played by light quarks in this mechanism can naturally lead to signals that are accessible to hadron colliders. Bounds from charged meson decays imply a dominant effect from the strange quark condensate. We propose a model for Dirac neutrino mass generation with an extra Higgs doublet at the TeV scale and significant coupling to strange quarks and leptons. Current data on $D\ensuremath{-}\overline{D}$ mixing constrain the allowed parameter space of the model, and a 100 TeV $pp$ collider would either discover or largely exclude it. A distinct feature of this scenario is that measurements of the charged Higgs leptonic branching ratios can distinguish between ``normal'' and ``inverted'' neutrino mass hierarchies, complementing future determinations at neutrino oscillation experiments.

Laser-assisted kaon decay and CPT symmetry violation

In this paper, we have investigated the charged kaons decay at the lowest order in the presence of a circularly polarized laser field. To be more precise, we have examined the leptonic decay of both positive (matter) and negative (antimatter) kaon which weakly decay via the exchange of W boson. Indeed, we have derived the expression of the leptonic decay width, the leptonic branching ratio, the leptonic ratio and the charged kaon lifetime by using the decay matrix approach. In addition, by using numerical computation, we have presented and discussed how the laser field influences these physical quantities. Moreover, we have analyzed the effect of the laser field on the parameter associated to the CPT symmetry. Then, we have concluded that, in the presence of an electromagnetic field and based on this CPT symmetry parameter, it is possible to control the dominance of matter over antimatter or vice-versa by applying an external field to either violate or conserve the CPT symmetry.

Probing doubly and singly charged Higgs bosons at the pp collider HE-LHC

We analyse the signal sensitivity of multi-lepton final states at collider that can arise from doubly and singly charged Higgs decay in a type-II seesaw framework. We assume triplet vev to be very small and degenerate masses for both the charged Higgs states. The leptonic branching ratio of doubly and singly charged Higgs states have a large dependency on the neutrino oscillation parameters, lightest neutrino mass scale, as well as neutrino mass hierarchy. We explore this as well as the relation between the leptonic branching ratios of the singly and doubly charged Higgs states in detail. We evaluate the effect of these uncertainties on the production cross-section. Finally, we present a detailed analysis of multi-lepton final states for a future hadron collider HE-LHC, that can operate with center of mass energy $\sqrt{s}=27$ TeV.

Heavy-Light Mesons in the Nonrelativistic Quark Model Using Laplace Transformation Method

An analytic solution of theN-dimensional radial Schrödinger equation with the combination of vector and scalar potentials via the Laplace transformation method (LTM) is derived. The current potential is extended to encompass the spin hyperfine, spin-orbit, and tensor interactions. The energy eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenfunctions have been obtained in theN-dimensional space. The present results are employed to study the different properties of the heavy-light mesons (HLM). The masses of the scalar, vector, pseudoscalar, and pseudovector forB,Bs,D, andDsmesons have been calculated in the three-dimensional space. The effect of the dimensional number space is discussed on the masses of the HLM. We observed that the meson mass increases with increasing dimensional space. The decay constants of the pseudoscalar and vector mesons have been computed. In addition, the leptonic decay widths and branching ratio for theB+,D+, andBs+mesons have been studied. Therefore, the used method with the current potential gives good results which are in good agreement with experimental data and are improved in comparison with recent theoretical studies.

Cross Section Prediction for Inclusive Production of Z Boson in pp Collisions at s=14 TeV: A Study of Systematic Uncertainty due to Scale Dependence

Prediction of Z→l+l- production cross section (where l±=e±,μ±) in proton-proton collisions at s=14 TeV is estimated up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in perturbative QCD including next-to-leading order (NLO) electroweak (EW) corrections. The total inclusive Z boson production cross section times leptonic branching ratio, within the invariant mass window 66<mll<116 GeV, is predicted using NNLO HERAPDF2.0 at NNLO QCD and NLO EW as σZTot=2111.69-26.92+26.31 (PDF) ±11 (αs) ±17 (scale) -30.98+57.41 (parameterization and model). Theoretical prediction of the fiducial cross section is further computed with the latest modern PDF models (CT14, MMHT2014, NNPDF3.0, HERAPDF2.0, and ABM12) at NNLO for QCD and NLO for EW. The central values of the predictions are based on DYNNLO 1.5 program and the uncertainties are extracted using FEWZ 3.1 program. In addition, the cross section is also calculated as functions of μR and μF scales. The choice of μR and μF for scale variation uncertainty is further discussed in detail.

Phenomenology of strongly coupled chiral gauge theories

A sector with QCD-like strong dynamics is common in models of non-standard physics. Such a model could be accessible in LHC searches if both confinement and big-quarks charged under the confining group are at the TeV scale. Big-quark masses at this scale can be explained if the new fermions are chiral under a new $U(1)^\prime$ gauge symmetry such that their bare masses are related to the $U(1)^\prime$-breaking and new confinement scales. Here we present a study of a minimal GUT-motivated and gauge anomaly-free model with implications for the LHC Run 2 searches. We find that the first signatures of such models could appear as two gauge boson resonances. The chiral nature of the model could be confirmed by observation of a $Z^\prime \gamma$ resonance, where the $Z^\prime$ naturally has a large leptonic branching ratio because of its kinetic mixing with the hypercharge gauge boson.

Determination of the muonic branching ratio of the W boson and its total width via cross-section measurements at the Tevatron and LHC

The total $W$-boson decay width $\Gamma_W$ is an important observable which allows testing of the standard model. The current world average value is based on direct measurements of final state kinematic properties of $W$-boson decays, and has a relative uncertainty of 2%. The indirect determination of $\Gamma_W$ via the cross-section measurements of vector-boson production can lead to a similar accuracy. The same methodology leads also to a determination of the leptonic branching ratio. This approach has been successfully pursued by the CDF and D0 experiments at the Tevatron collider, as well as by the CMS collaboration at the LHC. In this paper we present for the first time a combination of the available measurements at hadron colliders, accounting for the correlations of the associated systematic uncertainties. Our combination leads to values of $\textrm{BR}(W\rightarrow\mu\nu)=(10.72 \pm 0.16)\%$ and $\Gamma_W = 2113 \pm 31$ MeV, respectively, both compatible with the current world averages.

Measurement of W± and Z-boson production cross sections in pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of the $W^{\pm} \rightarrow \ell^{\pm} \nu$ and $Z \rightarrow \ell^+ \ell^-$ production cross sections (where $\ell^{\pm}=e^{\pm},\mu^{\pm}$) in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV are presented using data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 81 pb$^{-1}$ The total inclusive $W^{\pm}$-boson production cross sections times the single-lepton-flavour branching ratios are $\sigma_{W^+}^{tot}= 11.83 \pm 0.02 (stat) \pm 0.32 (sys) \pm 0.25 (lumi)$ nb and $\sigma_{W^-}^{tot} = 8.79 \pm 0.02 (stat) \pm 0.24 (sys) \pm 0.18 (lumi)$ nb for $W^+$ and $W^-$, respectively. The total inclusive $Z$-boson production cross section times leptonic branching ratio, within the invariant mass window $66 < m_{\ell\ell} < 116$ GeV, is $\sigma_{Z}^{tot} = 1.981 \pm 0.007 (stat) \pm 0.038 (sys) \pm 0.042 (lumi)$ nb. The $W^+$, $W^-$, and $Z$-boson production cross sections and cross-section ratios within a fiducial region defined by the detector acceptance are also measured. The cross-section ratios benefit from significant cancellation of experimental uncertainties, resulting in $\sigma_{W^+}^{fid}/\sigma_{W^-}^{fid} = 1.295 \pm 0.003 (stat) \pm 0.010 (sys)$ and $\sigma_{W^{\pm}}^{fid}/\sigma_{Z}^{fid} = 10.31 \pm 0.04 (stat) \pm 0.20 (sys)$. Theoretical predictions, based on calculations accurate to next-to-next-to-leading order for quantum chromodynamics and to next-to-leading order for electroweak processes and which employ different parton distribution function sets, are compared to these measurements.

Tau Decays and [formula omitted

The evolution of the determination of the strong coupling constant αs from the leptonic branching ratios, the life-time, and the invariant mass distributions of the hadronic final state of the τ lepton over the last two decades is briefly reviewed. The improvements in the latest ALEPH update are described in some detail. Currently this is one of the most precise αs determinations. Together with the other determination at the Z boson mass pole, they constitutes the most accurate test of the asymptotic freedom in QCD.

Constraining New Physics with D meson decays

Latest Lattice results on D form factors evaluation from first principles show that the Standard Model (SM) branching ratios prediction for the leptonic Ds→ℓνℓ decays and the semileptonic SM branching ratios of the D0 and D+ meson decays are in good agreement with the world average experimental measurements. It is possible to disprove New Physics hypothesis or find bounds over several models beyond the SM. Using the observed leptonic and semileptonic branching ratios for the D meson decays, we performed a combined analysis to constrain non-standard interactions which mediate the cs¯→lν¯ transition. This is done either by a model-independent way through the corresponding Wilson coefficients or in a model-dependent way by finding the respective bounds over the relevant parameters for some models beyond the Standard Model. In particular, we obtain bounds for the Two Higgs Doublet Model Type-II and Type III, the Left–Right model, the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with explicit R-parity violation and Leptoquarks. Finally, we estimate the transverse polarization of the lepton in the D0 decay and we found it can be as high as PT=0.23.

LEPTONIC DECAY OF HEAVY–LIGHT MESONS IN A QCD POTENTIAL MODEL

We study the masses and decay constants of heavy–light flavor mesons D, Ds, B and Bs in a QCD potential model. The mesonic wave function is used to compute the masses of D and B mesons in the ground state and the wave function is transformed to momentum space to estimate the pseudoscalar decay constants of these mesons. The leptonic decay widths and branching ratio of these mesons for different leptonic channels are also computed to compare with the experimental values. The results are found to be compatible with available data.

Multi-τsignatures at the LHC in the two Higgs doublet model

A detailed simulation study is performed for multi-$\ensuremath{\tau}$ signatures at the Large Hadron Collider, which can be used to probe additional Higgs bosons with lepton-specific Yukawa interactions. We here consider the two Higgs doublet model with the Type-X Yukawa interaction, where nonstandard Higgs bosons predominantly decay into tau leptons. These extra Higgs bosons can be pair produced at hadron colliders. Consequently, multi-$\ensuremath{\tau}$ originated signals appear in the final state as a promising signature of such a model. We find that the main background can be considerably reduced by requiring the high multiplicity of leptons and tau-jets with appropriate kinematical cuts in the final state. Thus, assuming the integrated luminosity of a hundred of inverse fb, the excess can be seen in various three- and four-lepton channels. With the integrated luminosity of thousands of inverse fb, the determination of the mass as well as ratios of leptonic decay branching ratios of these Higgs bosons would also be possible.

Boosting Higgs boson discovery: The forgotten channel

Searches for a heavy standard model Higgs boson focus on the ``gold plated mode'' where the Higgs decays to two leptonic $Z$ bosons. This channel provides a clean signature, in spite of the small leptonic branching ratios. We show that using fat jets the semileptonic $ZZ$ mode significantly increases the number of signal events with a similar statistical significance as the leptonic mode.

Measurement of the W → ℓν and Z/γ * → ℓℓ production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt {s} = 7\;{\text{TeV}} $ with the ATLAS detector

First measurements of the W -> lnu and Z/gamma* -> ll (l = e, mu) production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV are presented using data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The results are based on 2250 W -> lnu and 179 Z/gamma* -> ll candidate events selected from a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 320 nb-1. The measured total W and Z/gamma*-boson production cross sections times the respective leptonic branching ratios for the combined electron and muon channels are $\stotW$ * BR(W -> lnu) = 9.96 +- 0.23(stat) +- 0.50(syst) +- 1.10(lumi) nb and $\stotZg$ * BR(Z/gamma* -> ll) = 0.82 +- 0.06(stat) +- 0.05(syst) +- 0.09(lumi) nb (within the invariant mass window 66 < m_ll < 116 GeV). The W/Z cross-section ratio is measured to be 11.7 +- 0.9(stat) +- 0.4(syst). In addition, measurements of the W+ and W- production cross sections and of the lepton charge asymmetry are reported. Theoretical predictions based on NNLO QCD calculations are found to agree with the measurements.

TENSION BETWEEN SCALAR/PSEUDOSCALAR NEW PHYSICS CONTRIBUTION TO Bs → μ+μ- AND B → Kμ+μ-

New physics in the form of scalar/pseudoscalar operators cannot lower the semileptonic branching ratio Br (B → K μ+μ-) below its standard model value. In addition, we show that the upper bound on the leptonic branching ratio Br (Bs → μ+μ-) sets a strong constraint on the maximum value of Br (B → K μ+μ-) in models with multiple Higgs doublets: with the current bound, Br (B → K μ+μ-) cannot exceed the standard model prediction by more than 2.5%. The conclusions hold true even if the new physics couplings are complex. However, these constraints can be used to restrict new physics couplings only if the theoretical and experimental errors in Br (B → K μ+μ-) are reduced to a few per cent. The constraints become relaxed in a general class of models with scalar/pesudoscalar operators.

Probing Majorana phases and the neutrino mass spectrum in the Higgs triplet model at the CERN LHC

Doubly charged Higgs bosons (H{sup {+-}}{sup {+-}}) are a distinctive signature of the Higgs triplet model of neutrino mass generation. If H{sup {+-}}{sup {+-}} is relatively light (m{sub H{sup {+-}}{sup {+-}}}<400 GeV), it will be produced copiously at the LHC, which could enable precise measurements of the branching ratios of the decay channels H{sup {+-}}{sup {+-}}{yields}l{sub i}{sup {+-}}l{sub j}{sup {+-}}. Such branching ratios are determined solely by the neutrino mass matrix which allows the model to be tested at the LHC. We quantify the dependence of the leptonic branching ratios on the absolute neutrino mass and Majorana phases, and present the permitted values for the channels e{sup {+-}}e{sup {+-}}, e{sup {+-}}{mu}{sup {+-}}, and {mu}{sup {+-}}{mu}{sup {+-}}. It is shown that precise measurements of these three branching ratios are sufficient to extract information on the neutrino mass spectrum and probe the presence of CP violation from Majorana phases.

Measurements of inclusive W and Z cross sections in collisions at

We report the first measurements of inclusive W and Z boson cross-sections times the corresponding leptonic branching ratios for collisions at TeV based on the decays of the W and Z bosons into electrons and muons. The data were recorded with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 72.0 ± 4.3 pb−1. We test e-μ lepton universality in W decays by measuring the ratio of the W → μν to W → eν cross sections and determine a value of 0.991 ± 0.004(stat.) ± 0.011(syst.) for the ratio of W − ℓ − ν couplings (gμ/ge). Since there is no sign of non-universality, we combine our cross-section measurements in the different lepton decay modes and obtain nb and pb for dilepton pairs in the mass range between 66 GeV/c2 and 116 GeV/c2. We compute the ratio R of the W → ℓν to Z → ℓℓ cross sections taking all correlations among channels into account and obtain R = 10.84 ± 0.15(stat.) ± 0.14(syst.) including a correction for the virtual photon exchange component in our measured γ*/Z → ℓℓ cross section. Based on the measured value of R, we extract values for the W leptonic branching ratio, Br(W → ℓν)= 0.1082 ± 0.0022; the total width of the W boson, Γ(W)= 2092 ± 42 MeV; and the ratio of W and Z boson total widths, Γ(W)/Γ(Z)= 0.838 ± 0.017. In addition, we use our extracted value of Γ(W) whose value depends on various electroweak parameters and certain CKM matrix elements to constrain the Vcs CKM matrix element, |Vcs| = 0.976 ± 0.030.

Large 2HDM(II) one-loop corrections in leptonic tau decays

The one-loop contributions to the branching ratios for leptonic tau decays are calculated in the CP conserving 2HDM(II). We found that these one-loop contributions, involving both neutral and charged Higgs bosons, dominate over the tree-level H^+ exchange, the latter one being totally negligible for the decay into electron. The analysis is focused on large tanbeta enhanced contributions to the considered branching ratios. We derive a simple analytical expression for the one-loop contribution which holds in this case. We show that the leptonic branching ratios of tau are complementary to the Higgsstrahlung processes for h(H) and have a large potential on constraining parameters of the model. In this work we provide upper limits on Yukawa couplings for both light h and light A scenarios and we derive new lower limit on mass of M_{H^+} as a function of tanbeta, which differs significantly from what was considered as standard constraint based on the tree-level H^{+} exchange only. Interestingly we obtain also an upper limit on M_{H^+}. For a SM-like h scenario, with heavy and degenerate additional Higgs bosons, one-loop corrections disappear.

First Measurements of InclusiveWandZCross Sections from Run II of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider

We report the first measurements of inclusive W and Z cross sections times leptonic branching ratios for pp collisions at square root[s]=1.96 TeV, based on their decays to electrons and muons. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 72 pb(-1) recorded with the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. We test e-mu universality in W decays, and we measure the ratio of leptonic W and Z rates from which the leptonic branching fraction B(W-->lnu) can be extracted as well as an indirect value for the total width of the W and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element, |V(cs)|.