Length-length Relationships Research Articles

Life-history traits of grey mullet, Liza parsia in the Passur River of Southern Bangladesh: Implications for effective management

The study of life-history features of least-concerned fishes like Liza parsia is critical for developing long-term management and conservation methods for this species. The current study delivers the very first detailed clarification of life-history traits (LHT), containing length-frequency distribution (LFD), length-weight and length-length relationships (LWR and LLR), form factor (a3.0), condition factors, length at first sexual maturity (Lm), natural mortality (Mw) and optimum catchable length (Lopt) of L. parsia from the Passur River in southern Bangladesh. Fish samples (n =150) were randomly collected from May to August 2021, using gill nets. Each individual fish's total length (TL), fork length (FL), standard length (SL), and bodyweight (BW) were recorded. The size classes of TL were 15–17cmleadingmaximum sizes among the fish population. Length-Weight relations (LWR) from exponential b values (TL vs. BW) revealed a negative allometric growth trend (b = 2.6174). The b value based on the LLR similarly specifies the identical growth configuration. The a3.0 score was determined to be 0.01, demonstrating that the fish has extended body morphology. KF is the finest method for measuring the well-being of L. parsia in the Passur River among the four types of condition parameters. Moreover, WR also showed a significant deviation from 100 (p < 0.05) signifying an unstable habitat for L. parsia. The calculated Lm, Mw and Lopt values were 11.20 cm in TL, 0.76/year and 12.64 cm in TL respectively. As a consequence, the findings of this research could be conducted in the future to effectively manage this species in the Passur River, and its interconnecting environments.

Determination of Length-Weight and Length-Length Relationships for Garfish Belone belone Inhabiting in Different Coasts of Kocaeli (Turkey)

Bu araştırmada, Kocaeli’nin Karadeniz ve Marmara Denizi kıyılarından Ekim-Kasım 2018 tarihleri arasında yakalanan 221 adet Zargana Belone belone bireyinin boy-ağırlık ve boy-boy ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Karadeniz örnekleri Kocaeli Kandıra’dan (79 ♀, 29 ♂), Marmara Denizi örnekleri Kocaeli Darıca’dan (87 ♀, 26 ♂) yakalanmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen örneklerin total boyları Karadeniz’de 30,4-44,5 cm iken, Marmara Denizi’nde 27,9-51,6 cm aralığındadır. Ağırlıkları ise Karadeniz’de 32,6-92,0 g ve Marmara Denizi’nde 15,4-91,6 g arasında dağılım göstermektedir. Her iki popülasyon için, dişi ve erkek bireylerde tüm değerler arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak önemsiz bulunduğundan (P>0,05) hesaplamalar tüm bireyler üzerinden yapılmıştır. Tüm bireyler için boy-ağırlık ilişki denklemi Karadeniz’de W= 0,0006L3,171 (R2=0,91); Marmara Denizi’nde W= 0,0007L3,115 (R2=0,96) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Her iki popülasyonda da boy-ağırlık ilişkisinin “b” değeri, 3’den önemli derecede farklıdır (P<0,05) ve türün büyümesinin pozitif allometrik olduğu belirlenmiştir. B. belone türünün Karadeniz ve Marmara Denizi popülasyonlarında total boy-çatal boy, total boy-standart boy ve çatal boy-standart boy ilişki denklemleri de belirlenmiştir.

Length-Weight and Length-Length Relationships of the Scorpaena Species (Actinopteri: Scorpaenidae) in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea of Turkey)

In this study, 173 specimens of Scorpaena porcus (n=50), Scorpaena elongata (n=20), Scorpaena scrofa (n=101), Scorpaena notata (n=2) were obtained from commercial fishermen in the Aegean Sea between 2017 and 2019. The length-weight relationships were determined for S. porcus, S. scrofa and S. elongata as W=0.0119TL3.182, W=0.0176TL3.004 and W=0.0656TL2.579, respectively. Negative allometry was found for S. scrofa and S. elongate, whereas positive allometry was present for S. porcus. However, with less than 5 individuals S. notata showed maximum, minimum, and mean total length and weight values. S. notata (2 individuals) had a mean total length and weight of 15.7-16.6 cm and 72.31-93.26 g. The results also demonstrated that the length-length relationships were strongly correlated for all Scorpaena species (r²>0.980, P<0.05).

Evaluation of length-weight and length-length relationships of some of the most abundant commercial fishes from the Couffo River basin (Benin, West Africa)

Abstract The Couffo basin is not well known, and neither are its aquatic living resources, such as fish fauna, which are subjected to high exploitation rates. The objectives of this study were to establish length-weight ratios (LWRs) and length-length ratios (LLRs) for the most important species in the catches and those of certain economic value. A total of 12,191 specimens belonging to 40 commercial species of actinopterygian fishes were caught with several fishing gears and methods between February 2018 and March 2021. Allometric coefficient b of the LWRs (BW = a × TL b ) ranged from 2.194 for Enteromius callipterus to 3.673 for Protopterus annectens with a mean of 2.902 ± 0.315. The growth of thirteen species was isometric, that of fourteen species was negatively allometric, and that of the remaining thirteen species was positively allometric. Coefficient of determination r2 for the LLRs of 39 of the 40 selected species mentioned above was significant and ranged from 0.781 in Gobionellus occidentalis to 0.997 in Elops senegalensis with a mean value of 0.951 ± 0.049. The results will be useful for further studies on assessments of population dynamics and the sustainable conservation of the already limited fish stocks in the Couffo River basin.

Length-Length, Length-Weight Relationships and Condition Factors of Some Anatolian Oxynoemacheilus seyhanensis (Bănărescu, 1968) Populations

This study was conducted to provide length-weight (LWRs), length-length (LLRs) relationships and condition factor of Oxynoemacheilus seyhanensis from seven habitats belonging to three inland water basins of Turkey. A total of 166 specimens were collected from Yıldızeli, Taşköprü, Suşehri (Kızılırmak basin), Büyükpotuklu, Pınarbaşı and Örenşehir (Seyhan basin) and Akdağmadeni (Yeşilırmak basin) rivers during 2017-2019. The mean (±SE) of the total, fork lengths and weight were calculated as 6.49±1.59 cm, 6.35±1.60 cm and 3.47±2.41 g, respectively. b constant of LWRs ranged from 2.29 (Suşehri) to 3.52 (Büyükpotuklu), showing growth pattern of positive allometric in all studied populations except Suşehri (negative allometric), Pınarbaşı (ısometric) and Örenşehir (isometric) population. Condition factor was ranged from 0.92 (Pınarbaşı) to 1.15 (Örenşehir). In all length-weight and length-length relationships with r2 were higher than 0.91. The results of above-mentioned parameters for this deep-bodied stone loach showed that wide range of b-value shows morphological flexibility of this species in different habitats.

The Length-Length Relationships, Growth Pattern and Condition of Rasbora sp. in Tamblingan Lake, Bali Island

Rasbora sp. is one of native fish species that inhabit in Tamblingan Lake. Several publication that discussed about this species in other ecosystem was published, but very rare information in Tamblingan Lake. The aims of this research ware determine the length-length relationships, growth pattern and condition Rasbora sp. in Tamblingan Lake. Fish sampling conducted from January to December 2019 in Tamblingan Lake. The sampling method was purposive sampling which did alternately every month on five sampling station that representing the condition of Tamblingan Lake. The result shown, all character of length has strong correlation with body weight of fish, but the total length (TL) was the most accurate measure to estimating the body weight of Rasbora sp. The growth pattern of Rasbora sp. was isometric and the condition of this fish in good condition.

Condition Factor, Length-Weight and Length-Length Relationships of Capoeta banarescui living in Kurtuluş Stream (Perşembe-Ordu)

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Kurtuluş Deresi (Perşembe-Ordu)’nde yaşayan Capoeta banarescui bireylerinin kondisyon faktörü, boy-boy ve boy-ağırlık ilişkileri gibi bazı temel popülasyon özelliklerinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmamız kapsamında Ordu ili Perşembe ilçesinde bulunan Kurtuluş Deresi’nden elektroşoker yardımıyla 60 adet C. banarescui bireyi örneklenmiştir. Balık örneklerinin ortalama standart, çatal ve total boyları sırasıyla 11,097±0,475 cm, 12,082±0,477 cm ve 13,075±0,494 cm, ortalama ağırlıkları ise 33,08±3,69 g arasında olduğu belirlenmiştir. Türün boy-ağırlık ilişkisi denklemi ile W=0,0082TB3,1294 (R2=0,99) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Analizlerimiz sonucunda da Kurtuluş Deresi’ndeki C. banarescui popülasyonunun pozitif allometrik bir büyüme gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda boy-ağırlık ilişki denklemindeki b değerinin %95 güven aralığının 3,1187-3,1362 arasında olduğu ve total boy ve ağırlık arasında kuvvetli bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Total, çatal ve standart boylar arasında ilişki denklemleri TB=1,0334ÇB+0,5895(R2=0,99), TB=1,036SB+1,5793 (R2=0,99), ve ÇB=1,0034SB+0,9475 (R2=0,99) olarak hesaplanmış ve Kurtuluş Deresi’nde yaşayan C. banarescui bireylerinin total, çatal ve standart boy ölçümleri arasında oldukça kuvvetli ilişkiler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. C. banarescui türünün kondisyon faktörü değerlerinin 0,9298-1,3767 aralığında değiştiği ve ortalama kondisyon faktörünün ise 1,1364±0,0132 olduğu belirlenmiştir. C. banarescui türünün Kurtuluş Deresi’nde yaşayan popülasyonu üzerine daha önce yapılmış bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada C. banarescui türünün bu habitattaki kondisyon faktörü, boy-ağırlık ve boy-boy ilişkileri ilk defa rapor edilmiştir.

Age, Growth, Mortality and Reproduction Biology of the Black Seabream, Spondyliosoma cantharus in North Aegean Sea, Turkey, Mediterranean Basin

In the present study, the population parameters (length-length and length-weight relationships, age, growth, mortality) and reproductive biology (sex ratio, GSI, condition, length at first maturity, spawning period, fecundity) of black seabream (Spondyliosoma cantharus Linnaeus, 1758) were investigated. The length-length relationship and length-weight relationship were calculated as FL=0.911TL-0.0433 and W=0.0123TL3.0614 (R2=0.97), respectively. Parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth equation were: L∞=33.21 cm, K=0.21 per year, t0= −1.84 year and age varied between 0 and 8 years. The instantaneous rates of total mortality (Z) and natural mortality (M) were 0.64 and 0.47 per year, respectively. Rates for fishing mortality (F) and exploitation (E) were 0.17 and 0.27 per year, respectively. The spawning season extended from February to May and peaked in March and April. The female/male ratio was found to be 3.49/1 and sex inversion from female to male occurred after the 24 cm TL length group. Total lengths at 50% maturity were 22.25 cm for males and 20.59 cm for females. The mean absolute fecundity (F) was 109,457±8,011 oocytes, ranging from 59,666 to 182,589.

Estimation of Some Population Parameters of Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) in Tabakane Stream (Ordu-Turkey)

The purpose of this study is to estimate some population parameters such as length-length and length-weight relationships and condition factor of Squalius cephalus individuals living in Tabakane Stream (Ordu-Turkey). A total of 326 S. cephalus individuals were sampled from Tabakane Stream, located in Ünye district in the Ordu province, by using an electroshocker. It was determined that the mean total, fork and standard lengths of the fish samples were 7.58±0.143 cm, 7.06±0.133 cm, and 6.30±0.121 cm, respectively, and their average weight was 6.05±0.322 g. The length-weight relationship of the species was calculated as W=0.0088TL3.0648 R²=0.993. As a result of our analyzes, it was determined that the S. cephalus population in Tabakane Stream showed a positive allometric growth. In the present study, it was determined that the 95% confidence interval of the b value in the length-weight relationship equation was between 3.0566-3.0678 and there was a strong relationship between body weight and total length. Relationship equations between total, fork and standard lengths were calculated as TL=1.0724FL+0.0086 (r2=0.9978), TL=1.1763SL+0.167 (r2=0.9972), and FL=1.0961SL+0.1529 (r2=0.9979) and it was determined that there are strong relationships between standard, fork and total length measurements of S. cephalus individuals living in Tabakane Stream. It was determined that the condition factor values of S. cephalus ranged between 0.73971 and 1.27570. The average condition factor was 0.99831±0.005. There is no previous study on the population of S. cephalus living in Tabakane Stream. In this study, the condition factor, length-weight and length-length relationships of S. cephalus in this habitat were reported for the first time.

Morphometric and meristic characteristics of the first record Fistularia petimba (Lacepède, 1803) and Fistularia commersonii (Rüppell, 1838) (Piscès: Fistulariidae) from the Egyptian Mediterranean waters (West Alexandria)

In the present study, morphometric and meristic characteristics of the cornetfishes, Fistularia spp., from the Egyptian Mediterranean coast were described. The linear length-length relationships and the allometric growth pattern were also investigated. Specimens were sampled from October 2017 to March 2019, by trawling in the marine area along the west of Alexandria City. The data analysis showed that the red cornetfish, Fistularia petimba (Lacepède, 1803), which is one of the IUCN Red List, was observed in this zone for the first time. Fistularia petimba dorsal, anal, pectoral, ventral, and caudal fins formulas were defined as follows: D 15; A 15; P (I + 14); V (i + 5); and C 18. This fish species was characterized by, elongated bony plates that were present anteriorly and posteriorly to the dorsal fin with a number of 23 bony plates anterior to the dorsal fin with the absence of gill rakers. Arched lateral line and sharp spines were on the posterior ossifications. The body color was orange–brown on the upper side and white on the bottom with transparent fins and a touch of orange color on the tips. The bluespotted cornetfish, Fistularia commersonii (Rüppell, 1838) reached 107.5 cm in total length. Its fins formulas were as follows: D (13–17); A (12 – 18); P (I + 13) – (I + 15); V (i + 5); and C 18. The vertebrae count was between 84 and 88, including the urostyle that had the first 4 vertebrae fused and without bony plate or gill rakers. Arched lateral line and rows of blue spots or line appeared on the back. The body color varied from brownish to olive on the upper side and white on the bottom with transparent fins and a touch of rosy pink color on the tips. The linear regression equations for the different morphometric characters of F. commersonii were highly correlated (R2 > 0.90). The allometric coefficients (b) of the various morphometric characters of F. commersonii were also studied. Further studies on the biological and fisheries parameters are recommended for F. commersonii as well as following the presence and establishment of F. petimba in the Egyptian waters.

Length-length relationships of elongate glass perchlet, Chanda nama (HAMILTON, 1822) from the old Brahmaputra river, Bangladesh

The generalized length-length relationships of Chanda nama ((Hamilton, 1822) belongs to Ambassidae were studied separately for a period of a calendar year collected from the Old Brahmaputra River, Mymensingh, Bangladesh for male, female and combined populations. A total of 1170 specimens were examined where 599 were male and 571 were female. The standard length, fork length and total length of male ranged from 19 to 79 mm, from 23 to 90 mm, and 28 to 100 mm respectively. The standard length, fork length and total length of female were found from 15 to 81 mm, 24 to 89 mm, and from 29 to 100 mm respectively. The generalized relationships of standard length and fork length, fork length and total length, and standard length and total length of male, female and combined populations were FL = 1.08 SL+1.41, TL = 1.11 FL + 1.54 and TL = 1.20 SL+2.81; FL = 1.09 SL+1.23, TL = 1.12 FL+1.04 and TL = 1.22 SL+2.22; and FL = 1.09 SL+1.20, TL = 1.11 FL+1.27 and TL = 1.22 SL+2.38 respectively. The coefficient of determination (R2) revealed high values in all regression analyses. In length–length relationships, the coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from 0.973-0.990. The present findings of this study will be helpful for a well-organized and significant exploitation and regulation of the Chanda nama fishery in the Old Brahmaputra River and surrounding ecosystems.&#x0D; Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.8(3): 339-347, December 2021

Length-Weight, Length-Length relationships and condition factor of the endangered yellowtail catfish Pangasius pangasius collected from the Meghna River Estuary, Bangladesh

Length-Weight, Length-Length relationships and condition factor of the endangered yellowtail catfish Pangasius pangasius collected from the Meghna River Estuary, Bangladesh

Length-weight and length-length Relationships of Six Cyprinid fish species from Sulaeman Mountain Range, Dera Ghazi Khan Region, Pakistan

Length-weight and length-length Relationships of Six Cyprinid fish species from Sulaeman Mountain Range, Dera Ghazi Khan Region, Pakistan

Some Biological and Morphological Aspects for Coptodon Zillii(Gervais, 1848) Inhabiting at Al- Tharthar Arm-Tigris River North of Baghdad,Iraq

Somebiological aspects and morphological for Coptodon zillii inhabiting at Al-Tharthar Arm-Tigris River were studied during the period from April to September 2016. The growth pattern was positive allometric with (b) values for males 3.392, females 3.192, and for combined sexes 3.30. Condition factor values were lower than one and increased with size rangesbetween1.265and1.984 with an average of 1.665for combined sexes.Fish considered as herbivorous, six food items found in the diet, filament algae was the most important food item that occupied 57.84% of the diet, followed by plants particles' and their seeds 27.08% and organic materials 12.38%. The percentage of food items by both methods differed between sexes. The research cover, the ratios of each of twenty morphometric measurements to total length, and each of four morphometric measurements to head length and their linear regression equations. All the length-length relationships between standard length and the others measurements were highly correlated.

Morphometric characteristics of four important fish species from the Rwandan side of Lake Kivu

Inland fisheries are important socio-economic resources for rural communities in Africa. In Rwanda, about two million people directly depend on capture fisheries from Lake Kivu. Sustainable fisheries management requires monitoring of population dynamics that help devise effective intervention strategies. However, the relevant data such as length-length and length-weight relationships do not exist for most of the key species in Lake Kivu. The present study generated morphometric and body weight data for Limnothrissa miodon (n=82), Lamprichthys tanganicanus (n=55), Haplochromis vittatus (n=51) and Haplochromis graueri (n=34) from Lake Kivu. Length-weight relationships (W=aLb) were highly significant for all species (p &lt; 0.0001), high adjusted R2 = 78 to 98% of the variance in weight explained by total length. Negative allometric length-weight relationships were found with regression slope (b) values of 2.7 for Limnothrissa miodon, 2.8 for H. graueri, and 2.8 for L. tanganicanus, and positive (b=3.4) for Haplochromis vittatus. Length-length relationships were highly significant for all species (p ≤ 0.0001), except for the relationship between total and caudal length for L. miodon, and total and caudal peduncle length for L. tanganicanus, both not significant at p &gt; 0.05. The highest R2 was for the relationships between total and standard length for H. vittatus, and total and fork length for L. tanganicanus. No description of length-length relationships exists for these species in literature or in FishBase database. The data generated in the current study will be used to assess changes in fish populations over time.

Bir Ada Ekosistemindeki (Gökçeada, Türkiye) Dört Aşılanmış Tatlısu Balığı Türünün Kondisyon, Boy-Boy ve Boy-Ağırlık İlişkileri

The present study aims to investigate the condition, length-weight (LWRs) and length-length relationships (LLRs) of four introduced freshwater fish species (Carassius gibelio, Cyprinus carpio, Gambusia holbrooki, and Pseudorasbora parva) inhabited in the inland waters of Gökçeada (Çanakkale, Turkey). Fish samples were collected using electrofishing from one lentic (Büyük Stream) and four lotic (Aydıncık, Dereköy, Gökçeada, and Uğurlu Reservoirs) ecosystems between April 2019 and September 2020. The calculated values of parameter b in the LWRs were 3.275 and 3.230 for G. holbrooki (Uğurlu and Büyük populations, respectively), 3.031 and 2.937 for C. carpio (Aydıncık and Dereköy populations, respectively), 3.129 for C. gibelio and 3.047 for P. parva. Values of Fulton's condition factor (K) varied between 1.72 ± 0.23 (P. parva, Gökçeada population) and 3.60 ± 0.33 (C. carpio, Dereköy population). The coefficients of correlation (r) for all the LLR equations were greater than 0.95 and significantly linear. The present study provides the first knowledge about the selected biological parameters for four introduced freshwater fish species in Gökçeada.

Sazan Cyprinus carpio (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) için Global Boy-Boy İlişkileri

A review is provided of length–length relationships (LLR) for common carp (Cyprinus carpio L., 1758) at the global scale. In total, 16 studies were retrieved from a comprehensive literature search that provided LLR for C. carpio populations from 26 water bodies consisting of rivers, lakes and reservoirs across nine countries in four continents. There was large variation in LLR, which were available for all six possible combinations of total, fork and standard length, due to the wide range of fish sizes measured. This is the first study that provides LLR for C. carpio that can be used as a reference base for future age-growth and population dynamics studies on this species.

Length–Weight and Length-Length Relationships, and Seasonal Condition Factors of Blueline Snapper, Lutjanus coeruleolineatus (Rüppell, 1838) from Salalah Coast, Sultanate of Oman

Length–Weight and Length-Length Relationships, and Seasonal Condition Factors of Blueline Snapper, Lutjanus coeruleolineatus (Rüppell, 1838) from Salalah Coast, Sultanate of Oman

Growth, maturity, condition, size at sexual maturity and mortality of the Banded gourami Trichogaster fasciata from the Ganges River, Northwestern Bangladesh

The present study depicts the first comprehensive description on population structure, growth pattern (length-weight relationships, LWRs and length-length relationships, LLRs), condition factor (allometric, KA; Fultonʹs, KF; relative, KR and relative weight, WR), maturity (size at first sexual maturity; Lm), form factor (a3.0) and natural mortality (Mw) of Trichogaster fasciata (Bloch and Schneider, 1801)in the Ganges River, Northwestern Bangladesh. In addition, asymptotic weight (Wα), a3.0, Lm and Mw of this fish species from worldwide different water bodies were calculated based on the maximum total length. Samples of T. fasciata were collected from the fisher’s catch from August 2015 to July 2016 using cast net (mesh size ranges: 1.5 - 2.0 cm). For each individual, total length (TL) and body weight (BW) were measured using digital slide calipers and electronic balance with 0.01 cm and 0.01 g accuracy, respectively. A total of 278 individuals were analyzed, where the minimum and maximum TL were 3.3 cm and 9.9 cm, respectively and BW was 1.1 g and 22.04 g, correspondingly. The highest number (32.4%) of its population stands at 6.0 cm to 7.0 cm TL size group. The b value of LWR indicated negative allometric growth. Fulton′s condition factor (KF) is the best condition and WR showed significant dissimilarity from 100, signifying the balanced habitat for T. fasciata in the Ganges River. The a3.0 was 0.0214, the Lm was 5.91 cm TL and Mw was 1.35 year-1 of T. fasciata in the Ganges River. These findings will be very effective for its sustainable management in the Ganges River and connecting ecosystems.

Some Aspects of the Growth Features and Condition Factor of Arius Gigas (Boulenger, 1911) from Obuama Creek (Rivers State, Nigeria)

Abstract Length-frequency distributions, length-weight relationships, length-length relationships and condition factors (Fulton’s KF, allometric KA, and relative KR) of Arius gigas in the Obuama Creek in Rivers State, Nigeria were investigated. 217 samples were collected from artisanal fishermen fishing on the Obuama Creek from March to September 2019. The parameter b of the length-weight relationship was 2.52 indicating negative allometric growth. The KF ranged from 0.51 to 2.03 with a mean value of 0.85 ± 0 while the overall low values of KR and KA, in this study are generally a characteristic of fish in poor health. This study provides basic information on some of the biological features of A. gigas which should be useful for facilitating management strategies and regulations of the stocks.