Leisure-time Activity Research Articles

Factors associated with infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria in Hospital "Vicente Corral Moscoso", Cuenca, 2018-2019

Factors associated with infections by multidrug-resistant bacteria in Hospital "Vicente Corral Moscoso", Cuenca, 2018-2019

Ulcerative Colitis Is Associated With Diet-related Inflammation and Physical Activity in the IBD Partners E-cohort.

Individuals with ulcerative colitis (UC) seek complementary treatment methods, including diet and physical activity, to manage the burden of living with UC. This study examined associations between diet-associated inflammation, physical activity (PA), and UC-related health outcomes. Data were obtained from 2052 IBD Partners e-cohort participants with UC. To quantify the inflammatory potential of food intake, dietary data were converted into Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and energy adjusted (E-DII) scores. Physical activity data were collected using the Godin-Shephard Leisure Time Activity Index. Outcome variables included the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, and psychosocial PROMIS domains. Higher E-DII scores, as indicator of increased dietary inflammatory potential, were associated with increased disease activity (β = 0.166; P < .001), anxiety (β = 0.342; P = .006), depression (β = 0.408; P = .004), fatigue (β = 0.386; P = .005), sleep disturbance (β = 0.339; P = .003), and decreased social satisfaction (β = -0.370; P = .004) and quality of life (β = -0.056; P < .001). Physical activity was inversely associated with disease activity (β = -0.108; P < .001), anxiety (β = -0.025; P = .001), depression (β = -0.025; P = .001), fatigue (β = -0.058; P < .001), and sleep disturbance (β = -0.019; P = .008), while positively associated with social satisfaction (β = 0.063; P < .001) and quality of life (β = 0.005; P < .001). Beneficial effects were generally greater for strenuous PA intensity. An anti-inflammatory diet and increased PA are associated with decreased disease activity, anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and fatigue, and associated with improved quality of life, sleep, and social satisfaction for patients with UC. Such modalities may reduce the daily burden of illness and aid in managing systemic and localized inflammation associated with UC.

The Effect of Work-Life Balance on Job Stress and Fatigue in Taxi Drivers.

This is a descriptive study that was conducted to examine the effect of work-life balance on job stress and fatigue in taxi drivers. The study included 150 taxi drivers residing in Ankara. As a data collection tool, we used Work-Life Balance, Chalder Fatigue, and Work Stress Scales. We used the Mann-Whitney U test and multiple linear regression analysis. The model established after multiple linear regression analysis was statistically significant ( F [5.142] = 5.442, P < 0.001). A 1-unit increase in the work-life balance variable caused a 2.885-unit decrease in the work stress score and a 0.143-unit decrease in the fatigue score. We can suggest that taxi drivers who have a work-life balance will be able to participate in social activities in their daily lives, and leisure time activities with family and friends can help motivate individuals more and increase energy.

The Relationship between Leisure Time Physical Activity and High-risk Behaviors with Mediating Personality among the Students of University of Isfahan

Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between leisure physical activity and high-risk behaviors with personality mediating role in students of University of Isfahan. Method The research method was descriptive-correlational and in terms of purpose was part of applied research that was conducted in the field. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of University of Isfahan in the academic year 2020-2021(16,563 people) 375 people were selected as a sample by stratified sampling method using the Krejcie and Morgan’s table. A researcher-made checklist of leisure-time physical activity, high-risk behaviors, and personality questionnaires were used to collect data. The validity of the research tools and their reliability (by Cronbach's alpha test) were evaluated. Research data were collected in library and field sections. To analyze the research data, descriptive and inferential statistics was used. Finding The results showed that high-risk behaviors are less in the leisure time of active students. In addition, with increasing physical activity in leisure time, high-risk behaviors decrease. On the other hand, the more psychotic students are, the more high-risk behaviors are likely to happen. In addition, the separate relationships between leisure-time physical activity and personality with high-risk behaviors were significant. Discussion However, the results showed that when the personality variable was included in the relationship between leisure physical activity and high-risk behaviors, the relationship between the two variables became insignificant. Therefore, in order to reduce high-risk behaviors among students, it is better for university officials to increase the possibility of students participating in leisure-time physical activities by holding extracurricular sports classes and easy access to sports facilities.

Achievement of Guideline-Recommended Targets in Diabetes Care in China : A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Nationwide achievement of guideline-recommended diabetes care targets has not been comprehensively assessed in China. To estimate the proportions of adults with diabetes achieving major clinical risk factor control, body mass index (BMI), lifestyle, and dietary targets specified in the Chinese diabetes guidelines. Nationwide cross-sectional survey. China, 2015 to 2017. A national sample of 8401 adults with self-reported diabetes and a subset of 3531 with dietary data. The assessed targets included 1) ABC targets (individualized hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] target; blood pressure [BP] <130/80 mm Hg; and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] level <2.6 or <1.8 mmol/L [<100 or <70 mg/dL], depending on the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease), 2) BMI below 24 kg/m2, 3) lifestyle targets (not currently smoking or drinking, guideline-recommended leisure time activity level, and sleep duration of 7 to 8 hours), and 4) dietary targets (50% to 65% of energy from carbohydrate, 15% to 20% from protein, 20% to 30% from fat, ≥14 g of fiber per 1000 kcal, and <2000 mg of sodium per day). The proportion of adults with self-reported diabetes achieving each ABC target was 64.1% (95% CI, 61.4% to 66.8%) for HbA1c, 22.2% (CI, 20.2% to 24.1%) for BP, and 23.9% (CI, 21.9% to 25.9%) for LDL-C. The proportion achieving a BMI below 24 kg/m2 was 32.2% (CI, 30.3% to 34.2%). The proportion achieving each lifestyle target was 75.8% (CI, 73.9% to 77.7%) for smoking, 66.7% (CI, 64.4% to 69.1%) for drinking, 17.9% (CI, 15.8% to 20.1%) for leisure time activity, and 52.0% (CI, 49.6% to 54.3%) for sleep duration. The proportion achieving each dietary target was 39.1% (CI, 36.0% to 42.2%) for carbohydrate, 20.1% (CI, 16.9% to 23.3%) for protein, 20.5% (CI, 17.6% to 23.4%) for fat, 9.0% (CI, 7.0% to 10.9%) for sodium, and 2.5% (CI, 1.3% to 3.6%) for fiber. Only 4.4% (CI, 3.5% to 5.2%) of participants achieved all 3 ABC targets, 5.1% (CI, 4.3% to 6.0%) achieved all 4 lifestyle targets, and 4 participants achieved all 5 dietary targets. Self-reported data and age of the data. Achievement of guideline-recommended diabetes care targets in Chinese adults with self-reported diabetes was exceedingly low. The findings highlight the need for immediate national health actions to improve diabetes care. Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, National Key R&D Program of the People's Republic of China, and the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China.

Curricular and Extracurricular Entrepreneurial Activities Supporting Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Desirability of Rural Youth

Entrepreneurship may be the only viable solution for finding employment in rural areas because of their limited labor markets. However, how curricular and extracurricular entrepreneurial activities can support the entrepreneurial potential of rural youth remains a question. Using a mixed-methods approach, we investigate the impact of curricular and extracurricular entrepreneurial activities on rural adolescents’ entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and desirability. Our findings show that extracurricular entrepreneurial activities, especially inventive and commercial ones, enhance both ESE and entrepreneurial desirability, but formal curricular entrepreneurial activities do not. Our study highlights how extracurricular entrepreneurial activities can support young people’s perceptions of their entrepreneurial potential while allowing them to explore and exploit local entrepreneurial opportunities. These activities are vital for rural areas to enable rural youth to see opportunities in their local surroundings and consider entrepreneurship as a career option early in life. The implications suggest that rural entrepreneurship education could leverage naturally occurring opportunities for leisure-time entrepreneurial activities in rural areas.

Differential associations of leisure music engagement with resilience: A network analysis.

Several factors associated with resilience as the maintenance of mental health despite stress exposure can be strengthened through participation in leisure time activities. Since many people listen to or make music in their leisure time, the aim of the present study was to provide insights into the architecture of how resilience relates to passive and active music engagement. 511 participants regularly listening to and/or making music completed an online survey on resilient outcomes (i.e., mental health and stressor recovery ability), different resilience factors (e.g., optimism, social support), quantitative music engagement (i.e., time spent with music listening/making) and qualitative music engagement (i.e., use of music listening/making for mood regulation). Bivariate correlations showed that subjects spending more time with music making reported better stressor recovery ability and less mental health problems, while partial correlational network analysis revealed no unique associations for quantitative music engagement. Regarding qualitative music engagement, people using music-based mood regulation reported lower mental health, mindfulness, and optimism, but also higher social support. A more heterogeneous pattern emerged for single music-based mood regulation strategies. Our findings highlight the importance of the individual (mal-)adaptive use of music, painting a more nuanced picture of music engagement and resilience.

Analysis of Covid restrictions influence on road traffic crashes and related road users behaviour in the Czech Republic

The Covid pandemic and following restrictions worldwide influence various aspects -lockdown does not only have economic consequences but is also associated with a change in population mobility. As well as the spread of a pandemic and the associated numbers of infections and deaths, policy responses and restrictions have also varied from country to country. Despite all the negative impacts of the Covid pandemic, the decrease in crash-related injuries may be seen as one of the positive impacts of lockdown politics. The change in crash characteristics dur-ing the Covid lockdown may provide new insights and help design countermeasures for road safety improvement. It is not sufficient to generalize findings across individual countries, there were different trends in crash frequency and severity during the Covid lockdown The main purpose of this study was to investigate the Covid restriction's impact on road safety in the Czech Republic. The retrospective analysis was performed using data the Police crash statistics. In addition to data from the main Covid periods (2020 and 5 months of 2021 data), crash data from 2016-2019 as the period unaffected by the Covid pandemic, were used as a control group. The study focused not only on the overall crash frequency but also on the analysis of the crash frequency according to the individual crash participants. Crash data did not indicate significant changes in risky behaviour. The mobility decrease was associated with decreased crash frequency, especially of vehicles and pedestrians. The crash numbers also reflect changes in how people spend time, respectively an increase in leisure time activities in some age groups and a change in usage of transport modes. Two-wheeled vehicle users (cyclists, motorcyclists) crash frequency was more influenced by seasonality. While the crash frequency of vehicles (personal vehicles and HGVs) and pedestrians was better correlated with mobility data, the cyclists and motorcyclists crash frequency were better correlated with temperature.

Examining the Relationship between Cognitive Flexibility and Leisure Boredom in Students

Cognitive flexibility studies are being handled and studied in a multidisciplinary manner day by day. In this study, cognitive flexibility levels and leisure boredom perceptions of university students who do sports were examined. The "leisure boredom scale" adapted to Turkish by Kara, Gürbüz and Öncü (2014) and the "Cognitive Flexibility Scale" adapted to Turkish by Altunkol (2011) were used as data collection tools. The universe of the study consists of the students of Atatürk University Faculty of Sports Sciences. Sample; it consists of 188 people, 100 men and 88 women, using simple random sampling technique. As a result of the normality tests, it was determined that the data (Skewness -1.5 and Kurtosis +1.1) showed a homogeneous distribution in the value ranges. Our findings show that students who are interested in team activities have more leisure time satisfaction than those who are interested in individual activities (p=.000). The increase in the rate of engaging in leisure time activities indicates that the scores of the students regarding the perception of leisure boredom decline. It is supported by our findings that high cognitive flexibility is also associated with leisure satisfaction (r=,514).

Serbest Zamana Dönüş: Serbest Zaman Etkinliklerine Katılımda Covid Esnası ve Sonrası Dönem

Aim: Based on the research articles published in the literature on the effects of COVID-19, this study aims to present a suggestion for the behaviors that are predicted to occur in terms of recreational activities when the pandemic process ends. &#x0D; Method: From this point of view, a descriptive search was made in the literature according to the criteria determined by the researchers. As a result of the descriptive search, 21 articles suitable for the criteria were accessed. Emphasis has been placed on including the concepts of COVID-19, leisure time, recreation and physical activity as keywords in the articles.&#x0D; Findings: When the articles were examined, it was seen that the inability of individuals to efficiently manage the increase in leisure time due to their lockdown during the isolation process will create a need for leisure time after the lockdown process. &#x0D; Conclusion: It has been concluded that facilities and recreation leaders should be ready to meet the potential need in order to effectively manage recreational activities after the pandemic process, to realize appropriate orientation to activities and to produce free time programs for the needs of individuals.

Prognostic Implications of Physical Activity on Mortality from Ischaemic Heart Disease: Longitudinal Cohort Study Data.

The prevalence of physical inactivity has been rising in many countries in recent years, adding to the burden of non-communicable diseases and affecting overall health worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the comprehensive assessment of the prognostic value of physical activity in leisure time on mortality from ischemic heart disease (IHD) by gender separately for those respondents who were diagnosed with IHD and for those who were not diagnosed with IHD in their baseline health survey. In the baseline survey (2006-2008), 7100 men and women ages 45-72 were examined within the framework of the international study Health, Alcohol, and Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE). A total of 6770 participants were available for statistical analysis (after excluding 330 respondents due to missing information on study variables). Physical activity was determined by leisure-time physical activities (hours/week). All participants in the baseline survey were followed up for IHD mortality events until 31 December 2018. Using multivariate Cox regression analysis, it was found that moderate and higher levels of physical activity significantly reduced the risk of IHD mortality (HR = 0.54, p = 0.016 and HR = 0.60, p = 0.031, respectively) in men who were not diagnosed with IHD at baseline compared with physically inactive subjects. It was found that among men and women who were diagnosed with IHD at baseline, physical activity reduced the risk of mortality from IHD compared with those who were physically inactive (HR = 0.54, p = 0.021 and HR = 0.41, p = 0.025, respectively). Using mediation analysis, it was found that physical activity directly predicted statistically lower IHD mortality (p < 0.05) in men and women. High physical activity was a significant factor that directly predicted statistically lower IHD mortality in men, regardless of whether subjects had IHD at baseline or not. However, only moderate physical activity was a significant factor that directly predicted statistically lower IHD mortality in the women group with IHD at baseline.

Factors affecting wellbeing of young adults: A study of Gujrat city, Punjab, Pakistan

ABSTRACT Wellbeing is a fundamental, broad, and multifaceted construct that deals with individual’s health, potential, productivity, social connections, ability to contribute, gain pleasure from doing a good job, recognize themselves by others, grappling, mastering, further utilizing new skills and acquaintances, they value independence, and also the ability to shape their own destinies. Wellbeing emphasizes on developing a person, especially adolescents or young adults as whole, and encompassing different dimensions as social, psychological, physical, economic, and spiritual wellbeing. The years of young adulthood are critical, exciting, and stressful as a continuous process of growing and changing is taking place. Major biological, social, and cognitive changes occur during the period between puberty and young adulthood, which largely stimulate the most important shift in personal capacities, communal affiliation, facilitating to develop and work out societal identities and discover their self-sufficiency. Young adults in Pakistan constitute a major chunk in the national population (63%), and unfortunately produce poor contribution in development and face a multiplicity of challenges. Keeping in consideration the said scenario, an in-depth evaluation is carried out to check the impacts of various factors on overall wellbeing of young adults. Primary data were collected from 18–25-year-old adolescents (male and female) through random sampling. Finding of the study reveals that factors such as family attitude, peer group, adaptability, and leisure time activity have significant impacts on dimensions of overall wellbeing. Furthermore, the relationship among variables is positively significant and has direct and mediating impacts on overall wellbeing of young adults.

Leisure Time Activities and Subjective Happiness in Early Adolescents from Three Ibero-American Countries: The Cases of Brazil, Chile and Spain

(1) Background: The aim of the present study is to analyze subjective happiness in relation to leisure time in 10-year-old boys and girls from Brazil, Chile and Spain and to determine which leisure time activity has a greater effect on their subjective happiness and whether there are differences according to gender. (2) Methods: Data from the third wave of the Children’s Worlds Project was used, which was collected by administering self-report measures to representative samples in each country. The sample was composed of 4008 early adolescents from Brazil (22.1%, n = 886), Chile (22.8%, n = 913) and Spain (55.1%, n = 2209). The mean age of the sample was 10.17 years (SD = 0.57), and 51.7% were girls. (3) Results: In terms of subjective happiness, moderate to high means were observed, with higher scores in boys and the Spanish sample. The results showed some differences in leisure time activities among children from Brazil, Chile and Spain. Furthermore, the results highlighted the importance of relaxation time with the family to promote happiness in pre-adolescence across genders and countries. Additionally, playing outdoors and doing homework were also found to be protective factors for subjective happiness. (4) Conclusions: In Brazil, Chile and Spain the most consistent result was the positive effect of spending time relaxing with the family on subjective happiness.

LEISURE IN PSYCHOLOGY AND ISLAM: COMPARATIVE STUDIES

Islam is a exhaustive religion that talks about many facets of daily life, including recreational or leisure activities. Since leisure research has always been regarded primarily through the lens of Western psychology theory, it has grown significantly in Europe and America. There hasn't been any more research done on the benefits of leisure activity participation from an Islamic perspective. This study tries to compare leisure from the viewpoints of psychology and Islam. Comparative research is conducted by reading and analysing carefully from a variety of pertinent sources, including those from Islam and psychology. The findings indicated that psychology and Islam encourage leisure activities that are beneficial for addressing psychological, educational, social, self-relaxation, and physiological demands. While Islam dictates that one's leisure time activities do not contradict with Islamic beliefs in order to create happy people in this world and the hereafter, psychology is more open in many areas.

Lipoprotein Particle Profiles Associated with Telomere Length and Telomerase Complex Components.

Telomere length (TL) is a well-known marker of age-related diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation increase the rate of telomere shortening, triggering cellular senescence. Although lipoproteins could have anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory functional properties, the relationship between lipoprotein particles with TL and telomerase activity-related genes has not been investigated much. In this study, we assessed the associations of lipoprotein subfractions with telomere length, TERT, and WRAP53 expression in a total of 54 pre-diabetic subjects from the EPIRDEM study. We regressed TL, TERT, and WRAP53 on 12 lipoprotein subclasses, employing a Gaussian linear regression method with Lasso penalty to determine a lipoprotein profile associated with telomere-related parameters. The covariates included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), dyslipidemia, statin consumption, and physical activity leisure time. We identified a lipoprotein profile composed of four lipoprotein subfractions associated with TL (Pearson r = 0.347, p-value = 0.010), two lipoprotein subfractions associated with TERT expression (Pearson r = 0.316, p-value = 0.020), and five lipoprotein subfractions associated with WRAP53 expression (Pearson r = 0.379, p-value =0.005). After adjusting for known confounding factors, most lipoprotein profiles maintained the association with TL, TERT, and WRAP53. Overall, medium and small-sized HDL particles were associated with shorter telomeres and lower expression of TERT and WRAP53. Large HDL particles were associated with longer telomere and lower expression of WRAP53, but not with TERT. Our results suggest that the lipoprotein profiles are associated with telomere length, TERT, and WRAP53 expression and should be considered when assessing the risk of chronic diseases.

Association between physical activity, immune-related adverse events, and mortality in patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibition.

2643 Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved prospects for some, but not all patients with cancer and frequently induce severe immune-related adverse events (irAEs). While physical activity (PA) has been associated with prolonged survival and diminished toxicity of chemotherapy, its association with ICI efficacy and toxicity is currently unknown. Hence, here we study the association between PA in patients undergoing ICI, and survival and severe irAE occurrence. Methods: Patients with advanced cancer receiving anti-PD-(L)1 based immunotherapy at our academic center were enrolled in the UNICIT cohort. All participants who completed the PA questionnaire (SQUASH) at ICI initiation between 10-2019 and 01-2022 were included in this study. PA was quantified by calculating Metabolic Equivalent Task (MET) hours per week and moderate to vigorous sport and leisure time activity. Association of PA with overall survival (OS) was assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression. Association of PA with occurrence of a severe irAE (grade 3 or higher) within one year was assessed using logistic regression in patients with at least one year follow-up. All analyses were adjusted for sex, age, tumor type, treatment intent and ICI type. Results: In total, 251 patients were included, with a median follow-up of 20 months and a median age of 64 years. The majority (153 patients) had melanoma. Median OS was not reached. Compared to low levels of total PA, intermediate and high levels of total MET-hours were associated with prolonged survival (adjusted hazard ratios: 0.56 (95%CI 0.31-1.02) and 0.47 (95%CI 0.26-0.86), respectively; table). Thirty eight out of 209 patients with at least one year of follow-up developed severe irAEs within the first year. Compared to patients with low total PA levels, patients with intermediate or high levels of total PA have a lower odds of developing severe irAEs (adjusted odds ratios: 0.35 (95%CI 0.12-0.90) and 0.19 (95%CI 0.06-0.56), respectively). Similar trends of prolonged OS and reduced odds of severe irAE occurrence were observed in patients who performed more moderate to vigorous sport and leisure time activity. Conclusions: Higher physical activity levels at start of ICI treatment are associated with prolonged survival and lower risk of severe irAEs. Future research needs to elucidate whether inactive patients benefit from increasing PA levels after diagnosis. [Table: see text]

Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Adaptation of the Yale Physical Activity Survey.

This study aimed to examine the convergent validity and test-retest reliability of the Turkish version of the Yale Physical Activity Survey (YPAS-TR). Eighty-one volunteer older adults were included in the study. Test-retest reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Correlation coefficients between YPAS-TR and Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE), Short Form-36, and Short Physical Performance Battery were examined for convergent validity. Acceptable intraclass correlation coefficient values were reached for YPAS-TR energy expenditure, total physical activity time and summary, vigorous, leisurely walking, moving, standing, and sitting indices (intraclass correlation coefficient = .96-.99). There was a moderate correlation between energy expenditure and total physical activity time with PASE (leisure time activities), PASE (household activities), and PASE (total) (r = .478, r = .468, r = .570, r = .406, r = .490, r = .550, respectively, p < .001). Also, a weak correlation was found between summary and leisurely walking index with PASE (household activities), standing index with PASE (leisure time activities), and PASE (total) (r = .285, p = .010; r = .257, p = .021; r = .238, p = .033; r = .283, p = .010; respectively). The results of the study suggest that the YPAS-TR is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to assess the physical activity patterns of Turkish older adults.

Health behaviors among head and neck cancer survivors

PurposeTo determine to what extent head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors participate in health behaviors (HBs) recommended by the National Cancer Center Network (NCCN®).MethodsParticipants identified through the tumor registries at the Abramson Cancer Center (ACC), University of Pennsylvania and affiliated sites. Eligibility: (a) diagnosis and treatment HNC; (b) aged 18 to 70 years; (c) ≥ 1-year post-diagnosis; (d) human papillomavirus (HPV) status confirmed; (e) ability to understand written English. Potential participants received an explanation of the study, informed consent, self-reported questionnaire, and self-addressed stamped envelope.Results451 individuals eligible, 102 (23%) agreed to participate, HPV positive (74%). Current smoking rare (7%), historical use common (48%). Current alcohol use common (65%), average 2.1 drinks/day, 12 days/month. 22% binge drank with an average of 3.5 binge-drinking sessions per month. Nutritional behavior mean 7.1 (range 0–16), lower scores indicating better nutrition. Body mass index (BMI) 59% overweight/obese. Adequate aerobic exercise 59%, adequate strength and flexibility 64%. Leisure time activity, 18% sedentary, 19% moderately active, 64% active. All participants reported having a primary care physician, 92% seen in the previous 12 months.ConclusionsMost HNC survivors participated in some HBs. Current smoking rarely reported, binge drinking and high BMI most common negative HBs. Opportunities remain to improve dietary and exercise behaviors.Implications for cancer survivorsThe NCCN® has outlined HBs that decrease likelihood of cancer survivors developing comorbidities that could impact overall survival. It is incumbent on healthcare providers to educate and encourage cancer survivors to participate in these HBs.

Domain-specific physical activity, sedentary behavior, subjective health, and health-related quality of life among older adults

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the association between domain-specific physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, subjective health perception, and health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in Korean adults aged ≥ 65 years.MethodsThis cross-sectional study analyzed 6,004 older adults from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017–2020. PA and sedentary behavior were measured using a global PA questionnaire, and HR-QoL was assessed using the EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D, three-level version). Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after adjusting for confounding parameters.ResultsOlder adults who were physically active at work showed a negative association with subjectively good health and HR-QoL, whereas those physically active in transport or leisure time showed a positive association with subjectively good health and HR-QoL. Older adults highly engaged in sedentary behavior showed a worse perception of health and HR-QoL. Compared to high sedentary behavior and physical activity during leisure time or transport, the EQ-5D index was higher than that of their counterparts.ConclusionBoth domain-specific PA and sedentary behavior were significantly associated with older adults’ perception of health and HR-QoL. Interventions are needed to improve HR-QoL by reducing sedentary behavior and encouraging physical activity in transportation or leisure time among adults aged 65 years and above.

Living Alone in the City: Differentials in Subjective Well-Being Among Single Households 1995–2018

Over the past decades, the number of single households is constantly rising in metropolitan regions. In addition, they became increasingly heterogeneous. In the media, individuals who live alone are sometimes still presented as deficient. Recent research, however, indicates a way more complex picture. Using the example of Vienna, this paper investigates the quality of life of different groups of single households in the city. Based on five waves of the Viennese Quality of Life Survey covering almost a quarter of a century (1995–2018), we analyse six domains of subjective well-being (satisfaction with the financial situation, the housing situation, the main activity, the family life, social contacts, and leisure time activities). Our analyses reveal that, in most domains, average satisfaction of single households has hardly changed over time. However, among those living alone satisfaction of senior people (60+) increased while satisfaction of younger people (below age 30) decreased. Increasing differences in satisfaction with main activity, housing, or financial situation reflect general societal developments on the Viennese labour and housing markets. The old clichéd images of the “young, reckless, happy single” and the “lonely, poor, dissatisfied senior single” reverse reality.