Leptin Hormone Levels Research Articles

7255 Tirzepatide Helps Achieve Glycemic Control and Lower Triglycerides in Seven Patients with Lipodystrophy

Abstract Disclosure: R. Meral: None. E.D. Frontera: None. M. Celik Guler: None. M.C. Foss de Freitas: None. N. Nachawi: None. D.T. Broome: Consulting Fee; Self; Tayco, Inc.. Research Investigator; Self; Novo Nordisk, Fractyl Laboratories, Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. S.I. Taylor: None. E.A. Oral: Advisory Board Member; Self; Amryt, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. Consulting Fee; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Amryt, Third Rock Ventures. Grant Recipient; Self; Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Amryt. Research Investigator; Self; Novo Nordisk, Fractyl, Ionis Pharmaceuticals Inc., GI Dynamics, Rhythm Pharmaceuticals. Other; Self; Amryt. Lipodystrophy encompasses a group of rare disorders associated with severe metabolic disease. These disorders are defined by abnormal distribution of fat, with near-total (generalized lipodystrophy, GL) or partial (partial lipodystrophy, PL; i.e. familial partial lipodystrophy, FPLD) absence of adipocyte mass leading to a decreased ability to store triglycerides safely. Excess triglycerides are more likely to be stored in ectopic tissues such as hepatocytes, which leads to the metabolic manifestations of the disease state. Patients with GL have near absent levels of leptin hormone and leptin replacement therapy leads to dramatic improvement, which has mainly been attributed to a reduction in caloric intake. Patients with PL are not as leptin deficient and their response to leptin replacement therapy has been variable. We hypothesized that the clinical use of tirzepatide in patients with lipodystrophy may lead to favorable outcomes through the reduction of caloric intake. We closely observed 7 patients who were prescribed tirzepatide for their diabetes with information presented respectively [Age: 44; 54; 34; 53; 44; 46; 38 years | Sex: F; F; F; F; F; M; F | Subtype: FPLD type 1; FPLD type 2; FPLD type 1; Acquired GL; FPLD type 2; FPLD type 1; FPLD type 3]. At baseline, all patients had poor control of their disease despite aggressive medical therapy (except patient #5). Follow-up durations varied due to the observational nature of the study [follow-up duration (months): 6; 12; 7; 3; 8; 9; 5]. Reductions in A1c, triglycerides, and body mass index (BMI) were observed [A1c (%): 13.4->7.1; 7.1->6.6; 7.6->5.2; 8.7->6.9; 5.4->5.1; 8.9->7.8; 9.7->7.1 | triglycerides (mg/dL): 539->339; 164->109; 367->NA; 151->113; 388->101; 459->319; 4081->259 | BMI (Kg/m2): 25.0->24.5; 30.6->28.3; 37.7->33.9; 22.8->20.9; 27.6->23.4; 40.1->37.9; 24.0->24.9]. Those who were on insulin had decreased daily requirements [total daily insulin requirement (units): 160->25; 82->18; not on insulin; 85->0; not on insulin; 280->200; 124->111]. All patients reported a reduction in their daily food intake. Treatment related complications were limited to known gastrointestinal issues which the patients rated as tolerable. Based on our results, a randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of tirzepatide in patients with lipodystrophy may be warranted. Presentation: 6/3/2024

EFFECTS OF LIVE BODY WEIGHT AND LEPTIN CONCENTRATION ON IRAQI CHICKENS FERTILITY AND HATCHABILITY

This Study was conducted out at the Ministry of Agriculture's Poultry Research Station/Animal Resources Department/Agricultural Research Center. To see how body weight (BW) and leptin hormone (LEP) levels in breeder blood affect fertility and hatchability. 140 Iraqi local laying chickens (120 females + 20 males) aged 28 weeks were used in the study. Following the numbering of females, the birds were grown in individual cages and dispersed sequentially on cages. The experiment was divided into three periods, each lasting 28 days, during which the breeder's live body weight was recorded and divided into two categories (greater than 1.5 kg and less than 1.5 kg), and blood samples were collected at the end of each period to determine the concentration of leptin hormone in the breeders' blood. For comparison between mothers' performance, hormone concentration is separated into three groups: high, medium, and low. The percentage of fertile eggs (FE), the percentage of hatched chicks from total eggs (HAT), the percentage of hatched chicks from fertile eggs (HAF), and the percentage of mortality (MO) all showed a significant increase (p<0.05), and a linear relationship was discovered between the studied traits and hormone concentration levels. Leptin arrived at the best predictive values that reflect reality by computing regression and correlation coefficients and using a hypothetical technique in estimating prediction results. This study concludes that body weight and leptin levels have unknown impacts on hatching fertility rates.

The Levels of Prostate Specific Antigen and Leptin Hormone in Patients with Prostate Cancer

The Levels of Prostate Specific Antigen and Leptin Hormone in Patients with Prostate Cancer

The Levels of Prostate Specific Antigen and Leptin Hormone in Patients with Prostate Cancer

The Levels of Prostate Specific Antigen and Leptin Hormone in Patients with Prostate Cancer

Association of seropositivity of toxoplasmosis and type 2 diabetes among adult females in Erbil city

Background and objective: Toxoplasma gondii is an important opportunistic parasite in immune-compromised individuals that causes toxoplasmosis. An intracellular pathogen could cause severe complications. Diabetes is a significant component that enhances the host's vulnerability and risk of acquiring a variety of infections. The objectives of the current study are to reveal the relationships between toxoplasmosis and type 2 diabetes in addition to find out the most specific gene for the detection of Toxoplasma gondii. Methods: In this case-control study, 201 blood samples were taken from type 2 diabetic women with 100 healthy women as control groups to detect anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies by performing latex agglutination test and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Detection of B1 and RE genes of Toxoplasma gondii among seropositive individuals by nested PCR and evaluation of leptin hormone in both groups were performed. Results: Among 201 type 2 diabetic cases, 64 cases (32.0%) were seropositive for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies, with 15 samples (15%) among 100 healthy control group via latex agglutination test. ELISA performed for only latex positive samples and the results were 64 ((32%) IgG+, (0%) IgM+) patient group (15.0% IgG+, 0.0% IgM+) healthy group with the P-value 0.0001 which is highly significant. The results of nested PCR were (46.88%) (IgG+, IgM-) and (1.56%) (IgG+, IgM-) for B1 and RE genes, respectively. Increased levels of leptin hormone were observed in patients in compare to healthy controls. Conclusion: Both Diabetes and the elderly increase the chance of vulnerability to get toxoplasmosis. Diabetes, toxoplasmosis and high body mass index results in elevation of leptin hormone that leads to diabetes. B1 gene is the specific gene for detection of T. gondii in our area.

Antibodies Reactive to Leptin in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes and Its Relationship with Clinical, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Risk Parameters

ABSTRACT Background and aims Patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have shown alterations in the affinity of IgG anti-leptin antibodies which are possibly related to metabolic alterations. In the present exploratory study, we analyzed serum samples from adults with T2D classified by body mass index (BMI) and evaluated the relationship of IgG anti-leptin antibodies with body composition, metabolic and cardiovascular risk parameters. Methods Serum IgG anti-leptin antibodies (total, free and immune complexes fractions) were measured by in-house ELISA. Body composition, metabolic biomarkers (glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, insulin, leptin) and cardiometabolic risk indexes (AIP, HOMA-IR, HOMA-ß) were evaluated in one hundred T2D patients. Results Patients with T2D and obesity presented a decrease in the percentage of IgG anti-leptin immune complexes compared to patients with T2D and overweight (p < 0.0053). Negative correlations of IgG anti-leptin immune complexes with triglycerides (TG) (r=-0.412, p = 0.023) and VLDL-C (r=-0.611, p = 0.017) were found in normal weight T2D patients. Free IgG anti-leptin antibodies correlated positively with TC (r = 0.390, p = 0.032) and LDL-C (r = 0.458, p = 0.011) in overweight individuals with T2D. Finally, total IgG anti-leptin antibodies correlated positively with leptin hormone levels (r = 0.409, p = 0.024) and negatively with HOMA-IR (r =-0.459, p = 0.012) in T2D patients with obesity. Conclusions The decrease of IgG anti-leptin immune complexes observed in patients with T2D and obesity suggests a reduction in antibody affinity to the hormone that may impact its transport and signaling, lipid, lipoprotein and insulin metabolism.

Use of moringa protein hydrolysate as a fishmeal replacer in diet of Oreochromis niloticus: Effects on growth, digestive enzymes, protein transporters and immune status

In this study, we partially replaced fishmeal (FM) with moringa protein hydrolysate (MPH) in the diet of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, in a ten-week feeding trial. We evaluated the consequences of this substitution on the growth, digestive enzyme activity, economic efficiency, immune status, and expression of immune genes, protein transporters, and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Fish (n = 225, 36.38 ± 0.06 g/fish) were randomly assigned to five groups with five replacement levels of MPH: 0, 15, 30, 45, and 60% (MPH0, MPH15, MPH30, MPH45, and MPH60). The results showed a linear increase in the growth parameters by replacing FM with MPH. A rise in the serum level of growth hormone and a reduction in the leptin hormone and glucose levels were observed with increasing the MPH replacement level. Higher amylase activity was detected with MPH replacement, with the highest activity noticed in the MPH45 group. The protease activity was linearly increased in the MPH45–60 groups. We reported significant up-regulation in the expression of IGF-1 and amino acid and peptide transporters in MPH groups. The immune indices (serum nitric oxide level, lysozyme activity, and phagocytic activity) and immune-related gene expression were linearly up-regulated by MPH replacement up to the 45% replacement level then decreased in the MPH60 group but still higher than the control group. FM replacement with MPH increased the Nile tilapia resistance to Aeromonas sobria challenge. In conclusion, MPH can replace FM up to 60% for good performance and immune status of fish.

Pengaruh Obesitas Terhadap Kejadian Menarche Dini Pada Siswi SMPN 4 Watampone Kabupaten Wajo

The age of menstruation has shifted to a younger age if the first period begins before reaching 12 years old. Early menstruation in young girls can be caused by obesity, which is a result of excess fat intake. Consuming foods rich in fat can lead to increased fat storage in the body when not utilized as an energy source, subsequently elevating leptin hormone levels. This study aims to determine the impact of obesity on the occurrence of early menstruation among female students at SMP Negeri 4 Watampone, Kabupaten Bone.The utilized method is quantitative, employing a Cross-Sectional design. The population for this research consists of all female seventh-grade students at SMPN 4 Watampone, Kabupaten Bone, totaling 108 individuals. The sample size selected based on inclusion criteria was 47 respondents. The findings of this study indicate that out of 30 respondents with normal Body Mass Index (BMI), 27 respondents (90%) experienced menarche at the age of 12, and 3 respondents (17.6%) experienced menarche between the ages of 9 and 11. Additionally, among 17 respondents with excessive BMI, 3 respondents (10%) had menarche at the age of 12, while 14 respondents (82.4%) experienced menarche between the ages of 9 and 11.The analysis results reveal a significant correlation between obesity and the prevalence of early menstruation (ρ = 0.000, ρ &lt; 0.05). Therefore, it is recommended that the school authorities enhance students' knowledge regarding the importance of nutrition and maintaining a healthy adolescent lifestyle. This information should be sourced from various reliable channels, including both teachers and healthcare professionals in the field of reproductive health..

Association between LEPR Genotype and Gut Microbiome in Healthy Non-Obese Korean Adults.

The LEPR (leptin receptor) genotype is associated with obesity. Gut microbiome composition differs between obese and non-obese adults. However, the impact of LEPR genotype on gut microbiome composition in humans has not yet been studied. In this study, the association between LEPR single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1173100, rs1137101, and rs790419) and the gut microbiome composition in 65 non-obese Korean adults was investigated. Leptin, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were also measured in all participants. Mean ± SD (standard deviation) of age, body mass index, and leptin hormone levels of participants was 35.2 ± 8.1 years, 21.4 ± 1.8 kg/m2, and 7989.1 ± 6687.4 pg/mL, respectively. Gut microbiome analysis was performed at the phylum level by 16S rRNA sequencing. Among the 11 phyla detected, only one showed significantly different relative abundances between LEPR genotypes. The relative abundance of Candidatus Saccharibacteria was higher in the G/A genotype group than in the G/G genotype group for the rs1137101 single nucleotide polymorphism (p=0.0322). Participant characteristics, including body mass index, leptin levels, and other lipid levels, were similar between the rs1137101 G/G and G/A genotypes. In addition, the relative abundances of Fusobacteria and Tenericutes showed significant positive relationship with plasma leptin concentrations (p=0.0036 and p=0.0000, respectively). In conclusion, LEPR genotype and gut microbiome may be associated even in normal-weight Korean adults. However, further studies with a greater number of obese adults are needed to confirm whether LEPR genotype is related to gut microbiome composition.

Monitoring of leptin hormone levels in child bearing – age women in Baghdad / Iraq – with polycystic ovary syndrome, and the impact of BMI on leptin levels

Monitoring of leptin hormone levels in child bearing – age women in Baghdad / Iraq – with polycystic ovary syndrome, and the impact of BMI on leptin levels

Kidney bean protein hydrolysate as a fish meal replacer: Effects on growth, digestive enzymes, metabolic functions, immune-antioxidant parameters and their related gene expression, intestinal and muscular gene expression

A feeding trial for 70 days was designated on Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus). A total of 200 fish (34.38 ± 0.05 g) were assigned into five groups, four replicates for each (10 fish/replicate; 40 fish/group) and received five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets with five replacement levels of fishmeal (FM) with kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) protein hydrolysate (KBH) (0, 25, 50, 75, 100%). The findings demonstrated a significant increase in the performance metrics (final body weight, total weight gain, average daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio, and specific growth rate) with a considerable improvement in the feed conversion ratio across all replacement levels, with the greatest value obtained in the KBH75 and KBH100 groups. Regarding the broken line regression analysis, the optimum FM replacement level with KBH was 76%. By replacing FM with KBH, the growth hormone and digestive enzymes (amylase and protease) levels were significantly increased, whilst the glucose and leptin hormone levels significantly declined. The amino acid transporters (solute carrier family 15 member 2 and solute carrier family 26 member 6), insulin growth factor-1, the immune-associated genes (interleukin-8, toll-like receptors-7, and cc-chemokine), and the antioxidant-associated genes (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and Glutathione synthetase) expression was substantially boosted in all replacement levels, where the KBH50 group recorded the highest expression. As well as the mRNA expression of myostatin was down-turned in all replacement levels relative to the KBH0 group. Improving the immune functions (lysozyme, complement 3, nitric oxide, phagocytic %, and phagocytic index) was noticed by FM replacement with KBH. The cumulative mortality as a result of challenging with Aeromonas sobria at the end of the feeding trial was decreased by increasing the replacement level (80, 40, 37, 30, and 25% for KBH0, KBH25, KBH50, KBH75, and KBH100, respectively). From the economic point of view, the feed costs and feed cost/ kg gain declined in the KBH75 and KBH100 diets. From the aforementioned outcomes, KBH could replace the FM up to 100% with improving the growth and their related genes expression, digestive enzymes activity, and immune/antioxidant parameters and their encoding gene expression, and the optimal replacement level was 76%. The replacement of FM with KBH was economically efficient.

Evaluation of leptin hormone and Tumor necrosis factor levels in patients with type two diabetes mellites

: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Leptin, an adipokine with the primary function of regulating energy balance, is found to mediate insulin secretion and sensitivity in peripheral tissues. Aims: Hence, we aimed to determine the role of leptin in the development of insulin resistance (IR) in newly diagnosed T2DM patients and determine tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α). Materials and methods: A case control study a total of 80 patients and 50 control groups, used Cobas E311 device to measure glucose, whereas HbA1c used D-10 hemoglobin Hba1c device whereas other parameters used ELISA methods were used to analyses 130 samples Results: Highly significant increase level of Fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, Insulin, Leptin and HOMA- insulin resistance whereas significant decrease level of TNF alpha and , Plasminogen activator inhibitors -1 in patient type two diabetes mellitus compared to the control group. Conclusion: increased the level of leptin levels while TNF-α levels were decreased in type 2 diabetes patients.

Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus administration to anorexigenic neuropeptides and some biochemical parameters on rats fed with a high-fat diet

AimOne of the rapidly rising global public health concern is obesity. Over the past three decades, the prevalence of obesity has doubled/tripled in several nations around the world, most likely as a result of urbanization, sedentary lifestyles, and increased intake of high-calorie processed foods. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus administration on rats exposed to high-fat diet experimentally on anorexigenic peptides in the brain and some biochemical parameters in the serum. MethodsIn the study, 4 different experimental groups were formed. Group 1 was designated as the control group and fed with a standard rat chow (SD). Group 2 was designated as the high-fat diet (HFD) fed group. Group 3 fed with SD and L. acidophilus probiotic administered. Group 4 fed with HFD and L. acidophilus probiotic administered. At the end of the experiment, leptin, serotonin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels were measured in the brain tissue and serum. Glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), total protein (TP), albumin, uric acid, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined in the serum. ResultsAt the end of the study, it was found that there was an increase in body weight and body mass index in Group 2 compared to Group 1. It was determined that the levels of AST, ALT, TG, TC, glucose, leptin in the serum were significantly high (P < 0.05). The levels of GLP-1 and serotonin in the serum and in the brain were significantly low (P < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in TG and TC in Groups 3 and 4 compared to Group 2 (P < 0.05). The leptin hormone levels in serum and brain were significantly higher in Group 2 than in other groups (P < 0.05). GLP-1 and serotonin levels were found to be significantly low (P < 0.05). The leptin levels in the serum of Groups 3 and 4 decreased significantly compared to Group 2 (P < 0.05). ConclusionIt was found that probiotic supplementation in high-fat diet had positive effects on anorexigenic peptides. It was concluded that L. acidophilus probiotic can be recommended as a food supplement in the treatment of obesity.

Превентивная дифференцированная терапия рецидивов экзогенно-конституционального ожирения у женщин

The purpose — to develop a method for preventive differentiated therapy of exogenous-constitutional obesity recurrence in females based on monitoring of psychophysiological reactivity and neurohumoral regulation. Material and methods. 241 females with exogenous-constitutional obesity and 45 healthy females were examined. The patients of the main (123 persons) and control (118 persons) groups were under observation during 8 months. The body mass index, the leptin hormone level, and the duration of blink reflex were assessed on monitoring. Reflexotherapy, diet therapy and physiotherapy were applied in the main group. Statistical processing was performed by nonparametric methods. Results. Variants of developing obesity recurrence were determined: 1) with primary change of psychophysiological reactivity; 2) with primary change of neurohumoral regulation. In the first variant, reflexotherapy was prescribed, and in the second — hypocaloric diet and physiotherapy. The obesity recurrence in the control group was registered in 85.6% of all observations, and in the main group — in 14.6% of observations (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusions. The proposed method of preventive differentiated therapy based on monitoring of psychophysiological reactivity and neurohumoral regulation allowed decreasing the recurrence rate in females with exogenous-constitutional obesity.

Evaluation of Spray-Dried Bovine Hemoglobin Powder as a Dietary Animal Protein Source in Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus.

The present study evaluated the potential effects of dietary inclusion of spray-dried bovine hemoglobin powder (SDBH) on the growth, gene expression of peptide and amino acid transporters, insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and myostatin, digestive enzymes activity, intestinal histomorphology and immune status, immune-related gene expression, and economic efficiency in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Two hundred twenty-five fingerlings (32.38 ± 0.05 g/fish) were distributed into five treatments with five dietary inclusion levels of SDBH: 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10% for a ten-week feeding period. Dietary inclusion of SDBH linearly increased the final body weight (FBW), total weight gain (TWG), specific growth rate (SGR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER). Additionally, a linear decrease in feed conversion ratio (FCR) and daily feed intake relative to the daily BW was reported in the highest inclusion levels (7.5 and 10%). Dietary inclusion of SDBH was associated with a significant increase in the intestinal villous height (VH), villous width (VW), villous height: crypt depth ratio (VH: CD), and muscle coat thickness (MCT), with the highest values reported in SDBH7.5 group. Increased serum growth hormone levels and decreased serum leptin hormone levels were also reported by increasing the SDBH level. The serum glucose level was decreased in the SDBH7.5 and SDBH10 groups. The digestive enzymes' activity (amylase and protease) was increased by increasing the SDBH inclusion level. An up-regulation in the expression of peptide and amino acid transporters, IGF-1, and down-regulation of myostatin was reported in the SDBH2.5 to SDBH7.5 groups. Spleen sections showed more lymphoid elements, especially in the SDBH2.5 and SDBH7.5 groups. The SDBH inclusion increased the serum lysozyme activity, nitric oxide (NO), and complement 3 (C3) levels, with the highest values recorded in the SDBH5 group. The phagocytic % and the phagocytic index were increased by increasing the SDBH inclusion %. The expressions of immune-related genes (transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and interleukin 10 (IL10)) were up-regulated by SDBH inclusion with the highest expression in the SDBH5 group. Economically, the feed costs and feed costs/kg gain were linearly decreased in the SDBH7.5 and SDBH10 diets. In conclusion, spray-dried bovine hemoglobin powder could be used as a protein source for up to 10% of the diets of Nile tilapia for better growth and immune status of fish.

ADAPTATION OF THE EFFECT OF CHROMIUM MİNERAL SUPPLEMENT ON SERUM IRISIN, LEPTIN AND GHRELIN HORMONE LEVELS TO EXERCISE TRAININGS

This work; It is aimed to adapt the Effect of Chromium Mineral Supplement on Serum Irisin, Leptin and Ghrelin Hormone Levels to Exercise Trainings. For this purpose; A total of 28 male rats of eight weeks old Wistar Albino were included in the study and randomly divided into four groups. The control group (n=7) who continued to be fed with a daily diet and waited for eight weeks without any supplementation; The exercise group in which the treadmill exercise was performed at a speed of 15 m/min on the treadmill for five days for eight weeks (n=7); supplementation group (n=7) given chromium picolinate by gavage method (8 μg / kg/day) once a day for eight weeks in addition to daily dietary nutrition; In addition to dietary nutrition, a single dose (8 μg/kg/day) chromium picolinate was given by gavage for eight weeks and supplemented + exercise group (n=7) in which 20 min/day treadmill exercise was performed for eight weeks. At the end of the studies, which lasted for a total of 10 weeks with two weeks of adaptation exercises, blood samples were taken with the decapitations of the rats. Irisin, leptin and ghrelin analyzes in blood samples were studied by preparing them according to the kit procedure with the elisa method. According to the data we obtained, the normality homogeneity test was applied and it was determined that the data were normally distributed. As a result, one way anova test and paired sample t test were applied from parametric tests (p&lt;0.05 statistically significant difference was accepted) and tukey test was applied to determine the difference between groups. SPSS-21 package program was used in the analysis of the data (p&lt; 0.05 was considered a statistically significant difference). Correlation test was used to determine the relationship between variables. As a result, treadmill exercise applied at a speed of 20 minutes, 15 km/h, 5 days a week for eight weeks, and chromium mineral supplementation decreased the hormone level of ghrelin, thus reducing the need for food intake and less energy consumption. It was found that the use of chromium picolinate alone had a lowering effect on the leptin hormone, and that it also reduced the leptin hormone level in long-term exercise, that the combination of chromium picolinate supplement and exercise further reduced the already low leptin level compared to the chromium group and exercise group. We found that the level was significantly reduced.

Increased ghrelin and decreased leptin levels in patients with antisocial personality disorder

ObjectiveThe study aimed to compare acyl ghrelin (AG), des-acyl ghrelin (DAG), and leptin levels considered to be used as biological markers in the etiopathogenesis of antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) with healthy controls, and to investigate the relationship between these hormones and aggression and impulsivity. MethodThe study included 45 patients with ASPD and 61 healthy people in the control group. Sociodemographic data form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11), and Buss-Durkee Aggression Scale (BDAS) were applied to all participants. Fasting venous blood samples were taken from all participants at the same time of the day and the height and weight of the participants were measured. ResultsIt was found that the mean serum AG and DAG levels were significantly higher than that of healthy controls whereas leptin hormone levels were significantly lower in patients compared to healthy controls. BDI, BAI, BIS-11, and BDAS scores of the patients were significantly higher compared to healthy controls. There was a positive correlation between AG and DAG hormone levels and impulsivity and aggression. DiscussionThe present study is the first in the literature to examine AG, DAG, and leptin hormone levels of patients diagnosed with ASPD. According to the results of the study, it is believed that changes in serum leptin and ghrelin levels will bring a new perspective in terms of understanding the pathophysiological mechanism of ASPD. Further studies are required to explain the definitive roles of these hormones in ASPD.

Role of Leptin with hypothyroidism in Iraqi diabetic type 2 patients

In thyroid subjects, leptin hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels connect; both are emphatically corresponding with adiposity. “Leptin hormone was essentially raised in the hypothyroid topic,” to levels like those seen in corpulent thyroid topic. This study aimed to determine leptin hormone levels, T3, T4, TSH, HbA1c %, FBG, lipid profile in diabetic and diabetic with hypothyroidism patients and compare the outcome with the healthy group. 90 samples were registered in this study with their ages ranging between (40 - 65) years that dole out into 3 groups as follows: thirty healthy groups (G1), thirty patients with diabetes (G2), and category three (G3) include diabetic patients and hypothyroidism as an associated disease. This study revealed a slightly significant elevated leptin in G3, contrasting to G2 and G1. Meantime no significant elevated spotted between G2 and G1. The conclusion could be from this investigation that leptin levels were changed in patients’ gatherings that might be utilized in checking and early analysis of thyroid dysfunction in these patients relying upon the significant connection for leptin chemical with T3, T4, and TSH.

Рівень інсуліну та лептину у хворих на цукровий діабет 1-го та 2-го типу з діабетасоційованим остеоартритом

Актуальність. Ураження суглобів у хворих на цукровий діабет належить до поширених ускладнень і пов’язане з виникненням дeгeнepативно-дистpофічних змін у навколосуглобових структурах. Метою нашої роботи було вивчити рівень гормонів інсуліну і лептину в пацієнтів із діабетичним остеоартритом і дослідити їх можливий вплив на розвиток цього ускладнення. Матеріали та методи. Обстежені 77 пацієнтів, які були розподілені на групи за типом цукрового діабету, наявністю та ступенем тяжкості діабетичної артропатії. Вміст інсуліну і лептину в сироватці крові визначали імуноферментним методом. Результати. Серед обстежених пацієнтів діабетична артропатія діагностована більше ніж у 70 % осіб. У пацієнтів із діабетичною артропатією вірогідно підвищені рівні інсуліну (при цукровому діабеті 1-го типу — на 38,5 %, при цукровому діабеті 2-го типу — на 55,6 %) і лептину (при цукровому діабеті 1-го типу — на 43,8 %, при цукровому діабеті 2-го типу — на 53,7 %). Спостерігається прямий кореляційний зв’язок між ступенем тяжкості ураження суглобів і рівнем інсуліну і лептину. Ступінь тяжкості артопатії в пацієнтів із цукровим діабетом 2-го типу прямо корелює з показниками інсулінорезистентності. Висновки. Шанси на виявлення артропатії при цукровому діабеті 1-го типу при підвищенні рівня інсуліну збільшуються в 3,8 раза, при підвищенні лептину — в 1,3 раза, у хворих на цукровий діабет 2-го типу — у 2,6 і у 1,2 раза відповідно. Для даної вибірки встановлено, что розвиток артропатії не залежить від типу цукрового діабету. У жінок із цукровим діабетом 2-го типу шанси розвитку артропатії вищі в 6,4 раза, ніж у чоловіків. Таким чином, підвищення рівня інсуліну і лептину може бути маркерами наявності і прогресування артропатії у хворих на цукровий діабет.

Evaluation of Salivary Leptin Levels and Its Correlation with Class I, Class II, and Class III Facial Skeletal Pattern: A Prefatory Study.

Objective The aim of this study was to assess and compare the salivary leptin hormone levels between different classes of facial skeletal pattern (Class I, II, and III). Materials and Methods A sample of 62 patients were selected prior to the orthodontic treatment from a population that attended the International Islamic University Malaysia Specialist Orthodontic Clinic. Based on the lateral cephalometric analysis, the subjects were grouped into Class I, Class II, and Class III facial skeletal patterns, according to Eastman and Wits appraisal. Subsequently, unstimulated saliva samples were taken and purified to undergo leptin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis to determine the levels of leptin hormone. Statistical analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyze the data obtained. Results The results showed that there was a significant difference between the levels of leptin hormone between Class I and Class II skeletal patterns and between Class I and Class III facial skeletal patterns. No statistical difference was noted between the levels of leptin of Class II and Class III facial skeletal patterns. Conclusion Salivary leptin hormone levels are higher in patients with Class II and Class III facial skeletal patterns compared with Class I.