Leisure Practices Research Articles

Employment, Studies and Feelings: Two to Nine Years After a Personalized Program of Cognitive Remediation in Psychiatric Patients.

Employment rate in psychiatry is around 10 to 30%. Cognitive remediation (CR) associated with psychosocial rehabilitation shows good functional outcomes, with a high level of satisfaction in participants provided by tailored CR. However, few studies looked at the long-term outcome in participants who experienced such a program. This retrospective survey examines the outcome of persons having psychiatric diseases 2 to 9 years after being treated with a personalized CR program. The survey included 12 domains with questions relevant to work, studies, before CR (T1) and at the moment of the survey (T2), questions about housing, relatedness, familiar relationships and daily activities at T2. Finally, a narrative interview was included to express feelings of the participants about CR. Sixty-six participants completed the survey, and were treated with neurocognitive or social cognition programs. Their diagnosis was: schizophrenia (80.3%), neurodevelopment disorder (autism as well as genetic or metabolic disease with psychiatric expression) (15.2%) and bipolar disorder (4.5%). The comparison between T1 and T2 showed significant difference for job employment (P < 0.001), even for competitive jobs (p < 0.007), for performing studies (p = 0.033), for practicing a physical activity (0.033) or reading (0.002). Outcome was also examined in reference to the delay from CR to highlight changes in patient characteristics and service delivery over the years. Hence, the total sample was split in two subgroups: CR delivered in 2009–2013 (n = 37); CR delivered in 2014–2016 (n = 29). While in the former group more participants were working (p = 0.037), in the latter group, which was younger (p = 0.04), more participants were studying (p = 0.02). At T2, a majority of persons experienced no relapse, three years (79.1%) to 8 years (56.8%) after CR, when referring to the anamnesis. Concerning subjective perception of CR, participants expressed feelings concerning positive impact on clarity of thought, on cognitive functions, self-confidence, perceiving CR as an efficient help for work and studies. To conclude, even long years after a personalized CR program, good benefits in terms of employment or studies emerge when compared to the status before CR, with good determinants for recovery in terms of leisure or physical activity practice.

Ebony Jr! Race, Meritocracy, and Sports in African American Children’s Media

Abstract This paper examines the relationship between race and sport in African American children’s media in the publication Ebony Jr! (1973-85). Through sport, Ebony Jr! promoted an ideology of meritocracy and heralded the values of hard work and self-determination, the importance of the family unit, and investment in middle-class leisure practices. While these values were present in Ebony, content in the magazine for adults also addressed issues plaguing African American athletes, such as discrimination and the discourse of essentialized racism. Ebony Jr! primarily erased narratives of oppression within profiles of athletes and crafted childhood as a protected space by imagining sport as a meritocratic space for black-child readers. I argue for the importance of including childhood and youth studies perspectives within the field of sport history and examine children’s media as valuable texts for understanding the transmission of ideologies regarding race and sport.

How to Have a Rest in the Arctic: Leisure Activities of the Soviet Polar Explorers in the 1930s

Mid 1930s characterized by a change in cultural imperatives: instead of the Spartan and anti-bourgeois ideals of the NEP and industrialization period the authorities proposed a lifestyle full of abundance. The words of I. Stalin: “Living has become better, comrades; living has become happier” was perhaps the most popular slogan. The 1930s were also characterized by the Arctic exploration activity peak, which was to become an objective symbol of the Soviet social experiment success. But was there a place for leisure in it? The aim of the research is to answer this question by investigating the issue of leisure practices of Soviet polar explorers. The author came to conclusion that leisure of the polar explorers was a rest in the style of socialist realism – idealized and unrealistic, practically leaving no hint of deviance or contradiction with the established cultural imperative. They listened to music from Soviet musical comedies, read the right books, played chess, not cards, studied foreign languages and were actively involved in political education. The only weaknesses available – smoking and alcohol – were the means to calmly think over the situation or celebrate a public holiday, once again realizing the importance of their work for the benefit of the socialist homeland and being inspired to new exploits.

Досуговые и образовательные практики новосибирских коллекционеров транспортной техники периода Великой Отечественной войны

Досуговые и образовательные практики новосибирских коллекционеров транспортной техники периода Великой Отечественной войны

A life course perspective on the start of Black middle-class women’s recreational running careers

This study is informed by two questions: How can studying the biographies of Black middle-class women illustrate how early life experiences shape adulthood health and leisure choices? More specifically, what life course processes affect one’s ability and choice to become a recreational runner? Using life story data, I utilize two interrelated concepts from the life course perspective, cumulative processes and turning points, to highlight how both of these social processes affect decisions to running recreationally. For the women in the study whose running stories exemplify cumulative processes, their narratives focused on the continuation of middle-class health and leisure practices from childhood and adolescence. Other participants’ narratives centered on poignant biographical moments related to health that served as key turning points that significantly altered participants’ exercise trajectories in adulthood. This subset of women were oftentimes working class or poor as children. The findings of this study have implications for why it is important to take an intersectional, long-armed approach to understanding Black women’s health and leisure during adulthood.

Sensing Water: Uncovering Health and Well-Being in the Sea and Surf

This article considers how different recreational users engage with and utilize blue spaces as health-enabling. Informed by empirical and participatory fieldwork with surfing and sea swimming groups, we explore embodied and emotional experiences while researching directly within blue space. Given a focus on health and well-being, we identify different dimensions of how surfers and swimmers narrate those experiences while directly immersed in water during a sport/recreational activity. Such questions resonate with geographical thinking around phenomenology, active relational geographies, embodiment, emotion, and sport and leisure practice. We use a broad health promotion or enabling spaces approach to capture different emotional and embodied accounts of immersions in blue space, recognizing that this capture is emergent in and from place.

Corporal Practices and Leisure of Young Brazilian Evangelicals

A large part of Brazilian evangelicals, from traditional groups, have restrictions related to the body which drive them away from sporting activities, dancing, gymnastics, and other corporal practices. Nevertheless, many of them participate in activities during Physical Education classes, as this is a school discipline. Therefore, this research aims to analyze how and if experiences in corporal practices during Physical Education classes are capable of transforming the relations of evangelical students with these practices and the ‘use of the body’ in leisure practices. We carried out ethnographic research in two public schools in Sao Paulo state for a school year, in Secondary Education classes. The analyses presented are the fruit of our daily observations and the discourse of the students selected. The results suggested that churches have been attempted to govern their follower’s corporal practices. However, there are breaches during Physical Education classes that allow young evangelicals to experience secular activities.

Impact of Secularization on Everyday Practices of Town-dwellers from Regional Perspective of Yenissei Province and Textual Evidence of “Krasnoyarsk Worker” Newspaper (Beginning of 1920s)

This paper examines how domestic and leisure practices of Siberian town-dwellers in the early 1920s were influenced by the state anti-religious policy. By examining state activities, the paper shows an enormous expansion of state intervention in the sphere of private life of the Yenissei province town-dwellers, their leisure activities and domestic practices. The participation of Siberian town-dwellers in the work of clubs, societies, lectures and new “proletarian” holidays became the mechanisms for secularizing their daily lives. The construction of the “new communist way of life” was underway and the state secularization policy became an additional catalyst for changes in domestic practices and a cause of family conflicts. By focusing on the above-mentioned period and using publications of the local leading periodical “Krasnoyarsk Worker” published in the Yenissei province since the year 1905 until recently, the article demonstrates the tendencies of changes in everyday life of the Yenissei province town-dwellers targeted by the state anti-religious policy.

Everyday Life Construction, Outdoor Activity and Health Practice among Urban Empty Nesters and Their Companion Dogs in Guangzhou, China.

In this paper, we argue that research on the everyday life of older people needs to move beyond anthropocentrism because non-human support contributes to the diversity of their social networks. We elaborate this argument by examining how companion dogs are involved in the urban empty-nest family in Guangzhou (an aging and highly urbanized city in China), the building of multispecies kinships by urban empty nesters in later life and improving the health of urban empty nesters. Participatory observations and 20 in-depth interviews were combined to assess the association between dog ownership and the reconstruction of later life. Specifically, we focus on the co-disciplined pursuit of outdoor activities by urban empty nesters and their companion dogs; this pursuit represents a shared leisure practice that maintains multispecies kinship and is a creative way for older individuals to improve their happiness and physical functioning. This paper provides a relational and reflective understanding of the interaction between the urban empty nesters and companion dogs and the implications of this interaction in the urban leisure space.

Children's active outdoor play: 'good' mothering and the organisation of children's free time.

This qualitative study draws on the Foucault-inspired notion of biopedagogies to examine and problematise the salient factors of contemporary motherhood impacting children's active outdoor play (AOP). The study positions mothering as a practice, through which children's health and bodies are constructed and disciplined. A discourse analysis of 21 interviews with Canadian mothers identified three discursive constructions of the 'good mother': mothers as time managers, risk managers and screen-time managers. Each was characterised by discursive conflicts that compromised the provision of AOP by mothers. This study provides data necessary for successfully including AOP as a leisure practice within family-centred health promotion.

История общества «Техника – массам» в контексте популяризации техники в СССР на рубеже 1920–1930-х гг.

The research is devoted to the issues of technical training and propaganda in the USSR of the 1920s–1930s through the history of the Society “Technique for the masses” (1927–1931). Its aim was a mass education of a wide range of industrial and agricultural workers and collective farmers with the technical knowledge necessary for the full development of new technology. The history of the Society allows us to get an idea of the views of the Soviet government on the prospects and forms of development of science and on the practices of building and working out mechanisms for the introduction of technology into society. To achieve these goals, a whole range of methods was used by the Society: educational work, various methods of popularization through leisure practices (exhibitions, movies, radio, etc.), support for initiatives from below, organizing circles, etc. Such a combination of types of work was typical for other large-scale propaganda campaigns of the 1920s and 1930s. The problems that became critical for the Society were also not unique: competition with other societies, insufficient financial support, organizational failures, and lack of proper support from third-party organizations.

Saharan Recreation: From a Transformation of Bodily Experiences to a Transformation of Cultural Representations

ABSTRACT If the desert was long perceived as a hostile and inhospitable territory, it was gradually conquered during the 20th century by the practice of sports and leisure activities. The aim of this article is to study these practices in the Saharan zone and, in particular, the genealogy of these practices in relation to speed. The first period, in the continuity of modernity thinking, was characterized by a time of acceleration of sports practices. The practice of desert driving and extreme sports are obviously the most symbolic of this period. Placed under the influence of a ‘technological paradigm’, these practices reflect the expression of ‘One-Dimensional Man’ in the language of sport. Today, these sports practices are more or less in decline, and new corporal and leisure practices are definitively joining a logic of slowness a more intimate projection of the body in nature and sustainable leisure. The development of Saharan hiking, the revival of camel riding, and sand bathing are evidence of this trend. In these new Saharan practices, slowness can be analysed as an emerging experience (Andrieu 2017b) of belonging to the World and Nature. The depth of the body is rediscovered through a body ecology that translates the awakening of a body placed in a life-giving situation at the heart of nature. This exhalation of an existential resourcing requires a spatial support, a counterpart of ‘corpospatiality’ which must be analysed through a second use or diversion. The slowing down of the pace of activities then makes it possible to envisage new ways of being in the world and interacting with it. These new bodily experiences in the desert can finally be seen as the expression of a renewed ecosophy understood as wisdom based on communion with nature, with others and with oneself.

Horses in leisure events: a posthumanist exploration of commercial and cultural values

ABSTRACT Horses currently play a leading role in many leisure events worldwide. However, their involvement in leisure activities raises various ethical questions. Based on a posthumanist approach, this study sought to explore the use and treatment of horses in a leisure event in Mexico. A participant observation method was adopted to conduct the research, revealing that horses become quite instrumental and commodified for humans, fulfilling intersecting entertainment, economic and cultural purposes. These results thus provide evidence of the prevailing anthropocentric and speciesist nature of horse-human interactions in leisure events. The findings include that, when horse-human relations become highly commercialised and are institutionally recognised as cultural heritage, a complete embracement of posthumanism is needed to dissolve basic horse-human dichotomies, but this remains a utopian ideal in tourism and leisure practices.

Resenha do Livro Ócio Valioso para Envelhecer Bem

Resenhamos o livro Ócio valioso para envelhecer bem, de Manuel Cuenca Cabeza, buscando elucidar o significado do ócio valioso e ativo enquanto prática de lazer na fase do envelhecimento. Para Cuenca a transição da atividade produtiva para a aposentadoria provoca mudança existencial, limitando a autoexpressão do idoso. Para viver com maior autonomia e sensibilidade a fase do envelhecimento, propõe ao aposentado experienciar um ócio ativo e dinâmico que lhe permita ter prazer e motivação para desfrutar a cada dia de sua existência. Mas, como seria possível o idoso viver esse ócio valioso, especialmente no contexto brasileiro?

Flourishing through Leisure Practice Model, Capabilities Approach, and MacIntyre’s Theory of Flourishing: Compatible and Interrelated

Flourishing is a burgeoning concept in therapeutic recreation (TR) with some authors arguing for it to be a principal goal of the profession. However, there are three conceptualizations in the literature raising questions of compatibility and interrelationship. Are the Capabilities Approach (Nussbaum, 2006), MacIntyre’s (2007) theory of flourishing, and the Flourishing through Leisure: An Ecological Extension of the Leisure and Well-Being Model (FTL; Anderson & Heyne, 2012a) compatible, and if so, how are they interrelated? An investigation revealed the conceptualizations are harmonious and nested according to level of generality. The Capabilities Approach is the most abstract and serves as a foundation that accommodates MacIntyre’s theory which, in turn, details multiple capabilities and their contributions to flourishing. The FTL model links both to service recipients by transforming theoretical rhetoric into specific actions professionals take to facilitate flourishing. Considered jointly, the complementary entities serve at least two functions. They mutually support flourishing as a principal goal and supply clear guidelines on how to help people live well. Subscribe to TRJ

Costume Play and Young Adults\u2019 Socio-Economic Insertion Pathways in Japan

This article shows how young adults’ cultural practices in Japan have become a social trajectory whose study is essential to understanding the life journeys of youths. Costume play, or kosupure, is a form of popular culture mediation that facilitates young people’s social integration and fosters their sense of belonging. Studying these practices helps to better understand and define the changing importance of leisure in Japan in young people’s lives, in particular since the collapse of the economic bubble. Based on life stories and participant observation, we analyze the interweaving of these leisure practices and life courses. Our analysis helps to understand the symbolic and social roles of these activities in practitioners’ lives in the form of three pathway types. On the professional path, young people’s cultural practices open doors to employment. On the enchanted path, kosupure practices function above all in “response” to a society perceived by some young adults as “conformist”. On the contingency path, these practices facilitate social insertion. To conclude, we discuss these practices as cultural mediation tools that support young people’s cultural citizenship.

Changing emotional engagement with running through communal self-tracking: the implications of 'teleoaffective shaping' for public health.

Emerging research explores the role of self-tracking in supporting healthy behaviour. Self-tracking comprises a number of interrelated practices; some individual some communal. In this article, we focus on practices that enable interaction between self-trackers through data sharing and communication around personal data. For public health, communal self-tracking has been explored for the additional benefits it provides in addition to self-knowledge. However, under-explored is the emotional entanglement of self-tracking and tracked activities, or the role of practitioners in the dynamic evolution of tracked practices. Qualitative, mixed methods data were collected from leisure-time runners in the SW England who self-track using social fitness app 'Strava', and were interpreted through the lens of practice theory. We find that communal self-tracking affords the active shaping of the emotion and purpose of running. This 'teleoaffective shaping' allows practitioners to negotiate and reconstitute appealing meanings associated with running to protect their practice loyalty. We identify three mechanisms for teleoaffective shaping afforded by Strava: labelling, reward and materialising effort. Findings advance our understanding of how social fitness apps work to retain practitioners of physically active leisure practices. Future research should further explore the multiple ways that associations with tracked physical activity evolve through entanglement with self-tracking practices.

Целевые показатели национального проекта «Культура» в контексте международной практики: эффективность управленческого инструментария и потенциал влияния на развитие сферы культуры

&lt;p&gt;В статье проведен анализ эффективности целевых показателей национального проекта «Культура» в сравнении с наиболее актуальными методиками оценки эффективности культурной деятельности, используемыми в мире, с акцентом на их взаимосвязь с приоритетами и задачами в области стимулирования развития культурной сферы и вовлеченных в нее субъектов. Среди рассмотренных методик — система оценки национальной стратегии в области культуры Великобритании The Culture White Paper, австралийская классификация культурных и досуговых практик, британское исследование степени вовлеченности жителей в культуру Taking Part Survey, аналогичное австралийское исследование Connecting Australians, а также некоторые подходы к оценке цифрового вовлечения в культурную жизнь.&lt;/p&gt;

Quadriplegic Sexuality: Demystifying Misconceptions

A common misconception about people with quadriplegia is that they cannot or do not have sex. Most research on sex and disability focuses on anatomy and physiology. Research regarding sex as leisure and sexual practices of people with quadriplegia is limited. Interviews explored people with quadriplegia perceptions of how people without disabilities view their sexuality, if sex enhances their overall quality of life, and if they view sex as leisure. Findings indicate people with quadriplegia are sexual beings who enjoy “giving” during sex, perceive that people without disabilities view them as nonsexual, and the majority of the participants viewed sex as leisure, contributing to their quality of life.

О феномене цифрового кочевничества

&lt;span&gt;В данной обзорной статье рассматривается феномен цифрового кочевничества (или цифрового номадизма), который анализируется в рамках трех дискурсов: экономического, социокультурного и технологического. В качестве факторов его распространения приведены механизмы гиг-экономики и цифровой занятости. Продемонстрированы особенности идентичности цифрового кочевника, который стремится к балансу между трудовыми и досуговыми практиками, показана важная роль в формировании этой идентичности сообщества кочевников. В рамках технологического дискурса рассматривается роль технологий в жизни цифровых номадов. В статье выделен ряд характеристик цифрового кочевника: осознанный выбор кочевого образа жизни, чрезвычайно высокий уровень географической мобильности, владение сетевым и цифровым капиталами. В заключении проблематизируется вопрос о рисках и угрозах для выбравших цифровой номадизм в качестве своей жизненной траектории. Статья базируется на результатах исследований цифрового кочевничества и удаленной занятости, проводившихся в 2017–2019 гг.&lt;/span&gt;