Leisure Motivation Research Articles

Impact of Hairdressers’ Motivation to Participate in Volunteer Activities on Job Satisfaction

Purpose: This study seeks to investigate the impact of hairdressers’ motivation to participate in volunteer activities on their job satisfaction.Methods: The research subjects were hairdressers living in Gwangju Metropolitan City and Jeonlanamdo who have experience in volunteer activities, and a survey was conducted from December 1 to December 30, 2022. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression analyses were performed on 211 copies, excluding surveys with incomplete responses, by using the SPSS v. 25.0 Statistical Package Program. Results: The analysis showed the followingresults: First, self-development motivation, cause-directed motivation, external motivation, and leisure motivation as subfactors of the motivation to participate in volunteer activities had a statistically significant positive (+) correlation with cosmetology job satisfaction and interpersonal satisfaction as subfactors of job satisfaction (p<0.001); Second, self-development motivation and leisure motivation were found to have a statistically significant positive (+) effect on cosmetology job satisfaction; Third, leisure motivation, self-development motivation, and cause-directed motivation were found to have a statistically significant positive (+) effect on interpersonal satisfaction.Conclusion: It can be confirmed that self-development motivation and leisure motivation are important factors in hairdressers' job satisfaction as subfactors of their motivation to participate in volunteer activities. For interpersonal satisfaction, it can be confirmed that leisure motivation, self-development motivation, and cause-directed motivation are important factors among the subfactors of motivation to participate in volunteer activities.

College Students’ Healthy Leisure: Latent Profile Analyses of Constraints and Negotiation Strategies

College presents opportunities for health promotion, but students may be constrained in their ability to engage in healthy leisure. Leisure constraints and constraint negotiation strategies are important influences of healthy leisure, but few studies have examined the potential for heterogeneity among students in the constraints they face and how they negotiate these constraints. The present study therefore used a person-centered approach, latent profile analysis, to identify patterns of college students’ constraints and negotiation of healthy leisure. Using a sample of 605 students at a U.S. university, results indicated a four-profile solution for healthy leisure constraints and a two-profile solution for healthy leisure negotiation. Results also showed interrelationships between profiles and among profiles and participant demographics, healthy leisure motivation and identity, subjective health, and healthy leisure activities. Findings are discussed in terms of future research and the development of more tailored leisure education interventions for college populations.

Leisure, heritage, and identity: a case study of Malaysian Chinese 24 Festive Drums performance

ABSTRACT This study aims to explore the relationships among leisure, heritage, and identity through the case study of Malaysian Chinese 24 Festive Drums Performance. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 respondents who were members of the Chinese diaspora from Malaysia currently studying in China and practising 24 Festive Drums as their leisure activity. The findings showed that the three components are interrelated: (a) as identity carrier, heritage confirmed identity, while identity helped to spread the heritage; (b) identity served as a motivation for leisure, which in turn increased leisure participation and strengthened identity; (c) heritage was promoted as leisure practice, which further developed as serious leisure. This study has theoretical contributions in developing a triangular model of interrelationships between leisure, heritage, and identity. Furthermore, practical implications were discussed on demonstrating the potential of the role of leisure in heritage promotion and identity construction.

Leisure Motivation and Happiness, Mediation of Leisure Attitude and Perceived Value: An Evidence from Large and Heavy Motorbike Riders in Taiwan

Leisure Motivation and Happiness, Mediation of Leisure Attitude and Perceived Value: An Evidence from Large and Heavy Motorbike Riders in Taiwan

여가 동기와 제약요인이 노인 여가 만족에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

This study sought to derive major leisure motivation, leisure constraints, and leisure satisfaction factors of the elderly, and to find out how leisure motivation and leisure constraints affect leisure satisfaction. The subjects of the study were the elderly using Wonju Senior Welfare Facility, which was conducted as an on-site survey between April 1 and May 30, 2022. A total of 320 copies were distributed, of which 299 were used for data analysis as effective samples. The analysis results are summarized as follows. First, three factors (external motivation factors, no motivation factors, and internal motivation factors) were extracted as leisure motivation, and three factors (structure, intra-personal, inter-personal were extracted for leisure constraints and three factors (family relation satisfaction, environmental satisfaction, and life satisfaction) were drew for leisure motivation factors. Second, the respondents expressed their opinion that they are not satisfied with where they lives and are not satisfied with the space they live in when they have no family or colleagues to share leisure activities or when they want to participate but have no one to help them. In addition, when participating in leisure activities for no particular reason, there was nothing to do, so when participating to eliminate other miscellaneous thoughts, they felt close to their families and relationships with their relatives improved, and they were satisfied with the space and place they lived. In conclusion, practical implications based on the results of this study were proposed

웹툰과 웹소설의 댓글 이용 동기에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of webtoon and web novel users' motivation to use comments (reading) among web contents. As a part of this, we examined the effect of comment use on the relationship between satisfaction and influence, and the relationship between motivation and satisfaction, and examined whether there is a difference between platforms (webtoons and web novels). As a result of the analysis, it was composed of two motives for use (communication, leisure pursuit) and three motives for use of comments (fun to read comments, search for public opinion and information, and criticism) through factor analysis. Both communication motivation and leisure motivation were partially mediated by the relationship between communication motivation and leisure motivation -> fun to read comments -> satisfaction. On the other hand, when comparing the influence of the motivation for using comments between webtoons and web novels, it was analyzed that public opinion, information search and criticism had no mediating effect in common, and the difference was the motivation for reading comments.

플로깅 참여자들의 참여동기가 참여 효능감과 자아존중감 및 삶의 만족에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of participation motivation on participation efficacy, self-esteem and life satisfaction of participants in the plogging activities, and to help them expand and participate continuously as a volunteer activity in the future. For this purpose, the following conclusions were drawn by using correlation analysis and regression analysis among variables based on a total of 294 questionnaires using convenience sampling method. First, among the motivations of the participants in the plogging activity, the representative, self-development, and external motivation had a significant effect on the participation efficacy, and the leisure motivation did not have an effect. Second, the participation efficacy of the participants in the plogging activity had a positive effect on self-esteem. Third, participation efficacy of participants in the plogging activity had a positive effect on life satisfaction. Plogging activities are rapidly spreading around the younger generation, and companies are also doing a lot of activities as part of social contribution. In order for the plogging activity to be recognized as an eco-friendly behavior, it is necessary to promote the government and local governments and systematically manage volunteer activities. It is time for the government and local governments to make efforts to establish policies so that plogging can become a representative icon of service by combining various eco-friendly activities together.

Investigation of Leisure Motivation Levels of Athletes in Combat Sports

Bu çalışmanın amacı mücadele sporlarında sporcların boş zaman motivasyon düzeylerinin araştırılmasıdır. Motivasyonun insanların yapıcakları faaliyetler kapsamında başarılı olabilmeleri adına yapılacakları işleri içten ve istekli olarak gerçekleştirmesidir. Sporda motivasyonu genel ve özel spor motivasyonu şeklinde ikiye ayrılır. Toplam 293 mücadele sporcusuna boş zaman motivasyon anketi uygulanmıştır. İstatistiksel işlemlerde t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi ve LSD testleri yapılmıştır. Cinsiyete göre mücadele sporcularında boş zaman motivasyon alt ölçeklerinde motivasyonsuzluk, bilme ve başarma, uyaran yaşama, özdeşim ve dışşsal düzenleme arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur (p

Motives and Barriers Affecting the Participation of Polish People in the Physical Activity of Nordic Walking.

The aim of the study was to identify motives and barriers which have the greatest influence on participation in Nordic Walking (NW) of people with normal body weight and persons who are either overweight or obese (according to their BMI). In the study, the modified Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS) was used, which was designed to measure adult physical activity (PA) motivation. PALMS measures eight motives for participation in PA, on a 5-point Likert scale. The study was conducted during a NW competition and during training sessions of its participants. Two groups of respondents were taken into account: the first group with those with normal body weight and the second group with those who were overweight or obese. Respondents with normal body weight were more frequent participants of NW sessions. Enhanced body capacity, concern for one's health, improved body shape and lifespan extension were major motives of practicing NW. Polish people perceive PA as a means of improving the quality of life due to enhanced health and wellbeing. Subjects with normal body weight tended to mention lack of areas suitable for NW and lack of time due to professional work. Overweight or obese persons pointed to other types of PA, shyness and lack of time.

THE INFLUENCE ON PHYSICAL EDUCATION STATE ANXIETY AND LEISURE MOTIVATION ON PERCEIVED WELL-BEING OF STUDENTS

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of Physical Education state anxiety and leisure motivation on the perceived well-being of students. Utilizing quantitative, non-experimental design via correlational technique, data were obtained from 300 respondents of the study who are Grade 11 students in Physical Education in 4 public schools in Jose Abad Santos-2, Davao Occidental. The researcher utilized stratified random sampling and an online survey mode of data collection. The researcher also utilized statistical tools such as mean, Pearson r, and regression analysis. From the results of the study, it was found that there are very high levels of mean scores for all variables of Physical Education state anxiety, leisure motivation, and perceived well-being of students. Also, results revealed that there are significant relationships between Physical Education state anxiety and leisure motivation, between Physical Education state anxiety and perceived well-being, and between leisure motivation and the perceived well-being of students. Further, it was revealed that physical education state anxiety and leisure motivation can influence the perceived well-being of students.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0261/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Spanish Validation of the PALMS (Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale).

Although there is abundant evidence supporting an active lifestyle, it is necessary to promote the practice of physical activity among the population. To understand this phenomenon, several studies have been conducted to describe the reasons why people participate in sports activities. The PALMS (Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale) was created as a comprehensive tool to measure the reasons for practicing sports. This tool consists of 40 items related to sports and is designed for the young and adult population. Each of the subscales is formed of five items (mastery, enjoyment, psychological condition, physical condition, appearance, the expectations of others, affiliation, competition/ego) that reflect the possible reasons for practicing sports. This study sought to validate the PALMS in the cultural context of Spain, for the type of population for which it is designed. In total, 596 voluntary participants completed the study from Spain, aged 18 to 53, who regularly practice sports. The adequacy of the model obtained in the exploratory study was confirmed, since a model composed of eight factors and 40 indicators in total was obtained. The parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.05) and the factor loadings presented values greater than 0.5. Regarding internal consistency, the values of Cronbach’s alpha and those of the composite reliability were above 0.8. In conclusion, the validation of the Spanish PALMS proved to be a valid and reliable measurement instrument for the evaluation of the reasons that lead the population to perform sports physical activity.

New Ecological Paradigm, Leisure Motivation, and Wellbeing Satisfaction: A Comparative Analysis of Recreational Use of Urban Parks before and after the COVID-19 Outbreak

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an opportunity for us to rethink the relationship between humans and the environment. However, few studies have examined the association between environmental attitudes, motivations, wellbeing, and quality of life in the context of urban green areas before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. This paper investigated the interrelationships among these variables based on data collected in 2019 (before COVID-19) and 2021 (after COVID-19). The results show that the 2021 sample differed significantly from the 2019 sample in environmental attitudes. Respondents after the outbreak with the belief in “humans with nature” were more likely to use urban green areas for being “close to nature” than pre-pandemic respondents. In addition, stronger belief in “humans over nature” led to stronger desire for “social interactions” in 2021 than in 2019, implying a close relationship between people’s perception of humankind’s ability to control nature during the pandemic and their desire to interact with people in urban green areas. The study also found that there may be a pent-up satisfaction among urban dwellers after the COVID-19 outbreak.

Study of the Influence of Social Media Using Motivation on Brand Online Advertising Marketing Effect

Based on the analysis of motivation, advertising marketing and other related theories, this paper, according to the theory of Uses and Gratifications, taking Sina Weibo as an example, constructs a model of the influence of users' social media using motivation on brand online advertising marketing, and makes an empirical study by constructing structural equation model and doing regression analysis based on the questionnaire survey data. It is found that different users have different motivations for using Sina Weibo, among which users' leisure motivation has a significant positive impact on brand attitude, and it has a positive effect on users' purchase intention of products and services presented in different types of advertisements when brand attitude serves as an intermediary. This study provides the theoretical basis and practical reference for the brand to conduct online advertising marketing and for the social media platforms to optimize their advertising business.

패션 정보검색 동기가 이미지 검색서비스 품질 지각과 이용의도에 미치는 영향

This study aims to investigate the effects of fashion information search and innovativeness of consumers on service quality of image search. Furthermore, it focuses on exploring the effect of image search service quality on use intention. Data of mobile-friendly consumers in their 20s and 30s was collected in September 2021 via an online survey. Finally, 300 samples were used for the data analysis. First, motivation for information search in fashion was divided into four factors: information, relation, leisure, and entertainment motivation. Furthermore, service quality of image search was divided into four factors: accuracy, convenience, customization, and aesthetics. Second, regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of fashion information search motivation on service quality. As a result, it was found that information, relation, and entertainment motivation except leisure motivation had significant effects on all factors of service quality. Third, fashion innovativeness had no significant effect on aesthetics while consumer innovativeness significantly influenced all factors of service quality. Fourth, accuracy, convenience, and aesthetics had a significant effect on use intention.

Motives for physical activity participation: does religious faith play a mediating role?

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to examine the role of religious faith (i.e., a mediation effect) on the motivation for and participation in physical activity (PA) among adults. The participants consisted of 689 volunteers (390 males, 299 females) aged 18–65 years (mean age = 25.67; SD = 8.92) from various ethnic groups. Participants identified their religion as Islam (77.4%), Christianity (12.2%), Buddhism (6.8%), Hinduism (3.5%), or Catholicism (0.1%). They completed the Malay version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale, and the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire. To explore the factorial structure of PALMS, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with varimax and Kaiser normalisation was conducted. The construct reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity were also established. The results showed that the direct effect of extrinsic motives on PA participation was positive and significant (β = 0.256, p < 0.001) and the intrinsic motives for PA participation were also positive and significant (β = 0.115, p < 0.05). However, there were no mediated effects between intrinsic and extrinsic motives and PA participation. The results indicate that religious faith did not play a mediating role in PA participation. A possible explanation for this might be that there may be unobserved mediators such as religious activities (e.g., attending worship services) acting between motives and PA participation. Therefore, future studies are needed to examine religious activity as a potential mediator for better understanding the role of religious faith in PA participation.

Gender, activity participation, education levels, and depressive symptoms predict activity participation levels at post-cardiac rehabilitation

BACKGROUND: Little is known about predictors of activity participation that are objectively measured in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) graduates. This prospective observational study aimed to determine the predictors of objectively measured activity participation among adults with chronic cardiac conditions who have completed Phase II CR. METHODS: Twenty-five adults with chronic cardiac conditions graduating from traditional CR program participated in the study. The outcome variable was an activity participation level measured by light-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (LVPA) minutes using ActiGraph GT9X Link accelerometer after CR discharge. Covariates were collected at the discharge from CR, and outcome variables were collected at 1 month, 3 months, and 9 months post CR discharge. RESULTS: Gender, standardized LVPA at CR discharge, body mass index, and motivation for physical activity and leisure were significantly associated with the activity participation levels at 1 month, 3 months, and/or 9 months post CR discharge. Gender, standardized LVPA at CR discharge, highest education completed, and depressive symptoms significantly predicted the activity participation levels at 1 month (R2 = 0.69, p &lt; 0.001), 3 months (R2 = 0.65, p &lt; 0.001), and/or 9 months (R2 = 0.80, p &lt; 0.001) post CR discharge. Female CR participants who were more active, had more than high school education, and showed more depressive symptoms at CR discharge were more likely to be active post CR. CONCLUSIONS: CR participants may benefit from individualized approach to plan their days post CR and application-focused and education-level sensitive sessions to understand the importance of activity participation maintenance post CR.

By land or sea: Exploring motivations for outdoor adventure activities in a college student population

ABSTRACT Over the past several decades outdoor adventure recreation programs (OARPs) have seen an increase in popularity on university campuses across the country. This study used the Leisure Motivation Scale (LMS) developed, to measure motives for participation; that is, the study investigated college students’ motivations to participate in OARPs. Specifically, we sought to build a model for predicting interest in water or land-based activities based on experience levels and year in school. Using a sample of 152 participants from an OARP at a Midwestern University, results indicated significant differences in motivations based on stimulus avoidance. The findings from this study will help researchers and practitioners understand motivations for participation in OARPs and provide direction for more attractive and impactful outdoor programming.

The influential relations of leisure motivation, satisfaction, behavioral intention in the baby boomers -Focusing on moderate effects of the social exclusion

The influential relations of leisure motivation, satisfaction, behavioral intention in the baby boomers -Focusing on moderate effects of the social exclusion

Effects of Leisure-Time Physical Activity on Cognitive Reserve Biomarkers and Leisure Motivation in the Pre-Diabetes Elderly.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the change in cognitive reserve biomarkers of the pre-diabetic individual according to the types of leisure-time physical activity (aerobic or resistance physical activity). The research subjects (n = 184) who participated in the survey were pre-diabetic and diabetic patients who were visiting university hospitals and welfare centers. The intervention subjects (n = 36) who were elderly females with pre-diabetes volunteered to participate in the study by performing regular physical exercise (aerobic or resistance exercise). The study participants were 65 years of age or older with pre-diabetes defined by a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of (5.7–6.4)%. All research subjects performed motivation and stress questionnaire survey. All intervention subjects participated in leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) for 12 weeks. Body composition, HbA1c, and cognitive reserve biomarkers were measured at baseline, and at 6 and 12 weeks. LTPA motivation confirmed that the LTPA participants had a high level of motivation. Stress confirmed that the stress level of LTPA participants was low. Two-way within-factor ANOVA revealed significant group × time interaction for weight (p < 0.05), BMI (p < 0.01), % fat (p < 0.001), SBP (p < 0.05), HbA1c (p < 0.001), BDNF (p < 0.001), and Beta-Amyloid 1–42 (p < 0.001). In both physical activity groups, HbA1c (p < 0.001), NGF (p < 0.05), BDNF (p < 0.05), and Cathepsin B (p < 0.05) improved significantly at 12 weeks, compared to baseline and 6 weeks. In the resistance physical activity group, Beta-Amyloid 1–42 (p < 0.01) and Homocysteine (p < 0.05) significantly decreased at 12 weeks, compared to baseline and at 6 weeks. The LTPA showed high levels of integrated and identified regulation among leisure motive types, and the level of stress was found to be low. The LTPA is effective in reducing the HbA1c levels of the pre-diabetes elderly. In addition, the pre-diabetes elderly were found to have increased NGF, BDNF, and cathepsin B, and decreased Beta-Amyloid 1–42 and homocysteine. Regular leisure-time physical activity has a positive effect on cognitive reserve biomarkers through improving glycemic control by reducing weight and % fat in the pre-diabetes elderly.

Structural equation model of psychological constructs of transtheoretical model, motives for physical activity, and amount of physical activity among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malaysia.

This study aimed determine the structural relationship between psychological constructs of the transtheoretical model (TTM; processes of change, decisional balance, and exercise self-efficacy), motives for physical activity (PA), and amount of PA among Malaysians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). All participants were recruited from the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia using a cross-sectional study design with purposive) sampling method. A total of 331 participants were recruited for the present study. Before participation in the study, they were informed that participation in the study was totally voluntary. Those who agreed to participate voluntarily were required to complete the self-administered questionnaire set, which included the processes of change, decisional balance, exercise self-efficacy, physical activity and leisure motivation, and international physical activity questionnaires. Data analysis of structural equation modeling was performed using Mplus 8. From the 331 participants, most of whom were male (52%) and Malay (89.4%), with a mean age of 62.6 years (standard deviation = 10.29). The final structural equation model fit the data well based on several fit indices [Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.059, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.953, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.925, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) = 0.031]. A total of 16 significant path relationships linked between the TTM, motives for PA, and amount of PA. The pros of decisional balance, others' expectations, and psychological condition were constructs that directly affected PA, whereas the other constructs had a significant indirect relationship with the amount of PA. A positive mindset is crucial in deciding a behavioral change toward an active lifestyle in people with T2DM.